Louisa Fatio

Luisa Maria Phelipa Patrica Fatio, born March 17, 1797, Baptised March 26, 1797.
Daughter of Francisco Phelipe Fatio, Jr., native of London, England, son of
Francisco Phelipe and Maria Magdalena Crespel, and Susana Hunter a native of
Philadelphia U. S. A. daughter of Alexander and Sara Hull. Sponsors/Godparents
Gerard Forrester and Maria Magdalene Crespel Priest M. O'Reilly.

Source: English Briefs of Parish of Saint Augustine Baptismal Records (Entry
374) in Biographical File at Saint Augustine Historical Society
Library.

Fatio, Louisa Baot. 1

Godparent to Sarah, Mary, William, E'iza, George Capp 5?2h-1822; David A.
Dunham 5/1/-1840; Abigal Fleshman 1/1-'84l; Alfred F. Dunham l/1-18h2; Eliz.
A. Loring 11/30-184 ; Louisa F. Co!t 4/29-18h8; Emily and Mary Horton 4/10-1852

Source: Biographical File at Saint Augustine Historical Society Library

"It was during these twenty years of her ownership /Louisa Fatio/ that the
Fatio house became the favorite residence of important winter visitors and
is especially known for the repeated visits of the author Constance Fenimore
Woolson."

Source: Biographical File at Saint Augustine Historical Society Library.

Fatio, Louisa Will (1869)

1st "I desire to be buried in the plainest and least ostentatious manner in
our cemetery near Saint Augustine by the side of my Sister Eliza."
This provision is not included in your extract of the will and I
thought it interesting.

Source: Last Will and Testament of Louisa Fatio & 2 Codicils, November 14,
1869, April 1, 1870, February h, 1871. Courthouse Records, saint
Johns County, Florida, Order Book A, P. 251. Saint Augustine.

Fatio, Louisa

"Your cousin Louisa Fatio keeps a private boarding house in Saint Augustine. Sophia
Fatio her sister lives with her. Leonora married a Mr. Colt. She died in
Jacksonville in 18h7--left four of five children who stay with Louisa, their

- 2 -

father I believe does nothing for them which is very hard for poor Louisa."

Source: Letter to Martha Ann Gibson (Mrs. Clayborn Watkins) from L. Fleming,
Hibernia Florida June 9, 1855 at Saint Augustine Historical Society
Library.

Hotel Arrivals r/rom Nov 1, to Dec 157 At Miss Fatio's

Nov. 15 Mr. Williams, Boston, Mass.
" Miss Williams "
" Miss Loring "
" 25 Caleb Curtis, Paris, C.W.
" 27 Win. Dupont, Jacksonville, Fla.
" Miss Dupont, "
Dec. 8 Capt. R. C. Price, Quebec
Miss Price Total 8

Source: Saint Augustine Examiner (Saint Augustine), December 17, 1359, p. 2.

Hotel Arrivals /For the Week Ending Dec 227

Mr. & Mrs. Robt. Patterson, Phil.
Master R.M. Patterson "
Mrs. Nevins "

Source: Saint Augustine Examiner (Saint Au

At Miss Fatio's

Total U

igustine), December 24, 1859, p. 2.

Arrivals at the Hotels At Miss Fatio

Mr. & Mrs. Gilbert & Servant
Mr. J. Gilbert
Miss M. Gilbert

Source: Saint Augustine Examiner (Saint Augustine), December 15, 1866, p. 3.

Arrivals at the Hotel At Miss Fatio's

Rev. Mr. C/offer?], wife & child
E. T. Pawsey & wife
J. W. Mitchel
Mrs. P. S. Van Schaick

Source: Saint Augustine Examiner (Saint Augustine), December 26, 1868, p. 2.

