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P08 RELEASE: 2:30 P. M. Tuesday. February 3;, xoso
Miami Beach,
Dade County. Florida
February Zl, 1956
I hereby announce that 1 am a candidate for Governor of Florida.
subject to the Democratic primary elections of May, 1956. My candidacy
is based upon my record as Governor of Florida from January 4, 1949 to
January 0, 1953, and upon each and every plank of the following platform.
1 sscnscanou l/
As governor, I will do everything within my power to maintain
segregation in Florida, and I will assume active leadership for legisla-
tion to accomplish that purpose.
2. STRICT LAN ENFORCEMENT /
The full power of the governor's office will be vigorously used
to secure strict enforcement of all laws. particularly the laws against
illegal gambling.
The governor of Florida has no direct law enforcement power;
general law enforcement power is vested by the state constitution in
elected and appointed county officials. The governor of Florida has no
direct authority to compel county officials to enforce the laws: he is
vested only uith the power to suspend (not remove -o only the state sen-
ate can remove a suspended official) a county official for neglect of
duty to enforce the law. and for five other causes.
The official record shows that. during the first Warren admin-
istration, l suspended more county law enforcement officials for neglect
of duty to enforce the laws against illegal gambling than any of the other
counties control both the state senate and the house of representatives
of the Florida legislature. If this proposed anendment were adopted, the
ao-called hi3 counties would control the house of representatives and the
so-called snall counties would continue to control the state senate. Such
a situation would be comparable to the United States Congress in which
each state. no matter how snail or large. has two (2) United States sena-
tors, and each state has congressmen in proportion to its population.
Thus. New York (the nest populous state) has only two (2) United States
senators, but forty-three (43) congressmen. while Nevada (with the smallest
population of any state) also has two (2) United States senators. but only
one (1) congressman. This systes of representation has worked very well
for the Nation for sore than 166 years; there is no sound reason to be-
lieve it would not work alright for Florida.
The constitutions of four states -- South Carolina. New Jersey,
Montana, and Idaho -- provide for a senator for each county. There is no
proof that this system has hurt those states.
No other practicable system for fair legislative representation
being possible in the foreseeable future, 1 favor Senate Joint Resolution
No. 7.
M
I favor a revised constitution for the state of Florida. I
7. A NEW STATE CONSTITUTION
believe the legislature and the second Warren administration. with mutual
and reciprocal respect each for the other. can get a l957-nodel state
constitution submitted to the people of Florida. 1 believe the people
would adopt the kind of constitution we would subnit to then.
8. SELF-GOVERNMENT FOR CXTIES \//
AND COUNTIES
That governaent which is most closely and intimately under the
direct observation and control of the people is most responsive to the
people's will, and I will actively support practicable anendnents to the
9. was rusuc scnOOLs V"
The public schools of Florida have made their greatest progress
as a result of policies and prograns put into effect by the first warren
administration, the legislature and the state cabinet. The money to
finance the public schools was provided by our joint efforts. Revenue
made possible by the first Warren administration and the legislature has
provided the two raises in salary received by school teachers since 1951.
The warren adninistration sponsored the anendnent to the con-
stitution (Article 12, Section 18. adopted in 1032) which allocated one-
half of the revenue frol the sale of automobile license plates (tag money)
to the building of badly-needed school buildings. Of course, it took
action by the legislature and a favorable vote by the people of Florida
to put this anendaent into effect and to make possible the building of so
nany splendid school buildings in the sixty-seven counties of Florida.
The expected increase in revenues from present taxes should be
largely applied to the increased needs of the public schools. increase
of revenues for the fiscal year l954o55 over the previous fiscal year
amounted to about loomillion dollars. The increase for the first six
aonths of the lQSS-So fiscal year over the first six nonths of the pre-
vious fiscal year was a little sore than OQ-nillion dollars. With this
ratio of increase continuing throughout the current fiscal bienniun, it
would nean that from present taxes the state governnent will have about
io-oillion dollars more of revenues than it had during the previous fis-
cal bienniun (l053-53). With the continuing growth and expansion of
Florida during the fiscal biennium beginning July 1, l957. revenues from
present taxes would increase at least soonillion dollars over the current
hienniun (l955-57).
With such enornous anticipated increase in revenues fro. pre-
sent taxes. the needs of the public schools and the needs of other state
services could be adequately financed.
Congress is now considering a bill which would provide 400 nillion
dollars per year in federal grants to the states to meet the urgent needs
The second warren adninistrntion will support the public schools.
colleges and universities in every prudent nay. Every proper effort will
be aade, within existing tax liaitations. to neet the educational needs of
the state.
10. rue FLORIDA rurwrxxs L
The first Warren adninistration sponsored the Florida turnpike
project. it conducted the first engineering surveys for a turnpike. lt
appointed a statewide citizens' connittee to study and promote a turnpike.
With the aid of the press, chanbers of commerce, civic clubs. public offi-
cials and private citizens, the first Warren adninistration nobiliaed
statewide public sentinent for a turnpike.
The second Warren administration can and will coaplete the job
that was started in 1951 by the first Warren administration.
I.
11. noans AND anxncss L//
The first Warren adninistration constructed more roads and
bridges than the adninistration of any other governor of Florida. At
tines. we had roads or bridges under construction sinultaneously in each
of the sixty-seven counties.
We established for the first time the division of secondary
roads in the State Road Depertnent. We worked in close cooperation with
the county commissioners of each county to construct secondary road: so
that they would best serve the interest of the public.
