FLORIDA ARCHITECT SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER, 1985
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CONTENTS
September/October, 1985
Volume 32, Number 5
Features
The Bus Stops Here
The C.K. Steele Plaza
Ken Walton
Orlando: The City Disney Built
"De" Schofield and Lorraine Lax
The 1985 FA/AIA Awards for Excellence
in Architecture
An Expanse of Light and Color
Additions to the Orlando Science Center
Gail Fein
Departments
Editorial
News/Letters
Member News
Office Practice Aids
Legal Notes
Cover, The Hibiscus House, in Miami, was designed by Andres Duany and
Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, Architects, Photo by Steven Brooke.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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BACKUP SECURITY DEVICE
This device, attached to the inside of the stile,
Shas been tested to withstand forced entry of
400 pounds. Yet, the foot-operated, spring-
loaded device is easily released from the in-
side. When the cold-rolled, plated steel bolt is
engaged into the track grommet (in conjunc-
Stion with top lift restraint), the door is prevent-
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TANDEM STEEL ROLLERS
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SMaximum height of track is 9/16 Basic double
track is supplied with single or double add-on
pieces to make an infinite number of runners.
Low-sloping thresholds are available for the
interior and exterior side of the door for on-
floor installation. Track can be installed into
floor recess for flush floor installation.
PANEL ADJUSTMENT
Tandem roller assemblies are easily adjusted
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EDITORIAL
FLORIDA ARCHITECT
Florida Association of the
American Institute of Architects
104 East Jefferson Street
Post Office Box 10388
Tallahassee, Florida 32302
Publisher/Executive Vice President
George A. Allen, CAE
Editor
Diane Greer
Assistant Publisher
Director of Advertising
Carolyn Maryland
Design and Production
Creative Services
Editorial Board
Bruce Balk, AIA
Commissioner
Commission on Public Relations
& Communications
Ivan Johnson, AIA, Chairman
Charles King, FAIA
William Graves, AIA
John Totty, AIA
Peter Rumpel, FAIA
Mike Bier, AIA
President
Mark Jaroszewicz, FAIA
University of Florida
College of Architecture
331 Architecture Building
Gainesville, Florida 32611
Vice President/President-elect
James J. Jennewein, AIA
101 S. Franklin St.
Suite 202
Tampa, Florida 33602
Secretary
John Ehrig, AIA
2333 E. Bay Drive
Suite 221
Clearwater, Florida 33546
Treasurer
John Barley, AIA
P. O. Box 4850
Jacksonville, Florida 32201
Past President
James H. Anstis, AIA
233 Southern Boulevard
West Palm Beach, Florida 33405
Regional Directors
Glenn A. Buff, FAIA
4105A Laguna Drive
Miami, Florida 33134
Howard B. Bochiardy, FAIA
Post Office Box 8006
Orlando, Florida 32806
General Counsel
J. Michael Huey, Esquire
Suite 510, Lewis State Bank
Post Office Box 1794
Tallahassee, Florida 32202
Florida Architect, Official Journal of the
Florida Association of the American In-
stitute of Architects, is owned and pub-
lished by the Association, a Florida Cor-
poration not for profit. ISSN-0015-3907.
It is published six times a year at the
Executive Office of the Association, 104
East Jefferson St., Tallahassee, Florida
32302. Telephone (904) 222-7590.
Opinions expressed by contributors are
not necessarily those of the FAIA. Edi-
torial material may be reprinted only
with the express permission of Florida
Architect.
Single copies, $2.00; Annual subscription,
$12.00. Third class postage.
For a few moments each morning, as I drive to my office, I have a perfect view of
the Florida Capitol from the northeast. Seeing that grand building, framed in
pink crepe myrtle, is a joyous experience. I think I know why.
I was in Williamsburg recently .. "Colonial Williamsburg" as it has come to be
known. I hadn't spent any time in CW since my stint as an interpreter in several of
the exhibition buildings. But, the spark of excitement that I always felt upon
arriving in America's colonial capital was relit the moment I walked the Duke of
Gloucester Street. Because I'd worked there, I had the advantage of feeling right at
home and knowing my way around. But, beyond that, a thrill ran through me as I
passed the shops and homes of people who probably weren't very different from
me. I was there on a hot day and the smell of boxwood mixed with the buzzing of in-
sects and the aroma from herb gardens, flocks of sheep and oxen ambling through
the streets made for a very memorable "deja-vu-like" experience. I remember
thinking, "this is the way it was." It was hot and humid in Tidewater Virginia 200
years ago and these are the smells of plants and animals mixing in the sultry heat. I
felt at home and I liked it.
I also felt comfortable with the architecture just as I always had. I felt comfort-
able with it in the same way that I feel comfortable with the Florida Capitol. It is
elegant, but predictable. It is formal, but comfortable. It's what we come from -
it's our architectural heritage. It is balance, symmetry and scale and color that are
easy to live with.
I can't help but wonder if beyond the sense of history that these buildings
evoke be they Georgian or Classical if their main appeal doesn't lie in the fact
that we know what they're all about. No surprises. We don't have to guess what's
beyond the front door. The plans are regular, the rooms of uniform size and the
functions of the rooms predictable. Ornament is subtle, but often regal. Even the
houses of shopkeepers possess the beauty of detail that can only be seen in a simple
dentilled cornice or a handsome wainscot.
I love the Florida Capitol because of its elegance and its attention to detail. I love
its scale and symmetry and I love what it represents. It represents a formality in
architecture of which, we, the people, the users of architecture, never seem to tire.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
2wvc
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NEWSLETTERS
Two Announce
Competitions
The Florida South Chapter of
the AIA, the Barbara Gillman
Gallery and the School of Archi-
tecture at the University of Mi-
ami will sponsor a competition
for the design of the "ideal" (sub)
tropical house.
The purpose of the competi-
tion is to promote the generation
and development of the widest
gamma of architectural solutions
to the problem of the individual
detached house for our sub-tropi-
cal climate and specifically for
our South Florida context.
The competition is open to all
registered architects in Florida
who submit their entry fee of $25
and request for registration to
the Florida South Chapter/AIA
by September 6, 1985. For more
information on the competition,
contact FSC/AIA, 1150 S.W.
22nd Street, #18, Miami, Flor-
ida 33129. Atten: The Ideal Tro-
pical House.
Winning entries will be award-
ed $1,000 for first place, $500 for
second and $250 for third.
The 1985 Wood Design Award
Program is being sponsored by
the American Wood Council.
Deadline for submissions is Octo-
ber 15, 1985, and information
and entry materials may be
obtained by writing to the Amer-
ican Wood Council, 1619 Massa-
chusetts Avenue, N.W., Wash-
ington, D.C. 20036.
Fantasy of Florida:
Dreams Expressed
Through
Architecture
Fantasy of Florida: Dreams
E.''press.te in Architecture is
a five-part series produced by
WEDU Channel 3 and Atlantic
Productions. It chronicles the
development of the myths, leg-
ends, and images of Florida.
From Ponce de Leon's quest for
the Fountain of Youth to mod-
ern claims of the state as the
Garden of Eden, a parade of ad-
venturers, eccentrics and entre-
preneurs erected exotic monu-
ments to themselves and their
dreams. These programs explore
the monuments, their meaning
and their value to Floridians to-
day. Check your local listings to
see when Fantasy of Florida:
Dreams Expressed in Architec-
ture airs in your community.
Executive Producer Linda
Bassett was interested in stir-
ring a sense of pride among Flor-
idians about their state. "We
really do have this idea that our
history is probably as old as the
latest condominium on the block,
or as exciting as the newest con-
venience store on the strip," she
says. "Yet St. Augustine, the old-
est city in America as well as
Cape Canaveral, the launching
pad of our future in space are
both in our state. We should be
proud of our legacy. My hope is
that planners, developers and
people who live here will begin
to realize that Florida is a
place the American tro
and I wish that people
continue to build in waJ
speak to those special q
of Florida.
