Citation
Strawberry variety trials. 1986.

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Title:
Strawberry variety trials. 1986.
Series Title:
Strawberry variety trials.
Creator:
Albregts, E. E.
Howard, C. M.
Place of Publication:
Dover, Fla.
Publisher:
Agricultural Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida
Publication Date:

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serial ( sobekcm )

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University of Florida
Rights Management:
All applicable rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier:
143118825 ( OCLC )

Full Text




I AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER
IFAS, University of Florida
13138 Lewis Gallagher Road
Dover, Florida 33527 HUME LIBRARY

Dover AREC Research Report DOV-1986-1 July 1986

STRAWBERRY VARIETY TRIALS 1986 OCT 13 198

E. E. Albregts and C. M. Howard I.F.A.S. Univ. of Florida

INTRODUCTION

Strawberry fruit yield and quality characteristics are dependent on the
clone and the climate of the area in which they are grown. Soil fertility and
type as well as cultural conditions also affect plant response. Thus, a clone
must be evaluated within a region to determine its response to the environment
of the region. The purpose of this report is to provide results from a trial
with selected strawberry cultivars and AREC-Dover breeding lines conducted at
the Agricultural Research and Education Center, Dover during the winter of
1985-86.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Three cultivars and 36 advanced breeding lines were evaluated in the fruit
production field. Reported.herein is the evaluation of all cultivars plus all
breeding lines with seasonal fruit yields as great or greater than 'Selva'.
Beds were fumigated with 400 lbs/bedded acre of MC-98-2 (methyl bromide:
chloropicrin, 198%:2%) and fertilized with 200 lbs/acre of a 10-4-10. One
fourth of the fertilizer was broadcast before bed preparation, and the
remainder was banded 2 inches deep in the bed center. One-half of the applied
nitrogen was a slow-release material, sulfur coated urea. All plants were set
on October 30, 1985. All breeding lines were from AREC-Dover nurseries. The
cultivars 'Selva' and 'Chandler' were grown in Canadian nurseries while
'Pajaro' was grown locally. Five replications per cultivar with 14 plants per
replication were used. Plants were sprayed with pesticides as needed, and
moisture was applied as required by overhead sprinkler irrigation. Fruit were
harvested twice weekly from December (included in January yield) through April.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Only 'Selva', a day neutral cultivar, produced fruit in December; the yield
45 flats per acre was added to the January yields in..Table 1. Clone 81-2689
gave highest January yield. Clones 81-1350, 82-1452, 82-576, 82-594,
'Chandler' and 'Selva' also produced high January yields.



Professor (Soils) and Professor (Plant Pathologist), respectively, with the
Univ. of Florida, IFAS, Agricultural Research and Education Center, 13130 Lewis
Gallagher Road, Dover, Florida 33527.








Since 'Chandler' and 'Solva' were grown in Canada and removed late from the
nursery, flower initiation had occurred in the nursery. Since plants from
Florida nurseries generally initiate flower later than those grown in Canada,
the Canadian grown plants would be expected to have high early yields.
February yields .,of 'Chandler' and 'Selva' were reduced while those clones
producing high January yields also produced high February yields. Fourteen
clones, but no cultivars, produced yields greater than 2500 flats/acre.
Highest seasonal yields were produced by clones 82-576 and 81-2689. Highest
average marketable fruit weight for total yields were from clones 82-594, 81-
2689, 82-1452, and 'Pajaro', all exceeded 17 g. The percent cull yields were
lowest with 'Selva' (Table 2). Ten other clones had percent cull yields of
less than 20%. If the average cull fruit weight was less than 7 g, over 50% of
the culls were small fruit. If fruit weight was greater than 7 g, greater than
50% of the culls were the result of rots. Culls from clones 'Pajaro' and 82-
594 were mostly from rots.

Fruit firmness and resistance to abrasion determines to some degree the
shipping ability of the fruit (Table 3). Resistance to abrasion is more
important than firmness for shipping ability of fruit. Under cool an dry
conditions, fruit of most clones are not easily bruised. Under warm and wet
conditions fruit are more susceptible to bruising. Other conditions which
result in more bruising of fruit are overripe fruit (long harvest intervals),
excess foliage, and rough handling of fruit. Fruit in this study were
harvested on a 3 to 4 day schedule, but commercial growers generally have
longer harvest intervals. Thus, bruising may be more prevalent in commercial
fields.than that reported here. Clones 79-1126, 82-576, and 'Selva' were rated
the most firm. Clones 82-594, 83-3001, 'Selva', 79-1126, and 82-1486 were
rated most resistant to abrasion.

