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VOL. LV-SERIES I-NO. 8
AUGUST 1. 19fin
Thi
University' o
Florida,
Gainesville
*A1
10l58-60
ri-f
19(.
A. _4
THE UNIVERSITY RECORD
Published monthly by the University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida. Entered in the Post Office in Gainesville, Florida as
second-class matter under Act of Congress, August 24, 1912.
Office of Publication, Gainesville, Florida.
BIENNIAL REPORT
A Report of the Activities
of the University of Florida
during the Biennium 1958-60
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA
J. WAYNE REITZ
President
University of Florida
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t is my pleasure to report to you some of
the accomplishments and activities of the
University of Florida during the 1958-1960
S biennium.
This has been a biennium of both satisfaction and dis-
appointment. There is the satisfaction of having awarded
3,654 bachelor's degrees, 723 master's degrees, and 170
doctor's degrees to our finest young people. They have
gone out into the world prepared to make significant con-
tributions in the arts and sciences and in the professions.
There is the satisfaction of important research develop-
ments and of significant educational services rendered.
Disappointment stems from the limitations of resources
with which to accomplish what Florida deserves in the
building of an outstanding institution of higher learning.
The quality of our student body is constantly improv-
ing. Members of each succeeding student body seem to
take more seriously their responsibilities to become en-
lightened citizens in a world increasingly more complex
and increasingly more dependent upon educated people.
I wish to pay particular tribute to a deeply dedicated
faculty at the University of Florida. Theirs has been a
magnificent contribution to the State of Florida and, in-
deed, to the nation and to the world. The teachers, the
research scientists, and those who have extended knowl-
edge over the length and breadth of the state are deserv-
ing of the highest tribute from the people of Florida.
While offering an extremely high quality of instruction to
the young people, the faculty has engaged in important
research as they have inquired into the mysteries of na-
ture, engaged in scholarly activities, and applied new
truths to the problems of our people.
That the faculty is of recognized stature is demon-
strated by the demand for its members as consultants to
governments and institutions all over the world. Business
and industry at home and abroad call upon them for ad-
vice. School systems all over the state and nation seek
their guidance. Such is the caliber of the faculty who
teach our youth and whose services are valued beyond
price.
Unfortunately, the salaries paid these outstanding
scholars and scientists are far below the average of com-
parable institutions. The State of Florida must provide for
a significant increase in faculty salaries if we are to pre-
serve and enhance the quality of the University of Florida.
I believe the people of Florida want quality at their
University.
I wish to express my appreciation not only to the citi-
zens in general who have so loyally supported our program
of increasing excellence, but also, more specifically, to the
Honorable James J. Love and the Honorable J. J. Daniel,
who each served a year as Chairman of the Board of Con-
trol during the biennium, and to the other members of
the Board for their understanding and patience in consider-
ing problems of the University. Their desire and willing-
ness to seek solutions to those problems within the limits
of our resources have been most helpful. To the Governor,
the Honorable LeRoy Collins, members of the Cabinet,
and all other officials with whom certain administrative
matters have been shared, we would express appreciation
for the fullest cooperation.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Academic Program
Faculty
Research
Service
Student Body
Counseling
New Facilities
University Dollar Chart
Outlook
six-eleven
twelve-sixteen
seventeen-twenty-two
twenty-three-twenty-seven
twenty-eight-thirty-two
thirty-three-thirty-six
thirty-seven-forty-one
forty-two
forty-three-forty-four
ACADEMIC
PROGRAM
.i s far back as he could remember Billy
Thomas had been intensely interested in
all things scientific. He had started with a
.< V collection of insects when he was eight,
gone on to a beginning chemistry set at 11, and been top
student in all his science courses in junior high. By the
time he reached high school, he was greatly interested in
chemistry. His high school chemistry teacher took a
personal interest in him and encouraged his outside work.
In his senior year his project demonstrating the rate of
inhibition of mold by metal salts earned him an honorable
mention in the state science fair.
When the time for college application came, both Billy
and his parents were extremely anxious that he should
enroll at a school where he could continue his study of
chemistry under skilled teachers, and most of all where
he would not be 'held back' by students less prepared.
Though they had some apprehension because of its size,
they visited the Univer-
Many classrooms are too crowded sity of Florida campus
and laid their problem
before an academic
..counselor.
Billy entered the Uni-
versity of Florida the
September following his
high school graduation
and was enrolled im-
mediately in Chemistry
S" 217H, where his class-
mates were students like
o himself who had dem-
onstrated outstanding
high school ability in
the field. His strong
background in high
Classroom teaching by television school chemistry and
mathematics, plus high
scores on the senior high school placement tests had been
considered, and Billy had been allowed to omit a begin-
ning chemistry course designed to introduce students
to the field.
Bold experimentation keynoted revisions in academic
programs at the University of Florida during the bien-
nium. In areas such as chemistry, students with proven
ability in the field and who had shown they were ready
for a fast pace, were moved into accelerated programs.
Lecture-demonstration programs were provided for those
who are undecided as to the relevance of chemistry to
their educational objectives, or interested only in a basic
course in the field.
Selective admission, though it has not slowed the pace
of student body growth, has markedly stimulated interest
in the academic program of the University and aided the
rate of student survival in freshman and sophomore
years. In the Comprehensive Courses of the University
College an Honors Program has been established, offering
special sections for students showing more ability than
the average student to delve deeply into subject matter.
Supplementary lecture programs in campus residence
halls have become increasingly well attended and the
high level of student participation in resulting discussion
groups has reflected a rising level of academic interest.
