HISTORIC NOTE
The publications in this collection do
not reflect current scientific knowledge
or recommendations. These texts
represent the historic publishing
record of the Institute for Food and
Agricultural Sciences and should be
used only to trace the historic work of
the Institute and its staff. Current IFAS
research may be found on the
Electronic Data Information Source
(EDIS)
site maintained by the Florida
Cooperative Extension Service.
Copyright 2005, Board of Trustees, University
of Florida
Central
science
Agricultural
Research
and Education
Center,
Research
Report
RC-1986-8
.ovemb4
1986
COMMERCIAL CORN VARIETY TEST
FROM SOUTH-CENTRAL FLORIDA
RESULTS
1986
P. Mislevy,
E. S.
Homer
and F
1/
G. Martin-
Corn
can be
extremely valuable
in a livestock feedin
program.
With
rapid
growth
can supplement
and high
perennial
yielding
grasses
ability,
corn harvested
at times when
production
and stored
is low.
as silage
Corn may
follow winter vegetables
or be
use
a pasture
renovation
program.
High
quality
corn
carbohydrate
calves
with
silage
input,
quality
can provide
possibly
feed.
dairy
and beef
reducing high
grain
cattle with a
costs
substantial
provide
growing
Corn ha
to 13 t/A of
used
for other
vested
for silage
dry matter
crops
in3
during
at the
proper
to 4 months.
the remaining
stage
This
to 9
maturity can
would allow the
lan
produce
d to be
months.
Corn
forage
harvested
at the hard
dent
stage
for silage
usually
contains
to 50% dry matter,
carotene,
vitamin D,
approximately
8% crude
but low in minerals.
protein
and is high
produce high
fields
n energy,
of quality
corn
forage,
control,
measures
adapted
correct
plant
hybrids
proper
populations
seeding
nd weed
date,
insect
high
fertility,
and di
sease
water
control
are necessary.
purpose
this
study was
to evaluate
commercial
corn
hybrids
silage
and/or
grain
production at
Ona.
Experimental
Procedure
experiment
was
conducted
at the Agricultural
Research
and Education
Center
(AREC)
Ona.
experimental
design was
a randomized
complete
block
with
fine
replications
sand
on March
Thirty
1986.
commercial
corn
varieties
were
seeded
on an Ona
Fertility
seedi
Fertilization pra
ng. Nitrogen was
ctices were
applied at
970 lb/A of
a rate
0-10
60 lb/A
0 (N-P205-K20)
pre-emergence,
prior
and 1
Ib/A
when
to soil
corn
test
plants
results
were
with
and 24 inches
adequate
amounts
tall.
Soil
pH was
6.0,
according
calcium and magnesium in
soil.
""* - _
Plant
population
pest
control
Corn
27,000
(active
acre.
was
plants
seeded
in 30 inch
rows
per acre. Hefrbcide
and 2.0 lb/A Lasso (ac
thinned
practices
(active)
No cultivati9) practices were
Furadan 15 G (2.7 Ib
insecticide
seeding
to control
insecticide was
applied
used
to the seed
mole
crickets
for bud
worm
at the rate
a final
used were
pre-emerge
employed
active/A)
after
was
population
2.0 lb/A atrazine
in 35 gallons
corn
was
applied in
on small
and bud worms
control.
Ib commercial
corn.
insecticide
product/ 100
of water
seeded.
inch
bands
No a( tional
Mesurol was
seed
repel
birds.
Irrigation
A total
of 7.5 inches
water was
applied
using over-head
irrigation
sprinklers.
Corn maturity
at harvest
Corn
varieties
This was
most
grain
plants
were
were
harvested
at the hard
coincidental
varieties.
yield,
percentage and
with
dent
for dry matter yield
stace as recommended
black layer
Other variables
forage
dry matter
recorded
(percent
grain-to-stover ratio.
formation
for the
and yields),
Grain
yield
when
the kernel
for sila
at the
base
of most
ge production.
of kernels in
experiment were
oven
kernel moisture,
values
were
converted
shelling
and
expre
ssed in bushels
shelled
corn
at 15.5%
moisture.
