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Florida Entomologist
Official Organ of the Florida Entomological Society

Vol. X SUMMER NUMBER No. 2
JULY, 1926

THE GENUS PHYLLODINUS AND ITS ALLIES
(HOMOPTERA-FULGORIDAE)
Including the Description of a New Genus and Species
By E. D. BALL
The writer recently collected a new and very interesting spe-
cies of brachypterous Fulgorid with foliaceous tibiae that was
evidently closely related to some members of the genus Phyl-
lodinus. On reviewing the group preparatory to describing the
species it was found that the other species that have been re-
ferred to this genus were, in a number of important characters,
quite distinct from P. nervatus, the type. In the present paper
these two groups have been separated, a new genus and species
described and the synonomy and distribution of all the species
concerned brought as nearly up to date as the material at hand
would permit.
Genus Phyllodinus Van Duzee
Resembling Dicranotropis but with expanded tibiae and with more longi-
tudinal nervures in the apical portions of the elytra. Head broader than
the thorax, vertex nearly square, rounding to the front. Front very broad,
slightly angularly expanded below the eyes; median carina forked opposite
the eyes. Basal joint of the antennae long, slender, almost equalling the
second. Lateral carinae of the pronotum following the contour of the eyes.
Anterior and middle tibiae and femora flattened-foliaceous. Brachypter-
ous elytra much longer than wide, covering about half of the abdomen.
Nervures sharply distinct, numerous. Macropterous elytra broadening api-
cally with 8 terminal nervures.
The type and only species of this genus as here defined is P.
nervatus Van Duzee.

Phyllodinus nervatus Van Duzee
Eurysa nervata Van Duzee Bull. Buff. Soc. N. Sc. 5 p. 191. 1894.
Resembling Pissonotus brunneus but larger, with longer elytra and ex-
panded tibiae. Length 21/-3 mnm.
Vertex about square, front very broad, broader than'the eye; almost
parallel margined. Femora and tibiae almost equally foliaceous through-

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

out. Brachypterous elytra covering the 5th abdominal segment. Macrop-
terous elytra very broad, the radius forked at least twice before the cross
nervures. Back' of the cross nervures about 8 apical nervures some of
which may fork or join.
Color:-Front dark the margins and a number of transverse bands
light. Vertex pronotum and scutellum pale. The median fovae of vertex,
a pair of crescentic spots on the pronotum behind the eyes, a triangular
pair behind them on the scutellum, separated by a pair of narrow stripes,
dark. Brachypterous elytra smoky, the nervures definitely light. Abdo-
men testaceous brown the apex light. Clypeus and expanded legs black
or dark smoky.
This species appears to be restricted to Southern Canada and
the extreme northern border of the U. S., coming south only in
the higher mountains. It was described from N. Y. and Ontario
and the writer has taken examples in Logan Canyon, Utah in
the Wasatch Mountains, in the Rocky Mountains back of Fort
Collins, Colorado, in Rhinelander in Northern Wisconsin, Hard-
wick in the Green Mountains of northern Vermont and has ex-
amples from Franconia, N. H. (Slosson) taken in the White
Mountains. All but one of these examples were taken between
the 10th and the 30th of July and all were from very wet and
often partially shaded meadows.

Genus Phyllodictus gen. nov.
Resembling Pissonotus in size and form but with expanded tibiae as
in Phyllodinus. Head definitely narrower than the thorax, the. vertex
narrower than the long diameter of the eye. Front somewhat broader than
long. The carinae of the vertex and front as in Pissonotus. Lateral cari-
nae of the pronotum straight, divergent, becoming obsolete before the pos-
terior margin. Middle and anterior femora and tibiae expanded, the an-
terior tibiae broad and foliaceous, sometimes as broad as the front. Bra-
chypterous elytra short, as wide or wider than long. Venation reticulate
or obscure. Macropterous elytra hyaline, venation simple as in Pissonotus
not more than 5 apical veinlets.
Type of the genus P. tessellatus n. sp.
Muir recently called attention to the two groups and their re-
lation to Dicranotropis and Pissonotus but to the writer the dif-
ferences in width of head and direction of pronotal carinae, al-
though undoubtedly distinctive, do not represent as great a di-
vergence as the remarkable complexity of venation and the dif-
ference in the place of abbreviation of the brachypterous elytra
as exhibited in P. nervatus, as compared with either Pissonotus
or Phyllodictus.