During the 1958-60 biennium, educational television
facilities formed the basis of several successful experi-
ments in teaching subjects where the ratio of students
to professors were already extremely high. These experi-
ments, while they served to relieve materially the pres-
sure for faculty time, were considered by the faculty
primarily as means of enrichment-offering a new di-
mension in college teaching-rather than a replacement
of the present methods of classroom teaching.
Television was tried, experimentally, in teaching the
comprehensive course in humanities for freshman and
sophomore students where lecture sessions were tradi-
tionally large. Approximately 100 students, registered in
an experimental television course, met as a group three
mornings a week for a regular class hour on television.
In groups of 25 these students also met once a week with
the professor for more informal discussion of the week's
work. Students taught partially by television, on the
whole, did as well on their tests and examinations as
students in the regular sections. The faculty participating
in this experiment felt that perhaps students in the TV
experiment did not learn quite as much as students in
regular classes, but the technique is being studied further
for more conclusive data.
Television was also
used as a medium for Learning languages from tape
teaching courses in jour-
nalism, marketing, ad-
vertising, business,
chemistry and physics. ..J.
In the teaching of lan-,
guages, television was
one of several innova-
tions successfully .
attempted. A first year course in French was offered via
the medium of television to both students and non-
students through the facilities of WUFT, the Univer-
sity's educational television station. Courses taught by
television also filled an important need in that they pro-
vided high grade practical knowledge for the communi-
cations students who manned cameras and sound equip-
ment, and aided in the vast amount of technical prepara-
tion necessary in televising.
Tremendous increases in student-faculty ratios in the
Department of Foreign Languages triggered several ex-
periments in language teaching. A language listening
laboratory was established in which students learned by
listening through earphone headsets to taped recordings
of Spanish as a spoken language. Students taught by the
tape-listening method reflected a greater knowledge of
the language as it is spoken than those students without
this learning experience.
Traditionally bigness in language classes has no merit,
and after experiencing in 1958 an academic year in
which classes ran to 50 students, a third innovation was
instituted in language teaching in the fall of 1959. To
provide necessary instruction- at the beginning level
where enrollment pressures were heaviest, without crip-
pling other advanced instruction, a beginning section in
Spanish was established with no limit on the size of
the class.
To provoke the special effort on the part of both
teacher and students that was clearly necessary, an en-
tire new course was devised, one that demanded more
work, a better level of achievement, and one that en-
forced a more rigorous discipline. Peak registration in
this unique class ran to 190 students under the instruc-
tion of a single professor. Students completing the
experimental Spanish course were found to be superior
in overall preparation, with a well developed ability to
read the language and good aural comprehension. Writ-
ing and speaking abilities of the students, however, were
judged to be poor in comparison. The gains noted among
these students were primarily credited by the faculty to
intensification of effort on the part of both student and
teacher, and the administration and teaching of the en-
tire course by a single instructor. Relative failure of
students in writing and speaking is being compensated
in subsequent advanced courses by limiting enrollments
to 20 in each section.
Further rises in student-faculty ratios will necessitate
continuance of this large single class technique in Spanish
and establishment of a similar program in beginning
German.
Many academic programs of the University were re-
vised and upgraded and several new programs were
added. During the biennium, the University experienced
the establishment of a new college-the College of
Health Related Services-which accepted its first stu-
dents in September, 1959. The College becomes the first
unit of its type in the world-offering bachelors degree
programs in occupational therapy, physical therapy, and
medical technology and a masters degree program in
rehabilitation counseling. The Director of the Federal
Office of Vocational Rehabilitation, after viewing the
facilities and witnessing the training program was in-
spired to remark that the College's program was "an
outstanding example of the pattern of the rehabilitation
service and training of tomorrow."
To comply with increased accreditation requirements,
the University's 37 year old College of Pharmacy re-
vised its curriculum to include a five-year program. A
S... Masters Degree in hospital pharmacy
w; was also initiated through a pharmacy
TA "internship program in the University's
rTeaching Hospital and Clinics.
Programs for development and rec-
ognition of high academic achievement
were established by the colleges of En-
gineering and Arts and Sciences. Com-
pletion of a high honors project and
preparation of a thesis concerning it
were established in the College of Engi-
Phyical Therapy training nearing to distinguish the superior stu-
dents to receive degrees with the high honors designation.
A special program involving 12 hours of classroom work
including a senior seminar was instituted by Arts and
Sciences to prepare students with high academic averages
for the high honors distinction.
The College of Agriculture, in recognition of the shift-
ing emphasis from agricultural production to agri-
business is in the process of revising its curriculum to
meet the challenges of a dynamic agricultural industry.
Though increasingly short of space to serve growing
needs, the University Library continued to serve a vital
role in providing study and research materials for stu-
dents and faculty alike. During the two year period it
was necessary to move nearly 90,000 volumes from the
library shelves to other storage areas because of lack of
adequate shelf space.
Major curriculum revisions, most resulting from ex-
tensive evaluation of the College's function, were in-
stituted in the College of Law, College of Business Ad-
ministration and College of Architecture and Fine Arts.
Nearly all units carried out reviews of their courses of
study and made changes brought about by rapid ad-
vances in all areas of knowledge.
FACULTY
., hearing his name called, Dr. Harry Prystow-
sky stepped from behind the curtain and
y onto the platform. The glare of the spot-
Sr.. lights was intense. He was dimly aware of
the popping flashbulbs and grinding of motion picture
cameras as the working press recorded his presentation.
Then, as 2,000 people in the Hartford Armory stood to
applaud, the President of the U.S. Junior Chamber of
Commerce presented him with the famed Jayson Trophy,
emblematic of his selection as one of the Ten Outstanding
Young Men in the nation for the year 1959.
