|
TV SPEECH
March 28, 1960
Thank you for inviting me into your home tonight. This
campaign for governor is so important to the future of Florida and
to every family....I wish I could visit you personally ... to
discuss our problems and to answer any questions you might have as
to my qualifications or my intentions. I'd like to get your
opinions. That is not possible, or course, but I am happy to be
able to be with you by means of your television set.
The main purpose of my visit is to discuss with you a
critical problem which faces us today in Florida...a problem so
crucial that we must take immediate steps to meet it intelligently
...and decisively...to prevent its eruption into a conflict of
terrible consequences!
Two weeks ago, in Tallahassee, certain colored people went
into a store, sat down at a lunch counter reserved for white people,
and demanded to be served. The manager of the store closed his
lunch counter, but they remained until the police drove them away.
There are several fundamental problems involved here, and
I think you ought to have a part in deciding them, because they are
your problems, too. Two weeks ago this happened in Tallahassee --
two weeks from now it may happen in your home town -- in your store --
or where you shop. These are not "their" problems, they are "our"
problems.
I am so very anxious that whatever I say and do will help
resolve these problems, and have deliberately delayed making these
comments so that tempers could cool. But the events that occurred
in Tallahassee are on the minds and hearts of the people or Florida)
10-
In 1953 and 195h it was my privilege to serve as Speaker
of the Rouse of Representatives, and in that capacity to administer
the financial affairs of that legislative body. We were faced
there, as the entire state government is now, with a picture of
increased demands, increased wage scales, increased costs in all
areas. In spite of the long established upward trend, in spite of
the higher wages and other costs, we were able to reduce the cost
of administration of the House of Representatives lower than it
has been since 19h7. It was so simple to do. we did not employ
people to fill Jobs that were not needed. We did not employ people
to fill Jobs they were not qualified to perform. We made no
purchases except to meet pre-determined needs. There was no magic
-- no hocus-pocus -- no brilliant financial maneuvers. By the
application to the administration of the House of the same principles
of economy and efficiency that you bring to your own Jobs and busi-
nesses we reduced the cost of Operation no per cent below the
average for the two years immediately preceding and the two years
immediately following the 1953-54 period and increased the efficiency
of the House at the same time. Fifty million dollars will be only
approximately three per cent of the budget of the State of Florida
for the two years that lie ahead of us. There is no question but
that-there is three per cent waste in our state government -- there
is only the question as to whether the people of Florida will elect
a governor with the courage and ability to cut that fat from the
body politic. I believe that they will.
When we have saved that money we can use it to make the
improvements that we want in our schools, our roads, in promoting
tourism and attracting industry to Florida.
11-
There are two great weaknesses in the road program of
Florida today which have plagued it for a generation.
One weakness is the lack of money! We are a score of
years and a billion dollars behind in highway construction. If
highways could be paved with political promises there would not
be enough room left in Florida to grow orange trees. But they can't.
One or the reasons we are so far behind is that for years
we have been trying to pay off indebtedness of the 1920's, when
irresponsible and short-sighted politicians mortgaged Florida's
future. Even today in the bond markets of New York the ghost of
that period still haunts us. I shall never be willing to repeat
that foolishness.
But there are steps we can take towards the solution of
our problem. One is the establishment over the next several years,
of a revolving right of way fund which will permit the acquisition
of rights of way for state highways in advance of need, on terms
more favorable to the state, and less disturbing to the property
owners.
A second weakness in the highway program, and perhaps its
greatest weakness, is the administrative structure of the Road
Department. The allocation of road funds, and decision as to
priority and location or new construction, is too often a political
instead of an economic process. Audits by the State Auditor are too
little and years too late. There is no opportunity to review
decisions made or contracts let. The arbitrary concellation of
existing road contracts by an incoming governor is not a cure for
the weakness, but an indictment of the decision making process.
12-
County and city officials have been given no responsible
part in the overall highway plan, if such exists.
After you have done me the great honor of selecting me as
the Democratic nominee in the primaries in May, I shall immediately
call together a committee to be composed of former road chairmen
and road board members now removed from politics who can bring
to bear on this great and important problem the full weight of
their experience and knowledge. They know the weaknesses in our
structure, as no one else in Florida can possibly know, and their
practical experience is a vast resource which we must tap. we can
seek the services of the auditor of the State or Florida, the advice
or the Legislative Road Committee, the coOperation of the existing
Road Board and its start, and the help of representative city and
county officials. From these sources we shall put together a plan
for the maximum utilization of the funds now available and available
tomorrow in increasing abundance.
I do not hold up for you any illusion that my election
as your governor will completely solve our road problems. But I do
give you this solemn and confident assurance that we shall combine
the most capable minds with the highest purpose to achieve the
best roads in the areas of greatest needs.
2-
and you are entitled to have the position on this question of .
every candidate for governor clearly defined.
This trouble didn't begin this year. It started when the
Supreme Court begain to re-write the law or the land to fit its
own ideas of what that law ought to be. The example of the Supreme
Court has inspired many radical groups in the country to think
that they, too, can take the law into their hands, and make it over
to :11: their own ideas of that ought to be. He must not make the
mistake or thinking that the actions or the Supreme Court uhich
violate our Constitution are limited to segregation. By the same
kind or false reasoning the Supreme Court releases criminals,
protects aliens who are here to destroy us, prevents a city in
California from trying to protect their children against obscene
literature, prevents Pennsylvania from punishing Communists
convicted of trying to overthrow our government, and prevents New
Yerk from tiring employees who refuse to say whether or not they
are Communists.
I share with all Americans a tremendous respect for the
Supreme Court as an institution, but that respect does not require
a slavish agreement with all its decisions. Lincoln said that the
people or the united States "are the rightful masters of both
Congress and the Courts, not to overthrow the Constitution, but the
men who abuse it." whenever we believe that the Supreme Court has
violated the very Constitution it is sworn to uphold, we not only
have the privilege, but we also have the duty to speak out.
Several years ago Governor Collins appointed a very fine
committee known as the rabisinski Committee to study this whole
3-
problem. On it he appointed many outstanding Floridians. The
Honorable Cody Fowler, past president or the American Bar Association,
and recently appointed by Governor Collins to head the Florida
Bi-Hacial Committee, was a member. The Honorable Lewis Hall,
President or the Florida Bar Association, Judge illard Smith, Judge
John T. Higginton, and the Honorable Luther Mershon, were members.