The series blends archi
contemporary film, photog
and music to create the
sphere of Florida's heri
dream builders. Building
explored within the con
their creators and the ti
which they were built.
vide a deeper understand
the architecture and its
chance, interviews with
cal, architectural and pre
tion experts are tied in wi
ments from designers, b
and owners offantasy stru
Fantasy of Florida wa
possible by grants from
Endowment for the Hum
Florida Public Broadi
Service, Inc., Graham F
tion, Saunders Founda
Tampa, Wedding and
ates, Architects, Inc. a
Koger Foundation.
special
pics -
would
Member News
ys that our University of Miami archi-
lalities tecture students have won
major design awards in national
val and competitions. Daisy Sanchez and
raphy, Raimundo Fernandez won a first
atmo- place award for their design of
stage of an art museum from the Archi-
Igs are tecture Student Chapter of the
text of AIA San Francisco Civic Center
mes in Student Design Competition. In
To pro- addition to splitting the $4,000
ding of prize money, the two also re-
signifi- ceived $1,000 to fly to San Fran-
histori- cisco for the AIA Annual Meet-
eserva- ing. Two third year students,
th com- Suria Yaffar and Juan Caruncho
builders won a second place award and an
ctures. honorable mention respectively,
Ls made in two other competitions. m
Florida FA/AIA President-elect James
anities, J. Jennewein and James A. Schem-
casting mer, president of The Schemmer
ounda- Associates, Inc., have announced
tion of the formation of a new corpora-
Associ- tion, Jennewein Schemmer & As-
Lnd the sociates, Inc. The new architec-
ture, engineering and planning
firm will be located in Tampa. m
Atlas & Associates has been
awarded a contract to design a
private sector jail for Immigra-
tion and Naturalization Services
in Buffalo, New York. In addi-
tion, firm principal Dr. Randy
Atlas has been chosen to be a
speaker for two sessions at the
American Correctional Associa-
Stion Conference held in New
York in August. a
-- The Annual Service Award for
outstanding dedication, integrity
ii and service to the Florida South
SChapter Designers of the ASID
was given to Design West and its
principals, Jamie and Michelle
Hiss and Ned Hickson. Chris
SMiles, Director of Leisure Rec-
reation Planning and Design Di-
vision and a Vice President of
HHCP/Architects in Maitland,
has been awarded the contract to
Design the new home for Shake-
speare's in Orlando. The new
S medieval manor dinner theatre
S should be ready in December
1985. Oliver & Glidden Archi-
tects Inc. has designed a land-
scape-oriented business complex
Continued on page 16
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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ARCHITECTURAL
PHOTOGRAPHY
FA Award-1985
ERIC OXENDORF
represented by
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813-848-8931
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
Do You Have a Disability That's Stopping
You From Being Employed
Florida has a wide range of programs that provide vocational
rehabilitation services for peo pie with disabilities.
People with a variety of vocationally handicapping condi-
tions may be eligible for rehabilitation services
which could lead to competitive employment.
I Employment Means Independence
.: Find Out More Write:
The Governor's Commission on Advocacy
for Persons with Disabilities
Office of the Governor The Capitol
A public service of this publication Tallahassee, FL 32301
B:'9;dk It -41 1:6
"B:-P-d-r-I-44 "j-
The Bus Stops Here
By Ken Walton
C.K. Steele Plaza
Taltran Bus Transfer
Facility, Tallahassee
Architect: Jim Roberson &
Associates Architects, Inc.,
Tallahassee
Civil Engineer: Barr Dunlop
& Associates,'Inc.,
Tallahassee
Mechanical/Electrical: Hines
Hartman & Associates, Inc.,
Tallahassee
Structural: Charles Mitchell,
Miami
Tallahassee's new Taltran Bus
Transfer Facility is no ordi-
nary bus terminal. Officially
named the C.K. Steele Plaza in
honor of a prominent black lead-
er, the terminal occupies an
entire city block in downtown
Tallahassee. Barely out of the
shadow oft he State's monolithic
Capitol. the terminal needed
to make a statement about the
city's progressiveness and its
commitment to mass transit.
When the terminal project be-
gan, it presented a number of
challenges to the 11-year-old ar-
chitectural firm. First, the site
is across the st reet from a church
and a day-care center, both of
which objected to the idea of a
noisy, dirty bus station as a
neighbor. In addition, the city's
transit system required that the
facility be designed to accom-
modate t went 40- foot buses
simultaneously on a relatively
small site and to preserve sev-
eral large oak trees. The Talla-
hassee Police Department was
concerned about security and
was invited to review the design
with the architects.
Three design concepts were
developed and presented to the
community for input through
public hearings.
The result was a modern facil-
ity in an urban sett ing with park
benches and extensive land-
Security as a design determi-
nant was addressed by providing
good lighting, an active security
system and an opportunity for
police patrols to see through the
plaza from their cars.
No matter which side the build-
ing is viewed from. t his is no ordi-
nary bus station.
Ken Walton is a public rtelionms
co'nlltflrn in,. Tall/thssee.
scaping. Noise abatement mea-
sures consisted of scooping out
the sloping site and leveling it
for bus movement, thereby cre-
ating a 16-foot retaining wall
and a landscaped berm on the
side facing the church and day-
care center. The large berm and
wall reflect t he noise back to the
source.
The high retaining wall pro-
vided an additional opportunity
to improve the site's appeal from
both the street and the plaza. A
fountain was placed on the street
adjacent to a residential neigh-
borhood and water falls sixteen
feet into a pool on the plaza side.
These enhancements provide ad-
ditional aesthetics for the neigh-
bors and the waterfall softens
the noise within the plaza.
The $2.4 million facility was
designed to accommodate twenty
buses and -100 passengers in two
triangular pavilions. Each pavil-
ion is extensively landscaped
and has a 2.)000-square-foot sky-
light for natural light. A com-
puterized signage system with
voice synthesizer keeps passen-
gers advised of routes, sched-
ules, boarding positions and
arrival and departure times.
Additionally, plaza facilities in-
clude information, ticketing,
restrooms and concessions, ad-
ministrative offices, drivers
lounge and maintenance areas.
FLURIDA ARCHITECT Seplember!Oclober 1985
Opposite page. main ticket area
and administration officesfor the
T( ll,/l If' Jiil,l i re located in the
center of the complex. Below, center,
the two buildings composing the fa-
cility re i,1joi,rid by a spanning ele-
ment which transverses the central
plaza. The giant louvered vents are
decorative. Left, the exterior of the
Pliaz fromthin I Wh.llir'e.stl, rner
clearly .shoe.s IIi r, i p/a ipt'.l" t I, r-
minal buildings. Below, top, view
of one of the pavilions from the South
showing one of two 2,000ft. sky-
IlhygI Irii' I, tip Ih,' buildings.
Right, the fountain on the south
side of the Plaza which acts as both
a visual and noise buffer. Photos by
Bob Martin.
i.;., -. ,.
- .
FLORIDA ARCHITECT SeptemberIOclober 195
t St.4-
Continued from page 8
for Gardens Plaza in Palm Beach
Gardens. The development in-
cludes two nine-story towers
which feature glass curtain wall.
Gerken & Upham, Architect,
Inc. has added Dana M. Smith,
AIA, to the firm. The firm will
now be known as Gerken, Up-
ham, Smith, Architects and Con-
sultants, Inc. Smith is a 1976 grad-
uate of the University of Florida
and will receive his Master of Ar-
chitecture fromUF this sum-
mer. Strategic Planning Group
(SPG) has been selected by the
Northeast Florida Regional Plan-
ning Council to assist in the anal-
ysis of potential impacts result-
ing from large scale develop-
ments. SPG has just opened its
new Southeast Regional Offices
in Barnett Plaza Southpoint in
Jacksonville. Alyo International
Architects in Miami has been in-
vited to prepare a masterplan to
expand the existing 50-bed Inter-
national Hospital of Bahrain. Ar-
chitect Al Ramphal, AIA, will
head up the initial consulting visit
to Bahrain. U Slattery and Root
Architects in Boca Raton has
moved into new corporate head-
quarters at 2101 N.W. Second
Avenue in Boca. The firm is uti-
lizing 2,200 s.f. of the building
which they designed. Post,
Buckley, Schuh & Jernigan is
now the 46th largest engineering,
planning and architecture firm in
the US according to Engineering
News Record magazine's listing
of the Top 500 Design Firms. 0
Schwab & Twitty Architectural In-
teriors and Environmental Graph-
ics has been retained to design the
corporate offices for Holyfield &
Company, CPA's in West Palm
Beach.
Robert M. Swedroe Architect-
Planners has been selected as the
firm for Costain of Florida's new
estate/patio home residential
community on Boca Pointe known
as Valencia. Design is nearing
completion at Studio One, Archi-
tecture, Planning and Landscape
Architecture of Winter Park, on
30,000 s.f. of commercial space
for Gale Enterprises. m Plans
have been completed for a seven-
story office complex, Bayview
Bayview Executive Plaza in Coconut Grove by Baldwin Sackman + Associ
Executive Plaza, to be located in
Coconut Grove. Construction has
begun on the project according
to Don Sackman, AIA, with Bald-
win Sackman + Associates, Archi-
tects. In addition to the design of
the building, Baldwin Sackman
will be responsible for the major-
ity of the interior space planning
and public space design. The
Evans Group has moved its South
Florida base of operations to
Coral Gables Corporate Plaza to
accommodate an expanded staff.
The Smith Architectural Group,
Inc. has changed its name to
Smith-Lunz Group, Inc., Archi-
tects. Principals are Warren H.