- 3 -

"Last week a very daring burglary was committed at the house of Miss Fatio. The
dining room was was entered and a quantity of silver, crockery, knives &c were
stolen.
The thieves were interrupted by the opening of a door by one of the inmates
and left, after stripping one halp of the table."
The week before, the store of Mr. Ximanies was burglariously entered and
completely stripped of its stock.
A reward of $50, in each case is offered by the mayor for the apprehension
and conviction of the burglars. We are also authorized to state, that the
Mayor has offered a reward of $50, for the apprehension and conviction of the
thieves who broke into his potato hills and stole therefrom a quantity of
potatoes."

Source: Saint Augustine Examiner (Saint Augustine), January 30, 1869, p. 1.

Fatio House

"It was at one time the headquarters of the Galleon Club, as the arts club of
the city was then Known, and several artists have their studios there each year."

Source: Saint Augustine Sunday Record ? 1935. I found a reference to this
article, but I was not able to find the article itself.

Louis Fatio (The Negro Servant Boy ?)

Negro Servant of Francis Philip Fatio, Born in 1800, at his plantation New
Switzerland, on the Saint Johns River; of pure blooded African parents.

"I am donating to the kitchen of your old Fatio house a picture of the old
servant, Louis Fatio, who was accused of treachery at the Dade Massacre, leading
the company into ambush. I found the account of his returning to Jacksonville,
to find my grandmother, in an old Times-Uniop dated 1892."

Source: Letter to Judge David R. Dunham from Lina L' Engle Barnett, March 11,
1932 at Saintb'Augustine Historical Society Library.

See xeroxed materials on Louis Fatio. The extract from the above letter
indicates that he may be the Negro servant boy you are interested in,
If so, he is a very interesting character.

Sam'1l E. Stearns

Fatio House/D.*1886 Hotel S.E. Stearns, Prop.

Source: Biographical File at Saint Augustine Historical Society Library.

Joyce Elizabeth Harman, Historian
0oA s o p forL r / \ VA J. o/-p Historic Saint Augustine Preservation
L / i- od. Board
December 10, 1970

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52 5_1 J#4A W,~j cl TE EMpa BULLXTIN

THE IlAi;Jc LIFE OF UI 1CIEC N E FAkT1

B'r KENNETA W. PORTER e UL14,-

ONE of the most interesting,
and certainly one of the
most controversial figures,
brought to public attention by
the Seminole War, 1835-42, was
Luis Pacheco, guide to the de-
tachment under Maj. Dade which
was annihilated on Dec. 28, 1835,
at the beginning of the war, and
who was generally believed at the
time to have been in communica-
tion with the hostile Indians and
Negroes and to have thus contrib-
uted to the successful attack on the
troops. In an earlier article' I en-
deavored to clear up ihe problem
of his relations with the distin-
guished Seminole Indian chief
Wild Cat, subsequent to the so-
called massacre, alleged by Joshua
R. Giddings to have been close and
confidential, but which I endeav-
ored to show existed principally or
entirely in the author's imagina-
tion. My attention and the n1 "
rial available, was concentrated
upon Luis' life immediately pre-
ceding and following the most im-
portant event in his career. and the
information I was able to present
concerning his earlier lifo was
scanty, almost non-existent.
Material recently discovered
makes it possible to fill in rather
fully the personal background to
the historic and catastrophic events
in which he participated late in De-
cember, 1835. This authority is an
interview2 with Luis himself, at the
age of nearly 92, and his advanced

VJournal of Negro History, xxviii, 65,
72.
2The existence of such an interview
was suggested to me by the reference to
Luis in Minnie Moore Willson's The
SeminolW of Florida, Philadelphia, 1896,
pp. 17-18. I was unable to find the name
of' Luis Pacheco or any person of that
surname in the Jacksonville directories
o$r tie 1890s nor did any such name ap-
pear in the Index to the Florida Times-
U*e, prepared by the Florida Writers
Project, which I consulted in the Jackson-
ville Public Library, and which fortu-
nately extended back as far as 1895,
though no farther; Mrs. I'arita Doggett