I want to read to you a few passages of the report they made to
Governor Collins.
"In the performance or our assigned duty we were and are
confronted with recent decisions of the Supreme Court
or the United States which violate accepted standards of
Judicial power, disrupt previous concepts of the relation
between the Federal Government and the several States,
disregard formed decisions of the Court as to the rights
of the States and the people, and destroy constitutional
government as conceived by our forefathers.
"...the Supreme Court or the United States has assumed
the power, by Judicial decree, to change the meaning or
the Constitution of the United States...
"...we have come to the inevitable conclusion that the
present membership or the Supreme Court or the United
States has embarked upon a course of action designed to
destroy the system or dual sovereignty, which is the
unique feature and fundamental basis or our Union, ...
and in complete disregard of the Constitution or the
united States and the inherent rights or the sovereign
States determined to arrogate to themselves final, complete,
supreme and exclusive power over the States, the Federal
Government and the people."
Some of you who are are recently arrived in Florida may
not know the high quality of the man on the Commdttee and might
still not be persuaded. The Chief Justices of the Supreme Courts
of 36 states or this Uhion, considered the same problem, and adopted
a resolution after several years' study in which they made the
comment that because of the Supreme Court of the United States we
could no longer boast that we lived under a government or laws and
not or men. If these distinguished Jurists be correct, and I believe
a-
they are, the battle to preserve freedom under law has suffered
perhaps a fatal blow.
Over a month ago at the kickoff rally for this campaign in
Orlando I made my position on this matter crystal clear:
"Certain rights were reserved to the states by the
Federal Constitution when it was adapted, and I intend
to demand the observance of each of those rights. I
serve notice now that I will, in every legal way open
to me as Governor, throw the full force of the State
and the full dignity of the office I shall hold behind
my purpose to maintain the integrity of the law. I
will not countenance violation of our rights, and I will
not condone any voluntary knuckling under to an invalid
Federal encroachment.
"What I have said goes for all our constitutional
rights, including specifically the proposed creation of a
Federal dictator to oversee our elections, the Federal
Government's attempt to force integration in our schools,
and every other effort to transgress upon the
constitutional sovereignty of the State of Florida, I
shall not take upon myself the responsibility of the
governorship of the State of Florida to preside over the
destruction of the powers or this sovereign State."
That is still my position without modification.
What happened in Tallahassee is a direct, unvarnished,
frontal attack on the institution of private property, on the free
enterprise society in which we live, and on the fundamental
constitutional guarantee that no citizen's property shall be taken
from him without due process of law. It is an effort to elevate
5..
the social claims of certain citizens above the property rights of
all citizens, and, if successful, would open a Pandora's box of
ills and evils that would destroy our entire economic and social
structure. This is the fruit or the Supreme Court's abuse of its
powers, and if we do not stop that abuse, this fruit will be but
the first harvest.
I reject the contention made by some that there is anything
immoral about a merchant selecting his customers, or laying down the
conditions under which he is willing to do business.
The right to own private property is guaranteed by the
Constitution of the united States, and the nations or the world which
do not grant that right are almost without exception our enemies.
Wherever the right to own property is destroyed, the American way or
life will be destroyed with it.
This is my stand. If I were your governor I would use
every power of the State to preserve law and order, and use the full
prestige of the governor's position to sustain the integrity or the
institution of private property. If I had doubts about the wisdom
of rightness or our laws or the wisdom or rightness of our
Constitution I would take these doubts to the Legislature, and not
impose the burden for their change upon helpless merchants who are
operating within the law and according to the established customs of
their community.
I believe there can be no doubt in your minds as to my
position on the question of segregation. I simply believe that
segregation is the soundest policy for Florida, for both its races,
in its public schools and out. As your governor I will exercise
every constitutional power or that office to maintain segregation,
5-
and to do so peacefully. I am determined that in that effort our
schools shall never be closed.
The experience of Dade County in its efforts to integrate
the school at Orchard Villa is abundant proof of the attitude or
the people of Florida on this subject. The School Board called
for its integration, but the people or Dade County, by their own
conduct, have chosen segregation, and what was formerly a white
school has in a short period of time become almost entirely a
colored school.
It is my conviction that those who seek to force integration
upon the reluctant states do a vast injustice to white and colored
people alike. Much of the tremendous progress we have made through
the years in racial harmony and improved conditions for Negroes
through voluntary action has been completely destroyed. If you will
think back with me to the days before the Supreme Court demonstrated
its lack of understanding of our laws, traditions and problems, you
will remember that newspapers and historians at that time were
commenting on the rapid progress of the Negro race. There can be no
question that the Negro race progressed more rapidly in the hundred
years since the Civil War than any other group in the history or
the world.
Those of us who were born, or who have long lived in
Florida, were aware or these changes in racial attitudes in our
State -- changes which were to the good for people or both races --
changes which provided better understanding and better harmony.
And this progress was achieved in an orderly fashion because it
resulted from a real desire to improve the living standards or the
Negroes and because we were free from force. It was in Florida,
7-
in 19h7, that the first Legislature in which I served provided the
same identical funds for the education of Negro children as of
white children, and in many counties of the State new Negro schools have
exceeded in number and quality those for whites. It was in Florida
that the first Negro Judge in the South was appointed, and he
presided in cases involving those of his own race. Incidentally,
that Negro judge was born and raised in my hometown of Goals, and is
my friend. Florida was the first southern state in which Negro
policement were appointed to patrol Negro neighborhoods. We have
Negro welfare workers and Negro nurses serving in Florida's welfare
and health departments.
But the harmony between the races which made these advances
possible has now been completed destroyed.
The determination of our citizens, both white and Negroes,
to solve their own problems without force or hatred held tremendous
promise for the State.
Now, however, the Supreme Court has thrust force upon us,
our racial problems have increased, racial understanding has been
severely retarded, and riots and threats of violence are the result.