We not only built all the roads and bridges existing revenues
nade possible, but we financed fron revenue certificates and constructed
the Sunshine Skynay at St. Petershurg (said to be the longest over-water
bridge in the world) and the two great bridges and the expressway system
at Jacksonville. Both of these great projects that benefit all Florida
were constructed without cost to the taxpayers. Tolls are paying for
their construction. and they are yielding incone far in excess of original
estinates.
expressway and bridge projects; for example, we will carefully survey the
feasibility of the proposed expressway fron South Miami Beach across
Virginia Key, Biscayne Key and Key Largo to the present Overseas Highway.
If found feasible, the second Warren administration will proceed to con-
struct it. Just as we did the Sunshine Shyuay (which had been proposed
for a period of about 25 years before the first warren adninistration be-
gan its construction) and the Jacksonville Expressway (which had been
talked about but not constructed over a period of nany years).
12. muss!) ounces i/J
Bridges across rivers. canals and creeks in cities should not
be raised during the hours of heaviest traffic - fro- 7:30 to 9:00 A.M.
and from 4:30 to 6:30 P.M.
As governor, I shall undertake to uork out an ngreeaent with
the Federal Govern-eat (which controls all navigable waters) whereby
bridges which cross navigable streams shall not be raised during such
hours.
13. CATNALKS FOR PISHBRMEK /
AND PEDESTRIANS
Citizens have an inherent right to fish in the public streams
of this state. Pedestrians have as much right to the use of bridges
spanning public streams as uotorists. Cstualhs. or pedestrian walhuays.
should be constructed on all bridges over rivers, channels, creeks and
streams in Florida.
The first warren adainistration instituted the policy of con-
structing catualks on such bridges. Catunlhs for the convenience of
fishermen and pedestrians were constructed by the Warren administration
on the Baker's Haulover bridge in Dade county, on the Sunshine Shyuay
bridge in Pinellas and Manatee counties. and on 72 other bridges in the
state.
The second Warren adninistration will continue to construct
14. ms PARKING vacuum 9/-
Pinding a place to park in many Florida cities has hero-e one
of the nost acute and aggraVating problens that annoy and inconvenience
citizens and visitors. The problen hasn't been solved by private enter-
prise. Cities thenselves apparently don't have the resources to solve
the ever-increasing problen of finding space in which to part a car or
truck while attending to business in the downtown areas of Florida cities.
This condition is not only harassing to hundreds of thousands of citizens.
but it is hurting the business of merchants. bankers, doctors, dentists.
lawyers. and nenbers of other professions and occupations in the down-
town areas of Florida towns and cities.
The tine has cone for the state government to step in and try
to solve this depressing problem. It has been said that it is the duty
of governnent to do for citizens those things they are unable in their
individual capacities to do for thenseIVes. As governor. I will urge the
legislature to authorize self-liquidating. nulti-level parking garages in
all cities and towns now troubled by insufficient parking space. After
financing and constructing such parking garages. the state probably should
lease then to the best bidder for private operation. The state should not
go into any business that can be handled by private enterprise.
15. STATE PIRANCES
When the first Warren administration began on January 4, 1949.
there was a surplus of only about $5,000,000 in the treasury. and the
state government was confronted with obligations for the ensuing fiscal
biennium of about $70.000.000 in excess of estimated revenue. The joint
efforts of the legislature and the Warren ad-inistration provided revenue
to pay every obligation of the state govern-est, and this was done without
ingosing any tax 22 the main necessities 2; life.
During the four years of the first Wsrren administration, the
state government was administered so frugally and econonically that, at
the end of the last fiscal year of our adninistration. every current ob-
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renained in the treasury. The cheerful cooperation of the state cabinet
was of great aid in bringing about this achievement.
The second Warren administration will administer the finances
of the state government in an equally frugal and economical manner.
0
v
to. A FACTORY ma EVERY comm: l/
-.
Florida had few factories before 1949. in 1947. there were
only 2,807 manufacturing plants in Florida. In 1949, the Warren adminis-
tration started a vigorous campaign to get new factories for Florida. By
155. there were more than 5,000 factories in Florida -- nearly twice as
many as before the Warren administration.
During the five years following the start of the Warren adninis-
tration's industrial development campaign. about $400,000,000 was invested
in new or expanded industry in Florida o- nearly half a billion dollars.
Every county in Florida, especially the small ones. needs at
least one new factory. This would give employment with good wages to many
people. It would increase the prosperity of every county. Using the know
how acquired during nearly four years of sncceasfully promoting industrial
development in Florida. the second Warren administration will set as its
goal at least one new factory for each of the airty-aeven (67) counties.
l7. FLOOD CONTROL V/
The first Warren administration. with the unanimous cooperation
of the legislature. launched the great central and south Florida flood
control program, covering seventeen (17) counties. This flood control
program has vastly benefited Florida agriculture and ultimately will
benefit nearly every citizen of Florida.
The second Warren administration will push the flood control
program forward toward completion.
/
18. TOURISM
at the state level to mate Florida a sumner tourist resort. As a result
of the first Warren administration's tourist promotion program. which was
aided and assisted by many organisations and individuals. hundreds of
thousands of additional tourists cane to Florida. and Florida now profit-
ably entertains nearly as many visitors in the sooner as in the winter.
with this background of successful experience in promoting
tourisn. the second Warren administration will undertake an even nore
extensive campaign to attract new visitors to Florida.