Results
and Discussion
were o
yield,
Signific
obtained
cant
(P<0.0
for forage
kernel moisture,
Forage
the 1986
of 10.3
differences
among
dry matter yield
shelling
dry matter yields
season
t/A for
matter yields
than
the 1985
averaged
'McCurdy
in 1986
yields.
percentage,
of commercial
8.9 t/A
8172
averaged
However,
(Table
to a
over
a low of
the 30 commercial
percentage
forage
and grain-to-stover
corn hybrids
These
yields
7.3 t/A for
all 30 varieties
the 1986
ields were
corn
varieties
dry matter,
ratio
grown a
ranged
'Jacques
grain
(Table
at Ona during
from a
7900'.
tested were
similar
to 1984
high
Dry
t/A lower
which
averaged 8.
herbicides,
8.8 t/A dry matter.
etc.
in 1986
were
Cultural
practices
essentially
(seeding,
same
as 1985.
fertilizing,
Since
experiment
was
dry matter yield.
Average
however,
This
high
1985
irrigated
However,
temperature
high
as needed,
rainfall
temperature
for March
temperature
higher temperature
for 198
generally
appeared
through June
for the
5 may b
same
time
to be the
1984
period
be responsible
little
effect
determining
1986 was 82.7
averaged
for the
82.75
86.250
average
factor.
o F,
F.
dry matter
yield
being
t/A above
1984
and 1986.
Percent
forage dry matter
at harvest
averaged
in 1986
which was
6 n. A n rt n aaa 1A
al^/^fl^
1 nrT-rau
**t~ at
aoln^. -a
vr~tl\ rf~l
ml~ -i *
n Id n~
' ItQ^^"
ra
Growers
should
consider using
some
early maturing hybrids
like
Agratech
GK 900'
'Seed
and respectable
time
heavy
gained
summer
from
Tech H 2775A'
forage
early
rains.
yields
harvest
On the
which
mature
and allow for
allows
average,
time
early,
earlier
for seeding
high
produce
harvest.
a second
early maturing hybrids
grain
yields
additional
crop
produce
before
lower d
matter yields
(Table
than
late
seas
on hybrids,
but plants
fast,
have
kernel moisture,
and have
good
grain
yields
and grain-to-stover ratios.
Grain
hybrids.
yield
Grain
15.5% moisture
is another
yields
in 1986
(Table
characteristic
averaged
highest
to consider when
166 bu/A shelled
grain
corn
selecting
corn
adjusted
yielding variety was
Sunbelt
1827
producing
high fora
of 35.5%
varieties
an average
ge
dry matter y
and kernel
204 bu/A shelled
field averaging 1
moisture
tested in 1986.
of 36.8%,
corn.
0.1
which
a commercial
This
t/A;
variety
forage
is about
basis,
this
also
dry matter
average
variety
produced
at harvest
for the 3
is ready
forage harves
before
it was
ting b
ready
would
require an
additional
weeks
of field
dryin
for grain harvest.
When
selection
corn hybrids
to be
harvested
for silage
it is important
factor
expressed
varieties with
('Funks
to consider
is the grain-to-st
as a percentage
a relatively
resulted
('Northrup
G 4686')
Other varieties
over
by weight
high
a low
ratio.
rain
forage
The grain-to
available
dry matter
grain-to-stover
PX 9581')
which
ield
ratio
produce
-stover
in the sil
and low
(41-59%)
high
grain
age.
grain
ratio
Corn
yield
(Table
yields
medium stover yields
(short
stalks)
result
in 63-37%
grain-to-stalk
ratio.
This
type
of silage would
more
desirable
for backgrounding
beef
cattle
lactating
hybrid,
high
dairy
choose
cattle which
a variety with
grain-to-stover
ratio.
require
a high
Varieties
high
energy
feed.
dry matter yield,
like
Sunbelt
When
high
1827
selecting
grain
and Seed
a corn
yield and
Tech H-2775A
fit this
criteria.
Southern
corn
rust
(Puccinia
polysora)
was
not a serious
problem
during
the 1986
commonly
growing
call bu
season.
worm,
Some
was evi
army worm damage (S
dent on corn plants
podoptera
4-5 feet
frugiperda Smith)
tall. No
insecticide was
utilized
20% of the plants were
ked.
No bud
to syst
Conclusion
When selecting
a commercial
corn
hybrid
to be grown and
stored
as silage
in south-central
forage and
grain
Florida,
yields,
it is best
resulting
to select
in a high
a variety
(about
50-50)
that
produces
high
grain-to-stover
ratio.
and low
Varieties
kernel
selected
moisture.
should
corn
have
a high
hybrids
forage dry matter percentage
are grown
for grain,
high
grain
yields
at low
kernel moisture
is important.
Varieties with
kernel
moisture
indicate
rapid
field
drying,
earlier harvesting,
with
low storage
drying
costs.