Smith, AIA, and Edward G. Lunz,
AIA. Urban Design Studio in
West Palm Beach has completed
a comprehensive land planning
and landscape design plan for
Breakers West, a 631-acre resi-
dential community in West Palm
Beach. E Warren Emo, AIA, has
been named to the Board of Di-
rectors of Barrett Daffin and
Carlan, Inc., an architecture,
engineering and planning firm
with corporate offices in Talla-
hassee, Pensacola and Mobile,
Alabama. Fugleberg Koch Ar-
chitects, Orlando, Melbourne
and Dallas, and Devcon Devel-
opment Consultants, Ltd. of
Lagos, Nigeria, have formed a
joint-venture consortium known
as FKA/DDCL. The consortium
has been established for the pur-
pose of providing architectural
design, planning and develop-
ment services to clients in Africa,
the Middle East and the Carib-
bean. Peacock & Lewis Archi-
tects and Planners, Inc. has been
commissioned to design Indian
Trails, a residential community
in Indian River Shores. A new
branch of Flagler National Bank,
also designed by Peacock &
Lewis, is complete and open for
business in Boca Raton. Slat-
tery and Root will design new
facilities for Harder Hall Golf
and Tennis Resort in Sebring.
The firm will do master site plan-
ning and initial designs for a new
convention center that is part of
a 40,000 s.f. multi-use facility on
four acres of land. They will also
design a 30,000 s.f. spa/hotel
with thirty rooms for Harder
Hall.
Two national magazines ranked
Gresham, Smith and Partners,
an Architctural/Engineering/
Planning firm, high on their
rates Architects.
list of outstanding companies.
Gresham, Smith was ranked
fourth by Modern Healthcare
magazine and 25th in Interior
Design magazine's "100 Interior
Design Giants." m The Tallahas-
see-based architecture, planning
and interior design firm of Graf
Nichols Elliott, P.A. has changed
its name to Graf Elliott Marshall,
P.A. The change reflects the
withdrawal from the firm of for-
mer partner Bob Nichols who is
forming an independent struc-
tural engineering firm. uCharlan
Brock & Associates has been
asked to design a multi-family
prototype product for universal
application within Fairfield Com-
munities' rapidly growing resort
division. Fairfield is a national
resort land development com-
pany. N
James P. O'Shaughnessy, for-
merly an interior associate of
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill in
New York, has joined the Richard
Plumer Design firm in Miami. A
registered architect, O'Shaugh-
nessy will design projects for
Plumer's Architecture and Com-
mercial Design divisions. EHCCP
in Maitland has appointed seven
new associates, including Alex-
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
ander W. Stone, Ronald I. Manco,
Henry R. Wold, David J. Skufza,
Richard W. Cherry, John D. Mal-
linson and Janice N. Roberson. In
addition, HCCP has named five
new Vice Presidents, Thomas E.
Peacock, David G. Cameron,
Christopher L. Miles, John W.
Anderson and Laura M. Bailey. m
The Haskell Company has com-
pleted an oceanfront condomin-
ium for the Dunes Club Com-
pany. Turtle Dunes is a seven-
story building with 58 condos
located adjacent to the Amelia
Island Plantation. n
Roberto A. Smith, AIA, has
been ,promoted to Associate
Architect with Maspons Goi-
couria Estevez in Coral Gables.
Smith received his architecture
degree from the University of
Miami. m Shoup/McKinley Archi-
tects and Planners, Inc. of Boca
Raton has been commissioned to
design a prototype upscale, fast-
food bar and grill. The restau-
rant will be known as Flamingos
Bar and Grill and it will be con-
structed on several sites in Palm
Beach County. a Studio One in
Winter Park is the recipient of a
1985 Golden Brick Award from
Downtown Orlando, Inc. for the
reconstruction/renovation of 18
Wall Street. a Edward D. Stone,
Jr., and Associates has been rec-
ognized by theAmerican Society
of Landscape Architects with a
Merit Award for the Mayport,
Florida Naval Air Station Base
Exterior Architectural Plan. *
Bell Associates, P.A. Architects
and Planners, has announced the
addition of Robert J. Aude, AIA,
as an Associate. Aude will serve
as Project Manager and Director
of Design, heading up the firm's
Design Department. The offi-
cers of KSD Architectural Asso-
ciates, Inc. recently named three
new associates: James R. Dow-
ling, Margaret S. Espy and Robert
E. Johnson. Roy Ricks, formerly
with the firm, recently resigned
to make his residence in Avon,
Colorado. N Bob Webb has left
the University of Central Flor-
ida to join the Architects Design
Group of Florida, Inc. in Winter
Park, as Project Architect. Ser-
gio Baca has also joined ADG
after twelve years of experience
in both Mexico and the U.S. m
Currie Stubbins Schneider AIA,
a Delray Beach-based firm has
recently completed the plans for
new additions and renovations
for the O.C. Taylor Chrysler
dealership in Delray Beach. 0
Dale Siska has been named man-
ager of business development
for Post, Buckley, Schuh & Jer-
nigan's Central/North Florida
District.
Forms & Surfaces, Inc. of Mi-
ami has won the regional Spec-
trum'85 Commercial Renovation
award sponsored by the Ceramic
Tile Distributors of America
(CTDA). The winning entry was
the Dadeland Mall Renovation
project featuring over 250,000
individual tiles, custom colored
and sized for intricate modular
interlocking. Winners of the re-
gional awards will vie for the cov-
eted national awards to be an-
nounced at the CTDA's annual
convention held in Dallas, Texas
in October.
Right Place. Right Time.
Right "Bottom Line."
Measure nothing but cost, and Northbridge Centre is competitive.
Measure image, environment and "futures' and Northbridge
Centre is clearly in a class of its own.
Consider:
* Profitable lease equity plan,
allowing major space users to
share in the cash flow
appreciation and tax benefits.
* Charter Tenant advantages,
available for tenants of as
little as 1,000 square feet.
* Free undercover parking.
Add:
* Views of the Atlantic Ocean
and Intracoastal Waterway
* Elegant and informal
restaurants, banking and
shops.
* Swift traffic access.
* On-site owner/management.
Northbridge Centre I: NOW READY FOR OCCUPANCY
The question is-NOT can you afford to, but can you afford NOT to?
NORTHBRIDGE
-CENTRE I-
515 N.:-rrh Flagler Drive, West Palm Beach, Florida
For information, call Harnilr,., & Associates-(305) 686-5793
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
Orlando: The City Disney Built
by "De" Schofield and Lorraine Lax
W ith a twist of the turnstile on
that opening day in 1971, the
first visitor to Walt Disney
World set Florida's major tour-
ism industry into motion. In lit-
tle more than a decade, Orlando
has been transformed from a
sleepy, agricultural village into
a vacation mecca and cosmopoli-
tan center of industrial develop-
ment, commerce, finance, insur-
ance and high-technology.
Thirty years ago there were
less than 20 architectural firms
in the Central Florida area. To-
day, there are over 200. The
number of practicing architects
has escalated on a par with the
tremendous economic and indus-
trial growth that has occurred
since the tourist industry got a
real foothold in the early 70's.
The key to Central Florida's
present economic strength is at-
tributed not only to the millions
of visitors who come each year,
but to the rapid increase in pop-
ulation. In 1984, about 360,000
people moved to Florida ...
81,000 settled in and around
Orlando.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
The proliferation of compa-
nies relocating or expanding in
found effect on the housing in-
dustry. In 1983, there were over
773,000 people living in the tri-
county area of metropolitan Or-
lando. An estimated 22,000 peo-
ple per year are projected to
move to Orlando by 1990, bring-
ing the total population to just
under one million.
According to the East Central
Florida Regional Planning Coun-
cil, the availability of affordable
housing is a big problem for low
and moderate income families.
The housing industry is address-
ing this problem in a variety of
ways including zero lot line de-
velopments, manufactured hous-
ing, condominium conversions
and various multi-family unit
configurations such as duplexes,
triplexes and so on. A resur-
gence of apartment construction
in the last few years should also
help by creating an alternative
to home ownership.
Many of Orlando's recently-
announced residential communi-
ties are massive developments
that deliver affordable housing,
venience of nearby shopping and
office space. Sporting such catch-
ing names as Hunter's Creek,
Lake Nona and Huckleberry,
the developments range in scope
from 1,800 acres to 7,000 acres
and are designed to contain as
many as 9,000 units.
