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A Guide to
Title XII and
BIFAD
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"I leave the Board with reluctance,
knojvilq I Shall miss the intcllqellcc,
rncrgy, and warmth (?f'tho.vc with
whom I workcdfin- the last six wa i w.
But I leave also with the deepest
coiifldeizcc in BIFAD andAID, and
in the I'M$ t potcli tial ql' U. S.
lql.iclfltul.fll universities to make a
unique contribution to a better
world. BIFAD paa achicicincias,
however notable, inerch set the staqc
fir the accomplislinicii tv of
tolnol-l-ow. "
Dr. Clifton R. W11,11-toll, )I-.
Dr. E. T. York, present BIFAD Chairman; Honorable M. Peter McPherson, AID Administrator; and Dr. Clifton R. Wharton, Jr., former BIFAD Chairman.
Introduction
The unparalleled historic success of our
U.S. agriculture is based to a large ex-
tent on the early and unique partner-
ship that developed among our federal,
state, and private sectors. Central to
our agricultural science and education
system was the establishment of land
grant colleges in every state, followed
by the state experiment stations, and
then the cooperative state extension
services.
Many of the developing countries have
long been interested in our system and
how it might be adapted to their needs.
The long-term solution to many of their
agricultural problems lies in a stability
that can come only from having their
own established schools and a depend-
able supply of trained people coming
from them. Equally important are on-
going systems that allow for research to
be conducted, for technology to be
adapted, and for knowledge to be ac-
quired and passed on to those who
need and want it-in ways that can be
understood and put to use.
i
A number of U. S. land grant institu-
tions have over the years helped some
of the developing countries establish
and strengthen their institutions and
operating systems to suit their own
needs. The goal now, through Title XII,
is to make the experience and resources
of more U. S. agricultural universities
more accessible to AID as it works to
help the developing countries build the
kind of institutions and research, ex-
tension, and teaching systems most
appropriate for the specific countries.
The need is great. Title XII focuses on
that part of the world where more than
half a billion people are hungry and
malnourished; where low agricultural
productivity and rural poverty are en-
demic; where facilities and systems for
education, research, extension, and
teaching in the food and agricultural
sciences are minimal or non-existent.
Title XII and
BIFAD
In 1975, when Congress passed the
legislation that has come to be known
as Title XII, it laid down an extraordi-
nary challenge for the launching of a
new kind of global partnership. In little
more than five pages and in language
broad and clear, the Congress described
how various participants working to-
gether could make the difference in
preventing famine and establishing
freedom from hunger for all the world's
people.
Title XII is a document full of experi-
ence and hope. It reflects above all a
practical approach. In its brief text, it
says these kinds of things:
* that the application of science is a
major key to solving the food and nutri-
tion problems of the developing
countries;
* that research and its application re-
quire long-term support;
* that U. S. universities need to be
more involved in the international net-
work of agricultural science and
development;
* that their capacity to provide techni-
cal assistance needs to be strengthened;
* that they need a dependable source
of federal funding if their resources are
to be used in assisting agricultural pro-
duction advances in developing
countries;
* that new, more effective ways can be
developed for AID and U. S. univer-
sities to build on and work with exist-
ing programs and institutions such as
the international agricultural research
centers, the U.S. Department of Ag-
riculture and other government, and
private agencies;
* that work directly related to agricul-
tural production in the developing
countries should largely be carried out
in those countries and adapted to local
needs;
* that the developing countries need
their own institutions and trained peo-
ple to carry out research, extension and
teaching activities; and
* that our food and agricultural efforts
in developing countries can benefit the
U.S. as well.
The Congress therefore directed the
President to establish a permanent
Board for International Food and Ag-
ricultural Development (BIFAD), and
charged this Board to work with the
Administrator of AID in carrying out
the programs authorized by Title XII
(Amendment to the Foreign Assistance
Act of 1961).
