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NORTH FLORIDA EXPERIMENT STATION Quincy, Florida MAR 21 1955 January 25, 1955 NFES-Mimeo Report 55-2 SOYBEAN RECOM2h.EDATIOU3 FOR NORTH FLORIDA FOR 1955 by Thomas E. Webb Assistant Agronomist Adapted Varieties.--The varieties recommended for North Florida are Jackson, Lee, Roanoke, Dortchsoy 31, and Ogden. The Jackson variety is well adapted to a wide range of soils and is recommended for planting in any of the North Florida counties on soils suitable for corn or other grains. Jackson is 4 to 6 inches taller than Roanoke or Dortchsoy 31. These three varieties mature about October 20. Jackson holds its seed well and its added height makes it more desirable for late planting such as behind oats or lupine. Lee and Ogden mature early, about October 1 to 8. Lee is non-shatter but Ogden must be combined within two weeks after maturity to avoid excessive shattering. All produce good seed yields and have high oil content. Date of Planting.--Soybeans planted May 15 to June 15 yield higher and produce a better plant size for combining. Soybeans may be planted from May 1 to July 1. Still earlier or later plantings yield low and do not have sufficient height for combining. Date of planting has little effect on maturity date. Forty days' difference in planting dates delays maturity only 4 days. Soils.--Soybeans will grow in most soil types found in North Florida except sand. Yields depend upon fertility of these soils. Land Preparation.--Soybeans require a good seed bed. Where soybeans follow oats, the straw must be removed. Baling the straw for bedding and feed is the most popular method of removal. If it is not convenient to bale this straw, then burning is recommended. Fertilizer.--The use of 400 to 500 pounds per acre on good soils or following a legume crop is recommended. 4-10-7 or similar analysis is recommended. No fertilizer a highly fertilized crop such as Irish potatoes, cabbage, spring vegetables. One ton of lime is profitable on most of 0-12-12 or similar analysis For poorer soils 500 pounds of is needed when soybeans follow sweet corn or other early soils. The fertilizer can be applied before planting with a spreader, at planting time in bands 3 to 4 inches on each side of the seed, or as a sidedressing at the first plowing. BE SURE THAT FERTILIZER DOES NOT TOUCH THE SEED. Row Width.--Thirty- to 36-inch rows are the most economical to use. This gives quicker ground cover for weed control, higher seed yields, and better use of equipment. Rate of Planting.--Plant 1 to l1 bushels of seed per acre. A thick stand makes the beans easier to cultivate and gives a quicker ground cover for weed control. Depth of Planting.--Cover the seed one inch deep. Plant only when there is plenty of moisture for quick emergence. Plant beans on the level or slightly below. Inoculation.--Soybeans, like other legumes, are able to utilize nitrogen from the air if properly inoculated. If soybeans are not inoculated, enough nitrogen must be adcdd to the fertilizer to make up the deficiency. Cultivating.--Use rotary hoe or weeder as soon as beans first come up. Cultivate beans when they are 2 inches high. Plow flat or ridge beans slightly with about three cultivations. Harvesting and Storage.--The combine will do a good job of harvesting soybeans, if the machine is properly adjusted and the soybeans are low in moisture. Harvesting should begin when soybeans contain about 12a moisture. Harvesting looses are often overlooked. For every 36 to 40 seed per square yard on the ground there is a harvesting loss of one bushel per acre. Cutting high enough to leave- 5 to 6 pods per foot of row neans a loss of one bushel per acre. Stre at 12 moisture an a moi or less. Insect Ccntrol.--Several insects attack soybeans .to yields. Insecticide duCts, which ray be applied by ntct-rs are as follows: -inot. Insecticide and their control is necessary for tractor, airplane, or hand Dosage J21ll arr27 V'0Y Vc.!v-it 'cs.n cat,'rpillar I,?ex.ican bcanu beetle- Toxaphene, 10I Aldrin, 2- DDT, 10n Same as above ic .:r''benie, 10 D-;Taphene, 10 Parathion. 1% L_.ir-c.-pni'., 2. / 10-15 Ibs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre Same as above 10-15 lbs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre 10-15 lbs. per acre |