Opposite page, Harcourt, Brace,
Jovanovich Building was designed
by Reynolds, Smith & Hills. Middle,
the duPont Centre, Phase I, is com-
prised of a 425,000 s.f. Class "A"
office building and a 350-room lux-
ury hotel. Designed by Morris/
Aubry of Houston, the completion
date is setfor the mid-1990s. This
page, top, Barnett Plaza showing
the CNA Building. Architectsfor
the Barnett Plaza are Reynolds,
Smith& Hills. Bottom, the Atlantic
Bank Building and Wall Street
Plaza in theforeground. All photos
by Bob Braun.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
Although people over 65 con-
stitute the second largest group
of new arrivals to the State, Flor-
ida is losing some of its original
image as a retirement state. The
largest group of newcomers is
now in the 25 to 44 age bracket
and they are the people most in-
terested in the employment op-
portunities offered by the ever-
present construction of offices,
hotels, warehouses, hospitals
and health facilities and retail
space. Since 1980, over 200 com-
panies have either moved into or
expanded in Central Florida.
These companies have projected
36,880 jobs, spending $1.5 billion
in capital investments and build-
ing 13.37 million square feet of
office complexes, warehouses
and manufacturing plants.
At the beginning of 1985, a
Coldwell Banker survey reported
that the Central Florida area had
nine million square feet of com-
mercial space either planned
or under construction. Several
large-scale projects, such as the
$150 million Sun Bank Center
and the $400 million duPont Cen-
ter, both scheduled to begin con-
struction this year, have placed
most of that space in Orange
County.
Despite the apparent increase
i -. _, .;
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in demand for office space, the
construction of traditional office
space, i.e. small, single office
buildings, is expected to decline.
Retail space is also on the in-
crease, and in metropolitan Or-
lando alone, 850,000 s.f. of shop-
ping center space was built in
1983. Forty new shopping cen-
ters, each with over 50,000 s.f.,
are slated for construction to be-
gin before the end of 1985. The
$200 million Florida Mall is cur-
rently under construction and
the activity it has generated has
already spawned more retail
construction in the same area of
Orlando.
With the opening of Orlando
International Airport in 1981 and
Epcot Center in 1982, a second
wave of unprecedented growth
swept Orlando. Not only did
Epcot boost the tourist and hos-
pitality industries, attracting
22.7 million visitors in 1983, but
it also helped attract national
and international business to the
area. These two projects, added
to the opening of the Orange
County Convention/Civic Cen-
ter in 1983, marked a milestone
for the State's tourist and con-
vention business. Currently
ranked fifth in the world in the
number of available hotel rooms,
the Orlando/Walt Disney World
40.
= -- . ._ .
_+ _, :
$ : .... ,
Huckleberry, top and above, is typical of the many new residential communities coming into the Central Florida area. These massive developments offer
affordable living with desired amenities such as the children's play area seen in the upper photo. Photos by Bob Braun.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
area "is undergoing growth as a
meeting and incentive destina-
tion unequalled by any location
in such a short period of time,"
according to Corporate Meetings
& Incentives, a reputable indus-
try source.
Four world class resorts, the
Hyatt Regency Grand Cypress,
the Wyndham Hotel Sea World,
the Buena Vista Palace and the
Hilton at Walt Disney Village,
have added 3,000 rooms to the
area's total in the last few years
.. an increase of nearly ten
percent. Marriott's soon-to-be-
completed Orlando World Center
will add another 1,500 luxury
rooms in the Disney area. Other
sections of the city, particularly
downtown and Maitland Center,
are also experiencing a hotel
boom. The 344-room Radisson
Orlando and the 265-room Omni
International will be completed
in downtown Orlando in late 1985
and at least two more luxury
facilities are being planned for
construction over the next two
years.
Walt Disney World recently
announced plans for the con-
struction of two luxury conven-
tion hotels, involving the Shera-
ton Corporation and Holiday
Inns' Crowne Plaza Division.
Upon completion of the $265 mil-
lion venture in 1988, the facili-
ties will comprise the largest
convention/hotel complex on the
East Coast of the U.S. The 68-
acre project is the largest to be
constructed on Disney World
property since Epcot and will
offer 2,300 guest rooms and
200,000 s.f. of convention space.
In addition to all of this, work is
progressing on the $35 million
Holiday Inn Crowne Plaza in
Florida Mall, a 500-room facility
scheduled to open in the spring
of 1986.
"De" Schofield and Lorraine
Lax are partners and owners
of D'Lor Communications in
Maitland, Florida.
J,
4-
Y .. .
A,.
Z_ 4.(~d -.
It. 2 Ak:-~~*~xat
4 jtifj-
New world-class resorts have added 3,000 rooms to the Orlando area's total in recent years. Among these are
the Radisson Hotel, top, the Wyndham Hotel Sea World, above left, and the Buena Vista Hilton, above right.
Photos by Bob Braun.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
i~T
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OFFICE PRACTICE AIDS
Storm Power Scale Designed By Miamians
By Jeanne Bellamy
The Richter Scale is to earthquakes as the Saffir-Simpson Scale
is to hurricanes.
People have been understanding the magnitude of earthquakes
for nearly half a century since Prof. Charles F. Richter published
his scale in 1935. The power of hurricanes stayed nameless until a
Miami engineer devised the Saffir-Simpson Scale in 1978.
In that year, Herbert S. Saffir wrote a report for the United
Nations on low-cost construction to resist high winds. While
studying hurricanes all over the world for the project, he devised
a tabulation to explain the destructive strength of these tropical
cyclones. The full text spells out the kind of wreckage to be ex-
pected at each level of wind speed.
For instance, a Grade One storm is "nominal," with winds only
74 to 95 miles an hour. The worst kind, Grade Five, would be
"catastrophic," like the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 which
knocked over a railway train in the Florida Keys and drowned
400 persons with a storm surge that roared over the low islands
11 to 18 feet higher than the normal level of the sea.
The narrative part of the Saffir-Simpson Scale gives this
frightening description of a Grade Five storm: "Winds greater
than 155 miles per hour. Shrubs and trees blown down; consider-
able damage to roofs of buildings; all signs down. Very severe
and extensive damage to windows and doors. Complete failure
of roofs on many residences and industrial buildings. Extensive
shattering of glass in windows and doors. Some complete build-
ing failures. Small buildings overturned or blown away. Com-
plete destruction of mobile homes. And/or: storm surge greater
than 18 feet above normal. Major damage to lower floors of all
structures less than 15 feet above sea level within 500 yards of
shore. Low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising water 3 to 5
hours before hurricane center arrives. Massive evacuation of
residential areas on low ground within 3 to 10 miles of shore
possibly required."
Saffir gave the scale to the Hurricane Center in Miami for the
use of its forecasters. The director of the center, Robert Simpson,
added the estimates of the height of storm surges, so the table
has been known since then as the Saffir-Simpson Scale.
Saffir, the head of Herbert Saffir Consulting Engineers in
Coral Gables, has studied and reported on hurricane damage to
structures in many parts of the world for 30 years. He is the au-
thor of the South Florida Building Code's section on wind load
requirements. His work made this code the first in the land to
set design standards based on sound engineering principles.
Few laymen know that wind gets stronger with height. A three-
story building would feel a 120-mile-an-hour wind at that speed.
The same wind would strike the top of a 30-story skyscraper at
167 miles an hour, according to a widely used engineering for-
mula. On this basis, Saffir recently calculated exactly how strong
buildings must be at various heights to survive hurricanes. Using
these figures, the South Florida Building Code will let one-story
buildings be a little weaker than those 30 feet or more in height;
thus saving construction costs.
The 120-mile-an-hour wind is Grade Three on the scale one
likely to cause extensive damage once in 50 years. Saffir explains
that building for total resistance to hurricanes would be very ex-
pensive and not practical.
Saffir's report on a tornado that battered parts of Fort Lauder-
dale on May 24, 1979, was printed for the convention of the
American Society of Civil Engineers at Miami Beach in 1980.
He found that the tornado's wind speeds at touchdown were
those of a Grade Five hurricane, at least 155 miles an hour. He
concluded that the destruction he saw was "the type of damage
that would ensue under hurricane conditions even with a strong
hurricane-resistant code."
The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale
Category Description
1 Minimal
2 Moderate
3 Extensive
4 Extreme
5 Catastrophic
Mean wind
speeds (mph)
74-95
96-110
111-130
131-155
Storm surge North Atlantic &
(ft.) Gulf examples
4-5- Agnes
6-8 Cleo
9-12
13-18
Betsy
David
Greater than 155 Greater than 18 Camille
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
1985 FA/AIA AWARDS
FOR EXCELLENCE
IN ARCHITECTURE
The 1985 Awards for Excel-
lence in Architecture brought
together a prestigious jury to
view one hundred and forty-five
projects submitted by AIA
members in Florida and the Car-
ibbean. This year, there were
twelve winning projects.
The consensus of the jury was
that the overall quality of the
submitted designs was not as
high as it should have been. Crit-
icism of the projects ran high
and stemmed from specific com-
ments relating to a lack of care
in the submissions to a general
concern that the architects in
the region are not looking to the
sources of design for their inspi-
ration. One juror felt they should
be looking to the cultural and in-
digenous as inspiration for their
designs.