19. ran turns-auaaxcau CULTURAL L/
AND TRADE CENTER
The first Warren administration -- aided and assisted by the
Florida legislature. the state cabinet. the press. chanbers of commerce
of the greater Miami area. other civic organizations and nany private
citizens (particularly Dr. V. H. walker) -- launched the inter-American
Center project.
The second Warren administration will cooperate fully in the
completion of this great projected permanent international exposition.
which will inneasurably benefit Florida and the Kestern Hemisphere.
20. neronasrarxos V/
The first Warren administration promoted a "pinetree prosperity"
program that has added many millions of dollars of value to Florida for-
cats. During the four years of the first warren administration, twenty
(20) counties were brought under protection from forest fires. As many
counties were put under protection froa forest fires during the four-year
period of the Warren administration as during the administrations of all
other Florida governors coahined.
The second Warren administration will continue the program of
"pinetree prosperity" by the extension of fire protection to additional
forest lands. by vigorous enforcement of the laws against woods-burning.
by encouragement of tree planting. and by all other practicable means
21. BTTBR PAY FOR POLICBNEN AND FIRBMBN
Policenen and firemen of nany towns and cities of Florida are
grossly underpaid.
The second Warren administration will fully cooperate with
cities and towns in a feasible progran to provide better pay for police-
nen and fireuen.
22. PUBLIC UBALTH
The first Warren administration, with the splendid cooperation
of the legislature, constructed three of the four great tuberculosis
hospitals in Florida. Thousands of victims of tuberculosis have been
cured in these hospitals. The first Warren administration also sponsored
an expanded progran for the State Board of Health. The people of Florida
are far healthier today than they were when the first Warren administration
began serving the state on January 4, 1949.
The second Warren administration will do everything possible to
make the people of Florida even healthier.
23. Egg CITRUS INDUSTRY
Florida's great citrus industry was rescued fro. threatened
banhruptcy by Joint action of the first Warren adninistration and the
Florida legislature, by enacting the "taste-test" citrus code and other
legislation beneficial to the citrus industry.
The second Warren adninistration will do everything proper and
possible to promote the continued growth and expansion of the Florida
citrus industry. Particular effort will be nade to improve the price
and narhet for Florida grapefruit.
34. FARMERS
Having worked on a farm during much of my boyhood, and being
deeply aware of the iuportance of farming to all citizens, I shall do
everything within my power as governor to aid Florida far-err. I an
i shall fully use the powers of the governor's office in an
earnest endeavor to improve Florida agriculture in general.
25. DEVELOPRBNT 2: AGRICULTURE
AND LIVESTOCK
The first Warren administration pronoted in nany ways the
development of agriculture and livestock. Renoving livestock frou the
highways was of trenendous benefit to owners of livestock. It has re-
sulted in the fencing of hundreds of thousands of acres of grazing land
and vast inprovenent in the breed of cattle.
The second Warren adninistration will do everything possible
and proper to promote the continued expansion of Florida's agriculture
and livestock.
26. HIGHWAY SAFETY u/'
The first Warren adninistration carried on a ceaseless can-
paign to stop the killing and crippling of people in traffic collisions.
We re-established the Citizens' Safety Council. We established the Teen-
agers' Safety Council. With the splendid cooperation of the legislature,
the Warren administration outlawed livestock fron public highways and
thereby saved many lives and prevented nany injuries. In other ways, we
did everything possible to lake driving safer on the roads and streets
of Florida. We were not very successful in reducing traffic deaths and
injuries, but we worked at it very hard.
The second Warren adninistration will launch a new and even
harder-hitting safety program.
27. BQUALLY PAIR AND XMPARTIAL TREATMENT/.
I
I.
2: LABOR AND MANAGEMENT V
A great and growing Florida requires industry. labor and
capital. All are essential.
As governor, I will exercise the powers vested in ac to see
do all in my power to bring about cooperation and good will between
labor and nanagenent.
28. AGAINST SBCTIONALISM "//
For many years Florida's progress was retarded by sectionalisn.
The "all-Florida progran of the first Warren administration alnost eli-
minated sectionalisn in Florida. Since the first Warren administration
ended. sectionalisn has been revived in Florida and has done much harn
to our state.
The second Warren administration will take a conpletely non-
sectional approach in solving problems oppressin; our state. I was born
and brought up in west Florida, lived and practiced law for many years in
north Florida. and for nore than three years have been a citizen and resi-
dent of south Florida. This experience has caused no to be conpletely
devoid of sectionalisn. i will be able to again give non-sectional ser-
vice to our entire state.
39. A DADB COUNTY [DSTICB
2: THE SUPREME COURT
Approximately 40% of all cases decided by the Florida Suprene
Court are appealed from Dade County. Approximately onethird (1/3) of
all the lawyers in the state reside in Dade County. There are seven
justices of the Florida Supreme Court. but none is from Dade County.
One of the few mistakes nade by the first Warren adninistration was ny
failure to appoint none Dade County lawyer or Judge as a justice of the
Florida Supreme Court.
Should a vacancy in the Suprene Court occur during the second
Warren adninistration. it is my intention to appoint an outstanding Dade
County lawyer or judge to fill it.
30. AIDING PLORIDA'S DEFENDER? CITIZENS
v
The first Warren administration and the legislature enacted
suspended a total of thirty-one (ill ~lrrted officials in carrying out the
duty imposed upon the governor of Florida tomtake care that the law: be
faithfully executed." No other governor of Florida ever nade so many
suspensions in discharging this duty inposed by the state constitution.