Fruit were rated for other quality defects, and these are presented in Table
4. Clones 01-1350 and 83-4017 had the greatest tendency to produce green tips.
Clones 82-1133 and 83-138 produced more fruit with green shoulders, while
clones 82-820 and 81-149 had' fruit with greatest tendency to have deformed
tips.

Clones 83-3385, 81-1452, 81-166, and 'Pajaro' were lightest in color (Table
5). Clones 82-576, 82-1163, 82-820, and 83-68 were darkest in color.

The most impressive clone was 82-576. However, it has one major defect,
blotchy color. Clones which were acceptable were 01-457, 82-594, 79-1126, 82-
1452, 82-1556, 81-2465, 81-2689, and 83-3349. Many others had good fruit
quality but yields were low. However, many of these had higher yields than
'Pajaro' and 'Selva', and some were higher than 'Chandler'.




L


Table 1. Marketable fruit yield (flats/acre) and avg. wt. of marketable fruit
(g/fruit) for 1985-86 season.

Cultivars Seasonal
or lines January February March April SeasonalY avg fruit wt.


Marketable yield (flats/acre)w


g/fruit


83-68
83-118P
83-138P
81-149P
81-166P
83-428
83-457
82-576Y
82-594EYP
82-820
79-1126
82-1133P
82-1163P
81-1350
83-1430
82-1452P
83-1452P
82-1486P
82-1556P
83-2360
81-2465Y
83-2598
81-2689EY
83-3001
83-3121
83-3349


115jx 877
10r 482
4r 947
65qr 712
24qr 580
68mno 511
169fgh 833
236de 1207
222e 957
1lr 766
190f 764
99jk 1020
39pq 712
379b 962
-.- llr 545
245cd 894
141ghi 972
14r 789
93klm 785
Ir 816
41pq 731
81klmn 583
-528a 1195
39pq 1122
64no 372
138hi 1061


1463
958
1197
916
1233
1478
1628
1322
1123
1207
1249
755
978
794
1001
792
1351
718
1634
1369
1346
947
1338
843
1200
1389


452
411
160
292
245
278
154
600
267
559
450
185
162
387
352
327
186
139
245
357
190
128
227
132
335
415


2908bc
1861opqr
2308jk
1985mnop
20831mn
2334ijk
2783cde
3364a
2569efgh
2543fgh
2653defg
20591mno
1890nopq
2523ghi
1910nopq
2256jkl
2653defg
1660rst
2756cdef
2543efg
2307jk
1739qrst
3289a
21361lm
1971mnop
3003b


14.22
16.03
16.98
15.32
14.41
12.63
14.47
16.35
18.17
14.79
15.14
15.15
14.19
16.19
14.50
17.58
16.02
16.28
16.48
15.90
14.43
13.16
17.87
15.87
15.61
14.69









Table 1. con't


83-3385P
83-3949
03-4017
83-4207
Chandler
Pajaro
Selva


84klmn
171gx
158gh
156gh
386b
67no
262c


663
1217
654
541
334
711
422


1722
528
1786
984
990
591
690


347
461
140
150
509
359
272


2816cd
2376hij
2738cdefg
1831pqrs
2219jkl
1727qrst
1647t


z28.5 gram/ounce.

YIlay not equal 100% of total of monthly yield because of rounding.


Illumbers followed by different letters in a column are significantly
by Duncan's multiple range test, 5% level.


wFruit weighing 10 gram (1/3 ounce) or more and of marketable quality.


16.62
16.84
15.06
14.45
15.55
17.08
15.33


different




W


Table 2. Cull fruit yield for cultivars and breeding lines for 1985-86 season.


Cultivars Cull yields (flats/acre) Seasonal
or lines January February iiarch April Seasonal % Cull avg. fruit
wt.

g/fruit


83-68
83-118P
83-138P
81-149P
81-166P
83-428
83-457
82-576Y
02-594EYP
82-820
79-1126
82-1133P
82-1163P
81-1350
83-1430
02-1452P
83-1452P
82-1486P
82-1556P
03-2360
81-2465Y
83-2598
81-2689EY
83-3001
83-3121
83-3349
83-3385P


47
40
60
64
27
166
58
77
95
41
117
107
81
116
10
132
76
49
86
83
46
56
137
80
37
28
39


374
177
336
670
203
676
635
393
621
295
382
470
531
302
249
235
386
406
340
472
1111
433
419
411
366
374
350


312
211
179
277
230
443
199
346
155
353
276
206
203
166
276
156
152
111
230
326
243
193
235
177
210
568
301