The young professor of obstetrics and gynecology from
the University of Florida became the second member of
the University faculty to receive the honor in successive
years. Only the year before, a colleague and also a mem-
ber of the University of Florida faculty had experienced
the receipt of the same award-Richard T. Smith, pro-
fessor of pediatrics.
Generally, faculty de-
In fair weather the campus velopment during the
becomes a classroom e tg
biennium proceeded to
new high planes. While
heavier teaching loads
in many instances stifled
scholarly research and
I writing, and some key
faculty left to accept
positions in industry and
r a
at other institutions at higher pay scales, scholarly writ-
ings by the faculty indicate a high degree of professional
excellence and the election of many members of the
faculty to high offices in their respective professional
organizations emphasized the respect with which the
academic world regards many members of the faculty
and staff.
Continuation during the biennium of the appointment
of distinguished scholars as Graduate Research Professors
in their respective professional fields contributed material-
ly to a general upgrading of the graduate program and
enhanced the University's reputation as a center for
graduate study and research in various professional areas.
The high regard with which the University faculty is
held outside the campus was partially indicated by the
increasing requests for their talents in consulting and
advisory capacities with governmental agencies, founda-
tions, and scholarly organizations. University faculty
served as consultants on more than 145 different projects
during one year of the biennium alone. These projects
ranged from providing consulting services to Florida
municipalities on urbanization and zoning problems to
the strengthening of the basic sciences curriculum in the
University of Mandalay in Burma.
During the biennium University faculty members have
played a very important part in surveying the school sys-
tems in Florida as a basis for projecting facilities for the
phenomenal growth of the population of the State. Sev-
eral other states including Oklahoma and California have
called on University of Florida faculty for similar surveys.
Many members of the faculty are the authors of books
which are standard texts in leading colleges and univer-
sities throughout the United States. In 1959 alone, the
faculty published more than 1,500 books and articles or
as many as in the entire previous biennium. At the same
time, the calibre of the faculty was reflected in the attrac-
tion of increased grant funds. During 1959, the faculty
attracted $2,835,476 in grants for research as compared
to $200,000 ten years ago.
Sixty-eight percent of the teaching faculty at the
rank of assistant professor or above have the doctor's
degree.
These facts point unerringly to the conclusion that the
University of Florida faculty has been measured in numer-
ous ways outside the confines of the campus and in these
measurements, they have shown enormous stature.
But, if the faculty is to continue this pace of achieve-
ment at the University of Florida, they must have sup-
porting salaries and facilities which can at least be called
average when compared with other universities in Flor-
ida's class. Industry with its higher pay scales continues
to compete with the University of Florida for qualified
faculty. Faculty members cannot continue to serve Florida
at financial sacrifice and this trend must be stopped if the
University of Florida is to maintain and improve its sub-
stantial faculty strength.
A recently completed study graphically illustrates the
fact that University of Florida professors are making an
average of almost $2,000 per year less than the average
at 21 comparable universities with which the University
must compete for faculty. As a result, it is increas-
ingly difficult to fill positions-both new positions or
vacancies. For example, the head of a major University
department succumbed to the lure of industry more than
two years ago and a qualified replacement has not yet
been found at a salary which the University can offer.
This same study revealed that the average salary for a
full professor in 1959-60 in the other 21 universities sur-
veyed, amounted to $10,640 while the University of Flor-
ida's average was only $8,915. Since American colleges
are producing only about half as many Ph.D's as will be
needed in college teaching positions in the next decade, a
seller's market has been created in the college teaching
field. As a result, University of Florida faculty members
increasingly will be faced with favorable job offers at
other institutions.
During the past several years increased student enroll-
ment at the University of Florida has been met largely by
simply increasing the number of students each faculty
member must teach and advise. At the beginning of the
last biennium, the University of Florida ranked 17th on
a list of 22 comparable Universities in the number of stu-
dents per professor. The University of Florida cannot
afford to let the gap between its growing student body and
the faculty widen every year without hurting the quality
of instruction.
Despite the tightened admission requirements initiated
in 1956, enrollments have continued to increase and
studies show that the University may be called upon to
provide for an enrollment of 20,000 by 1970. Only
through the use of improved teaching methods has the
effect of this high ratio been minimized.
While innovations such as television and foreign lan-
guage tapes proved effective as supplements in the teach-
ing of certain basic courses where large lecture sessions
were feasible, they do not solve the student-teacher ratio
problem in the professional schools and in graduate work
where small classes are desirable and the professor must
spend maximum time with individual students. For ex-
ample, the optimum size of a graduate class in most in-
stances is six to 15 students, depending on the subject
matter. Some graduate courses at the University of Flor-
ida during the past biennium ran from 26 to 100 students.
The University of Florida has no program of sabbatical
leaves for faculty, though 15 other universities queried
in a recent survey acknowledged that they offered such
leaves. Sabbatical leaves, relieving the professor from his
heavy teaching load, for a semester at full pay, or a year
at half pay every seven years, provide the professor with the
necessary time to do intensive research or study. Such
study and research is important in maintaining and up-
grading the quality of the faculty and the Fund for the
Advancement of Education says "the quality of the pro-
fessor has far more effect on student learning than the
methods or the size of the class."
While television and the use of graduate students in
teaching has served to lighten somewhat the heavy teach-
ing loads at the University of Florida, it is generally felt
that the use of these methods is more expensive and less
effective than the traditional classroom teaching by a
qualified and competent professor.