Juror Kevin Roche summed
up the jury comments, "Florida
has a specific environment. You
don't get any sense [from the
projects submitted] that there is
any original thinking indigenous
to Florida."
The Jury
Cesar Pelli was born in Tucu-
man, Argentina, where he
earned a Diploma of Architect
from the Universidad Nacional.
He came to the United States to
attend the University of Illinois,
where he earned a Master of
Science in Architecture. For the
next ten years, he worked in the
offices of Eero Saarinen and
Associates.
In January, 1977, Pelli as-
sumed the duties of Dean at the
Yale School of Architecture,
and he opened his own architec-
tural office, Cesar Pelli & Asso-
ciates, in New Haven, Connecti-
cut. In 1985, he resigned from
Yale to attend his architectural
practice on a full-time basis, al-
though he remains a member of
the faculty of the School.
Cesar Pelli is a Fellow of the
American Institute of Archi-
tects, a member of the American
Academy and Institute of Arts
and Letters, a Trustee of the
Institute of Architecture and
Urban Studies, New York, and
a Board Member of the National
Building Museum in Washington,
D.C. His work has been written
about and exhibited all over the
world.
Kevin Roche was born in Dub-
lin, Ireland in 1922. He re-
ceived his Bachelor of Architec-
ture degree at the National Uni-
versity of Ireland and came to
the United States in 1948. In
1950, he joined the firm of Eero
Saarinen and Associates. Roche
served as Saarinen's principal
associate in design from 1954 un-
til Saarinen's death in 1961. At
that time he formed a partner-
ship with John Dinkeloo to con-
tinue Saarinen's practice and to
complete the ten major projects
underway at that time.
Kevin Roche has been the re-
cipient of many honors and
awards including the Academie
d'Architectufe 1977 Grand Gold
Medal and the Pritzker Archi-
tecture Prize in 1982. He is reg-
istered to practice architecture
in 17 states and is a member of
the National Council of Architec-
tural Registration Boards.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
2424 South Dixie Highway Office Building Coconut Grove, Florida
Architecture for the Fast Lane
The speed at which drivers .V ;.;
pass this building which is sited .
on a wedge-shaped lot on busy -t
U.S. 1, was a determining factor
in the architect's decision to
streamline the facade. By visu-
ally "striping" the long eleva-
tion, the designers reinforced
the low, horizontal lines of the ,
building. The "striping" consists
of stucco bands and ribbon win-
dows alternating and organized
on a three-foot module.
The shape of the site sug-
gested the rounded glass block
ending to the "point" in this trop-
ical Flatiron building. Behind it I -
sits a conference room. By using r r 4
the core of the building for ser- ni
vice and storage, the architects E am 4.
could give most offices window AI r ma"
walls. Glass sliding doors allow .... -itiw
natural light into the internal qn '.-
circulation. -M o W- W .I
"This project is most success- ,
ful in aesthetic resolution and N, V
control. A very good piece of ar-
chitecture with a difficult site _
and minimum program. It was
designed with a high level of
sophistication." Cesar Pelli
Architect
Mateu Associates
Consulting Engineer
M.A. Suarez and Associates,
Inc.
Owner
Marcus, Dixon & Friedman
General Contractor _,
2424 Building, Inc.
Edward J. Gerrits, .
Construction Manager
I-,i
Photos by Kathlynn A. Hill
9A FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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334. 7&.3. N t~t '~ '
A Restoration Sensitive to Detail
Located on the southern edge
of downtown Tampa near turn-
of-the-century warehouses, this
two story corner building housed
wholesale establishments and a
saloon on the main level and of-
fices on the second floor in 1900.
The main entry space from
Franklin Street was enlarged,
recessed and made two stories
high with a new glass enclosed
elevator connecting to a second
level gallery. Its 12,000 square
feet now converted to modern
office and retail space, the struc-
ture contains a law firm, insur-
ance company, architect's office
and printing facility.
Particular attention was given
to tying the renovation work in
with the appearance of its adja-
cent brick neighbors. Lighting,
finishes, textures and colors
were recognized and coordi-
nated. Sidewalks were extended
and matching trees and planters
were installed to treat this exist-
ing area as a whole.
"The genius of this very fine
restoration was making the de-
cision to strip away the stucco
and expose the original brick."
Mildred Schmertz
Architect
John Howey Associates
Consulting Engineer
Rast Associates
Landscaper
John Howey, AIA
Owner
John Howey/Peter Farago/
Dorothy Howey
General Contractor
Ostie Miller and Norbert Fuller
- -L~
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CROSS SECTION
Photos by George Cott
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
Tampa, Florida
Tampa, Florida
101 S. Franklin Street
2~-jut.;
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Audubon Park
i- tj- 4- 4i'
Contemporary Housing With Traditional Values
This small development of
seven houses is situated on two
acres near downtown Tampa. A
barrier wall provides privacy
and an entrance. The traditional
values of the neighborhood are
reflected in this contemporary
housing. House facades use a
classical tripartite division of
base, frame and head, but the '. *
familiar ingredients of the clas- + -
sical architectural language are -
used with a twist.
"Residential groupings on a -, .j
street, especially around a cul :::; -
de sac, have a rich American
tradition, but haven't been done
well in recent times. It could
make a very decent neighbor-
hood." Cesar Pelli
Architect
The Jan Abell Kenneth Garcia
Partnership
Owner
Five Apples Limited
Landscaper
BHR Planning Group
General Contractor
R. Hamilton & Son, Inc.
Photo by Walter Smalling, Jr.
S'
* .*-
4 44
Tampa, Florida
Turabo Park
A Recreational Retreat in the Puerto Rican Hills
A recreational park on three
hundred acres of mountainous
terrain required the design of an
initial facility to serve as gateway
to the park and house administra-
tion and security facilities. Bath-
rooms and the lower terminal of a
chairlift to the mountain top were
also in the entrance facility. An
amphitheatre completed the pro-
gram requirements. All of these
facilities were grouped in a build-
ing terraced around a fountain-
pond. The terraces establish the
access from parking facilities as
well as an egress to the children's
play areas, equestrian, camping
and picnic facilities. Over the
entrance building the chairlift
structure serves as the focal
point of the design.
"The most handsome and crea-
tive of the public facilities we've
seen. It gives the public space a
dignity and monumentality."
Cesar Pelli
Architect
Luis Flores
Torres Marvel Flores Y
Asociados
Consulting Engineers
Structural Jose Morla
Electrical Ricardo Rodriguez
Owner
Municipality of Caguas
Caguas, Puerto Rico
MOUNTAIN CHAIRLIFT TERMINAL
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Cau2as. Puerto Rico
Giambelli's Pastificio Lake Park, Florida
The Gourmet Restoration of a Fast Food Restaurant
The client program called for
the renovation of a fast food
chicken outlet into a gourmet
Italian restaurant and pasta
"boutique" involving an 1,100
square foot addition to the exist-
ing building. Conceptually the
building evolved using solid geo-
metrical elements with histori-
cal and contextual references
within a modern framework.
Because a major intersection
was one block away, a secondary
facade was pulled from the build-
ing to provide a "sign" as well as
set up the pattern for spacial or-
ganization. This created a plea-
sant entry sequence through the
garden space and into the build-
ing itself.
"Here the architect has man-
aged to overcome the limitations
of a pre-existing building to cre-
ate a pleasant structure that
was handled with skill and
care." Cesar Pelli
Architect
Yeckes-Luchner Architects,
P.A.
Owner
Alessandro Giambelli
Contractor
Seaspray Construction Co.
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m:an matL-arrjrggg
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School of Architecture, Florida A&M University
A Hands-on Laboratory for Architecture Students
This new School of Architec-
ture is a 3-story steel frame uti-
lizing simple industrial compo-
nents. Floors are concrete over
a steel deck. The brick, one-
story east facade relates to the
adjacent residential neighbor-
hood. Four south-facing wings
incorporate a continuous thermal
chimney wall. The adjacent
spaces are cooled by inducing
ventilation through solar up-
drafts. In winter, heat is cap-
tured inside the chimney and re-
circulated on the interior. The
system combines solar and wind
in a synergistic system to pro-
vide the maximum air move-
ment with a minimum of electri-
cal power and controls.
The building occupies a slop-
ing site on the edge of the cam-
pus and major circulation is
open, but covered.
"Very sophisticated forms
and shapes. I like the way the
architect has providedfor the
students." Kevin Roche
Architect
Clements/Rumpel/Goodwin,
Asso., Inc.
Consulting Engineers
Structural, HVAC, Electrical -
Tilden, Lobnitz, Cooper, Inc.
Passive Dubin/Bloom Asso.
Civil-- Richard P. Clarson
& Asso.
