?5he

Florida Entomologist
Official Organ of the Florida Entomological Society
VOL. XXIII DECEMBER, 1940 No. 4

BAETINE MAYFLIES FROM FLORIDA
(EPHEMEROPTERA)1
LEwIS BERNER
(Continued from Vol. XXIII, No. 3, page 45)
BAETIS Leach
Baetis australis Traver
Three adults of Baetis australis have been collected recently.
This is the only Florida species of Baetis in my collection in
which the middle abdominal segments of the male are not pale.
One of these adults was reared from a nymph which bears a
close resemblance to the nymph of B. spinosus and from the cast
skin (in very poor condition), I can see no significant differences
between the two immatures.
Locality records: Alachua Co., Gainesville (adult, March 23
and October 6, 1939), 6 miles N. E. Gainesville (adult, October
28, 1939).
Baetis spinosus McDunnough
This is the most widely distributed species of Baetis in Flor-
ida; nymphs can be found in almost any permanently lenitic
situation dwelling amid vegetation, debris, pebbles, etc. Mc-
Dunnough (1925) described only the male imago of B. spinosus.
I have definitely associated both female and nymph with the male
and am including here the description of these undescribed
forms.
The dried males from Florida agree well with the description
of this species, but alcoholics show a yellowish head marked with
blackish-brown; turbinate eyes orange; mesothoracic and meta-
thoracic wings brownish at base; tergites 7-9 with two pairs of
submedian yellow spots; tergite 10 sometimes paler than 7-9.
FEMALE IMAGO (in alcohol):
Measurements: Length of body-4.5-5.7 mm.; length of wings-4.6-5.3
mm.; length of caudal filaments-6.7-7.0 mm.

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

Head: Mostly red-brown; large, triangular, red-brown area between
lateral ocelli; region between compound eyes mostly red-brown but this
red-brown area separated from eyes by yellowish-brown bars; bars continu-
ous just behind the lateral ocelli forming a large, U-shaped figure. Yellow-
ish area at mid-posterior margin of head; sides of head below compound
eyes red-brown. Red, transverse mark on face below antennal base. Two
basal antennal segments red-brown; flagellum dusky.
Thorax: Dorsum brown with limited markings. Venter yellowish-
brown.
Wings: In mesothoracic wing, C, Sc, and R1 yellow; other veins paler.
Venation and angle of metathoracic wing as in male; base of wing brownish.
Legs: Yellowish-white, tarsi dusky at joining.
Abdomen: Dorsum red-brown. On tergites 2-10, short submedian pale
lines extending diagonally from anterior margin; these lines followed by
pale submedian spots; lines and spots becoming smaller on successive seg-
ments. Venter red brown laterally; extending along mid-ventral region,
a broad yellowish line continuous from metathorax to end of body; this
line broad anteriorly becoming gradually narrower posteriorly.
Caudal filaments: White, unmarked.

NYMPH (in alcohol) :
Measurements: Length of body-4.6-6.6 mm.; length of caudal fila-
ments-2.5-3.0 mm. (fig. 10).
Head: Brown, marked with yellow; lateral margins of mandibles
grayish-brown, yellowish in front; labrum tinged with gray-brown; clypeus
brownish; area between antennal bases from clypeus to middle ocellus
yellowish. Lateral margins of head and region below antennal base brown.
Epicranial suture yellow. Median ocellus blackish-brown on dorsal margin
of base, remainder white; lateral ocelli with base blackish-brown except
on outer margin, remainder white. Upper portion of compound eye reddish-
brown. Two basal antennal segments brown; flagellum yellowish. Second
segment of labial palp greatly dilated (fig. 11).
Thorax: Pronotum mostly brownish, marked with tan. Median suture
tan with tan triangle at its middle, apex pointing posteriorly. Two sub-
median, tan areas; lateral to these, two large tan areas. Mesonotum
brown; median suture yellowish; pale brown, V-shaped marking between
bases of wing pads; light brown area at base of wing pads; a pair of
submedian, pale brown spots posterior to the V. Metanotum brown;
yellowish-brown at anterolateral margins; wing pads yellowish. Pleura
brown. Prosternum light yellowish; grayish-brown along posterior margin.
Mesosternum mostly yellowish; grayish-brown anterolateral areas continu-
ous with grayish-brown pleura; the entire marking forming a semicircle
about base of leg; grayish-brown area medial to coxa, this tending to join
the semicircle formed by pleural marks. Metasternum mostly yellowish;
grayish-brown along posterior margin; semicircle formed with pleural
markings as on mesosternum.