years must be taken into considera-
tion in evaluating it. Even more
important, it must be kept con-
stantly in mind that on Luis' part
the interview was an occasion for
refuting the traditional ascription
to him of a part in the destruction
of Maj. Dade's force, a responsibil-
ity which at his advanced age, and
when he was an object of charity
from members of a family to which
he had formerly belonged, he nat-
urally found embarrassing and dis-
tressing.3 His story in any case,
however, gives us valuable insight
into race relations and slavery in
Florida over a century ago and is
a vivid portrayal, by the last sur-
viving eye-witness. of the first bat-
tle of the Seminole War.
luis was born a slave at New
Switzerland, the plantation of his
master Francis 'h'ilip Fatio, thirty
miles south of Jacksonville on Dee.
26b, 180Il. His pareT, %CCre either
born in Africa or were the descen-
dants of pur'e-blooded Africans.
His father. Adam. was a carpenter.
b)oat-buihiler. and driver. "a re-
narkably intelligent and ambitious
negro." His son shared these quali-
ties, bnt was "of a roving disposi-
tion that hated restraint." In his
early boyhood the daughter of the
house, Susan P1hilippa Fatio, taught
him to read and write. Being "am-
bitious to learn, and of quick per-
ception." lie acquired "a good deal

(;orse, supervisor of the project, however,
assured mo' that such an interview ex-
isted, although her files were inaccessible
at the time, the office being in the throes
of closing. Mrs. Katherine W. Lawson,
of the St. Augustine Historical Society,
was able to produce, immediately upon
my enii(|iy, an unidentified clipping
which revealed that at the time of his
death ILuis was going lby the surname of
Fatio, and with this hint the T imes-Union
index immediately bec-amu effective. My
thanks are due to this newspaper and to
the persons andi agencies above-men-
tioned.
BThe below is drawn from The Florid4
Times-Union, Oct. 30, 1892 (interview),
and Jan. 8, 1895 (obituary).

... of book learning." Another im-
portant influence on his life was
the Seminole Indians, who used to
visit the plantation and whose
"free-and-easy roaming life" at-
tracted him. An older brother had
been carried away by the Indians
and lived with them for twenty
years, and, when he began to visit
the Fatio plantation, could not
speak English; from him Luis.
picked up a good deal of the In-
dian language. Luis also had a sis-
ter among the Indians. It was not
surprising that a youth of this tem-
perament and background should
have frequently run away to live
with the Indians for greater or
lesser periods of time.
Luis married early, a slave-girl
belonging to Ramon Sanchez of St.
Augustine, w li o "subsequently
purchased her liberty." Luis, a
slave and the son of slaves, was
thus the husband of a free Negro
woman and the brother of a sister
and brother enjoying the freedom
of life among the Indians. It was
natural that he should compare his
condition with theirs. His wife
live I at St. Augustine. and one
year in November, Luis ran away
to see her. To be sure, in a munth
or so it would have been Christmas
and all the slaves would have been
allowed a vacation, but Luis felt
somehow that lie was entitled to
visit his %wife at his own will and
not al that of his master; he did so.
and was missing for many months.
Presumably he did not dare or care
to return to New Switzerland after
this escapade.
lie was no doubt advertised as a
runaway, and eventually was lo-
cated on the other side of the pen-
insula, at Tampa, and sold to Col.
Brooke, commander of the fort that
bore his name, who needed an in-
terpreter. As an interpreter Luis
no doubt enjoyed an easier life
than ever before, with more free-
(Cont ined on psie 54)

- rt~~~w~- ~ ~ ~ V,,2 4&-eb V 7-c-c~4 Lr-,-A --& ;