SUMMER NUMBER

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PHYLLODICTUS
A.-Brachypterous elytra tessellate. Venation reticulate. First antennal
joint as broad as long. 1-tessellatus n. sp.
AA.-Brachypterous elytra polished, venation obscure, not reticulate.
B.-Front with narrow transverse white bands above the broad apical
one. Oblique white bands on pronotum and elytra.
-2-flabellatus Ball.
BB.-Front highly polished, unicolorous. Narrow transverse white
bands on pronotum and elytra. 3-nitens Van D.

Phyllodictus tessellatus n. sp.
Superficially resembling Phyllodinus nervatns but smaller with shorter
elytra and strikingly different venation. Brownish, heavily tessellated
above with pale, except for the abdomen. Length 2mm.
Head narrow, vertex longer than wide, about equalling the pronotum,
rounding over to the broad retreating front; carinae obscure, the fork
long and narrow. Front very broad, almost square, weakly tricarinate.
Clypeus tumid. Pronotum broad, parallel margined, the lateral carinae
with one or two short spurs on the inner margins. First joint of antennae
short, as broad as long, second joint three or more times the first in length.
Brachypterous elytra narrow covering the second segment, closely and
evenly reticulate. Macropterous elytra with simple venation as in flabel-
latus except that all the main veins are forked and there may be a few
faint reticulations in this region.
Color.-Vertex, pronotum, scutellum and elytra white, irrorate and
tessellate with brown. Abdomen brown with a few pale lines. Vertex with
a brown band on the anterior margin and a pair of black spots at base,
a larger pair on pronotum. Front shining brown, clypeus pitchy, a broad
White band on suture. Antennae and anterior legs brown. Macropterous
elytra transparent the nervures covered with setigerous black dots and
there is a black spot before the apex of clavus.
Type female, allotype male and 9 paratypes collected in low
wet "flat woods" at Sanford, Fla. by the writer and one para-
type female taken at Meridian, Miss. (Drake.)

Phyllodictus flabellatus Ball
Phyllodinus flabellatus Ball Can. Ent. 34 p. 232 1902.
Phyllodinus koebelei Osb. Ohio Nat. 4 p. 46 1903.
Phyllodinus fuscous Osb. Ohio Nat. 4 p. 46 1903.
Pissonotus piceus Spooner Can. Ent. 44 p. 238 1912.
Large, dark brown, shining with white bands on face, pronotum and
elytra. Length 2.5-3mm. Vertex and face narrow, almost parallel mar-
gifed, pitchy, transversely banded with white. Anterior half of pronotum
black, posterior half and scutellum obliquely white. Elytra testaceous or
black, shining, the posterior margin sharply and slightly obliquely white,
Abdomern brown with narrow longitudinal white flecks. Clypeus black.
Anterior tibiae expanded more than femora. Macropterous elytra pale
with a dark commisural spot; five apical nervures.

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

This species 'which 'superficially resembles Piss-onotus mar-
ginatus is found in similar situations in moist meadows or the
margins of swamps. It has been taken in Ohio (Osb.) Pa.
(Wirtner), N. Y. (Spooner), N. J., D. C. (Heid) (Ball),.Prairie,
Miss. (Drake) and Sanford, Fla. (Ball). All the specimens ex-
amined have been taken in July or September.
The writer is very certain that the above synonomy will be
found to be correct. Osborn described his species before see-
ing the description of flabellatus. The examples of fuscous ex-
amined have all appeared to be immature. With more material
it may be possible to set off a light colored variety for which the
name fuscous may be used. Spooner apparently did not know
that in flabellatus and its allies the pronotal carinae are straight
and so placed it in the genus Pissonotus and described it as new
at the same time noting its affinities with Phyllodinus.