For more than fifty years before the first Warren administration.
illegal gambling had openly operated in Florida with little or no inter-
ference fron governors. or from county law enforce-est officials. Within
fourteen (l4) nonths after l been-e governor, Florida newspapers reported
(in February. lQSO) that open illegal ganbling (as everyone knows. pari-
nutucl wagering at race tracks and Jai ulni frontons is entirely legal,
with the state as a virtual partner) had been closed down. Sneak gnnh-
ling had been considerably curtailed.
Prior to 1949. in five (5) sessions of the legislature during
the administrations of three (1) governors of Florida. anti-bookie bills
had been introduced. but defeated each time. In the first session of the
legislature after I became governor in 1949. another anti-bookie bill was
introduced. With my active aid. it was passed by the legislature, and l
signed it into law. The antiohoohie law has turned out to be the strongest
blow ever struck against illegal gambling by the state of Florida.
Armed with this act, Florida's fearless attorney general.
Honorable nichord H. Ervin. with the aggressive assistance of the Warren
adsinistration. the State Racing Commission (which Mr. Sevin publicly
praised on page 66 of his lnterin Report dated May 18. 1950. on "Enforce-
nent of the Anti-Bookie Law ihapter 25016, Acts of 19437 For First Year
Following Effective Date Of The Act"), and other conscientious law enfor-
cenent officers, alnoat put bookies out of business in Florida.
During the four years of the first Warren administration, the
official records of the State Racing Commission show that 839 alleged
bookies were ejected fron horse race tracks. and only 38 were reinstated
by the two racing rounissions that served during the warren administration.
During the administration of no previous governor of Florida were so nany
bookies ejected and so few reinstated.
The first Warren adainistration established the first Florida
Conference on Gerontology to study and solve problens of the state's
elderly citizens. This organization is still working faithfully at its
task.
The second Warren administration will do everything feasible in
behalf of Florida's elderly citizens, dependent children and the blind.
31. BRINGING THE GOVERNOR'S OFFICE 22 YOU
During the first Warren adninistration, l was unable to fully
carry out ny pledge to see everybody who wanted to see ne. I tried very
hard to fulfill this pledge. According to records kept by my secretary
during 37 four years as governor, 16,685 scheduled interviews were held
in the governor's office and an additional 6,018 callers were received.
Long distance telephone conversations were held on 16,025 incoaing and
9,430 outgoing calls. A total of 137.607 letters were received. 1 made
242 official trips, involving 138.701 ailea of travel. 1 worked from
10 to 15 hours a day. but I was unable to attend to all the other duties
of the governor's office and still see everyone who wanted to see no.
I an sorry l was not able to fully make good on that pledge. but I did
the best I could.
During the second Warren administration, it is my intention
to set aside at least one day each nonth (except during sessions of the
legislature when nearly every ninute of the governor's tine is required
on legislative matters) to see everybody who nay call at the governor's
office on that day.
Realizing it is inconvenient for aany citizens in south Florida
and in other areas renote fro- the state capital to travel all the way to
Tallahassee to see the governor about state business. 1 intend to go to
those areas fron tine to tine to confer with citizens who have any busi-
ness to take up with the governor's office. it is ny plan to ask for
temporary space in the county courthouses where ny administrative assist-
ants and I can confer with citizens about any business they have with the
32. PUBLIC nuswess ensue /
I favor transacting all public business in public. All offi-
cial leetings of all state boards and commissions of which the governor is
a ae-her will be open to the public. press. television. fldio and h"
media of public information.
33. STATES' RIGHTS
When the states entered the Union. they specifically reserved
to themselves every right not specifically delegated to the Federal Govern-
ment. Each state is sovereign. Each state possesses the rights not 29¢-
cifically delegated to the Federal Government by the United States Consti-
tution. A state is not a political subdivision of the Federal Government.
As governor, I shall do everything within my power to fully
maintain the rights of the State of Florida and to resist any attempted
encroachment upon such rights by the Federal Government.
34. EVERY MAN A_COLONBL; EVERY LADY A
COLONKL'S LADY OR A LADY COLONEL
-o_
During the first Warren adainistration. thousands of worthy
women and men were appointed as honorary lieutenant colonels on the
governor's staff. in recognition of their good citizenship. During the
second Warren ad-inistration. this sane wholesome policy will be followed ~
every man a colonel: every lady a colonel's lady or a lady colonel.
35. PROMOTING PLORIDAS
PROGRESS AND PROSPERITY
During the first Warren ad-inistration, the power and authority
of the governor was, for the first tine. used aggressively to promote the
progress and prosperity of Florida. As governor. I traveled to more than
a dozen states to personally invite the citizens of such states to visit
Florida and to invest in Florida. l also nade a tour of nine Central anJ
South American countries, with a total population of lore than 90 million
As governor. I appeared. without expense to the state. on
national television and radio ngworks to boost Florida. I wrote liter-
ally thousands of letters to citizens and business firms in other states.
inviting them to visit Florida and to lowest in Florida.
A similar program of promotion and publicity for Florida wil.
be carried out during the second Warren administration.
36. MERIT APPOININENTS V,
All appointments to public office will be based on ability.
integrity and loyalty. It is my firm belief that we will be able to
find in every community. loyal supporters and friends who can meet
these qualifications.
During the first Warren administration, 135 citizens were
appointed by me to vacancies in elective offices, both state and county.
These officials served so well that their fellow citizens elected 94
of the 114 who chose to run for full terms in the offices to which they
were first appointed by me.
37. WOMEN 1! GOVERNMENT
Full recognition will be given to women in the natter of
appointments to public office.