I II 'll 1 /"I
Lt'adiniw a dbu~s Ml~ Zf illflanflti
RESEARCH
ip Van Winkle arose, sleepily. The sound of
thunder had caused his mind to sense the
coming of rain, and he suddenly remember-
ed that he had dozed in the open and that
shelter was home and home was a long walk away. But,
as Washington Irving related in his classic story of Rip,
what Rip saw on awakening was not black clouds and the
impending threat of rain, but a number of little dwarfs,
bowling on the green. And the "thunder" was in reality
the noise from the game as the balls struck the pins.
Today in the mountainous area near Albany, New
York, called "Monkey Run," live several families of
people whom local residents refer to as "pig men." They're
small with unusual and grotesque features. Medical
science calls the phenomenon with which they are af-
flicted gargoylism-and it is not restricted to any one
area, but occurs throughout the world as a congenital
malformation. Florida has had its share, too. The child,
at birth, first appears
relatively normal and Research in nutritional qualities of citrus
healthy, but then slowly
develops the appearance
of a gargoyle dwarf.
Its eyes are widely
spaced, and the fore-
head bulges and be-
comes rounded. Hands
as they develop become Li,. j i
broad with short stubby fingers that do not flex, and the
baby has increasing respiratory troubles. The hydro-
cephalus which occurs at the same time further impairs
the working of the brain so that the child's mind develops
only to a certain point, occasionally to that of a school
age or pre-school age child. Then, while still compara-
tively young, usually in the teens, the child dies.
Research on the strange disease has been limited be-
cause of the rarity of the condition and the lack of an ex-
perimental animal, possessing all of the characteristics of
the gargoyle, with which scientists could work freely.
Grazing contentedly on a pasture at the Beef Research
Unit just outside of Gainesville is a herd of cattle. Some ap-
pear to be quite normal. Others appear to be yearlings, but
there seems to be an unusually large number of yearlings.
The "yearlings" are "snorter dwarfs" to the cattlemen.
They're full grown-yet, they're only about one-third the
size of the other cattle. Strangely, they have a bulging,
rounded forehead, and you can hear them breathe labor-
iously, and you understand why they're called "snorter
dwarfs."
This herd of dwarf cattle probably represents one of the
few that exist in the whole world. Cattlemen have tradi-
tionally eliminated "snorters" as they occurred in their
herds. While this phenomenon costs Florida cattlemen
hundreds of thousands of dollars each year, it is seldom
discussed; and research into the causes of the condition
among cattle has been stifled by the rarity of living dwarf
cattle-virtually eliminating scientific observations and
experiments on this disorder.
The herd of "snorters" may hold the key to the solution
of many of the mysteries of gargoylism in humans, and the
studies of genetics in cattle should shed new light on the
snorter dwarfs which plague cattlemen. It is not un-
realistic to assume that improved methods of diagnosing
gargoylism among humans at an earlier age may come
from studies by the Department of Pediatrics at the Uni-
versity's J. Hillis Miller Health Center and that animal
husbandrymen in the Agricultural Experiment Station
and College of Agriculture will learn more about this
phenomenon-perhaps even devise a method of deter-
mining which cattle are the "carriers" and eliminating
them from the herd before they sire dwarf calves.
The general level of research at the University during
the biennium continued on an upward trend in both
quality and quantity. As the cooperative work between
medicine and agriculture on gargoylism graphically re-
veals, specific research projects and interests often em-
braced several departments of the University, and the
sharing of facilities and equipment reduce the cost and
promote common interests among various scientific dis-
ciplines.
While the level of sponsored research continued up-
ward, totalling nearly six million dollars during the bien-
nium, of equal importance was the advancement of
unsponsored, individual scholarly research by faculty
throughout the University. Sponsored research is that
research which is financed by industry, government or
other organizations for which a contract is made. Among
the more important re-
Tagging turtles to study their migration search programs initia-
ted by the various
-' ~- '----.. -- colleges of the Univer-
"sity were studies on new
teaching methods. The
-- ~University College com-
---pleted a comprehensive
study on teaching by tele-
vision, and the College
of Nursing pioneered a new method in teaching public
health nursing through the Alachua County Health De-
partment.
Various departments of the University continued and
initiated new programs relating to the national defense.
Sponsored by various federal agencies, many programs are
classified and cannot be described. The federal govern-
ment continued as the largest sponsor of research at the
University during the biennium, accounting for approxi-
mately 67 per cent of the University's total sponsored
research program.
Studies relating to particular Florida problems inspired
a number of projects, ranging from the erosion of Florida
beaches to the increased problems brought about by
urbanization and mass population increases. The College
of Engineering initiated new studies related to rare Flor-
ida metals. With rapidly changing industrial and tech-
nological development, many of the metals found in Flor-
ida sands loom important in manufacturing and defense
programs of the future. Renewed impetus was given sani-
tary and public health research which is of extreme im-
portance to Florida communities because of the state's
water table and topography.
To assist planning by Florida business and state agen-
cies, the College of Business Administration's Bureau of
Business and Economic Research completed new studies
on population, income, construction, retail sales, com-
mercial fisheries and gerontology. The Bureau also con-
tributed heavily to the important inventory of scientists
and engineers in Florida, conducted by the University
under a grant from the Ford Foundation. Completed at
the end of the biennium, the inventory forms the first
comprehensive study of Florida's scientific manpower
level with projections for two decades on additional needs
in the state for engineers, scientists, physicians and dentists.