Title XII in the
Developing
Countries
Title XII programs in the developing
countries focus on agriculture, aquacul-
ture, nutrition, agroforestry, and closely
related fields. Primary objectives are:
* the development of the country's ca-
pacity to do research, extension, and
teaching;
* the training of people at all levels to
carry out and continue agricultural de-
velopment work adapted to local needs
and circumstances;
* the discovery of new knowledge
through the conduct of research; and
* the improvement of local systems to
deliver the best available knowledge to
small farmers and farm laborers, many
of whom are women.
Title XII at Home
Title XII activities in this country focus
on the capacity of U. S. agricultural
universities to supply AID with the
support needed in its overseas pro-
grams. Primary objectives are:
* the strengthening of U. S. university
curricula in such areas as language
training and the specific sciences and
fields of expertise needed by AID in its
programs overseas;
* the encouragement of participation
by top scientific and other professional
talent in AID's programs;
* the development of interest by U.S.
students in advanced training and
work in the areas of international agri-
cultural research, extension, and
teaching;
* the development of effective and effi-
cient procedures for locating and ac-
quiring the needed skills and resources
identified by AID; and
* the establishment of research pro-
grams that focus on the problems of the
developing countries and that empha-
size scientist-to-scientist relationships.
A Profile of
the Partners
The Agency for International
Development (AID)
The Administrator of AID serves as the
principal adviser to the President and
the Secretary of State on international
development, and administers most of
the development assistance programs
of the U.S. Government.
AID strives to balance its development
assistance programs between the de-
mands of the present and those prob-
lems that block the way to progress for
the future. Its efforts are focused on
four main themes: institution building,
technology transfer, private sector de-
velopment, and country policies.
One of AID's high priorities is to help
recipient countries develop, carry out
and sustain their own programs in ag-
ricultural research, extension and teach-
ing, including the training of adminis-
trators, managers, and scientific per-
sonnel.
AID's front-line professionals are those
employees attached to the AID
missions in approximately 70 host
countries. Four geographic bureaus are
headquartered in Washington: the
Bureaus for Africa, for Asia, for Latin
America and the Caribbean, and for the
Near East.
Other central bureaus that interact with
Title XII activities on a continuing basis
include the Bureau for Science and
Technology, the Bureau for Program
and Policy Coordination, and the
Bureau for Management.
Title XII Universities -are defined in
the legislation as land-grant and sea-
grant colleges and universities as well
as those other U.S. colleges and uni-
versities which:
1. "have demonstrable capacity in
teaching, research, and extension activ-
ities in the agricultural sciences; and
2. can contribute effectively to the at-
tainment of the objective" of Title XII.
Approximately 140 U.S. universities
have been identified as Title XII institu-
tions.
A Title XII activity may involve a single
university, a cluster of universities, and,
when their personnel are required for
the activity, a combination of univer-
sities, federal agencies, the interna-
tional agricultural research centers, and
the non-profit and private sector. The
involvement of the U.S. agricultural
university, however, is central to Title
XII. Particular attention is given to
those predominantly black colleges and
universities known as the 1890 institu-
tions, which have special expertise in
small farms and the transfer of technol-
ogy to them. Attention also must be
given to other smaller institutions
which have agricultural expertise, such
as those which belong to the American
Association of State Colleges and Uni-
versities (AASCU).
A representative, or officer, for Title XII
activities is designated by each univer-
sity Campus contact is made through
these offices, which are often part of an
international programs office within the
school of agriculture and related sci-
ences.
BIFAD Vital Link
in the Partnership
BIFAD-The Board for International
Food and Agricultural Development -
was created to help bring together and
to match the needs identified by AID
for its overseas programs in food and
agriculture with the rich resources in
experience and expertise that are held
by U.S. universities.
The Board is made up of seven mem-
bers appointed by the President of the
United States. At least four of the
members are selected from Title XII
universities. The remaining members
are usually drawn from the private
sector.
The Board does not administer pro-
grams. Its primary mission is a linking
one "... to help AID mobilize and
utilize the faculty and institutional re-
sources of eligible universities and to
advise and assist AID in developing
and implementing the components of
the Title XII program."