VOL. XXIII-No. 4

Legs: Coxa mostly brown; trochanter yellowish; femur yellowish with
a single, brown band about one-third distance from distal end; brownish
markings at distal margin; tibia yellowish, triangular yellowish-brown area
in proximal, anterior portion, also distal, pale brown ring; tarsus yellowish
with brownish, distal ring. Claws yellowish-brown; denticulate.
Abdomen: Tergites 1, 5, and 10 predominantly yellow brown. Brownish
area on posterolateral margin of 1; tergite 5 brown near lateral margin,
may have brown anterior margin; 10 brownish along anterior margin,
remainder yellowish-brown; other tergites grayish-brown, yellowish-brown
area on lateral margin. Yellow spot at mid-anterior margin of each
tergite; running diagonally outwards from each of these spots is a pair of
short pale lines; on segments 2-7, these lines may be obscured by pale
submedian patches extending from anterior margin for about half the
length of each of these segments; on each segment, a pair of submedian
pale spots posterior to the lines. These markings inconspicuous on pale
segments. Sternites almost same color as tergites; those of anterior seg-
ments mostly yellowish, particularly in median area; 10 entirely yellowish.
On more deeply marked posterior sternites, two pairs of small submedian
spots can be distinguished. Gills hyaline, tracheae prominent. Outer mar-
gin with slight brownish coloration, this may spread faintly over basal
portion of gill (figs. 12, 13).
Caudal filaments: Short and thick. Yellowish, brown basally; deep
brown band in outer third; tips of filaments brownish.
Locality records: Alachua Co., Gainesville (nymphs, March,
April, May, September, October, November, 1937; nymphs, Jan-
uary, adults February, March, July, August, 1938; adults, Feb-
ruary, March, April, November, 1939), Hatchet Creek (nymphs,
May, 1937; adults February-May, July, November, 1938; adult,
March, April, June, October, 1939), Santa Fe River at Poe
Springs (nymphs, March, 1937; adults, March, 1938; adults,
February, March, October, 1939; adults, March and April,
1940); Bay Co., 14.1 miles N. Panama City (nymphs, June 8,
1938), 25 miles N. Panama City (nymphs, June 8, 1938) ; Citrus
Co., 1.5 miles south of Withlacoochee River (nymphs, March 25,
1938); Clay Co., Green Cove Springs (nymphs, October 15,
1938, F. N. Young) ; Columbia Co., Falling Creek (nymph, Feb-
ruary and November, 1938; nymphs, June 30, 1939) ; Gadsden
Co., River Junction (nymph, March 17, July 1, adult, June 30,
1939) ; Gilchrist Co., Suwannee River (nymphs, March 4, 1939) ;
Hamilton Co., White Springs (nymphs, February 4, 1938),
Jasper (nymphs, February 4, 1938) ; Hernando Co., southern
county line (nymphs, March 27, 1938) ; Hillsborough Co., Six-
Mile Creek (nymphs, November 20, 1937, L. J. Marchand;
adults, March 26, 1938), Bell Creek (nymphs, March 26, 1938),
Little Fish-hawk Creek (nymphs, March 26, 1938), Alafia

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

(nymphs, March 26, 1938) ; Holmes Co., Sandy Creek (nymphs,
December 11, 1937; nymphs, June 9, 1938; adult, July 2 and
nymphs December 14, 1939) ; Jackson Co., Altha (nymphs, De-
cember 10, 1937; nymphs, July 1, 1939), Florida Caverns State
Park (nymphs, December 2, 1939) ; Jefferson Co.; Drifton
(nymphs, February 5, 1938); Leon Co., Tallahassee (nymphs,
March 16 and 17, 1939), 15.6 miles W. Tallahassee (nymphs,
June 5, 1938) ; Liberty Co., Little Sweetwater Creek (nymphs,
December 10, 1937; adults, June 10, 1938), 4.5 miles N. turnoff
to Torreya State Park (nymphs, June 10, 1938), Sweetwater
Creek (nymphs, July 1, 1939), near Ocklocknee River (nymphs,
March 16, 1939), 10 miles south of River Junction (March 17,
1939), Hosford (nymphs, March 17, 1939); Madison Co., 4.3
miles E. Jefferson Co. line (nymphs, February 5, 1938); Marion
Co., Withlacoochee River (nymphs, March 25, 1938); Nassau
Co., 19 miles N. Duval Co. line (nymphs, August 28, 1938, H. H.
Hobbs) ; Okaloosa Co., Crestview (nymphs, December 12, 1937),
5 miles west of county line (nymphs, June 7, 1938), Niceville
(nymphs, June 7, 1938); Sumter Co., 1 mile N. Sumter Co.
line (nymphs, March 27, 1938), Bushnell (nymphs, March 27,
1938); Taylor Co., Fenholloway River (nymphs, March 18,
1939) ; Washington Co., Holmes Creek (nymphs, December 11,
1937; nymphs, June 9, 1938; nymphs, July 2, 1939); Walton
Co., Portland (nymphs, April 3, 1938, H. H. Hobbs), Freeport
(adult, April 2, 1938, H. H. Hobbs), 15 miles west of Ebro
(June 7, 1938), 14 miles west of Freeport (nymphs, June 7,
1938).
These nymphs can be distinguished from other Florida spe-
cies by the shape and color of the gills, by the length of the
tails and intensity of the band on them, and by the dilated sec-
ond segment of the labial palp.
Baetis spiethi n. sp.2
DIAGNOSIS: Abdominal segments 2-6 of male imago hyaline
white; turbinate eyes red-brown at base; marginal veinlets in
first interspace of mesothoracic wings; projection on meta-
thoracic wing small, not curved; two longitudinal veins in hind
wing; genitalia of intercalaris type, but without tubercle on
basal segment of forceps. (Figs. 27, 29.)

