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101
FG36c
December 1984 Floppy disc included with this Circular 609
42019146 item has been shelved separately.
C.- Consult LUIS or ask circulation
staff for assistance.
A Microcomputer Program
To Calculate the Relative Value
Of Feed Ingredients
COMPUTER SERIES
Dan W. Webb and Susan Phillips
IFAB
AN
operative Extension Service / Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences / University of Florida / John T.Woeste, Dean
101
F636c
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guide
RELATYIVYE VAL.UE OF FEED INGREDErIENTS
START-U.PF INSTRi.JCTIONS FOR IPr-PC & COMFPTIBLES
1. Boot Svstem
Insert Disi:
Tvoe' RELVAL
A MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM TO CALCULATE THE
RELATIVE VALUES OF FEED INGREDIENTS
by
Dan W. Webb and Susan Phillips*
INTRODUCTION
Balancing a least-cost ration takes time. Feed prices can change and
complicate the procedure. Knowing the price you can afford to pay for
alternative feeds based on their nutritional value can make the process
easier.
A microcomputer program is presented here that calculates the relative
values of feed ingredients given the price of three base ingredients. The
purpose of the program is to determine the price you can afford to pay for an
alternative feed ingredient which might act as a substitute for a base
ingredient. This program uses the percent crude protein (CP), crude fiber
(CF) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) of each ingredient to calculate the
relative values.
Operating the program is not difficult and results will be available in
a matter of seconds. Screen instructions provide initial help supplemented by
prompts for the prices of the three base ingredients. In addition to
determining the relative values of the 20 feed ingredients contained in the
program, the user may enter up to 6 additional ingredients.
Throughout this paper angle brackets, < >, identify responses that the
user enters on the keyboard. For most entries you type each letter or number
enclosed in the brackets. In the case of you should NOT type
E-N-T-E-R, but press the key marked ENTER.
While this program accurately calculates relative values as outlined
above, the authors accept no responsibility for any action which any user may
take based on the results of any given run of the program. The user is
completely responsible for any decision made using information generated by
this computer program.
NOTE: For start-up information and minimum system requirements refer to
Appendix A, page 10.
*Professor Extension Dairyman, former Computer Programmer; respectively, Dairy Science Department, IFAS, University of Florida,
Gainesville 32611
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES
INPUT DESCRIPTION
The prices ($/ton) of three base ingredients are required to calculate
the relative values. The base ingredients are:
soybean meal (44%),
cottonseed hulls and
shelled corn.
These prices are available from any commodities broker or anyone who
sells feed.
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Running the Relative Values program is simple. The program starts with a
screen displaying program title, credits, and other publication information
(see Figure 1). The second screen provides a brief description of the program
and instructions for entering data (see Figure 2).
FIGURE 1. TITLE PAGE
USER INSTRUCTIONS
GIVEN THE PRICE ($/TON) OF THREE BASE INGREDIENTS, THIS PROGRAM
CALCULATES THE RELATIVE VALUES OF 20 FEED INGREDIENTS AND THE
COEFFICIENTS FOR CRUDE PROTEIN(CP), CRUDE FIBER(CF) AND TOTAL
DIGESTIBLE NUTRIENTS(TDN). THE THREE BASE INGREDIENTS USED
ARE: SOYBEAN MEAL (44%), COTTONSEED HULLS AND SHELLED CORN.
AT THE END OF THE PROGRAM YOU MAY CALCULATE THE RELATIVE VALUES
OF UP TO 6 ADDITIONAL FEED INGREDIENTS OF YOUR CHOICE.
...............................................................
PRESS TO CONTINUE ==>?
FIGURE 2. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION
RELATIVE VALUES OF FEED INGREDIENTS
TRS80 MODEL III VERSION 1.0
WRITTEN BY
DAN W WEBB AND SUSAN PHILLIPS
DAIRY SOFTWARE CENTER
DAIRY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT IFAS
COPYRIGHT 1984 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA,
DIRECT INQUIRIES TO: FARM COMPUTER SUPPORT GROUP
FLORIDA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE
DO YOU WANT TO SEE INSTRUCTIONS (Y/N) ==>?
Data entry begins with the third screen. Here the program prompts you to
enter the prices for soybean meal, cottonseed hulls and corn. When all three
prices are entered the program prompts, DATA OK (Y/N)? (see Figure 3). This
allows you to verify data before continuing. A response indicates that the
prices are correct while a response indicates that the numbers are not
acceptable. For the latter case, the program asks for all three prices again.