The Early Life of Luls
Pacheco Ne Fatio
(Continued from page 52)
dom and responsibility; perhaps his
wife was able to join him. Each
commander at Tampa Bay became
in succession his owner,,. and his
services proved invaluable. In ad-
dition to Col. Brooke, he was owned
by Maj. Burke, Col. Clinch, and
Maj. James McIntosh, the last of
whom, in 1830, sold him to Don
Antonio Pacheco, of Tampa, who
had a trading post at Sarasota,
forty miles south. His duties as a
slave of Don Antonio were also no
doubt of a responsible nature, re-
quiring an active intelligence
rather than physical exertion. He
would, however, have qualified on
both counts for, now in the prime
of life, he possessed great bodily
strength. Don Antonio died within
five years, leaving L.uis to his
widow, and apparently the slave
was frequently entrusted wilh the
care of the trading post.
In 1835 relations betweoon the
Seminole Indians and Negroes and
the United States government were
rapidly reaching a crisis. Late in
December Luis received word that
his mistress, Sefiora Pacheco, was
ill in Tampa and needed him. IHe
took the first boat, but in the mean-
time the lady had recovered so
quickly that she met him at the
dock and informed him that he
must report at military headquar-
ters. When he did so he discovered
that he had been hired by Capt.
John C. Casey on Dec. 23., 1835. for
$25 a month, to guide Maj. Dade's
command of about a hundred men
who were being sent to reinforce
Ft. King and who, according to
Luis' story 57 years later, had al-
ready set out. IHe caught up with
the command on the Little Hlills-
borough.
"There was a whole 'passel' of
hound dogs in the troop"-clear
evidence that Negro-hunting was
to be an important element in the
campaign. According to Luis' ac-
count, Maj. Dade alternately dis-
played excessive caution and reck-
lessness, now insisting that the

guide search the vicinity carefully,
now marching along without flank-
ers and with an advance guard only
200 yards ahead of the main body.
On the morning of Dec. 28, in
broad daylight and in open coun-
try, the attack began from Indians
hidden in the grass. Head-chief
Micanopy is said to have fired the
first shot, which struck Maj. Dade
in the heart. He exclaimed "My
God and fell dead from his horse.
Luis, who was standing by him,
dropped to the ground with such
suddenness that he was reported
shot through the brain. Lying in
the grass, he was able to watch
what ensued. The first shot was
followed by a disastrous volley, af-
ter which a heavy fire kept up. The
surviving soldiers at first were
panic-stricken, but rallied enough
to defend themselves, using a field-
piece, but the Indians mocked each
discharge with an exclamation of
"Puff! Ugh!" and continued the
attack. The soldiers eventually
pushed toward a clump of trees
among which they hoped to shelter
tlw'llsolvet for a lIt ., .4i'i, uso. and
when they did so the Indians rose
up out of the grass to oppose them.
They were all stripped to their
breech clouts and moccasins and
painted red, and as their musket
fire swept down the line they looked
"like a string 'of peppers in a
streak of light." The Indians soon
occupied the ground where Luis
was sheltering himself behind a
tree. An Indian boy pointed a gun
at him, but an old Indian knocked
it up. Later three other Indians
threatened him, but the son of
Jumper, chief counsellor of the na-
tion, saved him, saving "That's a
black man. lie is not his own mas-
ter. Don't kill him!"
At this point the soldiers re-
ceived a respite as the Indians, in-
explicably, retreated, giving the
whites a chance to throw up some
slight fortifications. Luis explained
that one Indian got a bullet stuck
in his gun and retired to a safe dis-
tance in order to dislodge it; other
Indians, thinking that the order to
withdraw had been given, followed
him, and the retreat became gen-