I propose, as your governor, to preserve peace and order,
and to re-establish an atmosphere in society in which the peeple of
our State can evolve for themselves a solution to this problem. If
the bi-racial committees which are being formed in various cities
about Florida will turn their attention to re-building the harmony
that once existed between the races, and re-building the lines of
communication between the races, they can perform a service of
immense value. If the result, however, is simply to encourage the
Negro to assert so-cslled moral claims where there are no legal
rights they will only incite more trouble and impede that much longer
8-
the efforts of men and good will of both races to find a solution
to this grievous problem.
In the long run the solution to these problems, and to
most problems that we face, lies in the improved quality of our
citizens, of all colors. Americans place the chief responsibility
for that quality on the home and the church, but for government
our greatest single responsibility is the education or our children.
To me it seems to follow, as the night follows day, that
as we love our children better than ourselves so shall we provide
for them better than we provide for our other needs. Whatever is
required to meet our educational goals we must do; whatever support
our educators require to achieve our educational goals must be
forthcoming .
That does not mean we must or should blindly accept every
educational program and practice which has been adopted in our
schools. This campaign will be worth all my efforts and yours if
out of it comes only an aroused interest in the public school
program, in the need for classrooms for our children, in the
qualifications of our teachers, and in the educational goals which
are being pursued.
Many of you will recall vividly the condition of our
schools after World War II. The state contributed almost nothing
to their support, and by every standard we were near the bottom
of the national ladder.
The people of Florida became so concerned that all over
Florida they came together in Citizen Education Committees, to talk
about our weakness, to find out where they needed to move in and
help. Out of that concern and that aroused public interest grew
___
9..
the Minimum Foundation Program, and the greatest stride forward in
the history of education in Florida.
As your governor I shall provide the leadership for a
re-arousal of public interest in our schools and enlist your support
and participation in that campaign as well as this. We shall
establish Joint citizens and professional committees properly staffed
and financed to make a searching review of our whole public school
system. Having reaffirmed that which is good and exposed that
which is not, we will then throw our full support behind an effort
to make our educational system the finest in the nation. Let us
first determine that our educational system is pointed in the right
direction and then put our shoulders to the wheel and move it in
that direction as fast as we are capable.
Perhaps I am a little biased in favor of schools. My
mother was a school teacher -- my three daughters will probably
teach school some day -- my wife was teaching school in Tallahassee
when we met.
Florida grows at a tremendous pace, and because it does
we expect the needs of our government to grow. We are proud to
boast that our population has almost doubled in the last 10 years,
but I wonder how many people are aware that our state taxes have
almost tripled in that same period of time.
A few weeks ago I made the statement that 50 million
dollars can be saved in the next two years in the Operation of the
government of the State of Florida. When I made that statement I
was and intended to be extremely conservative. Since that time
a former governor of Florida has advised me that the possibility
for savings is far in excess of that figure.
PAGE 1