734hix
429t
574mnop
100llOd
462st
1286b
893e
819fg
874ef
690ijk
776gh
784gh
815fg
589mno
534opqr
526opqrs
6141mn
565mnopq
656jkl.
880ef
1401a
682ijk
794gh
669ijkl
6151mn
972d
670ijk


19 74
17.36
20.03
33.47
18.16
35.47
24.33
19.57
25.36
21.35
22.50
27.6G
30.57
18.69
22.03
18.82
19.05
25.00
19.16
25.98
37.45
27.93
23.78
23.78
23.49
24.50
19.74


6.78
6.84
6.56
6.71
5.32
4.85
5.48
7.17
9.36
6.15
5.38
5.91
6.13
7.00
5.73
7.67
6.45
7.84
5.95
8.46
6.37
5.59
6.30
5.77
6.39
5.06
6.85











Table 2. con't


83-3949
83-4017
33-4207
Chandler
Pajaro
Selva


555nopqr
868ef
628klm
857ef
1095c
315u


18.79
23.83
25.66
27.83
38.17
16.79


276
257
241
394
642
90


ZCull fruit were those that either weighed less than 10 grams (1/3 ounce), had
damaged, or were severely misshapen.


Xilumbers followed by different letters in
multiple range test, 5% level.


a column are


significantly different by Duncan's


6.44
5.63
4.85
8.37
9.51
6.87


rot, were




W


Table 3. Numbers in table represent the percent of harvests each cultivar or
breeding line rated as H,F,S,VS, or A,B, and C.


Cultivar Fruit firmnessz Resistance to abrasionY
or lines H F S VS A B C


Percent of harvests that fruit exhibited these qualities

03-68 5.16 53.90 40.24 0.68 48.98 21.06 29.96
83-118P 35.94 63.29 0.77 ---97..60. 2.40 ---
83-138P 2.5/ 42.72 53.01 1.70 33.28 22.41 46.78
G1-149P 25.91 64.89 9.00 ---8636 5.64 7.96
81-166P 8.46 58.15 32.62 0.77 75.79 17.94 6.28
83-428 13.52 63.30 21.80 1.38 75.13 16.71 8.15
03-457 19.43 64.50 13.22 --- 82.49 12.56 4.84
82-576Y 59.56 38'.37 2907; -<- 95.16- 4.84
02-594EYP 27.20 69.36 3.43 -- 99.31 0.69 ---
82-820 22.00 71.50 6.50 --- 91.90 5.67 2.43
79-1126 60.08 .39.92 --- -- 98.64 1.36 ---
82-1133P 25.71 67.14 7.14 --- 93.57 5.71 0.71
82-1163P 27.58 62.23 10.19 -- 96.85 0.77 2.38
01-1350 22.41 66.64 9.56 1.38 87.68 5.00 7.52
83-1430 22.57 73.43 4.00 --- 97.57 1.63 0.80
32-1452P 28.97 62.07 3.97 ---- 97.24 1.38 1.38
83-1452P 5.10 34.78 57.32 2.81 61.17 12.14 26.69
82-1486P 35..44 59.48 5.8; ---- 98.33 1.67
82-1556P 9.40 70.91 17.52 2.17 86.87 5.82 7.31
83-2360 2.50 54.67 38.73 4.10 62.00 13.20 24.80
81-2465Y 20.87 76.85 2.28 -- 94.58 5.,42 ---
03-2598 9.69 69.26 18.93 2.12 70.09 14.90 15.01
G1-2689EY 19.72 66.71 12.87 0.69 80.35 8.14 11.52
83-3001 50,95: 49.05 ----- ---- 99'204 0:80











Table 3 con't

83-3121 52.4 4-
83-3349 17.22
:03-3385P 11.26
G3-3949 16.60
83-4017 23.45
83-4207 53.49
Chandler 17.99
Pajaro 30..92
Selva 52.78


ZFruit firmness: Relative resistance to pressure vhen hand
F = firm, S = soft, and VS = very soft.


squeezed, H = hard,


YResistance to abrasion: Damage to flesh surface when rubbing fruit
with mild pressure, A = high rating, means no damage to fruit; B =
damage to fruit, and C = considerable damage to fruit.


45.28
77.01
70.07
66.67
66.27
43.11
64.91
60.75
43.40


0.74
0.71


. 2.23
5.77
18.67
15.98
9.57
2.97
19.54
8.33
3-81


96:89
84.10
79.13
79.73
93.94
96.27
89.53
94.73
98.71


3.-11
13.01
8.95
11.58
3.83
3.73
7.81
4.53
1;25


----a
2.88
11.92
8.69
2.23

2.67
0.74


surface
slight




W


Table 4. Quality of marketable size fruit of several cultivars and breeding
lines for 1985-86 season.