THu NEono HISTORY BULLETIN

eral. They later rallied, however,
and returned to the attack, leaving
Luis in charge of an old crippled
Negro who told him that the Indi-
ans had been stirred up by a white
man living among the Creeks. One
by one the defenders fell until at
last the Indians and Negroes
swarmed the barricade and struck
down those who were left alive. A
soldier who escaped, wounded, by
shamming death, reported that at
the last the Indians drew off and
left the completion of the work of
death to a troop of Negroes who
slaughtered the wounded, stripped
the bodies, and horribly mutilated
the corpses. Luis, however, de-
clared that neither Indians nor Ne-
groes stripped or mutilated the
bodies of the slain, Jumper having
given orders to the contrary. His
statement receives considerable con-
firmation from the report of the
first white officer to view the bat-
tlefield a few months later, who re-
ported that within the barricade
most of the bodies lay in regular or-
der, scalped, and with the weapons
removed, but otherwise undis-
turbed.
Luis claimed that, when the In-
dians discovered he was a survivor
from Dade's command, they
thought he must have made him-
self invisible-rather odd, in view
of the fact that at least four Indi-
ans had seen him to threaten him
and two others to protect him. Luis
on his part was surprised that the
dogs with Dade's command we
are not told what became of them
but they probably- met with their
masters' unhappy fate-had not
given warning of the enemy's pres-
ence. One of the Indians remarked,
"Don't you think we know what to
do to make dogs quiet ?" which con-
vinced Luis that they had "some
strange way of controlling the
dogs."
The day after the battle Luis
told Jumper that he wished to go
back to his people and that he was
"Spanish property." J umper
"gritted his teeth arid said: 'You
are enough American for us. Let
me tell you, you can't go back. As
(Continued on page 62)

62

of Beelzebub, the prince of devils.
They are responsible for the present
self-exterminating war which no
follower of Jesus would try to
justify.
The failure to have peace today
is not the fault of the nations on
any one side of the war today. They
are all guilty of doing the same
selfish deeds in violation of the
principles of Jesus of Nazareth.
Such wars will recur periodically
to afflict the present combatants as
long as they continue to ignore the
teachings of brotherhood which
they have so long despised. These
powers probably for some time to
come will go on in the same way
until they will have worn them-
selves out and so thinned their
ranks as to give the common peo-
ple the opportunity to come into
the enjoyment of this earth which
the powerful few have too long mo-
nopolized and treated as a special
gift of God to the so-called chosen
people of superior worth.

Questions
1. What was the cause of the Amer-
ican Revolution? Not the causes,
but the cause?
2. How did it happen that Negroes
were in the Continental Army
from the very begin ning of the
conflict? t W
3. Why did certain Americans ob-
ject to the presence of Negroes in
the Army at that time? Were Ne-
groes kept in the Continental Ar-
my or mustered out?
4. What record for heroism did Ne-
gro soldiers make in the battles of
the American Revolution?
5. Of what importance was the bat-
tle of Bunker Hill? What was
gained or lost thereby?
6. Who was the hero of Stony Point
according to the histories which
have been written?
7. Give a brief account of the. Battle
of Monmouth and show what part
Negro soldiers played on that
field.
8. What were the comments on the
Battle of Rhode Island? Where
does the truth lie in this case?
9. Of what significance was the sac-
rifice made by Austin Dabney for
those whom he dared to defend?
10. 'Why are colored women not ad-
mitted to the Daughters of the
American Revolution?
11. What Negroes have starred in the
role of Othello. Mention the
latest to assume this role.
12. What can you say of the career
of Nathaniel Dett? Does it show
opportunity or lack of opportu-
nity for the Negro?