Landscaper
Nancy Jenkins
Owner
Board of Regents
General Contractor
W/CRS
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Photos by Steven Brooke
Photos by Steven Brooke
September/October 1985
Tallahassee, Florida
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Sabal Center Longwood, Florida
Color As A Major Design Element
Because of the very limited
budget for this speculative office
building, the goal of the design
team was to create a dynamic,
attractive structure without re-
sorting to unusual building
shapes which would have re-
sulted in construction costs and
rental rates that were higher
than marketing demands. The
resulting shape is a simple rec-
tangle, the proportions of which
are dictated by optimum lease
space depths and an efficiency
factor of over 87%.
The building's design is very
two dimensional and because of *
the low budget, color is used as
the major design element. Other
than the color red, used on col-
umns and aluminum half-round
window sills, details are mini- "-
mized, except at the entrance
which is delineated by a white
grid and a red metal ceiling
which extends into the interior.
The gridded storefront is re-
flected on the floor of the en-
trance area which is two stories
in height.
"The simple, straightforward
design has excellent proportion
and feeling of elegance."
Kevin Roche
Architect
The Design Arts Group, Inc.
Landscaper
Foster-Conant & Associates,
Inc.
Owner
The Lando Group
General Contractor
Williams Development Co.
Photos by Eric Oxendorf.
Barnett Residence Leon County, Florida
Vintage Elements in a Contemporary Dwelling
The passive systems and mild
climate during much of the year
allows the house to use minimal
mechanical assistance. The pro-
gram was for an active family
with two young children who
frequently entertain large
groups. The major spaces had to
accommodate 15-75 people, yet
have the intimacy for family
groupings or individual privacy.
The family loves the outdoors
and wanted to experience chang- I
ing seasons from all the major'
rooms of the house. "
The concept was to use the
sloping site and a compact form '
to minimize the site presence.
There was also a desire to use
the building knowledge unique 4
to North Florida's architectural
past, combined with contem-
porary construction techniques
to produce an energy efficient,
minimal maintenance home.
The form generator was the six
major living areas which were
approximately equal in size. The
form was a square which pin-
wheels on a central core allow-
ing the upper levels to stack
over the lower levels. By enter-
ing at the midpoint between the
adult and children's areas and
rotating up to the adult living
spaces or down to the children's
spaces, all the areas were af-
forded view of the lake and
woods.
"This house picks up tradi-
tionalformsfrom the North
and transplants them to South-
ernbforms. Because of careful
planning; a pleasant living
space has been created."
Kevin Roche
Architect
Rowe Holmes Barnett
Architects, Inc.
Owner
Rick and Martha Barnett
General Contractor
Ajax Construction Company
of Tallahassee
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
AWARDS
Hibiscus House
Miami, Florida
European Modernism in a Miami Residence
The house recalls that period
when Miami's classically trained
architects first encountered
European Modernism. In the
style which developed, tradi-
tional compositional devices were
freed from ornament and appear
with unusual clarity.
This design consists of three
separate buildings in juxtaposi-
tion: a loggia to the street, a cere-
monial living room in the middle,
and a block of utilitarian rooms in
back. Each of these has its own
particular and appropriate sys-
tems of openings. The three
buildings have a slipped relation-
ship in response to the site, while
sharing several important inter-
nal axis.
"A handsomely designed
house. One of its charms is its
richness in a very compact pack-
age. It's a very intelligent
design." Cesar Pelli
Architect
Andres Duany & Elizabeth
Plater-Zyberk, Architects
Rafael Sixto, Assistant
Consulting Engineer
Juan Vazquez
Owner
Hugo Zamorano
General Contractor
Gamma Construction Co.
51r
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FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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Westinghouse Electric Corporation Orlando, Florida
World Headquarters for Steam Turbine-Generator Division
An Efficient, Flexible Office on a Central Florida Lake
This 257,500 s.f. facility con-
tains 898 work stations for per-
sonnel in technical research,
marketing and management. Lo-
cated on a rural site ten miles
east of Orlando, the building
takes maximum advantage of its
Central Florida location. The
building's configuration is re-
cessed into a gentle hillside that
slopes to a lake. The two-story
entry lobby opens onto a day-
lighted atrium that spatially in-
terconnects the four story cen-
tral mass. The building steps .I -
down to the north and south, re-
flecting the hierarchical organi-
zation of the company.
"The building is well thought
out, well detailed and well
sited." Kevin Roche
Architect
William Morgan Architects, P.A.
Consulting Engineers
Structural Tilden, Lobnitz &
Cooper, Inc.
Mechanical/Electrical- Roy
Turknett Engineers, P.A.
Interior Designer -- -----..."-
Interspace, Inc. r~i-
Lighting Designer r /
William Lam Associates, Inc.. - ~.
Acoustician
Jaffe Acoustics, Inc. '\
Landscaper n q ,
Herbert/Halback, Inc. e ,
Owner ' t
Westinghouse Electric
Corporation
General Contractor
Scandia, Inc.
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cr~i73
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985 35
-;-
--'--
---I r .--. ::
Restoration of H. B. Williams Residence
Sarasota County, Florida
The Sensitive Restoration of a Fine Indigenous Building
This project involved the res-
toration of a doctor's office and
residence to be used as an archi-
tect's office and residence. The
building had clay tile masonry
bearing walls and roof with Port- '
land cement plaster inside and
out. During the restoration, ori-
ginal plaster textures were _i-
matched. Colors were deter- '
mined by scraping down to the :
original finish. 1
"This restoration was done
with great care and sensitivity,
giving new life to the building."
Cesar Pelli
Architect
Philip E. Skirball
Owner
Philip E. Skirball
Contractor
Philip E. Skirball
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
-r~--.l ._- .; .
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-- --- ------
-Y Y.:SC) r S -l_.;
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-AWARD
Housing for the Elderly
Miami, Florida
Safe Housing With A Warm Tropical Flavor
The decision to rotate this
building on its axis away from
the dominant urban street grid
drew its inspiration from vari-
ous sources. Concern for the age
of the users dictated the desir-
ability that all units receive di-
rect sunlight. Conventional ori-
entation would have condemned
all north-facing units to little or
no sunlight.
The perception of the building
in its urban context is molded by
its unique placement on the site.
Volumes are perceived as a se-
quence and juxtaposition of
planes, unencumbered by the
formal conventions of "front,"
"rear" or "side."
In a departure from conven-
tional housing projects, no liv-
ing units are located at grade,
thereby minimizing security
risks. Community spaces, ad-
ministrative and maintenance
functions are all accommodated
on the ground floor, as well as
the main lobby.
As a visual signature, the ex-
terior curved wall of the com-
munity room is clad in a glazed
red tile. In plan, the community
room features a north wall of
sliding glass doors opening to an
outdoor terrace designed to
handle overflow activities.
"This project is a socially im-
portant type of building. The
architect created a good design
,, ./i.,, ti,. t.,,,i, I "' 'e- 1 Pelli
Architect
F & F/Fraga and Feito/
Architects-Planners, Inc.
Jose Feito, AIA,
Principal-in-Charge
PeterJ. Gordo, R.A.,
Project Manager-in-Charge
of Production
Jose A. Rodriguez, AIA,
Project Architect-in-Charge
of Design
Jorge L. Bouza and Salavador
Subira, Technical Staff
Consulting Engineer
Professional Associated
Consulting Engineers, Inc.
Antonio Novo, Jr., PE -
Partner-in-Charge
Plinio Villanueva -
Civil Engineer
Eugenio Santiago, PE -
Structural Engineer
Eduardo Blanco Plumbing &
Fire Protection Engineer
Leonel Del Valle -
Mechanical & HVAC
Luis Soro, P.E. Electrical
Engineer
Landscaper
Llerena & Associates, Inc.
Laura Llerena, ASLA
Owner
Metropolitan Dade County
Housing & Urban Development
General Contractor:
Emmer Development Corp.
--'-C- ~ ~-4.'1; --~- -. - -- -- -- -
Getting
Tangled Up In
The Rehabilitation
Process?
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N Program Can Help!
Your rehabilitation needs are as individual
as you a If you are having a problem, first
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WRITE-
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iil n 'ni i,,',i r lh l I 4'ii, .t _,
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AUTHORIZED
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FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
WHEN QUALITY MATTERS MOST
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Sb ings offer a wide range of colors and
textures. Architects are afforded a
S... creative freedom and builders have
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nence. For the strongest, most dur-
able, permanent and highest quality
exterior and interior wall surfaces,
pool coatings and pool decks, you
can't specify better than Permacrete.
Call or write now for our new
4-color brochure and fact-filled
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AND BEST OF ALL, PERMACRETE COSTS NO MORE
THAN ORDINARY CEMENTITIOUS COATINGS.