21 take pleasure in naming this species for Dr. Herman T. Spieth, De-
partment of Zoology, College of the City of New York.

-VOL. XXIII-No. 4

RELATIONSHIPS: B. spiethi is obviously a close relative of
B. pygmaeus and B. macdunnoughi. Since the male of B. mac-
dunnoughi is undescribed, conclusions as to relationships with
this species must be based, for the most part, on the nymphs.
In this group of species, the nymphs are characterized by lanceo-
late seventh gills and dilated second segment of the labial palps.
The males of B. spiethi and B. pygmaeus are very similar and
the few rather minor characters in which they differ show clearly
that these two forms are closely related.
B. spiethi may be distinguished from B. pygmaeus by the
fact that, in the former, there are marginal veinlets in the first
interspace of the mesothoracic wing; the costal projection of
the metathoracic wing is small and not curved; a tubercle on
first forceps segment is absent; and the basal portion of the
turbinate eyes is red-brown. In pygmaeus, the veinlets are
absent from the first interspace; the costal projection is slightly
hooked; there is a well-developed tubercle on the first forceps
segment; and the basal part of the turbinate eyes is blackish.
B. spiethi is the first member of the pygmaeus group to be
recorded from the South. This species is almost as widely dis-
tributed in Florida as B. spinosus and the nymphs of the two
are usually coinhabitants of the smaller streams to which spiethi
seems more or less confined.
DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPIC MALE IMAGO (in alcohol):
Measurements: Length of body-3.3 mm.; length of wing-3.3 mm.;
length of caudal filaments-6.2 mm.
Head: Blackish-brown between posterior half of lateral ocelli and be-
tween compound eyes except for narrow, light-brown line along inner mar-
gins of eyes; this blackish-brown area triangular in shape with the apex
drawn out and extending to caudal margin of head. Ocelli ringed at base
with dark brown. Face brownish-gray; dark-brown semicircle around
upper side of antennal suture; area between antennal base and lower
portion of compound eye darker than frons. Turbinate eyes almost round,
only slightly dilated distally, dorsally orange; stalk rather long, proximal
third orange except for narrow red-brown band at base, remainder yellow.
Antenna ringed with white at base and at distal edge of first segment;
remainder of antenna blackish-brown.
Thorax: Neck membrane orange; pro- and mesonotum blackish-brown;
metanotum slightly paler. Prosternum blackish-brown between bases of
legs and in posterior region; intersegmental membrane orange. Meso-
sternum blackish-brown; metasternum dark brownish-gray. Pleura blackish-
brown; a large orange-brown area with flecks of white at base of meso-
thoracic wings in spiracular area.
Wings: Hyaline; in mesothoracic wing, C, Sc and R brown at base,
other veins colorless; short marginal veinlets present in first interspace;

54 THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

some of stigmatic cross-veins anastomosed; granulations present in stig-
matic area. Two longitudinal veins in metathoracic wing; costal projection
small, not curved; length 0.6 mm. (fig. 29).
Legs: White; femur and tibia of fore leg very slightly dusky; tarsi
and claws of all legs dusky.
Abdomen: Segments 2-6 hyaline-whitish; posterior half of sternite
6 with an irregular chalky-white pattern. Tergites 7-10 dark, reddish-
brown. Sternites 7-9 white with faint brownish shadings; on 9, dark brown
areas extending inwards from each side forming a pair of triangles, the
base of each running the length of the lateral border, the apex reaching
almost half-way to median line. Spiracles circled with black.
Genitalia: White; of intercalaris type but without tubercle on basal
forceps segment; distal forceps segment relatively long (fig. 27).
Caudal filaments: White, unmarked.
Variation: Granulations absent from mesothoracic wings; prosternum
with no orange coloration, instead, dark-brown much more extensive with
light brown occupying a limited area in middle; genitalia dusky; abdomen
semihyaline, white; tergite 6 red-brown along posterior border; pale mid-
dorsal line on 7-10; posterior tergites paler laterally.
Dried male imago: As alcoholic. Turbinate eyes dark red, no orange
discernable; abdomen yellowish-white.
DESCRIPTION OF ALLOTYPIC FEMALE IMAGO (in alcohol):
Measurements: Length of body-3.9 mm.; length of wing-3.8 mm.;
length of caudal filaments-4.5 mm.
Head: Pale; most of vertex covered with an irregular brown area
extending from between lateral ocelli to posterior margin of head, outer
borders form a continuous, brown, longitudinal line with short, brown
bars extending inward; pale spaces between bars and in mid-region of
vertex; posterior border of head margined with red-brown line, interrupted
at middle, and extending laterally a little beyond the longitudinal brown
lines; ocelli ringed with dark brown at base; brown stripe across face
between compound eye and base of antenna. Basal antennal segments
red brown; flagellum brownish.
Thorax: Pronotum light brown with a pair of broad, red-brown,
submedian lines. Mesonotum grayish-brown; median suture pale in anterior
half, remainder dark brown; scutellum pale. Metanotum grayish-brown.
Sternum light orange-brown. Pleura light brown; large red-brown spot
slightly anteroventral to base of fore wing.
Wings: Right fore wing with a single marginal veinlet in first inter-
space, veinlet absent from left wing; stigmatic area granulate. Meta-
thoracic wing minute; costal projection obsolescent.
Legs: As in male.
Abdomen: Dorsum brown with faint, reddish tinge; tergite 10 lighter
than others; pale median line running length of abdomen, more prominent
on segments 6-9; on tergites 3-8, a pair of pale submedian lines extending
obliquely caudad from anterior margin almost to submedian pale spot at
middle of segment. On segment 2, a pair of pale submedian spots at
anterior margin and on 9, a pair of submedian spots at middle of segment;
anterior border of middle tergites and anterolateral corners of each seg-
ment pale, also lateral borders pale, but this lateral pale line separated