* *.~ e-..... ~ ~I ~: ..j-..~
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-----------
Studying the effect of currents in Florida inlet model
Pulp and paper industries, one of the state's largest
manufacturing groups, received a substantial boost with
the development in the College of Engineering of a new
pulp process. A pilot plant nearing completion is expected
to prove that the new process provides a more efficient use
of natural resources with the resulting modification of
many of the pulp plants throughout the nation. The
School of Forestry's research program in forest tree im-
provement made additional progress in the development
of a superior tree for use by pulp and paper companies.
Development in the young College of Medicine pro-
ceeded rapidly along new lines of research activity, with
major research programs being activated in all clinical
and basic science departments.
While the calibre of the faculty and research staff is
such that sponsoring agencies and industries are attracted
to the University for solution of important research prob-
lems, a lack of facilities tended to stifle sponsored research
in some areas. Inadequate laboratory facilities forced the
refusal of research programs in some departments of the
University and a consequent loss of research funds.
Scholarly research in the liberal arts and other non-
scientific fields was hampered by heavy teaching loads
brought about by an increasing enrollment without a
corresponding increase in faculty.
Research at the University level lays the groundwork
for the world of the future. Stifling research with in-
adequate facilities and without the ability to attract addi-
tional research talent, in effect, slows down the develop-
ment of Florida and the higher standards of living and
culture to which its citizens are entitled.
ANALYSIS OF SOURCES OF RESEARCH CONTRACT AND GRANT FUNDS
JUNE 30, 1960
1 2 3 4 5
Million Million Million Million Million
Federal Funds
Foundation
State Funds
Industrial
Other
SERVICE
riefcase in hand, the professor left his cam-
pus office. He had been in the classroom
virtually the entire day and now he was
is" faced with a quick flight to Pensacola and
another period of instruction. Ten minutes later he was
at the airport, and a few minutes later was lifting the
small plane off the runway and pointing the nose toward
Pensacola.
He was a member of the University's "flying faculty"-a
group of professors who, through the General Extension Di-
vision, teach college courses for credit almost anywhere in
Florida if there is a sufficiently large group interested in
the same subject to justify the offering of the course.
Private flying by faculty in such instances is rare, but
the situation is not uncommon. Last year 8,000 Florida
adults enrolled for such courses; and while General Ex-
tension Division faculty traveled more than 1 million miles
teaching the extension courses between Pensacola and
Key West, the students would have had to travel 15 bil-
lion miles if they had had to commute to the campus.
The University of Florida's service program is an inte-
gral part of the University's three functions-teaching,
research and extension. And, while it offers services in
many diverse ways, certain programs are devoted ex-
clusively to this function. Specific service programs are
too numerous to mention, but include, for example, the
service function of the University of Florida Libraries,
General Extension Division, Agricultural Extension Serv-
ice, Public Administration Clearing House, Bureau of
Business and Economic Research, and the Teaching Hos-
pital and Clinics.
Agriculture and agriculture-related business in Florida
account for well over $2 billion in the state's income each
year. Servicing this vital segment of the state's economy
are county agricultural agents in 66 of Florida's counties
and home demonstration agents in 54 counties. Members
of the University of Florida faculty, these educators assist
in the solution of problems of the farm and home as they
occur in their individual areas. They disseminate informa-
tion obtained from many sources including the labora-
tories and Agricultural Experiment Stations of the Uni-
versity. Rapid urbanization of Florida has caused the
Agricultural Extension Service to shift emphasis some-
what in order to serve the needs of new residents with
problems related to their new environment.
The Agricultural Extension Service is as concerned with
young people as it is with adults. The 4-H Club organiza-
tion, sponsored by the Extension Service, has more than
42,000 boys and girls enrolled and is the second largest
youth organization, topped only by the Boy Scouts, and
is the largest rural youth
organization. Emphasis University service extended to Burma
is on developing better
citizens through useful
projects.
While many of the
Extension Service's pro-
grams are planned and
accomplished with the
help of people in
the local communities,
some emergency situa-*
tions arise which require
eaispecial attention. For
example, the disastrous
freezes of 1957 and
1958 caused the Gover-
nor to name the Exten-
sion Service to adminis-
ter the Disaster Relief
Feed Grain Program in
heart surgery performed in Florida. The Service
fly eradication campaigns.
Spanning a broad section of the citizenry of Florida, the
General Extension Division conducted more than 240
workshops and institutes during the biennium on subjects
ranging from urban renewal to alcoholic counseling.
Eight new workshops and institute groups are on the Ex-
tension Division agenda for 1960-61.
Last year nearly 5,000 Floridians received college
credits for courses taken by correspondence through the
Division's correspondence study program. Embracing 35
fields, the Division now offers 140 different courses, and
18 new courses are in various stages of planning and pre-
paration in response to demand for adult education
through correspondence credit.
Of major importance in the correspondence study pro-
gram are the University of Florida Libraries. With nearly
900,000 volumes, the Library services other Florida li-
braries with interlibrary loans and provides scholarly ma-
terials for research and study to many of Florida's junior
and senior colleges.
Florida municipalities and counties received advice and
assistance in solving many problems concerning zoning,
annexation, government organization and urbanization
Open
new
through the University's Public Administration Clearing
House. During the biennium, professors were called upon
by a number of different Florida governmental organiza-
tions for advice and counsel and conducted a series of
studies in various areas of Florida, requested by public
officials and study groups.
With the opening of the Teaching Hospital and Clinics
in 1958, the University assumed the responsibility for
offering medical and health services not normally avail-
able through community hospitals and other agencies.