Book of the Mo4th
Women Builders, by Sadle L Daniel
(Mrs. S. D. St. Clair), brought out in
its second printing in 1943 by the As-
sociated Publishers, Washnlaglt, D. C.
(price $2.15), is an interesting volume
of a stimulating record. The book
first appeared in 1931, and after the
public became acquainted with the
work and the underlying purpose of
the author, began to increase in circu-
lation. It is the compilation of grip-
ping stories of the careers of seven
outstanding Negro women who have
done things in the concrete. The book
does not attempt to say whether or not
women in other fields measure up to
these women or surpass them. The
aim is merely to focus attention on
well known workers who in trying to
serve their people have left something
tangible as monuments to their un-
selfish efforts. These women thus
treated are Lucy Craft Laney, Maggie
Lena Walker, Janie Porter Barrett,
Mary McLeod Bethune, Nannie Helen
Burroughs, Charlotte Hawkins Brown,
and Jane Edna Hunter.
The style of the author is distinctly
clear and convincing. Nothing of im-
portance in any of these careers has
been left undeveloped. Even children
of the elementary schools may read
these accounts with interest and profit.
While serving as a book of biography
for the general public, the schools will
find this interesting volume essen-
tial to the collection of any library
undertaking to keep before the youth
the achievemnenls of the ,n.,I, r. of the
country. The' book may we dra(sn
upon not only by those in the public
schools but by persons in the higher
fields of instruction in which the sub-
jects of these sketches lie-in educa-
tion, in social welfare, and in business.
This book helps to make the teaching
of history and biography the work of
the entire faculty of the school.
The book enjoys the advantage of
heing well illustrated. Throughout the
volume are pictures of the schools
constructed, the hospices established.
and the enterprises developed bly these
seven women. This visual aid facili-
tates the task of grasping the meaning
of not only the careers of each indi-
vidual but of seeing the whole as an
important chapter in the history of the
United States. For these reasons there
are bright prospects of a still wider
circulation of this hook.

The Early Life of Luis
Pacheco No Fatio
(Continued from page 54)
birds fill the air so the Seminoles
fill the woods.' Luis accordingly
had to remain with the Indians
"for many years and did not go to
any of the white settlements until
peace was declared "-that is, until
the spring of 1837. "When the In-
dian war broke out again, I was put

THB Nouo HiwroXr BUXTUIN

in bons and sent to Arkansas with
the Seminoles, where I lived many
years"-no mention, be it noted, of
any hegira to Mexico.
In his old age he in some way
made his way back to Florida-
Mrs. Moore-Willson says in 1892-
and was taken in by Mrs. Susan
L'Engle nie Fatio, who, as a girl,
had taught him to read. He became
a dvtoti, with thought constantly
"fixed on the beyond. . He was
always on his way to church." The
consciousness that he was regarded
as the betrayer of Dade's command
seems, however, to have preyed
upon his mind, and it is said to
have been a great relief to him
when, in an interview, he succeeded
in convincing the journalist and,
through the resultant newspaper
account, the interested public, that
"history's version" appeared "de-
cidedly improbable." Thereafter
he "said many times that he did
not care to live now as lie had set
himself right before the world. IHe
had implicit faith in the Saviour
and felt no misgivings about facing
the -r!ent bar of Jdimliuent. Next to
his lovi for 11im was his love of
his 'vonng missis'-Mrs. Susan
L'Engle"---herself by that time
"near the 90 milestone." In the
interview it was written: "His
beard surrounds his face with a
halo of silvery white and seams in
the dead-black features are cut
deep as only time can cut thenim.
Though lie is going on 92 years of
age, one can see in his remarkable
alertness and compact frame evi-
dences of what was once almost a
giant's strength. Luis died in
Jacksonville on Jan. 5, 1895, and
was buried at his birthplace. "Al-
though a negro . his funeral was
attended by many representatives
of the old families of Jackson-
ville. "
It is impossible, of course, at this
late date, to determine whether
the charges against Luis at the
time or his defense 57 years later
should be regarded as the more
valid. We can merely evaluate the
arguments used to support his gen-
eral denial of complicity in the an-
nihilation of the Dade command.
(Costineed on page 64)