VOL. XXIII-No. 4 55

from anterior pale area by brown markings in spiracular area. Venter
yellow with orange tinge; lateral margins of sternites reddish-brown;
anteriorly on each segment, this reddish-brown line extending inwards
for a short distance.
Caudal filaments: Yellowish-white.
DESCRIPTION OF MALE NYMPH (in alcohol):
The nymphs are very similar to those of B. pygmaeus and
B. macdunnoughi but the seventh gill of B. spiethi is longer and
narrower than that figured for the other two species (Ide, 1937),
and the apex of the sixth gill is acute, while in the others this
gill is more rounded.
Measurements: Length of body-3.0-4.2 mm.; length of caudal fila-
ments-2.2-2.8 mm. (fig. 5).
Head: Pale; developing turbinate eyes brownish-orange; a brown line
on vertex along inner side of turbinate eye extending from lateral ocellus
to posterior margin; brown submedian spots on posterior portion of vertex;
anteriorly, these spots enlarge and extend outwards to join the longitudinal
brown line; epicranial suture pale; triangular area between lateral ocelli
brown; gena and outer proximal portion of mandible brown. Antennae
pale. Second segment of labial palp dilated (fig. 8).
Thorax: Pronotum grayish-brown; wide, pale, median line; median
suture yellowish-white; two large, pale spots near posterior border on each
side of median line. Mesonotum grayish-brown; median suture yellowish-
white, much dilated in anterior half; small pale triangle extends from
each side of median suture near anterior margin, base of triangle on median
suture; arising at middle of median line, a pair of pale lines extend
obliquely forward almost as far as the apex of the submedian triangles;
thse lines producing a V-shaped mark in middle of mesonotum; just lateral
to these lines, a pair of large, elongate pale spots fusing anteriorly with
the oblique lines; near posterior portion of scutum another pair of small
elongate submedian spots; lateral to these spots a pair of large irregular
pale areas extending to edge of mesonotum; large pale spot at base of
wing pad; scutellum light brown. Metanotum gray brown; yellowish-white
under mesothoracic wing pad; median line narrow, yellowish-white. Pleura
brown; on metathoracic pleura, a pale inverted U-shaped mark. Sternum
pale.
Legs: Brownish-yellow; coxa shaded with brown; narrow brown band
in proximal fourth; wider band in distal portion; knee dark brown; tibia
with brown band beyond middle; wide brown band in proximal half of
tarsus. Claws strongly pectinate.
Abdomen: Tergites 2-4 predominantly grayish-brown; 6 and 7 brown;
other tergites light brown with large pale area. Tergites 1-7 with a median
brown spot near anterior border. A narrow, transverse, pale area at
cephalic border of 2-7; on segment 2, a small, pale, submedian area extend-
ing caudad from the transverse pale area; on tergites 2-7, a pair of pale
oblique lines extending posteriorly from brown median spot, these lines
progressively shorter posteriorly until they are reduced almost to spots
on tergite 7; a pair of pale submedian spots at middle of segment just
posterior to oblique pale lines on tergites 2-7; median, pale, triangular

6he

FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

Official Organ of the Florida Entomological Society
Gainesville, Florida

VOL. XXIII DECEMBER, 1940 No. 4

J. R. WATSON, Gainesville--.. ---------...................--...-..---. Editor
E. W. BERGER, Gainesville.........................--.. Associate Editor
J. W. WILSON, Belle Glade--...-..........-....-...---.. Business Manager
Issued once every three months. Free to all members of the
Society.
Subscription price to non-members is $1.00 per year in ad-
vance; 35 cents per copy.