There was, and still is, a backlog of patients requiring
difficult surgery such as open heart surgery for congenital
defects, orthopedic surgery for crippled children, neuro-
surgery, and many other medical specialties. While the
Teaching Hospital and Clinics was built and placed in
operation for the teaching of medical students and stu-
dents in other health and medical related areas, patient
care is a prime consideration in every facet of the teach-
ing program; and facilities and staff needed for teaching
made it possible to offer various services heretofore un-
available.
The University continued to play an important role
in rendering aid to educational institutions and related
programs throughout the world. In addition to accepting
more than 400 foreign students from 66 nations as mem-
bers of the student body,
the University com- County Agent advises farmer
pleted a study and fur-
nished faculty which
led to the incorporation
of American teaching
methods at the Univer-
sity of Mandalay under
the sponsorship of the
Ford Foundation. The *
At
Caribbean Conference, conducted by the School of Inter-
American Studies, brought to the campus leaders from
most of those nations in the Caribbean, Central and
South America. Such programs not only contribute to
the educational program of the University but to increased
mutual understanding of the problems and way of life
in other parts of the world.
A General Extension Division short course on campus.
STUDENT BODY
he law office of a prominent South Florida
attorney recently had a young visitor. The
well-dressed young man left his name with
the receptionist and took a seat in the quiet
waiting room. In a few minutes the attorney, a man in his
early forties, opened his office door, welcomed the young
man warmly, and escorted him into the private office.
After exchanging brief greetings, the young man handed
the attorney a thick mimeographed report and his tone
became more serious as he began to talk.
His subject was neither football, fraternities, nor rock
and roll. For that matter it was none of the things usually
thought to occupy the time of modern youth. His conver-
sation instead was liberally sprinkled with references to
student-faculty ratios, crowded classrooms, per capital
expenditures, and sabbatical leaves.
The young visitor was a University Thermometer reflects growth
of student loan fund
of Florida student; the attorney an
alumnus, former state legislator and
even earlier an active campus leader. l
The young man, typical of a growing
group on the University campus, was a
member of a student government com-
mittee concerned with a subject they
were taking very seriously-educa- |
tional analysis. His visit was one of '-
nearly a hundred he and others of -
the committee would make as they
traveled to all corners of the state to carry the results of
their committee's study to those they felt should hear
them.
The work of this student group was only a part of the
evidence of a growing interest in the academic program
of the University which developed during the biennium.
Organized in the Fall of 1959 the student committee-
reflecting a serious interest in the quality of higher edu-
cation in Florida-set out to determine, and to construc-
tively publicize these problems. The committee's study
was both careful and exhaustive; far more than a quick
look at the situation as it appeared on the surface, and
not limited to problems or needs of the University of
Florida alone. Their efforts materially aided state leaders
in government, business and industry, in becoming aware
of the problems facing higher education in the state.
Student government, traditionally a strong voice in the
affairs of the University student body, re-examined its
role of leadership during the biennium and took steps to
change what it found lacking. The first major revision of
the student body constitution since before the war-
providing better representation for the growing number
of students living in residence halls-was carried out and
adopted by student vote,
and a realistic and objec- Quality of the Student Body
tive examination of the HIGH SCHOOL SENIORS UF FRESHMEN
Honor System got under- 10% H 56% of oo,
way. University of Florida
Freshman Class Comes
Squarely facing the need 80%fo 7dp enio High 0%
to meet increasing scho- School Class
plastic demands brought
about by selective admis- 60% 60%
sion and tightened stand-
ards, students both indi-
vidually and through their 40% to%
20%
organized activities set higher marks for themselves. A
number of student honor groups pooled their academic
resources to establish a Tutor Society. Fraternity and
sorority groups raised the academic standards required
of pledges from a 200 score on the High School Place-
ment Test to 300, and most also established scholarship
committees in recognition of the need to bring their
activities in line with academic goals of the University.
The efforts of the fraternities and sororities were particu-
larly fruitful, with the fraternity academic average in
1959-60 rising above the all student average for the first
time in a decade.
Enrollment, of course, continued to grow. As has been
true for a number of years the percentage of married
students held at a high figure nearing 20 percent. Though
How University of Florida Freshmen
Compare with College Freshmen Nationally*
'In inn
campus housing was still only available for approximately
one-half of the student body, the number of students liv-
ing on the campus, and unaffiliated with fraternity, so-
rority or cooperative living groups increased. This grow-
ing group of on-campus residents underscored the long
felt need for an adequate facility for organized social
activity. Fall and Spring Frolics, other dances and touring
entertainment groups were still presented in the gym-
nasium. No adequate auditorium was available to seat a
large part of the student body and most sought entertain-
ment in off-campus facilities.
A strong administration determination to avoid the
dangers of bigness was met by student interest in helping
solve their own problems of adjustment. Students set up
residence hall organizations to help maintain a sense of
identity with their living unit. An expanded residence hall
counseling program was utilized heavily and also aided
in decreasing the problems of adjustment and identity on
the growing campus. The expanded academic counseling
programs and early registration were well supported as
well.
One of the most ambitious student projects in many
years came in answer to an increasing demand for student
loan and scholarship funds. Learning that the University
faced the necessity of turning down federal funds for loans
provided by the National Defense Education Act because
required matching funds were not available, the students
proposed a solution. The student body president appeared
before the executive council of the alumni association and
pledged the students to the raising of $20,000 if the
alumni group would raise the remaining $70,000 required.
Under the banner of "Dollars for Scholars," students soli-
cited over $18,000 in less than a year and had plans to
get the remainder.
Even with the addition of the federal funds made
available so far, applications for financial aid have ex-
ceeded the supply. The national economy is reflected in
increased requests for such aid, with few students com-
pleting their education without some assistance through
loans, scholarships or student employment.