These components make up a broad
but action-oriented agenda. The Board
is responsible for increasing university
involvement in AID, for strengthening
university capabilities, for facilitating
cooperation in research, and for
monitoring Title XII projects. The Board
identifies major issues facing research,
extension, and education in the inter-
national food and agricultural fields. It
develops briefing papers and options
for action at the policy level. It acts as a
sounding board for concerns and issues
and raises them to the policy level for
resolution when appropriate. After
consultation with BIFAD, AID submits
through the President, to the Congress,
an annual report on Title XII activities.
Included in this report are the separate
views of the Board with respect to any
of the programs conducted or proposed
to be conducted under Title XII.
The members of the Board meet 6 to 10
times a year. Their meetings are at-
tended by representatives of AID and
its bureaus and missions, the univer-
sities, the U.S. Department of Agricul-
ture, the U.S. Department of Com-
merce, other federal agencies, private
and non-profit agencies, and the pub-
lic. A congressionally authorized
Committee and small BIFAD staff assist
the Board in carrying out its mandate.
The Joint Committee for Agricultural
Research and Development (JCARD)
provides at the operating level what the
Board provides at the policy level--a
two-way communication link between
AID and the universities. This commit-
tee absorbed the functions of two ear-
lier committees on research and agricul-
tural development which laid the foun-
dation for increased cooperative efforts
among AID, the U.S. universities, the
international network of agricultural
science, and the developing countries.
In the first years of Title XII the two
previous committees, with BIFAD's
guidance and support, pioneered the
development of new concepts and pro-
cedures that were needed in order for
U.S. universities to participate effec-
tively in Title XII projects.
The result has been the emergence of a
collaborative style in project design and
implementation and a new spirit of co-
operation. Subject areas for research
and development were identified and
ranked in priority Regional work
groups surfaced problems and identi-
fied issues that required policy atten-
tion and that increased understanding
of the provisions of Title XII among the
first-line participants: the AID missions
and the U.S. universities.
The new joint committee -JCARD-
emphasizes the "jointness" of its work,
both in its membership and its agenda.
The 20 members are appointed jointly
by the Chairman of BIFAD and the
Administrator of AID. They are drawn
from the AID Bureaus, from the Title
XII universities, from other federal
agencies, from non-profit organi-
zations, and from the private sector.
JCARD's agenda includes such matters
as a review of the international research
centers, the development of criteria for
determining Title XII projects, and con-
sideration of an evaluation process for
Title XII projects underway in AID.
BIFAD Staff BIFAD staff members respond to liaison Contract Management Office. (See
needs of AID and the Title XII univer- example of the contractor selection
A small group of professionals drawn sites. They assist in the technical re- process on page 9.) The final decisions
from AID, the universities, and the view of potential Title XII projects and on projects and contractors are made by
U.S. Department of Agriculture pro- identify the most capable sources for AID, and the projects are funded and
vides administrative and staff support implementing AID projects. The staff administered by AID.
to the Board and its Committee- also participates ex-officio in the evalu- Nearly 100 Title XII projects are now
JCARD. The Executive Director reports action panel's ranking of the universities underway, in 41 countries, involving 46
to the BIFAD Chairman. and its final recommendation to the universities and university consortia.
Past and present executive directors of BIFAD confer. From left to right Dr. Elmer R. Kiehl,
Dr. D. Woods Thomas, and Dr. Frederick E. Hutchinson, present Executive Director.