Panel" spoke Professor James A.
Porter of Howard University, the
author of Negro Modern Art; Dr.
John Hope Franklin, of North
Carolina State College, the author
of The Ante Bellum Free Negro in
North Carolina; Mr. Earl Conrad
of New York City, the author of
Harriet Tubman; Mrs. Rackham
Holt, the author of George Wash-
ington Carver; and Dr. Alfred Me-
Clung Lee, of Wayne University,
joint author of Race Riot.
At the conclusion of the ad-
dresses of the last session the Di-
rector awarded the history prizes
for the year. The first prize of
One Hundred Dollars for the best
article submitted to The Journal
of Negro History during the year
ending September 30 went to Dr.
Marion Thompson Wright of How-
ard University for her "New Jer-
sey Laws and the Negro." The
second prize of Fifty Dollars for
the next best article thus submitted
went to Mrs. Dorothy B. Porter, of
the Moorland Library of lloward
University, for her article on "Da-
vid Ruggles. aii .\Ajpo.il, 4I IIiumait
Rights." The first prize for the
best review submitted to this maga-
zine during the same period went
to Dr. John Hope Franklin, of
North Carolina State College, for
his estimate of Dr. Luther Porter
Jackson's Free Negro Labor and
Property Holding in Virginia. The
second prize for the next best re-
view thus submitted went to Pro-
fessor W. Edward Farison. of the
same institution, for his evaluation
.of Zora Neale IIurston's Dust
Tracks on a Road: An Autobiog-
.raphy. Dr. Franklin was the only
winner to appear in person to re-
ceive his prize, but his presence
and the occasion called forth much
applause.
The "Authors' Panel" followed
a delightful get-acquainted dinner,
and so did ihe discussion of the
newspaper follow "An Editors'
Breakfast." Dupree's Choir fur-
nished appropriate music. The city
as a whole, with the exception of
the daily press, cooperated in mak-
ing the meeting a great success.

The Early Life of Luis
Pacheco Ne Fatio
(Continued from page 62)
One was that he did not know he
had been hired as guide until the
command had already left, so that
he was forced to pursue and catch
up with them, and that therefore
he could not have communicated
with the enemy. In reply to this,
a prosecuting attorney might have
pointed out that the time interven-
ing between his departure from Ft.
Brooke and his coming up with the
command on the Little Hillsbor-
ough would have given him ample
opportunity to communicate the
objectives of the troops, and his
own plans, to the hostile Indians
and Negroes, who were known to
be keeping the post under close ob-
servation. The interviewer lays
great emphasis on the fact that the
"massacre [sic] took place on the
road in broad daylight in an open
country. If lie had led them from
the road into an ambush the charge
wonll have hb'oii ;1 "
This i., ove] ,king tie ,L,:lI that
Luis was never accused of having
led thle troops off the road, but
rather of having informed the
Seminole of the destination of the
troops, their line of march, and
where they would he at a particu-
lar time, thus making it possible
for them to lay an ambush in ap-
parently open country where it
would be least likely to be sus-
pected by the commander; as
guide, Luis could lead the troops
at his own rate of speed, determine
the stopping places for the night
and consequently their point of
march at an early hour next morn-
ing. Had the troops been passing
through a tangled underbrush,
Ma.j. Dade would undoubtedly have
had scouts out in all directions and
his troops on the alert, whereas ac-
tually they were taken entirely by
surprise. Certainly Maj. Dade re-
ceived no warning of the enemy's
presence from the expert guide
Luis, who must bear the charge of
dullness or carelessness if not de-
liberate "treachery." There is lit-
tle doubt, of course, that the Dade

THE NEGRO HISTORY BUuLLTIN

command would have been attacked
between Ft. Brooke and Ft. King,
whether with Luis' assistance or
no. Ft. Brooke was under careful
enough surveillance that no com-
mand could leave without being
noticed and some conclusion as to
its destination arrived at. Luis
could only have assisted in making
the attack more easy to plan and
successfully carry out. All this, to
be sure, merely indicates the possi-
bility of Luis' complicity, despite
the denials of himself and his inter-
viewer; it does not indicate his ac-
tual guilt. The reader must deter-
mine for himself whether the com-
mon belief of army officers at the
time, or the denial of the accused
over half a century later, should be
given greater credence.
One can at least say that the
pious, devoted nonagenarian, with
his eyes fixed on the beyond, who
gave a reporter an interview in
1892, was certainly not guilty of
participation in the attack on the
Dade command. But one cannot be
so sure of the innocence of that rov-
t..* !i!n in his thirties, the
erstwhile incorrigible runaway,
with a brother and sister among the
hostile.