All indications were that the caliber of the University
of Florida student body remained above the national
average. Increasing numbers of national business and
industrial concerns came to the campus to interview and
hire graduates at average salaries well above the national
levels. University of Florida graduates continued to be
chosen for positions of high responsibility in public school
systems, junior colleges, and universities throughout the
nation. Every profession was well represented by former
students, and the graduation of the first classes in Medi-
cine and Nursing promised to swell the ranks even further
in these vital callings.
0
?-
COUNSELING
o matter how fast I work I never seem to
get through on time," a rather nervous
*young college student told a University of
Florida counselor last October. The coun-
selor nodded understandingly and began to study the
boy's record folder open before him. A better than
average high school record, he noted, predominantly
B grades with an occasional grade below or above.
Nothing strikingly different from thousands he had
seen. He put aside the high school transcript and ran
his pencil down a column of scores on a small photostatic
record. Suddenly a figure caught his eye and he under-
scored it heavily. He turned to the telephone on his desk
and dialed a number from memory. The number was
that of a University clinic devoted to the improvement of
reading skills.
Through skilled interpretation of test scores this trained
counselor had diagnosed a reading problem that had
begun to plague the young student during the first highly
competitive weeks of his
college career. As a re- Planning an academic career
sult of this counseling. *
and the individually
planned program of as- .
distance he received in '*
the reading clinic, this
student was able to
overcome his slowness
of reading and achieve grades commensurate with the
abilities he had demonstrated in high school.
Increases in enrollment brought heavy pressures on
counseling facilities at the University of Florida during
the biennium. Failure to identify problems and false
academic starts are expensive; they waste both precious
years of the student's life and the taxpayer's dollars. Be-
cause the University had too few counselors, many stu-
dents were unable to make necessary adjustments, and
many more failures and false academic starts occurred
than necessary.
A strong determination to avoid and offset the pitfalls
of bigness keynoted revisions made in the counseling pro-
gram. To supplement the five full time counselors in the
University College, where the over 7,000 freshmen and
sophomores are enrolled, a start was made toward de-
veloping a panel of trained academic advisers, with the
ultimate aim of assigning each entering freshman an
adviser. At present, these advisers work with freshmen
only during registration periods. A fivefold increase in the
panel will be necessary before all freshmen can be as-
signed counselors.
Begun during the summer months of 1959, a unique
program of early registration holds great promise for
helping students adjust more quickly to college life, and
allows more time for adequate academic counseling than
is possible during the rush of fall orientation. To help
parents realize the joint responsibilities which they must
share with the University, and to acquaint them with the
facilities available, they are invited to take part in the
group meetings and counseling sessions during this two-
day summer registration program. Efforts are made to
retain a feeling of intimacy and provide maximum indi-
vidual attention through the invitation of incoming fresh-
men and their parents in groups of approximately 120.
Eleven hundred students participated during the first
series of these programs, and plans call for expansion to
include all entering freshmen as resources become avail-
able. The early registration program and the expanded
counseling opportunities it offers have received high
praise from all involved.
The first line of counseling at the University of Florida
is provided by residence hall counselors. These members
of the Housing staff are especially concerned with the
educational potentials of group living. They are available
to students with personal problems and questions regard-
ing procedures, policies and other aspects of campus life.
Regular interview sessions are arranged with each stu-
dent to aid him in adjusting to residence hall life and to
help him become familiar with University facilities. Be-
sides the heavy load of individual counseling performed
by these residence hall counselors, they plan and arrange
enrichment programs that bring speakers, films, and a
variety of cultural, educational and entertaining programs
to the residence halls. Educational forums, bringing Uni-
versity lecturers from the University College departments,
are the backbone of this enrichment program. Some 3,300
residence hall students participated in 32 of these pro-
grams during the school
Parents accompany students in early registration year 1959-60 alone.
K ^Informal counseling
of students continues to
be a responsibility of all
the teaching staff. Fac-
ulty in all the schools
and colleges maintain
9/ p office hours during
A \ which time students
may discuss their educational aims, problems, and cur-
ricula. Though somewhat hampered by rising student-
faculty ratios, this type of counseling will be continued
to make specialized subject matter counseling available
to students in both the University College and upper
divisions units.
Many religious groups aid the University counseling
program through the maintenance of denominational
centers adjacent to the campus. Students of these various
faiths have an opportunity to continue their religious
training and directors of the religious student centers are
available to them for spiritual counseling.
Under the overall coordination of the Dean of Stu-
dent Affairs the various counseling services, both personal
and educational, have been revised and expanded in an
attempt to keep pace with the wide variety of problems
facing a growing student body. Facilities are available to
cope with every conceivable counseling situation, but all
these facilities are heavily taxed. More counselors are
needed in the residence halls and in the University Col-
lege where educational counseling facilities are greatly
undermanned.
Innovations in counseling during the biennium have
largely involved heavier loads on present counselors and
efforts to better allocate the counseling time of the indi-
vidual instructor. These are only partial answers to the
problem and the more satisfactory answers seem to lie in
additional counseling personnel and reduced student-
faculty ratios.
NEW FACILITIES
P "pon arrival on the University of Florida
campus, the shiny aluminum-uranium alloy
plates did not appear uncommon. A care-
. ?I ful survey with a geiger counter revealed a
radiation level of about the same intensity as that of the
radium dial watch on the engineer's wrist.
Later, with the flicking of a switch, the shiny plates
were submitted to a "source" and they became highly
radioactive-placing power equal to the complete com-
bustion of 10,000 tons of coal at the operator's finger tips
and activating the first critical atomic reactor in the State
of Florida.