Congressional Mandate: Foreign Assistance Act & Title XII
Executive Guidance: AID Development Policies & Strategies
Federal Acquisition Regulations: Educational Institutions
COLLABORATIVE ASSISTANCE
MODE OF SELECTING A TITLE XII
UNIVERSITY CONTRACTOR TO
DESIGN/IMPLEMENT AID PROJECTS
PHASE I:
PROJECT
INITIATION
PHASE 2:
PROPOSAL
SOLICITATION
PHASE 3:
CONTRACTOR
SELECTION
*BIFAD E.-Officio Role
AID.W = AID Washington
SAID MISSION I consultalon HOST COUNTRY
Project Identficathon Document I(PDI
Tille XII Procurement Designated
AIDW REGIONAL BUREAU PROJECT
& EXECUTIVE RE% IEW COMMITTEES
PLD Examined and Authonzed
AID.W PROJECT OFFICE consulaon SAID MISSION
Personnel Requirements & Scope-ot-Work Drafted
Collaborative Asistance Mode Determined
Technical Ealuanon Panel Establrshed
Ealuahon & Selection Crtena Prepared
Project Announced via BFAD Briefs & Letter
TITLE XII UNIVERSITIES I
Documentarion o' Interest & Capabdlty (DIC)
SBIFAD STAFF -- REGISTER' OF INSTITUTIONAL RESOURCES
Initial Source List of Qualiied Universiies
AID WI PROJECT OFFICE consltaton USA MISSION
Recommended Source List ul Capable Universities
Project Implementation Order Technical Services (PIO'Tl
AID.W CONTRACT OFFICE
Requests for Expressions of Interest (REI)
STTLE XII UNIVERSITIES
Potential Partner Instituthons Contacted
Technical Proposals Submitted in 60 Days
SAIDW EVALUATION PANEL
Proposals Ranked (Campus Site Visits Optionall
Selection Memorandum & Past Performance Report
SAID'W CONTRACT OFFICE
SCost Negotiated & Design Contract Awarded
TITLE XII UNIVERSITY' collaboration HObT COUNTRY
Project Designed in Counsel with USAID Mission
SAID MISSION
Project Paper (PP) Prepared for AID Approval
Project Agreement (PROAGI with Host Country
Project Implementabon Order'Technical Services I PIO'T1
SAID CONTRACT OFFICE I
Implementation Contract Negotiated and Signed
The Registry of Institutional Resources
(RIR)
BIFAD Staff has developed and main-
tains a central depository of com-
puterized information on the interna-
tional capabilities of U. S. universities
and their staffs in agriculture, natural
resources, nutrition, and rural devel-
opment. RIR contains:
* general information on the overall
nature of the universities, their staffs,
and their international linkages;
* detailed information on the subject
areas in which the universities aspire to
participate;
* information on individual university
staff members who want their names
and experiences on file for possible in-
ternational activities; and
* information on previous overseas as-
sistance efforts by the universities.
RIR can help locate potential university
contractors for AID. It can also help
find potential collaborators. For exam-
ple, if an institution does not have an
individual on staff with a specific com-
bination of skills it needs to help im-
plement a proposal, RIR can help locate
those universities that do have such
personnel. Access to RIR is controlled
by BIFAD. The names of individuals or
institutions in RIR are not released
without the approval of the Title XII
representative of the respective institu-
tion. Universities may access their por-
tion of the RIR directly.
Publication
BIFAD Briefs carries news of Title XII ac-
tivities from AID and the universities,
and serves as a clearing house for in-
formation on other activities related to
international agriculture, such as proj-
ects, courses, seminars, conferences,
appointments, and employment
opportunities.
BIFAD Briefs, published by BIFAD staff,
has a circulation of approximately 3700.
Its audience includes Congress, AID
Washington and AID Missions, Title XII
universities and other institutions,
foundations, private industry, agribusi-
ness groups, international agricultural
organizations, and consulting firms.
V\ue VI Spt.br 193S Nb- 5
AMDo.*-- DFm .w P
BIMD ....-- ...rwf. traur ftl, -------
Regional Title XII Seminars
BIFAD sponsors a series of seminars
each year in three locations throughout
the country to inform the university
community of Title XII programs and
how to participate in them. These
seminars also provide valuable oppor-
tunities for informal and candid discus-
sions of AID and university concerns.
The meetings are widely announced
well in advance through BIFAD Briefs
and by the Title XII representatives on
university campuses.
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BIFAD staff consult the Registry
of Institutional Resources (RIR).