area at posterior margin of tergites 3-5, 7-10; anterolateral corners of
tergites 2-9 and posterolateral corners of segments 2-7 pale. Tergites 5,
8-10 light brown'with large, pale, submedian area in anterior half; grayish-
brown stripe in middle of each of these segments. Venter unmarked; pale,
shaded with brown. Spines on posterior margins of tergites large and
coarse. Gills hyaline, dark brown on edges, shaded with gray brown at
base; apex of 6 acute; 7 lanceolate; tracheae prominent in all gills; occa-
sionally gills 1 and 2 reddish-brown (figs. 6, 7, 9).
Caudal filaments: Outer filaments long, brownish-yellow; brown bar
at middle; distal to this, a yellow band followed by brown extending to
tip, but becoming paler distally; brown band in distal third of middle fila-
ment, tip brown; in basal half of outer filaments, joints ringed with brown.
In some nymphs, basal portion of caudal filaments may be banded with
alternate light and dark bands; brown median band may be broken by
a narrow, pale band.
DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE NYMPH (in alcohol):
The female nymphs differ from the male in having pale
oblique lines and spots on tergites 2-10; lines on 10 reduced to
pale submedian spots on cephalic border; all tergites uniformly
colored; in some specimens, pale median line on segments 8
and 9.
Holotype-male imago, in alcohol. Alachua Co., Gainesville
(August 2, 1939). In collection of Museum of Comparative
Zoology.
Allotype-female imago, in alcohol; reared. Columbia Co.,
Falling Creek (November 13, 1938). In collection of Museum
of Comparative Zoology.
Paratypes-14 males, 36 females; 9 males and 20 females
in collection of Museum of Comparative Zoology, others in

VOL. XXIII-No. 4

author's collection. Alachua Co., Hatchet Creek (5 females,
April 2, 1938; 14 females, April 18, 1938; 1 female, September
14, 1938; 1 male, November 13, 1938; 1 male, March 22, 1939;
1 female, March 5, 1939; 4 males, 3 females, April 13, 1939;
5 males, May 6, 1939; 2 males, 3 females, October 11, 1939);
Gainesville (5 females, August 9, 1938; 1 male, 2 females, March
18, 1940) ; Madison Co., Aucilla River (1 female, June 4, 1938);
Walton Co., Freeport (1 female, April 2, 1938, H. H. Hobbs).
Locality records: Alachua Co., Worthington Springs
(nymphs, May 12, 1937), Gainesville (nymphs, April 4 and
adults November 8, 1937; nymphs, January-March, adults, Au-
gust, 1938; nymphs, January, March and adults, August, 1939),
Hatchet Creek (adults, February-May, September, November,
1938; adults, March-June, October, 1939), Santa Fe River
(nymphs, February 5, 1939, J. M. Martin); Bay Co., 26 miles
N. Panama City (nymphs, June 8, 1938) ; Bay Co., 26 miles N.
Panama City (nymphs, June 8, 1938) ; Columbia Co., Falling
Creek (nymphs, June 30, 1939) ; Hamilton Co., White Springs
(nymphs, February 4, 1938), Jasper (nymphs, February 4,
1938) ; Hernando Co., at southern county line (nymphs, March
27, 1938) ; Hillsborough Co.,. Hurrah Creek (nymphs, December
27, 1937, L. J. Marchand; nymphs, March 26, 1938), Mullis City
(nymphs, December 31, 1937, L. J. Marchand), Bell Creek
(nymphs, March 26, 1938), Little Fish-hawk Creek (nymphs,
March 26, 1938); Holmes Co., Sandy Creek (nymphs, December
14, 1939); Jackson Co., Altha (nymphs, June 9, 1938; adult,
July 1, 1939), Florida Caverns State Park (nymphs, December
2, 1939); Jefferson Co., Drifton (nymphs, February 5, 1938),
Ward (nymphs, June 5, 1938), Aucilla River at Jefferson-
Madison Co. line (nymphs, June 4, 1938); Liberty Co., Sweet-
water Creek (nymphs, July 1 and December 1, 1939); Marion
Co., Rainbow Springs Run (nymphs, March 9, 1940) ; Okaloosa
Co., Crestview (nymphs, December 12, 1937), 5 miles W. county
line (June 7, 1938); Wakulla Co., Smith Creek (nymphs, June
5, 1938); Walton Co., Ebro (nymphs, June 7, 1938), Freeport
(adult, June 7, 1938) ; Washington Co., Holmes Creek (nymphs,
December 11, 1937; nymphs, July 2, 1939).
Baetis intercalaris McDunnough
Among the materials at hand is a series of nymphs from
Northwest Florida which agree very well with Ide's description
(1937) of the immatures of this species. Another series of
nymphs from Central and Southwest Florida are quite similar