During the first Warren adninistration, l appointed almost
250 women to positions of public responsibility in Florida. The first
and only woman ever to serve on the State Board of Control, Hrs. jessie
nail DuPont. was appointed by ac. It is generally acknowledged that
Mrs. DuPont rendered outstanding service on this important board. which
has supervision over the tax-supported universities and colleges of
Florida.
During the second Warren adninistration, capable women will
be called upon to render public service to our state.
38. REPUBLICANS
I shall do everything I honorably can to keep Democrats in public
offic|¢.hut, as governor, I shall serve unmocrata, Republicans. independ
cuts and all other citizens with impartiality and without partisanship.
I have high personal regard for a nuaber of Republican leaders
in Florida. As governor. I shall giv: nonnpartisan cooperation to these
and other Florida Republicans in all matters that serve the general wel-
fare of the people of thin state,
39. COOPEIATION WIT THE STATE DEMOCRATIC
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND COUNTY
DEMOCRATIC EXECUTTVB COMMITTEES
Ac governor. I shall cooperate fully nith the State Democratic
Executive Committee and with all county Democratic executive committees
on all aatters affecting the welfare of the Democratic party. If the
state governaent of Florida. and the county and municipal governments are
to continue under the prudent and progressive administration of Democratic
officials, it is absolutely essential that the governor of Florida aggres-
sively cooperate with the state and county executive conaittees of the
Democratic party. To this end, I shall welcome the recommendations of
the State Democratic Executive Committee of three (3) persons to fill
each vacancy that may develop in elective atatewide office. and the re-
commendations by County Democratic Executive Committees of three (3) per-
sons to fill each vacancy that may develop in elective county office.
I shall give thorough consideration to any such recommendations.
although I could not be absolutely bound by such recommendations. since
Article 4. Section 7, of the atate conatitution imposes solely upon the
governor of Florida the duty and obligation to fill vacancies in elective
office, and it does not permit him to delegate auch duty.
40. A CLEAN CAMPAIGN
It is my purpose to conduct a clean and constructive campaign.
and I earnestly hope I may be permitted to do so. A campaign {or the
mud-slinging and character-assassination. If anyone tells a lie about
ne, 1 will have to tell the truth on bin.
41. NBNSPAPERS
l have sincere respect for newspapers generally. I believe
deeply not only in a free press but also in a fair and truthful press.
I do not believe in the infallibility of the press. Newspapers are owned
and edited by human beings. Newspaper owners and editors are not neces-
sarily any wiser or nore honorable than ministers, bankers. doctors. den-
tists, laborers, lawyers, hotelnen. public officials and nenbers of other
occupations. They are engaged in private business for private profit.
They have no higher authority to speak for the public than any other
businesanan. Their duty to tell the truth is as high as that of any other
private citizen. They have no moral or constitutional right to arbitra-
rily defane their opponents and praise their pets. Generally speaking.
Florida editors and publishers of newspapers have done their duty; regret-
tably, a few have not.
As governor. 1 will show then the respect and deference due
their high calling. I earnestly hope they will reciprocate.
42. CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS 1948
When I ran for governor in lOdS, the low of Florida linited to
515.000 the anount of noney that could be spent in a primary election by
a candidate for governor or in his behalf, with his knowledge and consent.
Before qualifying as a candidate for governor in 1048. I turned
over to a friend the entire responsibility of financing ny campaign, with
the distinct understanding that l was to have no part in necuring con-
tributions or naking expenditures; that i would do the campaigning. and
that he would do the financing of the campaign. This understanding was
followed throughout the campaign. I correctly reported to the Secretary
of State as required by law, "all money spent by ne or in ny behalf. with
my knowledge and consent through or by any other peraon.
candidacy. in 1948, Florida law did not prohibit any citizen fron contrio
buting any anount of noney in behalf of a candidate for governor. In 1948,
Florida law oinply linited to $15,000 the total expenditures that could be
made for a candidate for governor 31 him or in his behalf, with his tnuw-
1:353 and consent throujh or by any other person.
For nany elections before (and after) 1948, it had been the
general practice for citisens of Florida to contribute huge suns of money
in behalf of candidates for governor and United States senator. In the
1940 primary election in which X uas an unsuccessful candidate for governor,
one source alone contributed $250,000 in behalf of ANOTHER candidate for
governor -- that candidate for governor reported to the Secretary of State
that less than $15,000 had been spent by him or in his behalf. with his
knowledge and consent by or through any other person.
in the 1050 prinary election, when the law of Florida still
limited to $15,000 the amount of money that could be spent 21 a candidate
for u. s. senator or in his behalf. with his knowledge and consent through
or by any other person, it was widely reported that campaign contributions
totaling about $2,000,000 (3-million dollars) were made in the race for
United States senator.
in 1051 the legislature passed. and I signed into law, a bill
which removed all limit from the amount that could be spent in behalf of
a candidate for any office, but limited to $1,000 the aaount that could
be contributed by one person in behalf of a candidate. This law also
embodies other improvements over the law in effect when i ran for governor
in 1968.
The three wealthy men said to have contributed to a campaign
fund in behalf of my candidacy for governor in 19d8 earned their health
by hard work and sound business Judgment, and they had full legal right
at that time to contribute any amount in behalf of the candidacy of any
person they preferred.
Perhaps no contributiono ever made in behalf of any candidate
for governor of Florida nade possible so nany benefits to all the neonlc
that came to Florida during the {our year period, 1949 lQSE; and the
policies and programs put into effect by the first Warren administration
have had a large part in producing the continuing prosperity and progress
that Florida has enjoyed during the three years since 1952.