RELATIVE VALUE OF FEED INGREDIENTS
ENTER PRICES ($/TON) FOR:
SOYBEAN MEAL (44%) ? 200
COTTONSEED HULLS ? 130
SHELLED CORN ? 170
DATA OK (Y/N) ? Y
FIGURE 3. SAMPLE INPUT FOR BASE INGREDIENTS
When all the data has been entered and verified, the program calculates
the relative values of 20 feeds and displays the results in table format as
shown in Figure 4. The coefficients for CP, CF and TDN are shown at the top of
the table, while the base feed prices are referenced at the bottom of the
table. An explanation of the coefficients is given on page 8.
$ COEFFICIENTS: CP .899633 CF 1.07785 TDN 2.00134
FEED REL
ALFALFA HAY
BARLEY
BERMUDA HAY
CORN PELLETS
CORN SILAGE
COTTONSEED(WHOLE)
COTTONSEED MEAL
DRIED BREWERS GRAIN
DRIED CITRUS
DRIED DISTILLERS
GRAIN SORGHUM
HOMINY FEED
VAL($/TON)
151
164
118
150
49
217
189
167
162
197
162
178
FEED
MOLASSES
OATS
PEANUT MEAL
SOYHULLS
SOYBEAN MEAL(49%)
SUNFLWR MEAL(40%)
WHEAT
WHEAT MIDS
REL VAL($/TON)
135
163
199
153
198
175
171
174
SBM @ $ 200
**BASED ON: CSHULLS 8 $ 130
CORN @ $ 170
PRESS ?
FIGURE 4. SAMPLE SCREEN OUTPUT FOR DEFAULT FEEDS
When you press the program asks if you would like to enter
additional feeds for evaluation (see Figure 5). If you answer the program
immediately goes to the last screen (see Figure 11). When you answer the
program gives you additional instructions for entering your own choice of
ingredients (see Figure 6). Figure 6 also shows a completed entry for Feed
Ingredient #1. As with the base ingredients the program lets you verify the
data before continuing. If you do not want to enter all 6 ingredients simply
type when asked for the feed name (see Figure 7). If you choose to
enter all 6 ingredients the program, after verifing the sixth feed, will go
immediately to the next screen display.
DO YOU WANT TO CALCULATE THE RELATIVE VALUES OF
ADDITIONAL FEED INGREDIENTS USING THE SAME BASE
INGREDIENT PRICES (Y/N) ==>?
FIGURE 5. CALCULATE ADDITIONAL VALUES
YOU MAY ENTER UP TO 6 FEED INGREDIENTS. FOR EACH INGREDIENT
ENTER THE PERCENT CRUDE PROTEIN, CRUDE FIBER AND TOTAL
DIGESTIBLE NUTRIENTS. ENTER THE PERCENT AS WHOLE NUMBERS.
FOR EXAMPLE, IF CRUDE PROTEIN IS 25% ENTER IT AS <25> NOT
<0.25>. IF YOU DO NOT WANT TO ENTER ALL 6 INGREDIENTS TYPE
WHEN ASKED FOR THE FEED NAME.
FEED INGREDIENT #1
NAME ? BRWR GRN(WET)
%CP ? 6.5
%CF ? 6.2
%TDN ? 17.0
DATA FOR FEED #1 OK (Y/N)? Y
FIGURE 6. INSTRUCTIONS AND SAMPLE INPUT FOR ADDITIONAL FEED
YOU MAY ENTER UP TO 6 FEED INGREDIENTS. FOR EACH INGREDIENT
ENTER THE PERCENT CRUDE PROTEIN, CRUDE FIBER AND TOTAL
DIGESTIBLE NUTRIENTS. ENTER THE PERCENT AS WHOLE NUMBERS.
FOR EXAMPLE, IF CRUDE PROTEIN IS 25% ENTER IT AS <25> NOT
<0.25>. IF YOU DO NOT WANT TO ENTER ALL 6 INGREDIENTS TYPE
WHEN ASKED FOR THE FEED NAME.
FEED INGREDIENT #4
NAME 7 STOP
FIGURE 7. ENDING ADDITIONAL INPUTS
The output for the user supplied feed ingredients is presented in the
same manner as the default ingredients. See Figure 8 for a sample screen
output using 3 additional ingredients. Press to continue to the next
screen.
$ COEFFICIENTS: CP .899633 CF 1.07785 TDN 2.00134
FEED REL VAL ($/TON)
BRWR GRN(WET) 46
SUPERFERM 156
RYE SEED(GRN) 162
SBM @ $ 200
**BASED ON: CSHULLS @ $ 130
CORN @ $ 170
PRESS ?