Cultivar Green Green Deformed Water
or lines tips shoulders tips Pplit Misshapen Fans damage

Percent of total marketable size fruit with listed characteristics

83-68 8.61 ---- 4.76 -0.03 --
83-118P 1.06 1.57 2.96 ---- ---- 0.70 0.18
83-138P 0.96 7.37 0.06 --- -- 0.06 0.37
81-149P 3.92 0.93 9.47 -- -- --
81-166P 0.14 1.07 0.06 -- -- --
83-428 2.07 0.23 1.80 ---- -- 0.15
83-457 0.19 5.21 0.18 ---- ---- 0.57 0.20
82-576Y 0.75 0.59 1.45 ---- 0.44 -.24 0.12
82-594EYP 3.88 1.45 2.76 0.61 1.11 0.61 0.42
82-820 4.24 0.18 12.79 ---- 0.20 0.44 1.02
79-1126 3.87 0.82 0.80 0.19 ---- 0.43 0.28
82-1133P 0.77 10.90 1.44 0.22 0.45 0.76
82-1163P 1.53 0.32 1.45 ---- 0.05 -.i4 0.35
81-1350 10.03 0.13 5.29 0.18 0.23 0.08 0.30
83-1430 2.58 0.91 0.74 ---- ---- 0.20 1.69
82-1452P 2.50 0.62 1.39 0.05 ---- 0.51 3.55
83-1452P 0.54 2.37 0.03 --- 0.05 0.64 0.63
82-1486P 0.73 1.65 2.32 0.07 0.23 --- 0.36
82-1556P 0.77 --- 0.42 0.04 ---- 0.25 4.47
83-2360 2.10 0.67 2.01 ---- ---- 0.3 --
81-2465Y 1.92 0.16 2.07 0.17 0.29 0.0 -
83-2598 1.02 0.15 0.36 --- --- --- 0.63
81-2689EYP 0.98 0.83 0.74 ---- 1.29 0.39 1.45










Table 4. con't.


63-3001 3.06 0.33 3.33 0.24 0.17 0.68
83-3121 3.56 0.92 1.42 ---- 0.09 0.88 3.64
83-3349 1.96 1.67 1.93 0.03 0.15 0.39 0.22
83-3385P 0.79 0.36 0.48 0.08 0.09 0.25 0.67
83-3949 2.10 0.35 2.40 0.05 0.21 0.10 0.11
83-4017 8.46 0.53 1.94 --- 0.41 0.03 0.13
83-4207 1.09 1.12 1.23 --- 0.06 0.06
Chandler 2.30 2.16 1.44 ---- ---- 0.73
Pajaro 0.49 2.01 0.75 ---- 0.07 1.04 2.27
Selva 1.12 1.28 2.00 ---- 0.22 0.57 0.52










Table.5. Color rating of marketable
season.


fruit during the 4 month harvest


Cultivars Color rating
or lines 1 2 3 4 5

83-68 6 48 48 36
83-118P 6 44 58 12
83-138P 26 80 12
81-149P 6 50 26 6
81-166P 48 72 9
83-428 26 82 25 1
83-457 8 86 46 4
82-576Y 5 19 56 64
82-594EYP 17 76 45 5
82-820 3 30 50 40
79-1126 20 86 34 5
82-1133P 4 51 71 14
82-1163P 2 21 61 41
81-1350 23 76 42 6
83-1430 34 71 18
82-1452P 18 74 40 13
83-1452P 57 77 1
82-1486P 13 63 42 3
82-1556P 30 66 38 3
83-2360 18 55 40 8
81-2465Y 25 84 17 3
83-2598 25 72 32 4
81-2689EY 62 67 15 3
83-3001 7 46 55 15
83-3121 25 74 31 2
83-3349 5 63 59 12
83-3385P 1 84 47 2
83-3949 18 79 33 8
83-4017 33 65 30 4
83-4207 19 93 21 2
Chandler 4 92 44 4
Pajaro 38 74 17 1
Selva 3 96 51 7

ZFruit color rating, 1 = very light color, 2 = moderately light in
color, 3 = average red color, 4 = moderately dark color, and 5 =
dark color.

Numbers in table are the number of times fruit were given a parti-
cular color rating. Fruit of each replicate of a clone were given
a color rating at all harvest dates that fruit were present.









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