-i -C.:.. ;il. I." ::'OG .. L if: ..C: ;;t.iu' |or ._j. Car -_ -'OTI e gyp.gy. .C .Cl li!ij:.0'..filC; 1;:Lf; 'h|L.1 T .-.:-L .. d-.";-J12. --; .-:;:120?:10 ) l_. -C D l' prDI.] r:PIC -:.1 aill/le ::.T .120: il DylG t |CI .C;:.5 e":-! DT' it Ej~el::1~,l.ar:|-. ,1 0] ] C D If op .. T:-:.:t 1.0 r-OL 903:! ille, al' ::Gr..irse, La:lt J to t:.e ..L C -W tl-. fay l";f [ilcal:0 Di' -/3-.1:' L .as -~::3:;n .; 21:0 ~ile1 )~.DPPONC Of ri;/ vlail .i LO -.: -h Gil 107.1 'diij Ch f(i -'US -if: tr.maJ''. 0 G C L al W{' 11:,t ill!-:f: 9 tig;LC l ".a".e CO 2"C --L_ 01 ::i V-:3 ....i1;2CVt'fli; l'..;; 12-.--. L :.T. -i I ag;1;ig(31j 7.00-, i lit. 12:':liG !!f--;, "|72 !'ill ~.Dijc.gr r : tir.teT C OTO y 320 .iO'dri :st a l'.Fit'h CGl.ill'-CT I't-f;t } C .O'.i i,2: Lie: Gerlea filf: I;17:310 -U 01' thC --]T 00201-02, Lai, 1,ile-/ -'er|i:ti:led TjT.l. ] -LOT't' Cll'U Geyeral TG21.lilt;iC1 f.~J .OLIC d D-JI i30 liSVC E: aart ir eC 1. t x CC 13 -ra r -,, 000. TulO 1;eegg ;iga i_ ---;1 -----Di'', 317:17 j '". :::a;lappe-j 131 -Ollr 10 e 7.01 .----Q -O Te '.07);. TilCE:E a-'d i-lat t -.:'.Y C (-Br', --, --..? 12 71 .'0 VCT''' Dr,:C Our: -;.:l:1-.. 1.;j".L -;e:' ,1 lir :;i::-:. 1-r _ C t 1;i'abim.ll', it:1-.] -1;i".-r; ,je) jlCP tely dela:el ;-: |7-l:-. -C :rC C C 3 .hai~ LGriipCPC ;301; (i 0-201 .1_:E:.T, '.. -(; e-;l.:::LG '.:1::_% .) -''. T'T'r. .i. 3 L L-!|-.iiGW20 UTC 27 thC :rliTdi 3[:-1 :leal'tG Of '.:1..5 37;:09] O ".f 1~1319. a
PAGE 2
D-/ the Neui:e of Repreuert::st ive;: an j to the-: r:apset ty i e ad:-:-.late tiie 21:-.3:10:02 022:11e:r;i' 2:a 21,in ::ce-. le were f.aced tht:::'e :--:; alle er.--'.r:2 : tate 7:r;cenrarit :: a:rs, e tu : pl eture or i.ca:mi .jemanr.n, :.norated 'any Gale", '_m:rea:-es costs iall D.reE!:: -9. ejti 1.:3 :17' t.no IDr|| CCtat i Ghi.:.] ap'd:lv.) -areld 1:_ :.; le a tim 1-.'.;;te:r wyr:s 0:1.1 -;th:r co::te, we Were ule to relace tac coer Of 2:.]:'litiatrai~iC:. ::i t|-IC |50t,:lC O ..rt-3;-eili iltj':(;;: im;Cr rn:.:: t :132 to a sj:.cc 1/! (. It -saa no Mii1ple -;D da. & 2:: r:n eme [:00010 00 fi _[ i 000. --l'a-%-;=.=20 ri->t 7: -OCje:! .WE.at r,9% .::--7 !:r: pr ro fil l .lete i:he:-; were not quail me..] to pr:rfriit. We ;r.ade r:.. ['.[70:'822:!" e."COT,1, CO -2006 .:r--l!?T:CPritired :-LUrstju, 07(; 'gt.r ;f. -l'ID (IOC't.;r-jaC;Ct.it -De I3r'illimit fir.::1-_Gj Ci 310::,-lage:, -'..hs. ::T3pl:1:Ji:t C:il 20 t Le .''0!211:11;$5-20.107. Of 7."[.0 l~OUE:e Ol' !..de : i ps-'y C or econ:-::'17 :mi eff '. alerte;: tiiet ::ci; 1-,7-:7 to :;our an .lon ::m. a nessel wt reelt-.oc d the ear i af ope i.t: ma U: ax:r er at 1 elow; -.h-: avesy;e l'or the Dio -lent's ime:Unt.ely 1:re::e-ilig an.:1 r,!-:e to:C. 'n:a Iried.13'3ely L'CI --:1-ifirT ',hD J ._r-.:L [:c/cgi 21:.1 it!ciys:.yt'es tjg. gi'DC t'le ~rlD-.:Se at n'ne "i!ay: '-Irile ?! :"1,7 rii.] i. Con .!o J DPG Ui il le D. ser:rex'.mati:1-: i r.ree T.:er cent of the imi.mi. of er Sis:ta m' E,:-':-ia 902 the i.i':a .'.-raar's that ] 10 tihetid -:;-C :ac '_:.a:'e -~. E n 2 (rtic:r.ti ar_ bg that 3:+31-0 5:-: ET'oc por car.I waste :n ou:otalk c:mrne:Ont -the.re i M G-,] -the queGtlDr: al LD 'ahet.1-/:2 ti-.a por,_.'je 32 F~_c;rld! sij.1 e_t-:et a i;ovo -roor 'aith ti:e courame orsi fr i : 5 ty to cut thaT; fat Nom uk t32-{ pat i.i (' .J 1;Clic'le thr-iDiev ivil_. Bell "de hovC GDVOd 011".1% filOL~d.:-; 'de Carl 1106 ~~LL 1.0 r;iggrs. 2,0 IEiiprO'-/OfflelitG "..9U-lt -3{3 'dill-it -El Oll"' ".3000~.3, Olar TOmic .1:1 giry!Ci ~:t:sinclem and attract-!rgIndustr:/ to Florida.
PAGE 3
l T:K:re era m: :grea L m:rn:T.0:1.FC is: the re:ad p"'2: :.10.-/ Wi-1:1;7l-1 ha:VC 0] R::ttle.1 1-0 000 :: ge;":07';;'.j;.til. QLO WOO.:lfitDG il -,ild ):ick Of 3-l''31.r '-2.I'ry 7:. SCOre O CSPC (|I:d si l-j.i.? 3:t-. Cicl~ DPG L-eta~:1:1 ~.fi |~;-: a -; '::21-C';.'"i.1rs';.lDIT T CCPil O il(7 |-3:i","t":d (s''.T:1 [,D ).it, .G21 1:03!' 200 t:1C:20 WCs.i ".(I Lj0 t POCifl 1911 i El E 2 OT:I --jil T.G -PC's OP;_-ft|-f E''NC -F-U'. t--1(?-/ itill, r Uile US 1.jle 2'0[1110(13 ::0 :l".'C I'-C 22 L-6tti:i'.1 EL' 1.h:'t ":::" 3:lirf, C V Ot-'O t.I'-/r!g CO j;iiV C-l'f Crit|Cis-.1;d'lC;'S D'' i,)-_C | :" -y':1, -:gjeg D 1 -ol(? !!ri;l .'.!10"%-0 id:ll'Oli Tat ..itiC .iti"il :liG--'t;-'Egi-.: lidriCIE '.-. 278:1 i O a-f -~ D tllC 12031::: ::IONC-Gi' D '' 99: '/31',: Lim ;-310|17. --.:" tU-1 31.12 i 1-.GUT1tl ijU ~i l'.110] 7tCI'l:C LS: W rij'.C l'ep|s;"i t oci.'.chries:, k!