Phyllodictus nitens Van Duzee
Phyllodinus nitens Van Duzee Bull. Buff. Soc. N. Sc.. 9 p. 198, 1909.
Resembling flabellatus but smaller with a unicolorous front and great-
ly enlarged anterior tibiae. Length 2.5mm. Head much narrower than the
thorax; vertex small, quadrate; front rather broad, curved, highly polished.
Brachypterous elytra very short, quadrate, highly polished. Anterior tibiae
much broader than the femora, as wide or wider than the front. Color
variable rufous or rufo-piceous shading almost to black on abdomen, face
and anterior tibiae. A narrow transverse white band on posterior mar-
gin of pronotum and again on elytra. No light band on face.
Van Duzee described this species from two females, one mac-
ropterous, from Southern Florida. The writer has taken two
pair of brachypterous forms in low "flat woods" and swamp
margins at Sanford and New Smyrna, Fla. Although varying
from very pale to almost black in color this pretty species can be
recognized by the extraordinary size of its anterior tibiae and
the narrow and strictly transverse dorsal white bands.

Mr. T. E. Halloway, of the U. S. Entomological Laboratory in
New Orleans, is spending several weeks in Florida. He is sta-
tioned at West Palm Beach and Canal Point where he is attempt-
ing to establish a Tachinid parasite of the cane borer which is
being imported from Cuba. The Experiment Station is also at-
tempting to establish these parasites in Florida in cooperation
with County Agent Leo Wilson of Manatee County.

SUMMER. NUMBER

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF
THYSANOPTERA OF FLORIDA
J. R. WATSON*
Thysanoptera form a more important part of the fauna of
Florida than of more northern states. One species especially
(Frankliniella tritici bispinosa) swarms in practically all blos-
soms, especially during the drier months. Of the 80 odd species
recorded from Florida the food habits of 75 are fairly well
known. 65 are plant feeders, and 12 mostly predators. How-
ever, the distinction between plant feeders and predators is
not always very sharp among the thysanoptera. Some of our
most abundant plant feeders, for instance, F. tritici bispinosa,
are occasionally predaceous.
Shull has classified thysanoptera into interstitial, that is, those
living in hidden situations, and superficial, those living exposed.
The interstitial he has further classified as Anthophilous, those
living in flowers, and Phloeophilous, those living under bark;
and the superficial into Poephilous, those living on grass, and
Phyllophilous, those living on leaves.
However, 7 of our Poephilous species are by choice interstitial,
living under sheath of leaves and other sheltered situations, two
Phyllophilous species also are interstitial, living among pine
needles, and another interstitial species lives under the cap
scales of coconuts. The predaceous species may be either inter-
stitial or superficial.
Of the plant feeders 34 are phyllophilous, feeders on leaves
and tender shoots. 14 of these are poephilous, preeminently
grass insects altho occasionally found on leaves of other plants.
They are
Chirothrips manicatus Bregmatothrips gracilis
Chirothrips floridensis Hoplandrothrips pergandei
Chirothrips crassus Haplothrips leucanthemi
Limothrips cerealum Haplothrips bellus
Sericothrips singularis Haplothrips graminis
Plesiothrips perplexus Eurythrips osborni
Anaphothrips grandioculus Frankliniella fuscus
19 are phyllophilus, that is, feeders on the leaves and shoots
of plants other than grasses. Nine of these
Sericothrips variabilis Heliothrips fasciatus
Echinothrips americana Heliothrips femoralis
Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis Liothrips citricornis
Heliothrips phaseoli Trichothrips amplipennis
Odontothrips phaleratus
*Paper read before the Ecological Society of America at the Cincinnati
meeting Dec. 1923.