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Linking the Partners
BIFAD actively encourages the search
for, and development of, new and more
effective techniques to link the needs of
AID and its work in the developing
countries with the experience and ex-
pertise that resides in U.S. universities.
Such arrangements for working to-
gether create an atmosphere in which
universities find it attractive to provide
their most creative and committed fac-
ulty for participation in AID programs
overseas. At the same time, the AID
missions in the host countries are sup-
portive of procedures that allow them
to obtain the kind of help they need
when they need it.
Some examples:
A Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) governs the working relation-
ships between AID and a particular
university, but it is not a contract. What
it does is establish a commitment and
framework for the joint planning and
implementation of Title XII programs. It
projects a long-term plan of action and
cooperation. It defines the technical
and geographic areas in which AID ex-
pects to use a particular university's
expertise, and identifies a core group of
university staff professionals who will
be designated for long-term AID
support.
An MOU is designed to meet the uni-
versity's need to know that its in-
volvement in AID programs will be
long-term and continuous so that it can
develop and maintain skills and knowl-
edge specific to the developing coun-
tries. In turn, AID can depend upon
the university to maintain a core staff of
highly talented professionals for work
with AID in those countries. The MOU
may be reviewed annually for mutually
agreed upon adjustments.
The Collaborative Assistance Method
(CAM) is designed to help shorten the
procurement process and provide the
opportunity for AID missions to tap
university expertise early-while a
project is still in the design phase. AID
can also draw on the specialized ex-
perience the university acquires in the
design phase to assist in shaping the
work plans for the project and in work-
ing out the timing with institutions in
order to achieve the project objective.
This collaborative method of contract-
ing was part of AID's procurement
process before Title XII became law. As
applied to Title XII institutions, it pro-
vides for more flexible contract ar-
rangements than a standard university
contract. It also helps establish a colle-
gial working relationship and provides
for a voice in program development.
AID retains the responsibility for set-
ting policy and strategy, for monitoring
and evaluating programs, and for
maintaining relationships with senior
host country officials.
Purdue University signs a
Memorandum of Understanding
with AID. From left to right Dr.
John W. Hicks III, acting Purdue
University President; U. S.
Senators Dan Quayle (R-IN) and
Richard Lugar (R-IN); and
Honorable M. Peter McPherson,
AID Administrator.
Technical Support to Missions (TSM)
establishes a direct relationship be-
tween a particular university and an
AID mission on virtually any aspect of
mission country programs. The TSM is
designed so that AID missions can
place and manage service orders di-
rectly with a university to obtain in a
timely manner specialists who are
familiar with the host country and with
the specific mission needs. This proce-
dure allows for university staff mem-
bers to be assigned to missions for
either short or long terms to help carry
out such duties as analyzing country
needs, and developing, designing, and
evaluating projects. These three-to-five
year renewable agreements also help
establish effective long-term relation-
ships between a mission and a univer-
sity by providing a reliable annual level
of funding.
Joint Enterprise Contracting Mode
(JEM) improves AID's access to the re-
sources of smaller universities by struc-
turing certain projects into segments or
modules. Universities are then invited
to express interest in one or more seg-
ments. Those universities that respond
are informed of the interests expressed
by each other and are provided the
opportunity to form Joint Enterprises
with one another for the purpose of
submitting a formal proposal.
By combining the resources of smaller
universities, and particularly the 1890
institutions, with larger ones or with
those more experienced in develop-
ment assistance, AID has a source for
skills that might otherwise not be
utilized.