-there -20 etspa we ear. ta!:D ta-ano:ts T.he -'ol:.,ti::li, DL' p ct:1er:03:e 1:the c:3 tai:j i ch:13cht c-:er ti:e next :,r:-ze'-:3| ::uar;VDi-lirig P gl-.t Of "':::.'/ -t td '/:11001 N'i~'l 202':-_11. L'cle ::07 .-.1 --.1O C Of I'[R-? .i"DI' Ethi.C liigit-dii ff, 2 T. &1:1--:2100' '_:3 Tlsea :.lii Le C-.V22'Ghle '..O the EtatC:, 33%1 11--50 tilal:lert i: : 'e:;ti-le j :'GUCL' -.O & E fic:00Tid WCOkriCGG 10 i~j.E r: ;;h'SD.:/ [.:'0;31':11., :ir.. j-:t-f''apC tr: -at ".'l-:Ell:::ftil:, it AIle 2-. 1 .;itNti",'l--'trut:blij.T ::-I' 073:' :( --_...i .2"ET-.Or:l, ".T.C 211.000%!DT; Of P30-1 LLilda, 0.1".:: "i':C) 3-1071 !!'; 32 Ol'it'/ 21.9 19005101. Of I'OL-: C',CT;GEN:E't:'.C21, '.21 T.DO 001-!.':, O -.'_:~11613.1 .nau:2:t a r' ar. ec::-nomy. c pr;'enas A-..:D t:1 i:;; the :'tae la;d-i LO::Ice i::.a .it tiU Bid "'Ult?': 123 I::t(:. Ti-Irg'Q ir 1O :1-;j;30tU::i';; l_.,: :g:-;:r.yi-; -.|009 CiD-JD [[LaJd US 00.000.C$3 .-"-3, 7:1..": "!ri. itPC''';01-li-300~'.li!Ti--|r; D' R$ :~.t.. t":f' '~'300 CDrai"5tC liC L .2:11. l''CD-Gl.if .-(?,-02'.07 / 7: :tC2 :_! .:1;3CD l'l:0 '/P.'O.l-Tie'-'!, bil'.. Ett .1-!'lif't.iCT.--. ''/ --.il(; d!?Ci~iDt_ r:L&l-:5 ::2':",2(333
PAGE 4
l Co-a::t:/ anu ci ty offi e:i a-. e :eve ceer: a i ver. ne reepensible :-31''0 -~:: tl'a ::vePE,11 1.'_:-h'e: ,' p !an, i (:-'s. b r:::_'.::'..E'., e :gra i--:ive acr.n :':e tile Men', :to::= af' solent:nc tile as \~hD ~)1-:::'0002610 1:0'-'.1300 Oli thC .i:"'irilar en il-: "Eay, ~ : ];Ell jUE-Ldide Dal .Leather a coer'ttee to be compor.ee a:Comer road e airmen a:Ld roard hQap--rilente.rc rg; v'e:Elovea fra'E. 9011%100 yjjto en:1 1-1'irg -:o bear ui. LMs great nr.-J jno:or':.a:.rtt. prais i 3-t 300 full s'cl t of the T' CKpCrf.C3("O an'.i --.owleal_-e .'nC'j kaGW -:le weaknelle -, ourotructure, ac riu one e".:n i a Florida can Immit !7 knot;, cua mc 10 p:'actica i er-per-I erce :1 n a vest re a wee w!u ch we :-:act tar,. t-:e een seek the 32:---:100:: of the auditor er 0110 State a r -orida, u-.e -..au .ca of tl~.0 I'CG3 0 .a~~.li'8 Rand Co~Tlittee, thC 00000?0010:1 of t!N 073 20 loca Loara a.d ite :enrf, E!rd the help of reprocentat -to e: i:.; :-.rm co-arit:/ at''"icials. From thoce 303rr:en -..:e Chal-. put to;-ether a 1: for the ::.exir11-.t:t etilizat:121: of the fund:! row availrlb: e a11d :::vy ". Eb~ e to:::orrom: -.n -u:erealing oturidar.ce I -lo root hola -ap for y-a en:/ laut:1:;:: -hat ny eac--j ar, ac :/car 7,overr:or wi --~! comp]ctel:/ so_ve o ir road preta car, .Eu:; I de ve :fou th is so l em. mia confiderst nesurance ti.at wC C-:ac11 cor;-.ci: e e me:st Capab~e mir:ds wi-.h the nigIts:t purpor.c to act:ieve the heSt '''DiidE 3a thC aTealof 1-rea'.est 1-ee'in.
PAGE 5
."Du !!!'t .L [tt-j T.-."? bC5-r: 1.1.1.> r 2 --)-.1;: :11 0 -e'. "Il CCE-3 ..00 '.''):' :'C':hr"(1:GP Q (_Di'''-: rle re T::.'r be a e ras:!r.'s te -re:c, -E : Du wher, the 01.lpN[!WCOUrt i.C !ll: ',D PC--ggj ta' i;te lag Di' 3 Da or w!iat seria .M out:lt '.::l-e .The a:3rupl Perile ----I rili ri'l F--: !!".--:] ,'.7311 ,3 '.1, thc. cc ----r. 2-130 1-h--: _'Oli it.L:s tjsg:j.y r ----... .7 --eriE lir Unt!t %!;-:17 LO be .;1 -. rc.-.j-I ] hGitile ne "..! Orlai 01" the 0-..11 -1 c CC .Oil "IPC: lialLU.! LO age-p -; -.r:: 31:0 byre~i, ::.urire-_ges --; e hert. i.::. .ie tra : -:,s; pre n 3 C --O |.I':: t.rje '. Ln'.: ~ r chi~ e::: .-:'a -.c G -1 efKlG'r' .V&r.it i r:]iil ['1;33702 C;G 3. L L r r o overthrew uni' 6:>vr:Tr::.to.t, atr3 u: Kr-w 1 P [I 1 90 sha :';-''1101.: r.r. _-112; si & .al -C"-L .Olatillit i Or., t.1;" i:1:31, 2-:i'. 1 -C S .),r. E I. la .ItC:lli 200 .C .be pro be 1 10..Matce rre t.iie r'_[-::tra C..: .-.: -.i-e Cear-..c, r.ot t--, ::.grai.gon -arie C --. .1/-;. L'Jr".ei"U'.-r::' ;-;-: IN" "r:';.tr.'i-. -.h. ..-C.3; h:. le pr'' [ U'". 9]E! (1~_0::. jarle i :lc .jlji. : 5::. CC(:'--'y .-0:.120 G:-'O ('rOvt: 0:1:1]' :'O |1 |re-: gr. ;: .ycp en Tec |: o; -a to:. P::-r -.:: -:::t: 5 ::-3.r:r2 3: e 7 ::. stu. Do !r
PAGE 6