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

are general feeders found on a, large number of hosts, 'and nine

Thrips tabaci, on onions and carnations
Mycterothrips floridensis, on velvet beans (Stizilobium sp.)
Liothrips.caryae and var., on hickories and pecan.
Oedaleothrips querci, on oaks. :
Haplothrips pini, on pines.
Treherniella orlando, on oaks.
Gynaikothrips uzeli, on Ficus sp.
Cryptothrips floridensis, on twigs,,buds and berries of Camphor.
Cryptothrips laureli, in similar situations on bays. (Tamala sp.)
are confined to, or show a marked preference'for, one or a few
hosts.
Fourteen species (not including predators) are anthophilous,
showing a marked preference for' the blossoms of flowers.
Nine of these:
Frankliniella cephalica masoni Frankliniella stylosa
Frankliniella tritici Frankliniella insularis
Frankliniella tritici bispinosa Pseudothrips inequalis
Frankliniella occidentalis Haplothrips gowdeyi
Haplothrips humilis
are general feeders to be found in a large number of blossoms;
and five
Heterothrips aesculi, Aesculus pavia and Azalea nudiflora.
Thrips abdominalis, Compositae.
Thrips spinosus, Magnolia sp.
Bagnelliella yuccae, Yucca.
Neoheegeria verbasci, Verbascum sp.
are confined to, or show a marked preference for one" or two
species, genera, or a single family. Eight species (not including
predators)
Merothrips morgani Haplothrips citri
Phloeothrips floridensis Haplothrips funki
Hoplandrothrips funebris Trichothrips terminalis
Gnophothrips megaceps Barythrips sculpticauda
have always been found under the bark of trees, feeding largely
on dead wood or fungi. One has been found only on dried leaves
on the forest floor.
What are the factors which determine the ecological distribu-
tion of thysanoptera? In the case of those which feed on a
single species or genus of plants it would appear to be a ques-
tion of food; viz. the mullein thrips and Cuban laurel thrips,
and many poephilous species. But with the larger number that
feed on many species of plants it would seem that the botanical
relationships of the hosts have very little to do with the selec-
tion. In other words most thysanoptera are poor systematic
botanists. The physical characteristics of the plants or blos-
soms seem much more important and especially the presence

SUMMER NUMBER

of situations that satisfy the positive sterotropism of intersti.
tial species. Less important are the light reactions, for as Shull
first showed for one species, probably all _interstitial species
are strongly positive stereotropic. A few examples will suf-
fice. Our common flower thrips (F. tritici bispinosa) is found
in practically all blossoms,but shows a decided preference for
those affording good opportunities for concealment, or to be
more exact, situations which satisfy their positive stereoptrop-
ism. 'Their first choice is among the petals and stamens of
roses. The blossoms of tomatoes and other nightshades where
they can crowd down between the column of stamens and the
pistil is a favorite situation as is also the similar situation in
citrus blossoms where they sometimes swarm. I have counted
400 in a single orange blossom. Wisteria, and other blossoms
having a narrow, dry tube are great favorites. On the other
hand, wide trumpet or bell-shaped blossoms, like Tecoma, are
largely avoided, as are also those with a copious flow of nectar.
This comparative avoidance of wide open bells is instructive.
As rains are one of the most destructive factors in keeping
down the numbers of this thrips it might seem that the insects
seek shelter in tubular blossoms from possible showers. But
a pendant bell ought to furnish the best of shelters from rain.
Still the thrips are rare there, showing, it seems to me, that
the stereotropic reaction is the strong force which retains them
in certain blossoms. This species is by no means confined to
blossoms. It is sometimes very destructive to unfolding leaf
buds of pears and peaches, cowpeas, beans and especially pea-
nuts. One strain of peanuts is particularly liable to damage.
It has a somewhat more compact leaf bud than most peanuts.
Another interesting species in this connection is Heterothrips
aesculi, which is found in abundance in the blossoms of the
southern buckeye, Aesculus pavia, and those of Azalea nudiflora
two plants not at all closely related but having similar blos-
soms, very long, narrow, dry tubes. It may be significant that
these two plants grow in similar ecological situations, open
woods in alluvial soil along streams. But with this possible ex-
ception I can find no evidence that the distribution of thysanop-
tera corresponds in the least with ecological formations or socie-
ties as recognized by ecologists. The same grass inhabiting
species for instance, will occur in open places in our hammocks,,