43. HORKERS FOR PLORIDA'S
CONTINUED PROSPERITY
Every citizen of Florida has a vital interest in the outcone of
the current caapaign for governor.
Everybody in Florida would benefit by four nore years of the
progress and prosperity that was produced by the policies and prograns of
the first Warren adniuistratiou.
In the case of Miles Laboratories v. Echerd (73 Southern Re-
porter. 2d Series. page 680) decided by the Florida Supreme Court on
March lo, 1954, one of its Justices held that during the period l949 ;
1953 it It! a
"self-evident {act that this state and its people
were enjoying unprecedented prosperity and the
econonic structure of this sovereign state was
as sound as it has ever been at any stage of its
history."
Another Justice, in the sane natter, held that, since 1949
"Florida in general and its nerchants in particular
have enjoyed economic success to a degree without
parallel in its history."
The active support of every nan, woman and child in Florida who
wants a continuation of this progress and prosperity is earnestly desired.
If you are willing to work actively in our campaign. please get
in touch with our statewide canpaign nanager, or with one of our county
canpaign nanagers, or let ne know personally.
44. CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS 1956
any prinary or general election in excess of $1,000 in value. It also pro-
hibita certain persons and {iron tron natin; contributions in any a-ount.
within the provisiona of this law. any contribution fro- a dine to a dollar.
fron one to one thouaand dollars. will be gratefully accepted. Contributions
should be nailed, or personally delivered, to the officially designated can-
paign treasurer. or to any deputy treasurer appointed by hin.
Every canpaign contributionl no matter how anall, will be grate-
fully and promptly acknowledged in writing.
45. FAIR AND nguxrAaLa
DISTRIBUTION g; GOVERNORS
Thirty-two (32) Eernons' have served aa governor of the state of
Florida. Seven (7) were residents of Leon County: six (6) were renidents of
Duval County; two (2) were residents of Gadsden County: and two (2) were
residents of Hillsborough County. Fifteen other Florida counties each have
had one (l) of their residents to serve as governor of Florida.
Anon all the thirty-two (32) governors of Florida. none was
elected fron Dade County. although Dade County has been an important part
of Florida during all the 111 years since it became a state.
It seems only fair and right that a resident of Floridas nost
populous county should be cbonen to nerve as an all-Florida governor.
46. SECOND-TERM GOVERNORS
within the past two years. three Southern states have elected
former governor: for second terns: ln 1054. Alabama elected a fornet
governor to a second tern: in 1953. Kentucky elected a for-er governor to
a second torn; and in l956, Louisiana elected a former governor to a
second tern.
47. FLORIDA'S ONLY TWOvTERM GOVERNOR
heretofore. only one nan has served as governor of Florida two
terns. The late Honorable Nillian D. Bloxhan was elected governor of
Florida in 1880. His first adninistration (1881 1885) was marked by
Florida's rapid growth. increased prosperity and over-all development in
nany areas of social and economic activity: Population increased at a very
rapid rate: developnent was accelerated by the investments of northern
capitalists: industry and agriculture enjoyed prosperity never before
known: and public education began to deserve the nane.
The first problem which Governor Bloxhan faced was the desperate
condition of the state's finances, which had forced his predecessor to
borrow money to pay state expenses. The increase of the assessed valuation
of taxable property more than doubled during the first adainistration of
Governor Bloxham. When his first tern ended, the state treasury showed
the largest surplus in Florida's history up to that tine.
Governor Bloxhan's able leadership brought the people of Florida
a new constitution in 1885. Governor Blorham's administration made the
first effort to drain and reclaim swanp and overfloned lands in south
Florida. His progressive adninistration opened up an era of prosperity
for Florida which was not duplicated until 1949.
The benefits of Governor Bloxhan's first adninistration were so
great that the people of Florida elected bin a second tine in 1896. The
second Bloxhan adninistration (1897 o 1901) was a period of growth and
progress for Florida.
lt has been said that "history repeats itself."
Floridas gubernatorial history has already repeated itself
once ~- and it seems about to do it again.
asset.
The right is reserved to supplement this platforn as other
issues may develop.
one...
This is a long statement. but it is not possible to present in
a few pages the extensive acconplishnents of the first Warren adninistta-
tion and the anticipated achievenents of the second.
treasury usny millions of dollars that for-erlv vent illegally into the
pockets of racketeers.
Although bookie gambling ha: been almost elininated in Florida.
it is believed that bolita gaubling still is operating on a large scale
(see Exhibit "A" attached). Only a few months ago. a Tampa newspaper
conducted an investigation in Florida's second nest populous county and
reported that holita gambling was rampant there. Strangely. nothing
see-s to have been done to stop the flagrant violations of law reported
by this newspaper. and, even more strangely. this newspaper has aade no
editorial demand that it he stopped.
it is only fair and right to acknowledge that in alaost ridding
Florida of illegal bookie gambling and casino ganbling. the Warren ad-
ministration. the Florida legislature and the attorney general had the
active assistance of many newspapers. aany churches. nany civic organi-
zations, many conscientious police-en. nany conscientious county law en-
forcement officers. and many conscientious private citizens. The sup-
pression of bookie and casino gambling resulted from what vas perhaps
the greatest united effort ever aade by public officials and private
citizens of Florida, except in wartime.
in Florida's fifth largest county. the Warren administration,
with the able aseistance of some local law enforcement officials. investi-
gated, caught and convicted the operators of one of the biggest and most
vicious gambling rings ever known to operate in Florida.