.P';L,12::".. IX. LC '',[:0~..11.0-1 :Tilli".7 Dutr;t:Mi.li;_ --;'-.''' -:i-.'_g,;rj. 'l'a -1..ar :>r'eti r: Cod POI:". c:., p:Let c Per:Ident a.' Mr..med na M:ja ,::c-i t '. .:!-i :-ser.5 1 -proir a I L. -: 's.:e:.no-, 2.-.-! -'.:;;: e:ad tto K;. r' de 9.0-9.0 .00[117-3 USCC NOC 2 |ilC-itej-. ') O ~j--3; b~_C 2.cgic lj:ll [ fr..::e ide t of' the b'is:6.]a it." A:sDClet:.aji, T i.1mci :w tii, 273:7 as:"!". 'j'. "lri-:Ori, e-st:' T:ie ".knarg~p'[C 1:atiley cy;.dio:1, i.;-:isr-e ---,siliteT -d'. | '.:2".1 1~-: .--:U :: Ni'l 9326'3_'.0"Di' t:LC pC|''.. 1;hr--; '-1-3:je t.3 CDUC 'l-DP 00115133. I. 5610 [:-92002'[[[[21-'.:0 0 '.' (:131' (il:! ;-'r.C.i :El O We-jN-:"jli.i :: De CD1;i"POili~Cd WiTh ree0:!t mC ~.32.0:26 ::i' the Cur-'re ic Court el .bc :JPi-.ed .tatee v;hlen viol:ste n'cCpted car.daTuo of .-i ''i al pov;CT, al oru[. 5 1,Tev.' aur; cur:cept:-. ra :.a 70 1.::013: le Plan the j''ederna Goverracrit arr.i tne co-;eral 3'.ntes, .Crala:"d FUi'-'if.'-.1 1903C) C O'll Of --he COU"'t BC 1,r2' C'.:g::'..a .!M E31:21.C:! al-ad ihe jaCQr.ji-', 6-lid a-23-C.PO-: ,'C:.C-..'_t,1:1,_' C::aa -,2:'0:15 al CO:lldivsjd i:y Ci]T' f'Ori'f9:i-l'Ar-'. Oljp232,0 CD!]Pl: Dj' i-he U!"|i teil ...{2*:.0 -; tal !!CuijELO-1 -O ouer ty 3:i:l ej al accree to em:rir-e i-he ::tCar.1::.'; :: 2 L25 i 1.Ut 01-2 Q" 6110 U]]ited $1-C.'-U lai'O C0[[10 1:0 t['O 1.'".ci-j tallC 0:.1[10303!03 that t:ie TeGO menisePShip Di' the ftpTOTie CDUPDE thC UT.I'~Cd tale hal emunPted m:Dra a colar;-m ot' nation 'ien -grica r .: -i.te E:sitor:1 of dus :10';020 s-:lt;: vrj:ic:1 -a '.no Uni:.:_ e t.i-Te Bria i'|_PldC.:.Crilij [;U~t G Of Ot.LT Ur and ln comp:leto :licroglPa 2:' the CC:=*1tutter. of -ne U::.ht1 -1, l'20 :t]":"i the ir.lle?!.t:16 NNLUG Di The 3.|i'OP013L 5tater: dei-coar.e-1 to aTroste to the:nse ;e:rinM, enm-:: et.:a, arPOI[|O 03XI CEClUGiVG ED'dOr O'/C"' i -1 2~0e2, the [i'er1Gr' il ODVer. |C"It ily!d ti"|C 1--00910 23:",0 oi' ::Ou VJha are als :'erer-t]r ::rPj ved in Flori:Ja me; 202 21301; -~)!C 2:165 _'_la~J.it:/ Of' l.a '-E CT-. ti-ft C:r-K'. itCr 366 -:d ot 111 m:.t be persimded .'fac 3:'e:' Joiti cer: o: the :n gemile tu:-ta: 'O i..tCCC;; Of 2:110 lEllJii, CollC i-.iel'U:: 1. iC 32[111-1/PN.CITL, rij-.".1 :jdOl.1-:.0:t PCilO l'atjG:-, Of-lCP fleyr:UD) ,;ORPG 7.Tii:.l:; li-i i:jir']] N:msje -,310 00?3-01-11 thill 0008310 Of 1.]]C OljpT'C";'O CO).LT'; 3-2 1-br: Tl '.ti-r.[ 20:136:: gje 001:1-.1 l's. 19]38I' I'U-QL t!",:at (-!P 1:lved 'Jri'.:CP ': j'C\'11'P1 300% Df ^_C,';IC '!7_:1 LDU Of" Edl".. .7 i.liC.iC -. tiligtet "illi--'i 1.210-30 l-C CDP'G::1: Gl'd 1 "|klie
PAGE 7
the are.. the i:attle i;n prCGerve freesoi;'. under ':ax 123 auffered perhapr a fetal ble. Over e allonth 4;n -it tae kicke|' r 'il l -,for this campn3gn in Chando l made m'/ posit-or; on thio :aatter cr-:stal clea:.: Certait-i r.ig:st-a woro preserve -a tiie states tz t':le Federal Canatitution s':ieti it wris aaopted, at-ui I !nte.s1 to de,.ar:d the o-Coorvance of each of those rights. : Ger-?G ELD':100 riow that i 1.fil, -Ira Overy legal Wa-j og ei-1 to :te Cs Golernor, throw the Nil "orce of the Strite and i:he ali l dis.ity of the ol'i'ico 1 Chall hold ceMn:i m:: PUrpose to nlaintain the integrjty of the lau. T will soi. cou:sto.ance violario:: of our bright, a:.d al l i not corziario an:; voluntary luluckling under '-o an i rr.za i -e F'ederal encrol.cluerat. 1at I. |1;'ve Salti (3003 TCP all 01.12 colist-ituti arial bright Iriclud3 ng specifical".:.T:te proposed creation of a Federal olet''ter to nyerace our elections, the Peacral Government'c attempt to force into:gstion in our schoolr., and over:; of.her effort to transgroos upon the consti tatj a::al Govereignt:; of the State of i.'.ios cla, i GoaU 105 te/c D.pon m;;Gelf -ate responsi M i 2 t:: of the goverr.orchin of the Sta-e of Florido to prolido over the destruet:.on of the power"; of thie covereist State." That '.3 stj U ray yo -010. Without modifloat/.on, hat happened in Tallahassee is: a dircot, unycenl::hed, frontal uttack on the inEt.i tut i.o. a:" prjviito property/ on to:e 9:-ee entertrise Goe teig in shieb we live, and o. the 01:ndarter:en'. aonctitu t i onn': guarantee that r.c citiren o proy:ert:: 3)-.21.1 -os: taker. rom h/.::i w. thout ..jue process of '.ex. -t 10 an efforr to eleveto
PAGE 8