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

in the piney flat woods, in the swamps, or the sand dunes along
the coast, altho the grass hosts may be' quite different.
It would seem that it is possible for a species of thrips to be
crowded out of an otherwise favorable situation by the pres-
ence of another species. For instance, in the north, Frankliniella
tritici is reported to be particularly abundant among the
flowerets of the compositae. In Florida, its variety bispinosa
at least, is comparatively rare in the heads of compositae which
usually swarm, with Thrips abdominalis, a species absent from
the north.
The phototropic reactions are sometimes a factor in determin-
ing the local distribution of thrips. In contradistinction to the
results of Shull in Michigan working with F. tritici, I find the
var. bispinosa much more abundant on the south side of an ex-
posed orange tree. If the tree is shaded by adjoining ones there
is no such difference. Furthermore, they are very rare in the
interior of a tree. Oranges from the inner branches very rarely
show the characteristic thrips marks.
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
There are twelve species of West Indian or Central American
(Neotropical) thysanoptera found in Florida. Only one,
(Aleurodothrips fasciapennis) extends beyond the state limits.
Two more (Hindsiana melaleuca and Symphyothrips punctatus)
reach central Florida. All three are predaceous. Nine,
Selenothrips rubrocinctus Hoplandrothrips xanthopoides
Franklinella cephalica var. Haplothrips gowdeyi
Franklinella occidentalis Haplothrips merrilli
Franklinella stylosa Gynaikothrips uzeli
Franklinella insularis
are strictly limited to the tropical life zone of extreme southern
Florida. In addition there are four species which belong to
this Neotropical fauna that seem to be confined to Florida as
far as we now know. Thus there are 15 species which belong
to this Neotropical fauna.
What limits their spread north? Only four of them are re-
stricted to food plants not found farther north. Six are general
plant feeders and as far as food is concerned could spread to
Canada. This is also true of the remaining five which are preda-
ceous. Evidently food is not the usual determining factor.
Neither is it the lack of suitable habitats. One species partic-
ularly (F. cephalica var.) is abundant in south Florida, in all
(Continued on page 27)

Jbhe
FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
Official Organ of The Florida Entomological Society, Gainesville,
Florida.

J. R. W ATSON................................. ..-...-....-........................Editor
WILMON NEWELL .........-........................- ..... Associte Editor
A. N. TISSOT ---.....-..-.......--...............--..............Business Manager
Issued once every three months. Free to all members of the
Society.
Subscription price to non-members is $1.00 per year in ad-
vance; 35 cents per copy.

DECREASE OF THE CITRUS APHID DURING SUMMER
During the three years that the Citrus aphid has been a spe-
cial object of study it has been observed that their numbers
greatly diminish during the summer. Heretofore this has been
ascribed entirely to the ravages of fungus diseases, especially
Empusa. In this number of the Entomologist Mr. Tissot shows
that it is also due in part to the slowing up in growth and breed-
ing during the summer. Mr. Miller and Mr. Thompson work-
ing at Lake Alfred have also observed that heavy rains are very
destructive, the aphids being knocked off the foliage and pounded
to death on the ground. Following a heavy (4 inch) rain at
Lake Alfred they could find live aphids only iA the curled leaves
where they were more or less protected. With these three fac-
tors holding them down, 1. Empusa and other fungus diseases.
2. Slowing down of the rate of growth and reproduction, and
3. the direct action of heavy rains, it does not seem probable that
this aphid will ever become severely epidemic during the sum-
mer.

ENTOMOGENOUS FUNGI
There has just come to the editor's desk a copy of "Studies
in Entomogenous Fungi, VIII: Notes on Beauveria," by Dr. T.
Petch (Trans. British Mycological Society, Vol. X, part IV). Dr.
Petch places our chinchbug fungus in this genus. It therefore
becomes Beauveria globulifera (Speg.) Picard.

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE LIFE HISTORY OF
THE CITRUS APHID (Aphis Spireacola Patch)
By A. N. TIsSOT
During the fall of 1925 and the winter and spring of 1926
some life history work on the Citrus aphid was conducted by
the writer at the Experiment Station at Gainesville. The ex-
periments were conducted wholly out of doors and the results
obtained vary somewhat from those previously obtained under
insectary conditions. The reason for carrying on the experi-
ments in the open was in order that the aphids might be under
as nearly natural conditions as possible. It was also possible to
rear a much larger number of aphids here than could have been
reared in the insectary. The aphids of which records were
kept were caged in cloth bags to prevent them from wandering
away and getting lost and also to prevent other aphids from
mingling with them and thus destroying the records.
It was found that the time necessary for the nymphs to de-
velop to maturity varied greatly at different times of the year.
Likewise the average daily production of young and the total
number of young produced showed a wide variation. In Novem-
ber the average development period of 15 individuals was 8.8
days. In March for 32 individuals it was 13 days. During the
first half of April it required an average of 7.1 days for 129
individuals to become mature and during the first half of May
when development was most rapid the average of 42 aphids
was 6.7 days. In November the average number of young pro-
duced by 9 individuals was 34 and the average daily production
was 2.7. In March the average number of young produced by
9 females was 62.9 with a daily average of 3.9. During April 12
females showed an average production of 70.8 with 4.1 for the
average daily production and during the month of May the av-
erage number of young produced by 43 females was 40.9 with
the daily average 4.1.
The most important factors governing both the rate of devel-
opment and the rate of reproduction are the condition of growth
of the leaves upon which they are feeding and the weather con-
ditions, particularly temperature. When the leaves upon which
the aphids are feeding are tender and succulent the aphids grow
more rapidly, attain a larger size and give birth to more young
than when the leaves are more nearly mature. That tempera-
ture is an important factor is evident by comparing the first