After aore than fifty years of flagrant and open violations of
the law. illegal gambling was finally suppressed during the first Warren
administration. The second Warren administration will keep it suppressed.
The first Warren adninistration did not linit itself to enforcing
only the laws against illegal gambling: it vigorously attempted to bring
about enforcement of all laws.
when the first Warren administration began serving the people of
Florida on January 4, 194, there were at least eighteen (18) lungstanding,
unsolved murders in Florida. Vigorous efforts were nade to catch the nur-
an investigation launched by the Warren administration. In Florida's
third largest city, the Warren adainistration nadr perhaps the most deter-
mined effort ever undertaken in Florida to track down the pcrpetratur of
a public assassination. which had occurred prior to the beginning of the
Warren administration. After many months. the alleged assassin was
caught, indicted and tried. but not convicted.
Federal Bureau of Investigation records show that during the
Narren administration. najor crimes in Florida's major cities were consid-
erably less than in major cities of other states.
The second Warren administration will make a vigorous attempt
to suppress the enormous distilling of moonshine whiskey allegedly being
carried on currently in Florida. The Alcohol Tax Unit of the U. 5.
Internal Revenue Service reported in the press on Decenher 31. 155.
that Florida had the poorest record of any of the seven Southeastern
states for destroying illicit stills in the fiscal year 1955 (see 8:-
hihit "8" attached). This shameful record must he changed. The state
and federal governments have been cheated out of millions of dollars of
taxes because the laws against moonshine whiskey are so poorly enforced
in Florida. Licensed liquor dealers are entitled to have the criminal
conpetition of moonshiners eliminated.
During the first Warren administration, the soocalled "Flying
Squadron" of beverage agents destroyed more big moonshine whiskey stills
than were ever before. or since. destroyed in Florida by the State Bever
age Department. The second Warren administration will use equally ef-
fective weapons against moonshiners.
The l949 regular session of the legislature passed Senate Bill
No. 379 which expressly authorized the operation of certain coin-operated
machines, and which impliedly authorized the operation of slot machines
and roulette gnabling. In a message dated June to. 1949, now on file in
the office of the Secretary of State, State of Florida. I vetoed this
bill. which attempted to legalize and extend a vicious type of gambling.
The legislature sustained my veto.
ganbling in Florida. The nanea of the representatives voting for and
against this bill to legalize nore ganbling can be found on page 1384 of
the House Journal of the l949 regular session of the legislature. The
nanes of the senators so voting can he found on page 607 of the Senate
Journal for the 1040 regular session.
3. 52 NEW TAXES
I an against any new taxes or increasing the rate of any present
taxes. I an also against broadening or enlarging any present taxes.
The people of Florida already are paying all the taxes they can
stand. The atate appropriations for all purposes during the current fis-
cal bienniun (1955 1957) are about $431,000,000 (431 million dollars).
all of which aust be paid by taxes taken from the pockets of the people
of Florida. The $431,000,000 of appropriations for the current fiscal
hienniun is about SIOOIOOOIOOO (loo million dollars) MORE than the state
appropriations for the last bienniun (1951 1953) of the first Warren
administration.
?resent taxes produce nuch larger suns each succeeding year,
due to the increase in Florida's population and the increase in the nun-
ber of visitors to Florida: for exanple. the revenue fron all state taxes
during the fiscal year l954-55 was $161520I7l9.35 MORE than during the
preceding fiscal year (1053-54). With the continued growth and expansion
of Florida and the increase of visitors to Florida. present taxes will
yield nany nore nillions of dollars in revenues each succeeding year.
The state should render every service possible with the increasing reven-
ues that will be derived from present taxes. but not inpose any new taxes
or increase the rate of any taxes already inposed.
Under the constitution as now written. new taxes nay be enacted
by a sinple majority of those nenbers present and voting. The house of
representatives has 95 nenbers, and the senate has 38 nenbern. The legis-
lature nay enact a new tax when a quorun is present and voting. and a
quorun exists in the house when 48 of the 95 nenbers are present and vot-
present state constitution. ll senators and as representatives out of a
total of 133 neahers of the legislature could pass a bill iaposing a
new tax.
To lake it nore difficult to inpose new state taxes on the people
of Florida. I will recon-end to the 1957 session of the legislature that
it submit to the voters a proposed constitutional aaendnent requiring the
vote of two-thirds of the elected nenbers of both houses of the legisla-
ture to enact new or increased taxes.
4. TAX EXEMPTION FOR THE
uncassrrras g Ll PB
ln 1948, the people of Florida elected ae governor on a plat-
forn containing the following plant or pledge:
"CONTINUED FREEDOM FROM A GBRBRAL SALES TAX. I an
absolutely opposed to a ieneral sales tax and, as
Governor, will veto any bill inposing such a tax
if passed by the Legislature."
When I was inaugurated governor on January 4. l049. the state
treasury had a surplus of only about $5,000.000 and it was confronted with
obligations during the ensuing bienniu- of about $70,000,000 in excess of
estimated incone. Most of this $70,000,000 was required for public schools,
hospitals and other essential services. To pay for these services to the
people, 1 recon-ended to the 1949 legislature fifteen (15) special taxes.
such as a tax on phosphate, a tax on forest products, and other valuable
items. on uhich little or no taxes were inposed. The regular session of
the legislature rejected ny recon-endations and adjourned without providing
any additional taxes to pay for the public schools and other essential ser-
vices the state govern-eat owed the people. The state government was un-
able to pay its obligations in full. The treasury was nearly eapty. and
the state goyernnent was threatened with insolvency.