Collaborative Research Support Pro-
grams (CRSPs) are built around global
research problems of mutual interest to
the U.S. universities and to the devel-
oping countries, but they are oriented
toward the priority needs of the devel-
oping countries. These U. S. universi-
ties work together with host country
institutions in identifying priority con-
straints to production, distribution, and
utilization of developing country food
supplies. They also collaborate in carry-
ing out research programs. The CRSP
method of organizing an international
research effort provides U.S. univer-
sities the dual opportunity of strength-
ening their domestic research programs
while contributing useful research to
developing countries. It also provides
for more direct participation with AID
in planning the programs. Seven
CRSPs are developed and are under-
way in Beans and Cowpeas, Small Ru-
minants, Sorghum and Millet, Nutri-
tion, Peanuts, Management of Tropical
Soils, and Aquaculture. An eighth
CRSP in Stock Assessment is in the
planning stage with three U.S. univer-
sities. These CRSPs involve more than
40 agricultural universities and other
institutions, including the U.S. De-
partment of Agriculture, 63 host coun-
try institutions located in 30 developing
countries, and 8 international agricul-
tural research centers.
The costs of a CRSP are shared by the
participating universities, the host gov-
ernments, and AID. A CRSP requires
that at least 25 percent of the total proj-
ect cost be provided by participating
universities. The contribution by the
universities has generally been sub-
stantially more than the minimum.
Strengthening Grants. The sole
purpose of strengthening grants is to
enable U.S. universities to do a better
job of helping AID carry out Title XII
programs. Except for a special program
for minority universities, all
strengthening grants are financed
according to a matching formula so that
AID's share of direct costs does not
exceed that of the university in any
year. In fact, many universities
contribute more than AID does to direct
costs, in addition to financing all of the
indirect costs.
Strengthening grants are now being
used by 55 universities throughout this
country to increase language training,
prepare international development
courses and seminars, and enhance
their ability to undertake international
development activities in various fields.
The Joint Career Corps (JCC) is
designed to allow U. S. faculty
members to alternate their work
assignments between their universities
and service to AID. The concept is an
elite corps of senior level university
professionals who work in their
scientific disciplines overseas for
approximately one-third of their time
(in tours ranging from two to four
years).
Candidates are proposed by their
universities. They are tenured faculty,
at least at the associate professor level,
with the ability to provide both
technical and broad gauge advice to
missions and high-level host country
officials. Prior and continuing
involvement in development assistance
work in developing countries by the
candidate's university is a principal
criterion in selection.
Qualified AID professionals may also
be selected for the Corps for
assignment in teaching, research, or
other activities with a participating
university in this country.
For more information on the Joint
Career Corps please see insert on back
cover.
The methods described previously for
bringing AID needs and university
resources together reveal a high degree
of interaction among the partners.
BIFAD serves as the critical focal point
in bringing these needs and resources
together-from assisting in the
soliciting and developing of proposals
for AID projects to the identification of
the best contractor for achieving a
project's objectives.
The brief history of Title XII and BIFAD
affirms the view of Congress that the
vital role U.S. universities played in
organizing and strengthening
agricultural development in this
country can be brought to bear more
actively to help the developing
countries build and strengthen
agricultural research and education
systems tailored to their own needs.
The foundations are now in place for
building new global partnerships that
can help assure adequate supplies of
food for all the world's people.
14
r *%%
o.-
BIFAD
The Board for.International Food
and Agrickultal Developmet
Dr E.EL t&rk, Chairman
Chancellor Emeritus
State University System of Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Dr. Duane Acker
President, Kansas State University
Manhattan.. Kansas
Dr. Warrenj; Baker
President, California Polytechnic
State University
San Luis Obispo, California
Honorable Paul findley
Co-author. Tle XI Legislation
Pittsfield, llinois
Mr. CharlesJ. Marshall
Owner, Western Idaho Potato Processing
Company, Inc.
Nampa, Idaho
Mr. Emest T. Marshall
rce-President, Montgomery Associates
Fairway, Kansas
Dr. Beniuam Fy. atoan
President, lskegee Institute
TRiskegeeInstitutt, Alabama
BIFAD Staff
For further information on specific
activities of Title XII and BIFAD, contact
the appropriate staff members:
BIFAD
Agency for International Development
Department of State
Washington, D.C. 20523
Dr Frederick E. Hutchinson
Executive Director
Mrs. Priscilla Boughton
Deputy Executive Director
Dr..Jiryis Oweis..