Elle Galia.1 0.. -.-li:l'of Ce''i,0 11-. r:i t:'. "'0:13 !)t:DvC: thC j.-l'opert-: ri;11,3 t--f ell citicon-:, and, 10 cu-;tec .Pal, -:aouli open a i ar.riera's t::x af 11'.3 21::1 evilG thai, woule 'Jectro:; cal' a-.t -re eco:aa:13 e m id nacial structure .'falo le tt->e Ont:. :w art:me C:rart 's abur.e of Itc j:ot;e:-c :1wl i ? 1:e :to 3:00 otor that :1rzuse tot :: FN:'. t wj ll be irt the f trea i-.arre::t Pe.'eCL i.he e-Ete Dri Il'.:MiP I::'/ 00[110 that -:):Cre iG ::ts;/thl-t' iratiler'al E:tOttt D [[1073]-2.7 SelectiTE his --n1storfiers Dr -1.[U.frig do'dn the conditle:m tu):ler which he la wii1ins_to de 1-.uainean. Tl:e right to ori private property le parantee:i ir; the Cons-.1Guttor: of the U.I',eri St::.tes mi the nati er:: of 1,1-0 t's-.d Mr.:'. ch de set grant that right see :dmont without exocr -3or. Our enenties. Wherever the r--_cht to own property -10 -ier.tro:reri, the Imleri can w:y 3: 1120 2:311 he dor.troyed with '.t. This 10 3:; strand. If I were your ;-overnor I sou le m:0 ever:r power of the State a 1;rcservo ] GM er.d omer, :1r:1 ule the fa prea 23 t--c of the governor a por:ltion -:o rusta:n the 11:'..egrity of 1:he ".notitutle:i D'' private rropert;;. If I han doi;t to about tar: ;;i scion. of rightneGE 01our lawo or the -aluom or rightness of our Corsatitution I would take Thece doub1:5 to the tesiclature, atm ist -' tapocc the burden for their ::banr;e upon helpless -ace::hants tino -we operatirg within the .!aw anci necordirig to tac establiched ouGro::tc of the=2 corur:-mity, I believe there can be .o .ioubt in your rir.de as to ::c pollTioj) On t:tG' QUEGtioll Of Egret;atlOr1. I simT:ly bajieve t;Ult segregatio-; "a t:he nour.dest pol5cy for Florlde, for both itc racco, 1:: Its public schools arld ot as -mur goverTier i e ".:1 extreno e';cP'j CODatituijo.O .DOwer of thST offlee U3 !-31.3311: Cej-rgQLJ Dr
PAGE 9
Ond to .lo 30 [:UReefUli'.1 EU:1 f:ctermi[ted 1.hal. iij thili dif-Ort olfe .:hodJ E nhall roover be cloGed. 'i'he experier:cc of Dado Cour:G:: Er, .i'-c effor: to 3raccrc-:e tac conco_ at Orchard Vi -e" n abu1:dari-. proof of i-r.e atti tude of the people of I''l at ria en ahl o cab.leet .The Rhool Board cri-.3 ed for its is:ter;ration, but the poopic of Dade Count;;, oy the:ir omr: ::Drauct, have eh:ren accrogation, and what was former.l-/ a =1-1110 school hac in a short per to:i of tir.c tecome almod: eratirely a colored cohoo.. It :: iny cor.vi Otion --hat thoce Ubo Ceck La fer'ec .T.1-egrm-io1-1 upon the reluctant stares do a ras-: iniuttlee to WM'..r: and nolorer: people allite .Much of tile to--enaals progress 'de hw:e made t'.irous:t the year:s in r'aci 0] he.ri::or.:! nr.d lalproved condi-:lotis for Net:rum throua:1 vole-itar:/ action has --een comp 1.etc.1-.destro-;ed .-1::03 1011 this: tack va3th me to the dayD tofore suc Sur reme Court
PAGE 10
in 1:~j'O tha' On C/.rct I.031:13-300 i r: whi c h 1 cArveel ;:rowlaed the come '.-lentic:t j t'urris for the ear.eet ion X Nefra chilare a or; whi te children, a::d 11. many econUes of -Ja; Sote 1:ew '-;erro senaul exceedea ir, .12muer 651 cual:1ty t.h:me l'or whites. I*. waG :!n Floeida that the farc', thgre jl:,uge ir. the :-.outh was rappo:!ritou, tina 1:e precidei i n i:mica vai-:int-; titose ut::10 awet race ..!:-.et;emaj. x &.70 ugu una born m.. TG.;u a :t;; nu-;u m 0 :' 000 .:. erai .nior:1 da ';:n t.to Grus souT.iiera a i;ci.e .n us:. ch rje cement were :nDi.'-ni U::, pa:..:-:n ije -:, ;;e j antarhoodu .E: a.. vu : ro uclEare workere enti Nellra nue:Pa scrui:2 in Flori-:.la':a wet 'are and heel-;n departments. But tiie ha--me::y -E-etween the r:Moe whic!i 2:ic rhe:;e adva::ceu osa tale ::Es new been co:rtpletri :ier i:ro:md T::e dete-.-mba.t j o:: 24 :mr e-' i.icon::, both un. te an. c.'r.-se to co:ve the'r own problems without l'orec or hatemi het; temen.ja-.1n proe'ise for the :state. QW, ilrwC's'Or, the Gilprei:LG CoUrt it&C -..31".;0% COrte l' on 1 Ully TIle ir-1 -3'o[ .erMi NOUn 3:10--"0-230-.: y N~' al 1.LriferEta!~cl'../ ilaC I:ee-1 ut?\"el"C: !."." Itt:17''jc:.., -!:0 1"1060 OnO ritPCr;tr Of -:1010200 r::'U I.,:le 20:;1; Lt 1-:7090;"0, 90 --OllP :NVerm:2, U-; y;rE-Cevi: ;ee''t. i:jild Dellet nnd to PC--cutal-~.5 rni ait att::org:Leye in CDC1.0):-; ir, L;nieli t!ae geog le o Dir::tate em: evo:ve for Ge--Alve:; o saluto:: to this proi-lem. C -.he t,1-rac i al comma base va i ch are i.:o ec. ''or:ic:i i n nr: c'..n cities aber 20211:.3 si11 t1:.pn the ie al.te:.: or su oc-or JKr tite harmon that once extrted t emer: ti-.e race;-, anj r:3-.ht:Idir:t en -3:30:3 o--orinimienUot: beimocri the 70003, 3:hey cun perform a ser'lice of inmn:ie V: .uo. If the reau: 3, 3-are:e:cr ja eimpl:-; to enocure'-e the Negro to acuert so-or-lied moral "laims where i;t.:ere nee 3.0 10;7: c'.gua: tiaey wi 1 on_:: ines te more r-roul:le e.d. 1:re.m --.nar :.;ach 10