Remember N e g r o
History Week,
February 13-20, 1944
The nineteenth celebration of
Negro History Week is sch.-lhiled
for the week of F,'bruary It-ri
ning the 13th. The theme fI ,
celebration of thti observan-, *
be the Negro Soldier in th.
of Ameria. This theme .;ng
developed from month to in th in
the N,':r History Bulletin which
gives ;'- facts and serves as ,
guide appropiri,e' ,x0,,
The .smtscription 1. -*
and back number.s. 14.
of October in ,, i :l, thi de-
velopment of !,!t- nought, are
available. Plters are offered by
the Association free of charge.
For any information or assistance
required address C. G. Woodson,
Director, 1538 Ninth Street, N. W.,
Washington, I) C.

1886 ceres.
Fatio House Accompanies picture of house with sign swinging on Hospital
street side Information from "oe"Murray whose father
ran the Paint shop named on the sign
William Murray 20 y-ars in business W it am Mou-re
In the Fatio House while T'urray was in that store there
lived numerous people- among those recalled by Joe Murray (1939)
were Mrs. Ashton with her family Robert Theodore, Vino,
Paul Cora and Anna- lived upstairs.
The widow of Ramon Hernandez who had been sheriff.
Father of L.arry Jones (no. 56 Marine St. 1940) five children
Mrs. Wm. Moore and family a short time

St. Augustine Record
4 July 1937

linked with it in the eyes of thou- patiun, who acquired the lot from
sands of tourists for years to come. Juan Hernandez.
Th6 Fatio Ho0.-e is probably the From the time Miss Fatio took
most pictured house in the city possession of the house it began to
since it started its literary and ar- acquire publicity especially through
tistic career long before artists and the winter visits of the then well-
'F \writers had gathered in -urh nun: known writer, Constance Fenimore
1 i Holulos I ber& iln St. Augutine and they had \', ison. Miss Woolson spent much
chosen tLe lF:tio House as their 'n.1111 here ard constantly referred to
Centre. the house and hex lihf in it. Other
Finei Taken in i entire, this is n' vNiters began to look for Miss Fa-
of the most satisfactory .xampl., tio'.-.. Artists arrived. Before Aunt
of second Spanish construction Louisa died in 185, the house had
Long Known for Its that can he studied. The arrange- I achieved a reputa'mon that the v(irs
meant of the ,tairways, *! en- on!y increase It is Bow ow0-v d o."
Numerous Charming trances into the terrace, t havy Judige DIsnd R .*iha' a nep'.w
v6 all$ of coquina, its low-i,..-. .> of Ma v., an*: >r Features dws on the first itoor, dh cv,- 5' lugustine tHistorical Society.
from which accets is had to the d1' .' winter it i- f"w'"-ed by ar-
kitchen with its built-in oven for i,,t Ia'd craft ,
W 1hi Miss Louisa Fatio, Aunt baking, its huge fireplace for cook- .w0hih 'a"r of the Nert a ,t, tje
a ldas in friendly salutation, ing, the slave room attached. 'vry- gilt .hls has been ht'sed t1eti for
oemght the house on the corner of thinW about the house fr,(in ',th. i .,e y.ars. It is one of the high
Hfofpital Street and Green Lane small balcony on the front to the spot,' during the Spanish Fietta of
Alhy, trefljently called Green- galleries upstairs combine to pro- j the I derated Circles of the Garden
Street, in 1t6, from Sarah Ander- duce the Mediterranean eirXt. Chit -ch year, *ad inmagcn tive
son, she could hardly have antici- Earliest ownership of the ho'i peopl ,,tien wondti t ~j( o
pated that it would become famous, itself attaches to Andref Xiint.., paniardt return to ;r,1 the weei
mnd that her own name would be early in the second Spanish oct u- of the f iMt night.