FIGURE 8. SAMPLE OUTPUT OF 3 ADDITIONAL FEEDS
The last screen display lets you print a hard copy of your results
(default plus user supplied ingredients), print a copy of the CP, CF and TDN
composition of each default feed and user supplied feed, run the program again
using different values or quit (see Figure 9). Select the desired option and
simply enter its number and press . See Figures 10 and 11 for sample
printouts. To print a hard copy on a single page, turn the printer on, leaving
a 1 inch top margin. Successive printings automatically start at the top of
the next page, IF the printer is initialized with a 1 inch top margin. When
printing is complete the last screen returns and you may again select from the
three options.
OPTIONS
<1> PRINT RELATIVE VALUES
<2> PRINT NUTRIENT COMPOSITIONS
<3> RERUN PROGRAM
<4> QUIT
ENTER SELECTION # ==>?
-- --------------------_____________________
FIGURE 9. ENDING OPTIONS
RELATIVE VALUES OF FEED INGREDIENTS
TRS80 MODEL III VERSION 1.0
WRITTEN BY
DAN W WEBB AND SUSAN PHILLIPS
DAIRY SOFTWARE CENTER
DAIRY SCIENCE DEPARTMENT IFAS
COPYRIGHT 1984 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
DIRECT INQUIRIES TO: FARM COMPUTER SUPPORT GROUP
FLORIDA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE
FEED REL VAL($/TON) FEED REL VAL($/TON)
ALFALFA HAY 151 GRAIN SORGHUM 162
BARLEY 164 HOMINY FEED 178
BERMUDA HAY 118 MOLASSES 135
CORN PELLETS 150 OATS 163
CORN SILAGE 49 PEANUT MEAL 199
COTTONSEED(WHOLE) 217 SOYHULLS 153
COTTONSEED MEAL 189 SOYBEAN MEAL(49%) 198
DRIED BREWERS GRAIN 167 SUNFLWR MEAL(40%) 175
DRIED CITRUS 162 WHEAT 171
DRIED DISTILLERS 197 WHEAT MIDS 174
USER SUPPLIED FEED INGREDIENTS
-==- --===-----=------=-= = 2====== ==
BRWR GRN(WET) 46
SUPERFERM 156
RYE SEED(GRN) 162
== = = ==--------==---=-=----==--=.
$ COEFFICIENTS: CP= .899633 CF= 1.07785 TDN= 2.00134
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>BASED ON: SOYBEAN MEAL(44%) @ $ 200
COTTONSEED HULLS @ $ 130
SHELLED CORN @ $ 170
PRINTED ON----03/13/84
FIGURE 10. SAMPLE PRINTOUT OF RELATIVE VALUES
NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF FEEDS USED IN CALCULATIONS
FEED % CP % CF % TDN
ALFALFA HAY 18.0 25.0 54.0
BARLEY 11.0 6.0 74.0
BERMUDA HAY 9.0 28.0 40.0
CORN PELLETS 9.0 6.0 68.0
CORN SILAGE 2.4 7.0 20.1
COTTONSEED(WHOLE) 21.0 17.0 90.0
COTTONSEED MEAL 41.0 12.0 70.0
DRIED BREWERS GRAIN 25.0 14.0 65.0
DRIED CITRUS 6.2 12.0 72.0
DRIED DISTILLERS 27.0 12.0 80.0
GRAIN SORGHUM 11.0 2.3 75.0
HOMINY FEED 10.6 4.5 82.0
MOLASSES 6.0 0.0 65.0
OATS 11.5 12.0 70.0
PEANUT MEAL 50.0 6.0 74.0
SOYHULLS 12.0 12.0 65.0
SOYBEAN MEAL(49%) 49.0 2.0 76.0
SUNFLWR MEAL(40%) 40.0 11.0 64.0
WHEAT 14.0 3.0 78.0
WHEAT MIDS 16.5 7.0 76.0
BASE FEEDS
SOYBEAN MEAL(44%) 44.0 4.0 78.0
COTTONSEED HULLS 4.0 43.0 40.0
SHELLED CORN 8.6 2.0 80.0
USER SUPPLIED FEEDS
BRWR GRN(WET) 6.5 6.2 17.0
SUPERFERM 10.0 3.0 72.0
RYE SEED(GRN) 12.0 3.0 74.0
FIGURE 11. SAMPLE PRINTOUT OF NUTRIENT COMPOSITIONS
INTERPRETING THE RESULTS
The relative value estimates the total nutritional value for each feed,
expressed in dollars, relative to the prices given for the combined three base
feeds. In this example, the relative value of Barley is $164 per ton compared
to the combination of soybean meal, cottonseed hulls and corn at $200, $130
and $170 per ton, respectively. This information tells the user that Barley
would be a good buy at $163 per ton or less, but would be overpriced at $165
per ton or greater.