SUMMER NUMBER

half of March, with the first half of M1\ay.. The mean tempera-
ture for the period in March was 54.8 degrees and it required
on an average 13 days for the nymphs to reach maturity. In
the first half of May the mean temperature was '73.2 degrees
and only 6.7 days was required' on the average for the nymphs
to mature. On the other hand if'the temperature is too high
it retards the development of the nymphs and has a very marked
effect upon the number of young produced. Thus during the
second half of May when the average maximum' temperature
was about 90 degrees the average number of young produced
by one female dropped to 26.7 while the average for the first
half of the month was 55.8 young. It is true that the growth
on which the aphids were feeding was more mature during the
last half of the month but there was a noticeable decrease in
the number of young produced by those females which were lo-
cated on the few tender shoots remaining. It is not probable
that the hot weather kills the aphids outright but the fact that
there is such a marked decrease in the production of young and
a shortening of the life of the aphids means that there will be
a decrease in the severity of the general aphid infestation.

ECOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF
THYSANOPTERA OF FLORIDA
(Continued from page 24)
blossoms where it replaces F. tritici bispinosa, occupying the
same habitats and with apparently identical habits. The fac-
tor may be temperature and especially the absolute winter min-
imum of a series of years, say a sun-spot cycle. This is appar-
ently a more important factor than the sum total of effective
temperatures, and is the one which determines the northward
migration of orange and mangrove trees and the velvet bean
caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatilis.
With the exception of this neotropical fauna the thysanoptera
of North America almost completely ignore Merriams' zones.
Of the 80 odd species of thrips in Florida, only five are "native
sons" of California or Arizona, which with all but the tip of
Florida are placed in the austrial zone, while 17 reach Massa-
chusetts; 31 Maryland, and 5 northern Europe. It is thus seen
that the thysanopterous fauna of Florida is much more closely
related to that of Massachusetts than to that of California, and
as closely related to that of northern Europe.

28 THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST l

A NEW HAPLOTHRIPS FROM ABYSSINIA'i
During March, 1924 the writer received from the U. S. Fed-
eral Horticultural Board several specimens of a Haplothrips
collected by H. Y. Gouldman from sorghum seed from Abyssinia,
(F. H. B. No. 49460). As they did not seem to fit the descrip-
tion of any species known to the writer, one was sent to Dr. H.
Priesner of Linz, Austria, one of the foremost authorities on
European and African Thysanoptera. Dr. Priesner pronounced
it to be an undescribed species.