Some
1986
Seed
9581.
varieties
at Ona were
Tech H
2775A,
that
Sunbelt
have
1827
Agratech
produced
high
'Paymaster
GK 900,
dry matter
8951
Asgrow O's
, McCurdy
Gold 2545
grain
8172,
yields
'P-A-G
and Northrup
SX 383
King
Table
Forage
grain
yields
other
agronomic variables
of commercial
corn
varieties
grown
Ona,
1986.
Forage dry matter
Company
brand
Variety
Yield
Grain
Yield
at harvest
Kernel
moisturet
Shelling
percentage
bu/A
McCurdy
Sunbelt
Funks
Jacques
Paymastei
Agratech
Asgrow
P-A-G
Dekalb
Pioneer
8172
1827
G 4686
JX 247
8951
GK 925
O's Gold 5509
SX 383
DK 789
10.3 a
10.1
10.1
10.0
10.0
39.1
35.5
32.2
35.8
42.3
*
a-g
c-1
a-c
a-c
10.0 ab
.6 ab
3055
Coker
Paymaster
Pioneer
Seed
Tech
Sunbelt
Agratech
Northrup King
Sunbelt
Seed
Tech
Dekalb
Asgrow
Asgrow
Northrup King
Jacques
Northrup King
Dekalb
McCurdy
Funks
P-A-G
8990
3192
H-2775A
1860
GK 900
PX 95
.6 ab
.6 ab
1882
H-2686A
DK 689
RX 892
O's Gold
PX 9581
.4 ab
2545
8700
PX 9540
DK 711
8150
G 4733
SX 352
7900
Jacques
AVERAGE
.8 ab
34.1
36.4
32.5
30.7
38.7
37.5
41.3
36.9
33.3
35.2
30.4
33.0
39.3
34.3
40.7
39.6
38.5
33.4
39.3
35.2
38.2
32.9
38.1
37.2
34.8
37.6
85.1
85.3
82.9
81.1
84.8
85.8
a-e
37.8 c
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
153 bc
193 ab
a-c
194 ab
a-e
148 be
189 ab
a-c
195 ab
151 be
a-c
a-c
.6 ab
.3 b
39.3 a-f
36.5
a-c
a-c
33.6
40.5
36.7
33.8
33.1
33.3
37.4
32.0
41.6
c-e
35.9
37.6
34.0
31.8
34.1
30.7
33.0
32.8
35.0
30.7
35.3
8 b-h
84.2
81.9
85.2
86.4
c-e
a-c
82.0 d-i
83.8 b-h
85.2
80.4
79.0 i
81.4
82.0
86.9
87.5 ab
87.4 ab
85.5 a-f
84.5 a-h
87.4 ab
86.2
83.4
84.4
88.6
86.7
84.4
a-c
Gra
Table
cont.
Means within a
column
followed by
same
letters
are not
significantly
different
(P<0.05)
using
Multiple
Range
Test.
tBased
on 15.5% moisture
(shelled
corn)
Determined at
Expressed as
harvest.
a percentage
by weight
on an oven
basis.
Agratech
and Seed
Tech
formally
known as
Gold Kist
Golden Harvest,
respectively.
Seeding
Plant r
date
population
March
1986
(final)
27,000 plants/A
Insecticide
Furadan
18 lb/A commercial
product
in 7
inch
band
over
corn
row at seeding.
Row spacing
30 inches
Fertilization
0-100-200
lb/A
pre-emergence,
6.0,
(N-P 0 -K 0)
120 and 120
prior to
lb/A when
calcium and magnesium was
adequate
seeding.
corn was
Nitrogen was
and 24 inche
, according to
soil
applied
s tall.
U
a rate
of 6
respectively
test.
Herbicide:
Pre-emerge application
of Aatrex(R)
and Las
at 2
lb/A active
, respectively.
Irrigation
Applied
inches
of water via
overhead
sprinklers.
15G(R)
so (R)
Table
Average
grain
and forage
dry matter
ields
ecte
dent
corn
varieties
rown
at Ona
for three
years
1981
-1986.
Company
brand
Variety
Years
tested
Forage
dry matter
Grain
15.5% moisture
bu/A
R4no
Arnm r
Golden Harvest
1604
H2680
10.0
8.7
Coker
Jacques
McCurdy
Northrup
Paymaster
Funks
Asgrow
Asgrow
Dekalb
JX 247
8150
PX 95
8951
G4733
RX 909
RX 114
XL-395
AVERAGE
Name has
been
changed
to Seed
Tech.
|