Exercise caution when interpreting the relative values since each feed
ingredient is useful only if it provides the nutrients needed in a particular
ration. For example, Bermuda hay, primarily a fiber source, is valuable only
if fiber and roughage needs have not been met. After a minimum fiber level is
achieved, using Bermuda hay might be a liability. The relative values are
most useful when all three nutrients, crude protein, crude fiber and TDN are
needed in the ration.
METHOD OF SOLUTION
The formulas used to calculate the relative values are located in lines
2000 through 2170 of the program code. The complete program listing can be
obtained by listing the program from BASIC on your computer.
The calculation of relative values depends on the solution of three
simultaneous equations, one each for soybean meal, cottonseed hulls and corn.
The known quantities include the content (%) of crude protein, crude fiber,
TDN and price ($/ton) for each of the three base ingredients. These prices
are supplied by the computer operator. The solution finds three unknown
values, the relative value coefficients for crude protein, crude fiber and
TDN, which are common for all three equations. The form of the equations is
illustrated below:
.44a + .04b + .78c = Price for Soybean Meal
.04a + .43b + .40c = Price for Cottonseed Hulls
.86a + .02b + .80c = Price for Corn
a = relative value coefficient for crude protein,
b = relative value coefficient for crude fiber, and
c = relative value coefficient for total digestible nutrients
Once the values for a, b and c are calculated, they are substituted into
the following equation for each feed ingredient:
RV = (a CP) + (b CF) + (c TDN)
RV = relative value ($/ton)
CP = crude protein (%) a = protein coefficient
CF = crude fiber (%) b = fiber coefficient
TDN = total digestible nutrients (%) c = TDN coefficient
-8-
SUMMARY
In conclusion, the Relative Values of Feed Ingredients microcomputer
program can be run quickly and easily with results that indicate the price you
can afford to pay for alternative feeds given the price of soybean meal,
cottonseed hulls and corn. The program especially lends itself to finding out
how the relative values of ingredients will change if there is a price change
for any or all of the base ingredients.
IFAS SOFTWARE ORDERING PROCEDURE
The Relative Values of Feed Ingredients microcomputer program is
currently available on floppy disk for several types of microcomputers. To
obtain an order form for this program and for other IFAS programs, or for more
information, write to:
Farm Computer Support Group
c/o Dean John T. Woeste
Florida Cooperative Extension Service
1038 McCarty Hall
University of Florida
Gainesville, FL 32611
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APPENDIX A. START-UP AND MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS INFORMATION
MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: 48K Memory, 1 Disk Drive, Printer (optional)
RADIO SHACK START-UP INFORMATION (1 OR 2 DRIVES)
Cold Start
1. Turn computer on.
2. Put the program disk in Drive 0.
3. Press the reset button.
4. Enter the date. Enter the time or press ENTER.
Warm Start
1. From TRSDOS READY prompt type .
2. From BASIC Type .
3. Press ENTER
APPLE II+ START-UP INFORMATION (1 OR 2 DRIVES)
Cold Start
1. Put the program disk in Drive 1.
2. Turn computer on.
Warm Start
1. Type .
2. Press RETURN
NOTE: APPLE uses a key marked "RETURN" instead of ENTER.
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Notes
3 1262 04376890 1
o11
SCIENCE
LIBRARY
This public document was promulgated at a cost of $680.50 or 91 cents per copy, as documentation for the accompany-
ing microcomputer program. 12-750-84
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL
SCIENCES, K. R. Tefertller, director. in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture, publishes this Infor-
mation to further the purpose of the May 8 and June 30, 1914 Acts of Congress; and Is authorized to provide research, educa-
tlQnal Information and other services only to Individuals and Institutions that function without regard to race, color, sex or
national origin. Single copies of Extension publications (excluding 4-H and Youth publications) are available free to Florida
residents from County Extension Offices. Information on bulk rates or copies for out-of-state purchasers is available from
C. M. HInton, Publications Distribution Center. IFAS Building 664, University of Florida, Gainewllle, Florida 32611. Before publicizing this
publication, editors should contact this address to determine availability.
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