Chief, Country Programs Division
Dr. John Stovall
Chief, Research Division
Dr. C. Jean Weidemann
Chief, Institutional & Human Resources
Division.
Mr. John:C. Rothberg
Assistant Director for Operations
Ms. Michelle R Rucker
R R Coordinator
Ms. Mary Lester.
Editor, BIFAD Briefs
(JCARD)
BIFAlYsJoint Committee on
Agricultural Research and
Development
AID
"Dr. John Robins (Co-Chairperson)
Director, Food and Agriculture
Bureau for Science & technology
Mr. Albert Brown
Chief, Rural Development Division
Bureau for Latin America & the Caribbean
Dr. Donald McClelland
Acting Chief, Rural Development Division
Bureau for Program & Policy Coordination
Mr Charles Antholt
Chief, Agriculture & Rural Development
Division
Bureau for Asia
'Mr. Richard Cobb
Chief, Agriculture Division
Bureau for Near East
Mr. Hugh Dwelley
Director, Office of Contract Management
Bureau for Management
Dr. David Schaer
Chief, Agriculture & Rural Development
Division
Bureau for Africa
"Dr: Frederick E. Hutchinon
Executive Director, BIFAD
Universities
*Dr. Hugh Popenoe (Co-Chairperson)
Director. International Programs in
Agriculture
University of Florida
Dr. Allen Christensen
Dean, School of Agriculture
California State Polytchnic University-
Pomona
*Dr. Francille M. Flibaugh
Associate Provost, Office of Academic Affairs
Ohio State University
Dr. Rodney Foil
Director, Mississippi Agricultural Forestry
Experiment Station
Miissisippi State University..
Dr. Charles Hess
Dean, College of Agricultural &
Environmental Sciences
University of California-Davis
Dr. Frederick Humphries
President, Tennessee State University
Dr. Jean Kearns
Scholar-Deputy Director, Consortium for
International Development
lkcsan, Arizona
Dr. G. Edward Schuh
Head, Department ofAgriculturat& Applied
Economics
University of Minnesota
Dr. Ralph Smuckler
Dean, international Programs
Michigan State University
Federal Agecies
Dr. Ernest L. Corley
Senior Deputy Adninistrator,
Office of International Cooperation &
Development
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Dr. Robert Wildman
Deputy Director National Sea Grant College
Program
National Oceanographic & Atmospheric
Administration
U. S. Department of Commerce
Non-Profit
*Dr. James Johnston
Deputy Director, Agricultural Sciences
Rockefeller Foundation
Private Sector
Mr. Roland M. Hendrickson
President. Agricultural Division
Pfizer, Inc.
*Member of JCARD Executive Committee
**Ex Officio Member, JCARD Executive
Committee
joint Career Cops
For further information on the Joint
Career Corps, contact
Director, Office of Research and
University Relations
Bureau for Science and Technology
AID, Room 309, SA-18
Washington, D.C.. 20523
(ormer BIFAD members:are listed on
the reverse side of this card.1
FORMER OIFAP MIUEMBERS
Dr. Ciftof R. Wharton,Jr.
Dr. rville G .Bentley
Dr. Anson R. Bertrand
Mr. Charles Krause
Mr. James J. O'Cnnor
Dr; GeraldW. Thomas
Hon. M: Peter.MePherson
Dr. Johnnie W. Protalu.
Mr. David Gatst
Dir. Rebecca R; Poland
Mr. Darylr.Arnold
Dr. C. PeterMagrath
Dr, H. F. Robinson
1
1976-1983
1976-1979
1976-1977
1976-1977
1976-1979
1976-1979
1977-1979
1978-1981
1978-1981
1979-1982
1982-1983
1980-1983
1980-1983
VK'1L1 'm
BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD
AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Agency for International Development
Washington, D.C. 20523
BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL FOOD
AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Agency for International Development
Washington, D.C. 20523 -MAI
6US.MAIL
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
AGENCY FOR
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
629
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