PAGE 11
tac c.rfert o of inr-n mid goo:1 1:1-.1 of i-oth racer to fin;i :i solution To -.blo g'e-:om proi s, ii the lors rui the slutlei. to --here ;;robles, and to moot problems uat uo face _len i:: Elie improved cue !3 t;/ et' nur uni:i., c'" al.' co ;ar:1. Ismed cant ::lace the ch'_e rec::Gricjl:llity for that quality ori the .iarie r:r i UN church i;ut for toverrnom our _:gryuter t Einric re-ponsibij t:/ 10 the erit cati oi, ni ou r co -. lda:n To !:te it Geem to 00..10=, :n 0:3 :-:jghL i'ol',.ow::. .:j-!y, th;.it -10 we i ave our claid rt:n ac'.ter tha:1 ournolvec 3D cital 1 ':10 prov ide for thein better thmi t:0 pro;: '.de for our other need3 .Whilt.w:e l' -a !'eavired to men'. Our caucational goGlo e:e ::ssi do; whratever support our educators require to achieve our e:hicat 0: :.1 goal G ::':r: a he forthcoini:-g at ,iae:S not mean we must or shoul, tair.:1. y 2::eep:: eve-y caucational proogram anu pr'act:ioc which hel teen aaopte:i 11: aur school 3 '.'hi s cur.palcin will i:e wort-.:. :0 .I ::3c-/forts e.:id yours 1: out of it comes only un aroused interest le se purj:1:: seneal program, in th..:: r.cud for olaccroo:-ts Por' a-ir e.Utirer-., j,-. the: iunairicatioris of our i:ccohers, assi i. the eduentjarial ;;os.is wn-ca cro teing purcued Many of you w'.H res:aj:1 vivjuly t::e :oridistan :.C oui. r;ehoo .s alter Erid ter 11. 'She a-a-e cortteltu:.eu a'alost noi..hi im Ua Lhelr support, and L;y ever;/ nana;ed we were :e;;.!' tag co-,tom n' the :n:tjoaci Icador. The :.eDP.is".: Di~ 1--jf-:i di. :.CC:.itt: GO eGitueriiOU "j'2.6 Oli Svtyr Florida t::c;; ca:ae todether in C.' ti 301. -Jucation Go:-initect -, r::. La .k otout our reak:ten, to i":'n::. out where they rceded to more 'n r::ta help. On of thet concern End that aroused r i _ir interest 701:
PAGE 12
..111;:". ?0:31.606:*:.] Dj-. : E'O:.;:sor.1, 'ad 1,|10 1,3:5;7. |:-.r! I':, .r .3.. .latDe-; a:' edi;r: etf cri [3 ?"...6 0:., a .. etr :-a-.:e eti:ar i ::1.r:] 1 e rev : le t:ae -!ati:le a .; re -.:'onal:" c C publ'.a .' tuonn y r. eu e :.::| col : a:m o t e-. r a:ppe e er 1:: r'.1 e:.0:212 cri :. n List ex-,p:!gu :.c we -.1 al th' c. ; e -:13: CC 05. .221 .~::"1:11 C"I 220;17', ''21..i p:'Ofe::E-',;:ta -O3t'".ll:UUe; preT)G-3-t: 01:2 e | :l 1.;:.ll''r.d t 3 i',321:: a rie:-.:-gj-3.i r,:ref r-'d pyhe |e y,1; j -/ g g;;[mg_ S -0111. IG-/". i "e:'ffi rt!le'') t]:03 Nhlt;h -.d ;;yj ;-y :3iye j '_.-ri:_i, en '.:: :t -t -se -a:' --thora thre-a Oi-r ful a oct be r.:1 :m c-florT, c N:Re car (:-11:nctic,1,::1 sysTe::1 t|-.e "13302-6 a the --.. j.e-t a. I"i:. detCr|:if. -,0 MiG i. Our t::il;G;il-'':ri_~: .-..:r' T,0 ] -| r t PCC~~.i~'T. :-:::d "al-.eri put C-1r :1hou~ :!r.:rig ID 1. x w 1 e t I'!t :1~ E'l-C'.i OT: 2|l l'CGt OG we :U'O .::;'p;i'r;le, .:Fl"J." mi :: tt]C tj'_180:-d -; mothr:P WCC e er:/iaol belicher -m.: titree deu-!-. a .i-L!N)'lt :'-00001 00100 dC-; --r7 E-, fg so--, 1-. --o | !. .: ,300 210:~1 0:e [:|06 P. Cri'i:rif'O'dri 614 ':.sh::iwi1.1-;;1::: 7:r:, : -..-ge;: We' eXpeC i i l'-t 2~:0005 Of Dur |-7:0:"::merli. to f:POW .,'i' y --i ,0 0033$ Ulla:. Ou:' POpttli~tiGI: :163 31''10|1'.. C ;i U:j 19. 20 .-fe;T:-: but I wonder how r; a::-,Geopj e im: tre:Gro not nur State la :e: h me al:rtout EMp ieri f.ri that m:rte ;;eriod or L me. I few Weed a[-C i T;mdr: the StatemCft t'rat .1 Or 301 623 CE:| t'r' :lij'?Hd 3:1 thC Delt 1.WD ;.;e:tru irl il-_Q C :1'01. On Of 1.::e O'-/Orf)[id:j'at GT' toO It'lte of Floria:x. l';):er. I m:2.3..2 t,'--i;:t ::t.::tel:1c):t 1 was afin iriten:ied to to extre.':el:: eet:p:erva-..ive .3 ri:e ti'n; Mille T' 102 :SoveNIOP 00 F'.Ori.iil ;lmi :..:--;-j EC:j :'tc i-hO 2 the pos;;j b ~ 10 '.. .O liiVST.gG 13 ff!P j.fi 0210033 Ci~' '..hat fif--.ar-,
|