INTERNATIONAL CAMPUS
PLAN COMPETITION. The
University of Miami, the largest
independent university in the
southeast, announces a Compe-
tition for the comprehensive
conceptual plan for its Coral Ga-
bles Campus of over 250 acres.
The Competition is open to en-
vironmental designers in archi-
tecture, landscape architecture
or planning who are college or
university graduates, and whose
Competition Registration has
been received by the Professional
Adviser by October 15, 1985.
5 Grand Prizes of $5,000 each,
and 10 Honorable Mentions of
$1,000 each, will be awarded by
a multi-disciplinary Jury of out-
standing environmental design
experts; and all entries will be
exhibited and published by the
University. Florida licensed en-
trants will be actively considered
for the design of projects under
an annual budget of over $15
million. For details and Compe-
tition Registration information
please write: Professor Ralph
Warburton, AIA, AICP, P.E.,
Hon. ASLA; Professional Ad-
viser; Campus Plan Competi-
tion; University of Miami; Coral
Gables, FL 33124-9178.
P IA Specializing in Professional Liability Insurance
Professional Insurance Associates
of the Southeast
216 Powers Ferry Rd., S.E. / P.O. Box 1513 / Marietta, Georgia 30061
'Our Clients Save From 20% to 40% on Their Insurance Costs."
Serving Florida and Georgia Professionals Since 1976 0
Coverage provided through companies on the AIA approved list of
companies
Hugh Holley, Vice President
(404) 971-8288
"Serving Professional Firms Since 1979"
BOB BRAUN hotogaer
orlando, fI
P.O. Box 7755, Orlando, FL 32854 (305) 425-7921
Special effect or natural lighting and backgrounds for model photography.
One day service: By appointment.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985 39
LEGALNOTES
1985 Growth Management Legislation -
Impact on the "Built" Environment
By J. Michael Huey
During the 1985 Legislative Ses-
sion, many pertinent issues
were addressed including growth
management, medical malprac-
tice, child care, the drinking age,
education and the passage of a
$14.099 billion budget.
In addition to these issues,
there were several others that
hit closer to home to the archi-
tectural profession such as: the
establishment of local construc-
tion regulation boards; the pas-
sage of the Small and Minority
Business Assistance Act; the
funding of two new architec-
tural schools in Florida, and the
passage of general rulemaking
authority legislation for the board
of Architecture.
HB 287 Growth Management
Omnibus Bill
Regardless of the impact of
the above issues on each of us as
citizens and professionals, the
most far-reaching and long-term
impact will probably come from
the passage of House Bill 287, the
omnibus growth management
bill. This comprehensive legisla-
tion deals with local government
comprehensive plans, coastal
protection, and developments of
regional impact.
Local Government Plans
The Local Government Compre-
hensive Planning Act (LGCPA)
is addressed in the first section
of the new bill. Under the prior
law, local governments were re-
quired to adopt comprehensive
plans. The state land planning
agency, referred to as the De-
partment of Community Affairs
(DCA), was then authorized to
review and comment on local
plans proposed for adoption or
amendment. The state had no au-
thority, however, to ensure that
necessary changes to a plan were
actually adopted. This lack of
quality control was a chief cause
for criticism of the LGCPA.
Under the revised law, how-
ever, local governments are
mandated to submit their new
plans to the DCA, within a spec-
ified time frame, for a deter-
mination of compliance. Each
plan is required to contain a new
capital improvements element
for public facilities sewer,
roads, water, parks, hospitals
and schools which sets forth
the principles for construction
or extention of such public facil-
ities, estimated public facility
cost, projected revenue sources
to fund the facilities, timetable
of when facilities are needed and
standards to ensure the avail-
ability and adequacy of facilities.
Local plans must also contain
a new land use map which shows
the proposed distribution, loca-
tion, and extent of the different
categories of land use. Each cat-
egory shall set forth the type of
use and shall contain specific
standards for the density or in-
tensity of use. The land use map
must also show wetlands, water
wells, rivers and bays.
Local plans must be updated
at least once every five years
and may be amended only twice
per year. However, amend-
ments due to a development of
regional impact (DRI) are not in-
cluded in the two amendment per
year restriction.
Local governments must also
adopt land development regula-
tions within one year of submis-
sion of a new local plan. These
new regulations must: contain
subdivision regulations; protect
well fields; regulate drainage,
protect environmentally sensi-
tive land; regulate signage; pro-
vide for open space; ensure safe
and convenient traffic flow and
parking; and provide for public
facilities to serve the proposed
development.
The issue of citizen's standing
or right to challenge local govern-
ment comprehensive plans was
one of the most controversial is-
sues in passage of the growth
management bill. HB 287 virtu-
ally allows any citizen to chal-
lenge the Department of Com-
munity Affairs' review of a par-
ticular comprehensive plan on
the basis that it is inconsistent
with state standards. This re-
view is not heard in a court of
law, but before an administra-
tive hearing officer, and is ap-
pealable to the Governor and
Cabinet.
Similarly, citizen's standing
has been increased in the area of
a local government land develop-
ment regulation, with such chal-
lenges also heard in an adminis-
trative forum. A local govern-
ment's ordinance will come before
the hearing officer with a pre-
sumption of correctness, and will
be difficult to overturn. Specific-
ally excluded from the definition
of land development regulations
will be all zonings and rezonings.
Finally, in reference to specific
development orders, a citizen's
right to challenge such action re-
mains the same the individual
challenging a development order
must show a special injury.
Protection of Florida's Coastline
The second major area ad-
dressed in House Bill 287 is the
issue of coastal protection. Under
the new law, the Department of
Natural Resources (DNR) will
not issue any permit for any
structure (with few exceptions
provided) proposed which, based
on DNR's projection of erosion,
will be seaward of the "seasonal
high water line" within thirty
years after the application date.
DNR may, however, issue a per-
mit for the repair or rebuilding of
a structure if such activity does
not expand the capacity of the
original structure seaward of the
thirty-year erosion projection.
Single-family dwellings are ex-
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
empted if meeting the require-
ments of Section 161.053(6)(c).
The law also requires a map-
ping of undeveloped coastal bar-
rier areas. The coastal preserva-
tion policy was strengthened
specifying that no state funds
shall be used for constructing
bridges or causeways to coastal
barrier islands which were not
connected on the effective date
of this bill (October 1, 1985). Fur-
thermore, no unobligated state
funds may be expended for in-
creasing the capacity of infra-
structure in the coastal building
zone or on a coastal barrier island,
except when consistent with the
coastal element of the local gov-
ernment comprehensive plan.
A new building zone is also es-
tablished by this law which in-
cludes the land area 1,500 feet
inland of the coastal construc-
tion control line, or, if there is no
control line, 3,000 feet inland
of the mean high water line. In
this area, stringent building
standards will apply, centered
around load factors capable of
withstanding 140 mph winds.
Developments of Regional Impact
The final section of the bill at-
tempts to streamline the devel-
opment of regional impact (DRI)
process. A DRI is a proposed
project, due to its character,
magnitude, or location, which
would have a substantial impact
upon the health, safety, or wel-
fare of citizens of more than one
county. Of course, large resi-
dential developments, shopping
centers, regional airports, ports
and mining proposals normally
fall within this process. HB 287
encourages participation in the
DRI process by establishing
fixed thresholds with a presump-
tive banding. A "band" of 80 to
120 percent of the applicable
thresholds is established. Devel-
opments within the "band" would
be subject to the presumption.
Certain provisions of the bill al-
low the Department of Com-
munity Affairs, the Regional
Planning Council or local gov-
ernment to petition the Gover-
nor and Cabinet for an increase
or decrease of a threshold up
to 50%, upon approval of the
Legislature.
This law also authorizes de-
velopers of a DRI to enter into
preliminary agreements with
the DCI which will allow the de-
veloper to proceed to develop
up to 25% of a DRI prior to re-
ceiving DRI approval.
Limitations are also estab-
lished on development order
"exactions" (contributions of
money and land made by devel-
opers) from an applicant. The
developer of a DRI may not be
required by local governments
to provide for land or public fa-
cilities beyond that required of
all developers. Facilities con-
tributed by the developer of a
DRI may be credited against
impact fees required by local
government to meet the same
public facility needs.
1985 Only a Beginning
The year 1985 should be
viewed as merely the beginning
of significant changes in our
laws and regulations that will
substantially impact Florida's
built environment. Much of the
responsibility for the implemen-
tation of positive changes in ac-
cordance with House Bill 287 as
well as influencing further posi-
tive legislation is borne by the ar-
chitectural profession in Florida.
After all, you are the designers
of Florida's built environment.
J. Michael Huey is General Coun-
sel to the FA/AIA. He is a part-
ner in the firm ofAkerman Sen-
terfitt & Eidson, Tallahassee.
Picture color and
texture In concrete.
SThen talk to Scofield.