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

but differ in that the coloration of the caudal filaments is much
less intense; tracheae of gills more prominent; abdomen uni-
colorous and the pale areas are obsolescent.
I have been able to rear several females from the nymphs
occurring in Northcentral Florida; these have long intercalaries
in the first interspace and well developed metathoracic wings.
Locality records: Alachua Co., Santa Fe River at Poe Springs
(nymphs, May 21, 1934, J. S. Rogers; nymphs, March 24, 1937;
nymphs, March 12, 1938; nymphs, February 18 and March 25,
adults, October 3, 25, 1939; nymphs, March 1, 1940) ; Gadsden
Co., River Junction (nymphs, March 17 and July 1, 1939);
Hillsborough Co., Bell Creek (nymphs, March 26, 1938), Alafia
(nymphs, March 26, 1938) ; Jackson Co., Florida Caverns State
Park (nymphs, December 2, 1939) ; Jefferson Co., Drifton
(nymphs, April 1, 1938, H. H. Hobbs) ; Leon Co., Tallahassee
(nymphs, March 16, 1939) ; Liberty Co., Sweetwater Creek
(nymphs, November 4, 1938; nymphs, July 1 and December 1,
1939) ; Walton Co., 1.2 miles E. of Okaloosa Co. line (nymphs,
November 6, 1938).
PSEUDOCLOEON Klapalek
Pseudocloeon alachua n. sp.
DIAGNOSIS: Abdominal segments 2-6 of male imago hyaline
white, marked with brownish-red patches; forceps long and thin,
third segment as wide as distal portion of second; no inter-
calaries in first interspace of mesothoracic wing. (Fig. 24.)
RELATIONSHIPS: This species is close to P. parvulum, but
the absence of the leg markings from P. alachua and differences
in abdominal maculation easily separate the two.
DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPIC MALE IMAGO (in alcohol):
Measurements: Length of body-4.3 mm.; length of wings-4.0 mm.;
length of caudal filaments-7.6 mm.
Head: Turbinate eyes oval shaped; orange above; upper part of stalk
yellow; wide, basal ring of orange with narrow, brown band beneath this
on inner side. A pair of yellow longitudinal bands lying adjacent to eyes;
the yellow passing in front of eye and behind the lateral ocellus; vertex
brown medially; this brown area forking, a fork going to each lateral
ocellus; area between fork and middle ocellus light brown; face, between
antennae, brown; ocelli reddish-brown at base. Antennae tinged with
brown. Widest part of insect across turbinate eyes.
Thorax: Pronotum dark brown; pale medially and laterally. Scutum
of mesonotum fuscous with pale markings; anterolateral corners yellow;
pale area just cephalad of scutellum; scutellum slightly paler than scutum.
Metanotum slightly paler than mesonotum; large yellow areas at antero-

VOL. XXIII-No. 4 59

lateral margins. Sternum blackish-brown but lighter than mesonotum.
Pleura fuscous with yellow markings.
Wings: Hyaline; base of Sc and R brown, this brown coloring not
extending to humeral brace; other veins colorless. Stigmatic area cloudy;
the cloudiness extending throughout costal and subcostal spaces. In stig-
matic area, right wing has six cross-veins, left wing eight veins, of which
one pair is joined by a minute vein. No intercalaries in first interspace;
those of second interspace small, one of them quite inconspicuous.
Legs: White, lightly shaded with black. Coxa blackish-brown: tro-
chanter white, brown at joints; tibia of fore leg with blackish band near
distal end. Tarsal claws purplish-black.
Abdomen: Tergite 1 brown along anterior margin; tergites 2-6 and
posterior half of 1 hyaline white; 7-10 brown. Brownish-red lateral patches
on 2, 3, 5-7; on segments 2, 6, 7 these patches are much smaller than those
of segments 3 and 5; these patches tending to be somewhat elongate, those
on 3 and 5 almost as long as segment; a short brownish-red line at middle
of segments 4 and 6, faint on 4, more prominent on 6; a similar line at
posterior margin of 7. Spiracular openings on segments 2-6 dark. Sternite
1 brown anteriorly, hyaline white posteriorly; 2-6 hyaline white. Sternites
7-9 chalky white; 8 and 9 white in median area, brown laterally.
Genitalia: First segment of forceps brown at base, remainder white;
second forceps segment constricted at middle; distal segment rounded,
almost as wide as second segment. Penes cover not prominent.
Caudal filaments: White, unmarked.

DESCRIPTION OF DRIED MALE IMAGO:
Head: Eyes red brown; head fuscous; antennae brownish.
Thorax: Shiny fuscous; markings as on alcoholic specimen. Pleura
anterior to hind legs paler than other parts of thorax.
Wings: As in alcoholic.
Legs: As in alcoholic except that the tarsi are quite dusky.
Abdomen: Segments 2-6 yellowish-white, markings as in alcoholic;
tergites 7-10 shiny fuscous. Sternites 7-9 yellowish-white.
Caudal filaments: White.
Variations in male: Median markings on tergite 3; brown on posterior
sternites limited to narrow lateral areas. In some specimens all markings
absent from tergites 1-7 except lateral patches on 3 and 5.