Activated and dedicated on the campus in 1960, the
atomic reactor became an important new facility for the
University's ever-growing science and technology pro-
grams. A "must" for the training of nuclear engineers and
technicians, the reactor presents infinite opportunities for
scientific studies in many disciplines and, particularly, as
a source of industrial power for Florida-a state whose
industrial expansion has been slowed for centuries be-
cause of almost a total
lack of fossil fuels and A modern residence hall for women
other cheap sources of | |
power. While federal
and state funds financed
a major part of its con- .
struction, Florida in-
dustry also contributed
materially to the new facility and the building in which
it is housed.
However, even with the activation of the atomic reactor
and other new facilities during the biennium, the growth
of educational and research facilities, like the growth of
the faculty, failed to keep up with the increase in the size
of the student body.
The only building on which construction was initiated
during the biennium for educational purposes was the
Pharmacy-Research Wing on the site of the J. Hillis
Miller Health Center. Federal matching funds totaling
more than $500,000 were contributed to its construction.
Scheduled for completion in March of 1961, the building
will provide desperately needed quarters for the College
of Pharmacy and research laboratories for the College of
Medicine whose research program has already been
stifled due to a lack of laboratory space. The space to be
vacated by the College of Pharmacy in Leigh Hall will
permit a somewhat better allocation of space to the De-
partment of Chemistry now cramped in one portion of
the building.
Federal and state funds were secured for the construc-
tion of an animal farm which will serve the various
scientific research programs of the Health Center as
animal quarters and a place for quarantining new animals
until they're proven to be free of disease. Constructed
with a grant from the Na-
with a grant from the Na- Atomic age training with new nuclear reactor
tional Institutes of Health,
and located on the northwest
corner of the campus, the
farm relieved the heavy load
on the limited animal quar- .
ters available in the Medical
Sciences Building. .
The unique new athletic track
Student Housing continued to be of critical importance.
With federal loans to be repaid from rents, construction
of two new residence halls (one for men and one for
women) was initiated which, when completed, will ac-
commodate 1300 students. And, although new housing
facilities were completed and put to use during the bien-
nium, student housing remained at such a critical level
that temporary housing facilities which are antiquated
and inadequate could not be removed.
During the biennium, women students moved into
Rawlings Hall, and male students, into Hume Hall. Both
residence halls were built with funds obtained on loan
from the federal government. Construction was also com-
pleted on Schucht and Corry Villages, adding 296 new
permanent units for married students.
Federal and limited foundation support also contri-
buted materially to the expansion and enlargement of
educational television facilities, permitting increased utili-
zation of television as a medium in teaching and con-
struction of a microwave relay tower which ties WUFT to
Jacksonville for the transmission of educational programs.
Probably the most unique of the facilities completed
during the biennium was the revolutionary new asphalt
track built with funds from the Department of Inter-
collegiate Athletics. The first of its type in the world, the
new track is already being emulated at other institutions
and is expected to be standard in a few years-replacing
the traditional cinder tracks which have been used in
the past.
The Department of Intercollegiate Athletics also added
steel bleachers to the student side of Florida Field, en-
larging the student seating area by 3280 seats.
Completed and opened for the admission of patients
in the fall of 1958 and dedicated late in 1959, the Teach-
ing Hospital and Clinics is serving as a superb teaching
facility for the Colleges of Medicine, Nursing, Health
Related Services, and Pharmacy. Selected by a leading
professional journal as the Modern Hospital of the
Month in 1959, the Teaching Hospital and Clinics con-
tinues to attract visiting architects and medical educators
from all over the world who are designing and con-
structing similar facilities elsewhere.
THE UNIVERSITY DOLLAR
1959-60
Instruction 31.8
Organized Research 30.8
State Appropriation 71.4
t Sales and Service 15.9
SStudent Fees 6.1
Federal Appropriation 3.7
Gifts and Grants 2.9
This is the University's educational dollar
and does not include self-supporting
auxiliary funds.
Organized Activities 14.6
Extension 7.9
Maintenance 6.5
Administration 5.3
Libraries and Museums 3.1
INCOME
EXPENSE
OUTLOOK
he challenges and opportunities which face
the University of Florida in the immediate
future are large and important. Except for
a few small programs needed to perform
more effectively present functions, the addition of new
activities is not anticipated. The major task the Univer-
sity faces is that of bringing up to a high level of quality
all aspects of the University program. To do this, fully
competent faculty members must be obtained, and they
must be provided with the finest facilities for teaching
and research, while continuing to improve the quality and
performance of the students.
An enrollment of approximately 14,000 students is
anticipated during the school year 1961-62. A larger
proportion of these will be in the Upper Division and
Graduate School than in the past.
To meet this challenge, a larger measure of support
for the University by the citizens of Florida will be re-
quired. Faculty salaries must be increased approximately
15 percent each year in the coming biennium if the Uni-
versity is to secure the quality of research and instruction
that will place it on a par with other good universities
in the nation. A minimum building program involving
at least $17,000,000 of new construction is now necessary
simply to take care of present demands. The University
looks to its alumni and friends, as well as to the State of
Florida, for assistance in obtaining the support which
is required.
Florida, as a dynamic and growing state, can never be
satisfied with mediocrity in any enterprise, least of all in
higher education. The price of excellence in every aspect
of higher education is high and inevitably rising. But it is,
and will be, less than the cost to the people of Florida of
settling for the wasteful ineffectiveness of educational
mediocrity. It is the confidence that the people of Florida
will demand the best and provide for this that enables
the University staff to face these problems and opportu-
nities with confidence.
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