Witi Sciteld alm
nrid te~urrig9 syslenisa
concre ier.omes olive 1
As the folcat poirnror ci
Cm'rpIh~ierlt 1c. your
design icield gives yt'u rhe cost-efective locils
to loke trin omoinory, Lno make Ii embaordinoty
The Scofield system.
Fromi benulild Qroan-I pinls to ricr grays' Sicxeids
CHOM '`Adii 'Tures give yo:u uribomr nea-foding
olnr-Concitmultd c Qncrete in n vrluctIVY infinite 'pectrun=
crl stondaid or cutslcni rotu-Jrs
Add cipcilive tAiur ond Sthadorjw interest With Ou higri-
teuseeloslonierlc LITHOTEY.' FornhliMrS o-1 fritheposs0bittIs
are endlesi,
The Scofield promise.
We.ve pil cmlor and trpture in u;onrfto for ove 5i2 years Our
systems wclrirt4
It 'yU OAOnt 0 PiPJIect. ITiOin* grel aind stay lookirj grwOt.
piCture colot and faxuie in -
oonerte Then 0oSccfield.
;, % I.7
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
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An Expanse of Light and Color
By Gail Fein
Opposite page, the Tunnel of Dis-
covery defines the access to the Phy-
sical and Natural Science Arcades
of the Science Center. Computer-
generated neon lights create direc-
tionalflow and introduce the indi-
vidual to the exhibits. These new
arcades use color extensively to
identify space function and define
areas. This page, top, poster of Or-
lando Science Center designed by
ADG as a promotional piece. Below,
left, exterior view of major addition
to Center. I . .. ,..i ....
provides for increased exhibit areas.
Right, tubular railing throughout
second floor observation deck allows
for viewing access to both the Physi-
cal Sciences Arcade and Natural
Sciences Gallery. Photos by
J. Kevin Haas.
Architect: Architects Design
Group of Florida, Inc.
Project Designer: I.S. K.
Reeves V, AIA
Owner: Orlando Science
Center
Mechanical and Electrical
Engineer: GRG Consulting
Engineers
Structural Engineer: Don
Moe Engineering
Interior Designer: Laura
Shapiro
General Contractor: General
Construction
several years ago the direc-
tors of the Orlando Science
Center were faced with expand-
ing programs and no physical
space in which to house them.
The decision was made to make
a major expansion at a cost of a
million-dollars-plus. Architects
Design Group of Winter Park
was chosen to design the ex-
panded facilities.
The expansion increased ex-
hibit space within the Science
Center by 90 percent. It was
funded in part by a $100,000
state grant and the help of sev-
eral local contributors. The new
expansion represents the largest
addition to the center since
1976.
The 6,000 feet of new or newly
renovated space houses two
new exhibit areas, the Physical
Sciences Arcade and the Natural
Sciences Gallery. Also included
in the design and construction
was additional exhibit fabrica-
tion space.
Phase I of the project was the
construction of the 4,000 s.f.
Physical Sciences Arcade. This
space is a learning and fun center
in which visitors guide lasers, in-
teract with computers, activate
sound synthesizers, control ro-
bots and learn through active
participation. In Phase II of the
construction, the Natural Sci-
ences Gallery was built. This
2,000 s.f. structure houses a
variety of natural history ex-
hibits. The Natural Sciences
Im
I L ".11
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985 43
Gallery was designed to contain
four eco-systems typical of Flor-
ida environments.
Within the Physical Sciences
Arcade, there are four halls in
the open exhibit area; the Halls
of Waves, Electricity, Forces
and Light. Each exhibit pertains
to that particular unit and all of
the exhibits are designed to be
relocated to a different space.
Color was utilized throughout
the Science Center in various
capacities. Red was used in the
entrance to stimulate people
and other colors such as blues,
greens and yellows were used to
create visual differences be-
tween halls. The neon tunnel
creates a circulation path that is
symbolic and not rigid. The neon
lights are computer-generated
and controlled, thereby creating
motion and drawing people into
the tunnel.
The building is heated and
cooled by an energy-efficient
heat pump. The entire building
has a fully automatic fire sup-
pression system. The ceilings
are an exposed system of bar
joists and mechanical ductwork
with polished aluminum used in
some places. Artificial lighting
is the predominant source of
illumination in the exhibit area.
At the stairwell, the window
opens up the space and provides
a source of natural light.
The expansion of the Orlando
Science Center is very exciting
and very innovative. It utilizes
materials in space-age fashion,
stimulates children to want to
look at the exhibits while holding
adults' interest as well. Most of
all, the space was designed to
encourage the participation of
visitors and it seems to do that
very well.
Gail Fein is a writer living in
Orlando.
The Physical Sciences Arcade with the Hall of Waves seen in
foreground. The observation deck at the far right allows better
viewing of the first floor exhibits. Photo by J. Kevin Haas.
section 'a'
section 'b'
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
Selecting the right lighting
is more than just
flipping a few switches.
Lighting is the "'t ool" tir Ci rating artcIIh C Ltiral
intctrarcd lLillli itil eC1\ ir onieirns.
In pla1nn1ng \OuLr lihin la\ OL, the spacc
11mus be anal\ \/Cd IIn terns ti desned
brightneliss parttcin. a n.
T I
4
$1
ii
\Vhi, h ibIjcts )or area, arc to be
St.cal P( lint, Andiiil nishes t 'ithc 1 ori, \\ all. arnd kcillin
I11Ll t bcIt mion ecd.
( )Lr lghtin c unsultants \Iill team-uip %\ Ith \ou to review
the dcticdcitfet t, and then make ric inmcndatitons that
\ ll pr ,\ Id de \ ir c lient \\ ith jlluminatit. n that \\ a
dcst-ncd to till a specific need.
Like Lightocltcr', I\anm r series. Crafted in )lld brass and
Iich in the ctadnitIn and tla\o a )faon F nghlh mania r.
\\c %tc,:k I ightolhcr and m( r t r there
malji, brands Y(,u L 'i t I' 01'r the
'i. laret inI\cntoi\ in S u lth I F rid
3 j Farrev\ Lighting Collection
1850 N.E. 146 St., Miami, FL 33181
| i |J [ 94--5451, Broward 524-86-5
i r.- inr w :L" L
HERE YOU GET A TEAM OF LIGHTING CONSULTANTS
T"rT
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CA-
FA/AIA FALL DESIGN CONFERENCE '85, SEPTEMBER 26-29
LAKE BUENA VISTA PALACE HOTEL
The Urbanization of Paradise
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highlights
The Florida Association of the American Institute of Architects
will hold its annual Fall Design Conference and Building Prod-
ucts Show at the Lake Buena Vista Palace Hotel at Walt Disney
World Village, September 26-29, featuring:
* "Urbanization of Paradise" Panel Discussions I & II At this
critical time in our state's growth, we as architects and as respon-
sible participants in physical development must be willing to con-
front and deal with important questions of endangered water re-
sources, disruption of natural echo systems and destruction of the
natural beauty which has earned Florida the reputation of a sub-
urban paradise.
The effort to deal with these issues in ways that can encourage
intelligent development will be the subject of two panel discus-
sions moderated by Dr. John M. DeGrove, former Secretary of the
Department of Community Affairs. Panelists will be Walter Col-
lins, President of Weston; Robert Davis, President of Seaside; Pat
Rose, Vice Chairman of the Save the Manatee Committee; Dr.
Bernard Yokel, President of the Florida Audubon Society. These
discussions should not be missed by any architect with a sincere
concern for Florida and for Architecture.
* Exhibits Meet with representatives of industry suppliers at
specified times that have been set aside so as not to conflict with
any scheduled programs. At least 85 companies will be on hand to
display products that are an integral part of the construction
industry.
* Luncheon with the Governor Governor Bob Graham, who has
pin-pointed growth management as his chief legislative program
this year, will address the group over lunch. The Governor will be
able to enlighten the group on the far reaching effects of the growth
management legislation passed by the legislature this year.
* Awards for Excellence Kevin Roche, Cesar Pelli, FAIA, and
Walter Wagner, FAIA, will be on hand to present and discuss their
selections of designs awarded for excellence. This year, using a
slightly new format, the Awards for Excellence will be presented
by the jury, Friday afternoon in the Exhibit Hall.
* Awards Banquet & Reception The FA/AIA President will
host a reception between 6:30 and 7:30 p.m., followed by the an-
nual Awards Banquet which will begin at 7:30 p.m., at which time
the Awards of Honor will be presented.
FLORIDA ARCHITECT September/October 1985
~ :~ ~ ' ' -~* ~t~i~-:~
?i
WE LET THE GOOD IN
AND KEEP
THE BAD OUT
O SAVES ENERGY
O PROTECTS AGAINST NOISE
ADMITS LIGHT
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Complete Line of Glass Block
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