DESCRIPTION OF ALLOTYPIC FEMALE IMAGO (in alcohol):
Measurements: Length of body-4.2 mm.; length of wings-4.3 mm.;
length of caudal filaments-6.2 mm.
Head: Yellowish-white; pale line bordering medial side of eyes also
pale, transverse bar between lateral ocelli. Antennae brownish; basal an-
tennal segment bordered distally with white ring. Ocelli black at base.
Head about as wide as pronotum.
Thorax: Pronotum yellowish; a brownish area forming an arc across
posterior portion. Mesonotum yellowish, median line brown; a large
reddish-brown triangle, the base lying on the cephalic border, the apex
pointing posteriorly and quite faint, lying along the median line; just
cephalad of the scutellum, a large brownish spot; scutellum pale yellow,
brown along posterolateral and anterolateral margins. Metanotum yel-

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

lowish; small reddish-brown spots at anterolateral corners. Pleura light
brown; reddish-brown patch anterior to middle and hind coxae. Prosternum
yellowish-white; meso- and metasternum yellowish; metasternum brownish
along anterior border.
Wings: Hyaline; all veins colorless; otherwise as in male.
Legs: Coxa and femur of fore leg brownish, remainder of leg slightly
shaded with brown; other legs pale, shaded with brown; claws purplish.
Abdomen: Yellowish-white, but mass of eggs giving abdomen a green
color. Lateral brownish-red patches on tergites 2, 3, 5-7. Those on 3
and 5 larger than others; median red spot on tergites 2-4, elongated into
dash on tergites 6 and 7. Sternites 1-6 yellowish-white; posterior sternites
white with only slight, yellowish tinge.
Caudal filaments: White.
DESCRIPTION OF NYMPH (in alcohol):
The nymphs of P. alachua are usually associated with B.
spinosus and B. spiethi in the smaller sand-bottom creeks.
Measurements: Length of body-3.8-4.5 mm.; length of caudal fila-
ments-3.3-3.6 mm. (fig. 1).
Head: Turbinate eyes dull orange; a pair of submedian broken lines
extending almost to frontal suture, fusing here with the grayish-brown
which covers face; these lines overlapping the inner margins of eyes.
Median area of vertex pale; frons below median ocellus and between bases
of antennae pale; clypeus pale, labrum grayish-brown. Basal antennal
segments tinted with gray; flagellum pale.
Thorax: Cervical membrane with a pair of oblique, ferruginous lines
extending inward from just back of middle of turbinate eyes. Pronotum
gray brown; broad, oblique, submedian, brown lines extending its length
and converging anteriorly; these lines broken at middle; narrow brown
lines coming off laterally from submedian lines; a pair of transverse brown
lines at anterior edge; yellowish spot at each corner; posterior pair sur-
rounded by brown markings. Mesonotum grayish-brown; along mid-line,
a large brown triangle about two-thirds length of mesonotum, its base
near anterior margin; this triangle ferrugineous in anterior portion, sides
dark brown. Just posterior to triangle, a large V-shaped brown mark,
the apex of the triangle lying at the base of the V; this V darkest at its
apex along mid-line where it forms a dark-brown rectangle; lateral to
triangle is a large roughly triangular area. On either side of mesonotum
a pair of small brown spots near anterior margin; an irregular ferrugineous
area over each pair of spots; lateral to arm of V and almost contiguous
to the wing pad, a brown spot; several pale spots at base of wing pad.
Wing pads brownish; widest part of body across wing pads. Metanotum
ferrugineous, a pair of submedian brown spots present. Pleura grayish-
brown; a ferrugineous patch anterior to middle and hind legs. Sternum
pale with a grayish-brown patch medial to middle and hind coxae.
Legs: Coxa yellowish; femur yellowish with large irregular grayish-
brown transverse band; faint distal gray band; tibia with pale gray, distal
band; tarsus yellow with faint gray band at middle; ferrugineous at join-
ing with claw; claws denticulate. Rather long, coarse, brown hairs along
posterior margins of femora.