Haplothrips abyssianae sp. nov.
Female: General body color, an almost uniform chestnut brown (Ridge-
way's color standard). Antennal segment 3 and fore tibia and tarsi a trifle
lighter; tube darker. Head a trifle longer than broad; cheeks slightly
arched, provided with a number of rather long but pale bristles. Vertex
rounded, very faintly striate posteriorly. Post-ocular bristles longer than
the eyes, but pale, pointed. Frons rounded, protruding considerably be-
tween the antennae and partially covering their base, bearing the anterior
ocellus at the apex. Eyes dark, of medium size, non-protruding, non-pilose.
Ocelli very large (25 microns in diameter), situated far forward. The pos-
terior pair contiguous with the inner margins of the eyes which are in-
dented to receive them. Mouth cone rather long, reaching nearly to the
mesosternum.
Antennae about 1.6 times as long as the head; segment 1 short, coni-
cal; 2 rather abruptly contracted to a broad, obliquely set peduncle; 3 vase-
shaped with a constriction just below the middle; 4 obovoid; 5, ob-
long ovate; 6 and 7 narrowly cylindrical; 8 conical, broadly joined to 7.
Segments 4 to 7 have broad, short peduncles. 8 has a serrate outer mar-
gin. Segment 3 is a considerably lighter brown than the others and has
a colorless apex, as has also 4. Sense cones rather large, but colorless.
Bristle short and colorless.
Prothorax shorter than the head and, including coxae, about twice as
wide as long. Each anterior angle is provided with a single, heavy bristle
of about the length and color of the postocular bristle, sharp pointed as are
all bristles of the body. There are two somewhat heavier bristles on each
posterior angle.
Mesothorax wider than the prothorax, sides nearly straight and parallel.
Metathorax somewhat narrower than mesothorax, sides slightly arched.
Legs rather slender. Fore femora considerably enlarged, especially in
lateral view. Fore tarsus with a minute tooth.
Wings large and powerful, the membrane of the fore pair reaching the
base of the tube; pale yellow, with a chestnut brown area at the extreme
base; unusually deeply constricted (to a width of less than half of that
near the apex and base) in the middle; except at the base, fringed with
long hairs, about 5 (4 to 6) inter-located ones. Three conspicuous, yel-
lowish brown, pointed bristles and two smaller ones on each scale.

SUMMER NUMBER

Abdomen widest at about segment 5. Tube nearly as long as the head.
A pair of terminal bristles nearly as long as the tube, the others much
shorter.
Measurements: Total body length 2.1 mm. Head, length .24 mm.;
width .22 mm.; prothorax, length .19 mm., width (including coxae) .38
mm.; .mesothorax, width .47 mm.; metathorax, width .43 mtm.; abdomen,
greatest width, ,54 mm.; tube, length, .228 m~m.; width at base, .09 mm.,
at apex. .045 mm. Antennae. total length .39 mm.
Segment: ..] 1 2' 2 31 -4 5 6 7 8
length: .. 37 58 72 1 75 66 66 57 40
width: .. 40 35 35 40 35 27 23 17 microns
Male: Very similar to the female, but a trifle smaller, abdomen more
narrow and tapering posteriorly from segment 2. Fore femora consider-
ably larger than in the female and the fore- tarsal tooth: much larger.
Measuremenrts: Total length 2 mm. Head, length .25.nmm.; width .214
mm.; prothorax, length .20 mm., width .35 mm.; mesothorax, width .384
mm.; metathorax, width .382 mm.; abdomen, greatest width .43 mm.; tube,
length .25 mm., width at base .08 mm., at apex .043 mm. Antennae, total
length .36 mm.
Segment: .. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
length: .32 61 68 63 63 61 57 40
width: d.. 32 34 34 37 30 24 21 17 microns
Described from five females and one male, taken from sorghum seed
from Abyssinia. Type in the author's collection, paratypes in the British
Musum and in the collection of Dr. Priesner, Linz, Austria.
The large, deeply constricted wings, long tube, and narrow, cylindrical
shape of antennal segments 6 and 7, and to a lesser degree 5, and the large
ocelli are characters of this species that command attention.

MEETING OF THE SOCIETY
The regular meeting of the Florida Entomological Society
was held in Science Hall, May 14, 1926, with vice-president
Grossman in the chair. The following members were present:
Dr. M. D. Leonard, visiting member, and Berger, Bratley, Good-
win, Grossman, Hubbell, Merrill, Montgomery, Tissot and Wat-
son. Mr. Goode and Mr. Brown were visitors.
The paper of the afternoon was given by Dr. Leonard, of the
Florida Agricultural Supply Co., on his experiences in Spain
with the Mediterranean Fruit Fly. He brought out the fact that
this insect increases in numbers during an unusually wet sea-
son. Since a wet season in Spain is much drier than any season
in Florida, one can imagine the damage this pest would do if it
ever should gain a foothold in Florida. Interest was added to
the talk by an excellent series of lantern slides.
H. E. BRATLEY, Secretary.