I called a special session of the legislature in September. 1949.
to raise the noney the state had to have in order to keep the schools. hos-
at 0-11 and unlunvxlolno no.-- -nA o- _-....la_ -an-- --...._aa_a ..-_..a-_- a-
tax. I advised then that I had pledged the people of Florida to veto a
GENERAL sales tax if passed by the legislature. I insisted that if any
kind of sales tax at all were passed. it nust exempt the main necessities
of life. such as groceries. nedicine. low-cost clothing, house rent and
other necessary itens.
I did not recomnend any taxes at all to the 1049 special session
of the legislature. but that session passed a limited sales tax bill which
exempted groceries. nedicine. lovocost clothing. house rents and other
necessities of life. with these necessities of life not taxed. nearly
221 of the purchases of the average Florida fanilz :35 excepted.
In order to save the solvency of the state, to keep the public
schools open. and to provide other essential state services to the people.
I signed the LIMITED sales tax bill into law. The LIMITED sales tax has
put the state government in the soundest financial condition in the his-
tory of Florida. with the nain necessities of life exenpted, the LIMITED
sales tax has not worked an undue hardship on the average Florida fanily.
Much of it has been paid by visitors nho are so welcome to Florida.
No responsible public official has sought to repeal the LIMITED
sales tax. No responsible group has sought a substitute for the LIMITED
sales tax. A majority of the forty-eight (48) states have laws inposing
GENERAL sales taxes. Florida. fortunately. is one of the few states
having a Sales tax law which exempts the main necessities of life.
As governor. I sill propose and vigorously support an anendment
to the state constitution forever exempting fron a sales tax the necessi-
ties f life. such as groceries. Iedicine. low-cost clothing and house
rent. These necessities of life were exempted. at £1 insistence. from
the LIMITED sales tax law passed by the 1949 legislature: but there is
nothing in the state constitution at present to prohibit any future
session of the legislature fron imposing a sales tax upon the basic
necessities of life.
An amend-eat to the state constitution. Article 9. Section ll.
adopted in 1034. eaenpts the people of Florida from a state income tax
that may be inposed upon intangible property (stocks, bonds. etc.). The
people should likewiSe be protected by a constitutional amendment pro-
hibiting any tax on the things they must buy to sustain life.
I believe the legislature and the second warren administration.
working together in harmonious cooperation, could get such a proposed
amendment submitted to the people of Florida. and there is little doubt
that a large majority would vote for it.
s. Iucnusa HOMESTEAD BXBNPTION r
L///
no 35,000 31 $10,000
The homestead exeaption amendment. Article l0. Section 1.
adopted by the people in 1934. has probably benefited Florida more than
any other amend-eat ever added to the state constitution. Much of the
growth of Florida during the last twenty years nay be attributed to the
fact that the average Florida family is not compelled to pay any tax on
the home they own and occupy. There is no telling how many fine families
fron other states have been influenced to move to Florida because they
knew their homes would be exempt from taxation.
When homestead exemption was adopted in l934. the home of the
average Florida family didn't cost more than $5,000. the amount now ex
empted from taxation. Today. the same kind of home costs at least
$10,000: therefore. the homestead exemption amendment should be amended
to provide a 510.000 exemption from taxation.
Knowing how to work in harmony with the legislature. I believe
we. together, could get submitted to the people of Florida a proposed
amendment. granting all homeowners a $10,000 exemption from taxation.
lnasnuch as the people adopted the present $5.000 homestead exemption
amendment by a majority of more than 3 to l. I don't believe there could
be any reasonable doubt that they would vote to increase it to $10,000.
I.
o nunoarxosusnr t/
I favor fair reapportionment of representation of Eloridas
represented in the legislature: for example. or adopted county of Dade.
with a population of nore than 700,000 citizens, has only three (3)
nenhers of the house of representatives and one (1) state senator. while
ny native county of Calhoun, uith a population of only about 8,000, has
one (i) nelber of the house of representatives. It shares a senator
with three other counties.
it is iapossible for Dude. Duval, uillsborough, Pinellaa, Polk,
Orange, Brovard. Pall Beach, scanbia. or any of the other aost populous
counties to get any note representation in the legislature unless and
until the constitution of Florida is changed.
Under Article 7, Section 3, of the state constitution (which
provides for reapportionnent of representation every ten years). the
legislature cannot give even one additional nenher of the legislature to
any of the ao-cailed big counties of Florida. So long as this provision
renains in the constitution, it will be impossible to get fair and equit-
able legislative representation for the so-called big counties of Florida.
The 1955 regular session of the legislature, by a vote of nore
than three-fifths (3/5) of all its aenbers, submitted to the people of
Florida to be voted on in Nvenber, 1956, Senate Joint Resolution No. 7,
which provides for forty (40) additional nenbers of the house of represen-
tatives for the nost populous counties of Florida. and for a senator for
each county. This nay not be an ideal solution for the problea, but. ap-
parently. it is the only practicable solution possible in the foreseeable
future.
if adopted. this anendnent to the constitution would give Dade
county thirteen (l3) additional members of the house of representatives,
Duval seven (7) additional nenbers. Hillsborough five (5) additional nen-
bers. Pinellas three (3) additional nenbers. Bacanbia two (2) additional
nenbers. Orange two (2) additional nenbers, Palm Beach two (2) additional
nenbers, and one (1) additional lenber each to Alachua. Brevard. Broward,
Polk. Putnan and Volusia counties.
These forty (40) additional nenbers of the house of representao
PAGE 1
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PAGE 28
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