VOL. XXIII-No. 4

Abdomen: Grayish-brown; tergites 3, 5, 6 with a pair of prominent
brownish-red patches, those on 3 and 5 quite large; sometimes a pair of
obsolescent patches present on 7. Tergites 2-7 with a pair of pale areas
at posterior border; on tergites 2-7, five pale spots at anterior border;
on 8 and 9, three pale spots at this border. The anterior and posterior
pale spots of tergite 4 coalescing to form a pair of large, lateral, pale
patches. On segments 1-10, a pair of submedian brown spots at middle
of segment, obsolescent on 1 and elongate on 10; on 5-9, a brown line
running from anterior border toward each brown spot. On segments 5-7,
a pale spot just lateral to the brown spots, on 8 the spots at anterior
border fused with these other spots forming two large pale areas. A brown
longitudinal line under medial edge of gills 1-7; these lines also present
on 9; tergite 10 brown at anterolateral corners; tergites 2-4, 6-9 with
median brownish-red mark; elongated on 2, 6-9; tergite 8 slightly ferru-
gineous along posterior margin; lateral portions of segments 2-8 beneath
gills mostly pale, but 4-8 with grayish anterior and posterior corners.
Sternites pale; 2-8 with a pair of brown submedian spots at middle; an-
terior to these a pair of oblique dashes. Gills hyaline with slight, brownish
tinge in basal half. Tracheation prominent (figs. 2, 3).
Caudal filaments: Pale; a very slight indication of alternate light
and dark bands. Median filament longer than width of lateral at base.

Holotype-male imago, in alcohol; reared. Alachua Co.,
Gainesville (April 12, 1939). In collection of Museum of Com-
parative Zoology.
Allotype-female imago, in alcohol; reared. Alachua Co.,
Gainesville (April 12, 1939). In collection of Museum of Com-
parative Zoology.
Paratypes-25 males, 25 females; 15 males and 15 females
in collection of Museum of Comparative Zoology, others in
author's collection. Alachua Co., Gainesville (9 males, 3 fe-
males, March 23, 1939; 5 males, 7 females, April 12, 1939; 6
males, 5 females, April 20, 1939; 2 males, March 18, 1940)'
Hatchet Creek (1 female, April 1, 1939; 1 female, April 13,
1939; 1 female, May 6, 1939; 1 male, June 24, 1939; 1 male,
1 female, October 11, 1939) ; Marion Co., Rainbow Springs Run
(1 male, 6 females, March 9. 1940).
Locality records: Alachua Co., Gainesville (nymphs, March
and April, 1937; nymphs, February, 1938; nymphs, February,
June, adults, March, April, 1939; adults, March, 1940), Hatchet
Creek (nymphs, May, adults, April, June, October, 1939) ; Her-
nando Co., southern county line (nymphs, March 27, 1938);
Hillsborough Co., Little Fish-hawk Creek (nymphs, March 26,
1938), Bell Creek (nymphs, March 26, 1938), Six-Mile Creek
(nymphs, March 26, 1938), Hillsborough River (nymphs, Feb-

THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST

ruary, 1939, L. J. Marchand) ; Madison Co., 4.3 miles north of
county line (nymphs, February 5, 1938) ; Marion Co., Withla-
coochee River (nymphs, March 25, 1938), Rainbow Springs Run
(adult, March 9, 1940); Hamilton Co., Jasper (nymphs, Feb-
ruary, 1938).
REFERENCES
BANKS, NATHAN. 1900. New genera and species of nearctic Neuroptoid
insects. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 26: 245-251.
CLEMENS, W. A. 1915. Rearing experiments and ecology of Georgian
Bay Ephemeridae. Supp. to 47th Ann. Rep. Canad. Dept. Marine and
Fisheries. Fisheries Branch Sess. paper No. 39b, pp. 113-128, 2 pls.
EATON, A. E. 1883-87. A revisional monograph of recent Ephemeridae
or mayflies. Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Sec. Ser. Zool. 3: 1-352,
pls. 1-65.
IDE, F. P. 1930. Contributions to the biology of Ontario mayflies with
descriptions of new species. Canad. Ent. 62: 204-213, pl. 17.
IDE, F. P. 1937. Descriptions of eastern North American species of
Baetine mayflies with particular reference to the nymphal stage. Canad.
Ent. 69: 219-231, 235-243, pls. 8-12.
MCDUNNOUGH, J. 1925. New Canadian Ephemeridae with notes, III.
Canad. Ent. 57: 168-176, 185-192, pls. 4 and 5.
NEEDHAM, J. G., TRAVER, J. R., and Hsu, Y. 1935. The Biology of May-
flies. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca.
TRAVER, J. R. 1932a. Mayflies of North Carolina. Jour. Elisha Mitchell
Sci. Soc. 47: 85-236, pis. 5-12.
1932b. Neocloeon, a new mayfly genus (Ephemerida).
Jour. New York Ent. Soc. 40: 365-372, pl. 14.
1937. Notes on the mayflies of the Southeastern states.
(Ephemeroptera). Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 53: 27-86, pl. 6.

MEETING OF THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

On January 5, 1916, eleven men interested in entomology,
met at the University of Florida and formed the Florida Ento-
mological Society. The annual meeting of the Society will be
held on December 13 and 14, 1940, and at that time the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the founding of the organization will be
celebrated. An interesting program is being prepared and it
is hoped that many entomologists from Florida and other states
may be able to attend. The Annual Dinner will be an event of
Friday evening, December 13.
A. N. TISSOT, Secretary