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Everglades Station Mimeo Report EES65-28
CONTROL OF SOIL INSECTS, SWEET CORN INSECTS, AND
S. -. 2/ .
Emmett D. Harris, Jr.
April 1965
The results shown in this report are not intended as ins control re m-
mendations. One should refer to Florida Agricultural Extension S 3D
or consult the County Agent, Experiment Station Entomologist, or Extension Ento-
mologist for vegetable insect control recommendations.
SOIL INSECT CONTROL
Experiment I Insecticide Granules in the Seed Furrow at Planting for Corn Wire-
worm, Melanotus, communis(Gyll.), Control on Florida 104 Sweet Corn. This experi-
ment was planted in mid-February.
Insecticides on
10% Granules
Parathion
Aldrin
Parathion-Aldrin
Paratnion-Aldrin
Thimet
Diazinon
Untreated
Experiment II -
104 Sweet Corn.
The seed furrow
,000
Lbs. of Actual Wireworms per 100 Plants Plants Percent
Insecticide Percent : per Damaged
Super Acre Live Dead Dead : Acre Plants
2 4 5 56 20.7 1.7
2 14 3 18 19.5 9 .5"
2 of each 3 7 70 22.9 2.0
1 of each 5 6 55 .22.3 .3.1
'2 0 4 : 100 21.8 0.5
2 3 5 63 22.5 1.5
21 0 0 20.0 16.9
Methods of Applying Parathion for Corn Wireworm Control-on Florida
Broadcast insecticide applications were made on January 27, 1965.
treatment was made during planting on February 11, 1965. '..
Parathion
Formulation
Emulsion
10% Granules
10% Granules
Untreated
Method of
Application
Broadcast
Broadcast
Seed Furrow
Lbs. of
Parathion
per Acre
Wireworms at 150 Plants
Percent
Live Dead Dead
8 1
'9" 0
S5 9
27 0
11
0
: 64
S0
Prepared for presentation at the Annual Vegetable Crops Field Day held at the
Everglades Experiment Station, May 4, 1965.
Associate Enotmologist, Everglades Experiment Station, Belle Glade, Florida.
1/
2/
,000- -
Plantsi
per
Acre
20.7
21.5
21.8
20.3
Percent
Damaged
Plants
2.8
3.0
1.3
-6.9
_ I __ _~_ _
Experiment III Kepone 4% Field Bait Method and Rate of Application for Corn
Wireworm Control on Florida 104 Sweet Corn. Broadcast bait applications were made
on January 27, 1965. Seed furrow treatments were made during the planting operat-
ion. Two replicates were planted on February 12. Three replicates were planted
on February 16.
Lbs. of ,000
4% Kepone Wireworms at 200 Plants Plants Percent
Method of Field Bait Percent per Damaged
Application per Acre Live Dead Dead Acre Plants
Broadcast 100 21 1 5 19.4 3.6
Broadcast 50 29 0 0 18.9 4.3
Seed Furrow 50 22 12 35 17.7 1.0
Seed Furrow 25 26 7 21 17.8 2.0
Untreated --- 37 1 3 19.1 5.8
When applied in the seed furrow, the bait retarded germination. As seen above
the final stand was slightly reduced. This was apparently due to the bait rather
than the insecticide as germination was retarded with other insecticide baits in
seed furrow treatments that are not reported herein, whereas, granular formulations
of the same insecticides seemed to have no effect on germination.
CORN STEM WEEVIL (Hyperodes humilis (Gyll.)) AND BUDWORM CONTROL ON SWEET CORN
In each of these experiments, Florigold 107 sweet corn was planted on March
25, 1965. It was sprayed twice weekly from March 30, the day after seedling
emergence, until April 19. Since that time it has been sprayed weekly. All of
the budworms collected in these experiments have been fall armyworms, Spodoptera
frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Corn stem weevil damage counts were made the day after
the final twice-weekly spray.
Experiment I SD 9129 Dosages. This insecticide has been applied as a 3.2 pound
per gallon water soluble concentrate and is being compared with a DDT 2 pound per
gallon emulsifiable concentrate.
Percent Budworm Damaged Plants
Lbs. Act. Percent Corn After the After the
Tox. per Stem Weevil Final Twice- First Weekly
Insecticide 100 Gals. Damaged Plants weekly Spray Spray
SD 9129 0.2 20 16 25
SD 9129 0.4 15 3 14
SD 9129 0.6 6 1 13
SD 9129 0.8 6 2 6
DDT 2.0 6 19 42
Untreated -27 79 94
Experiment II SD 8447 Dosages. This insecticide has been applied as a 75%
wettable powder and is being compared with DDT 2 pound/gallon emulsifiable con-
centrate.
Insecticide,
SD 8447
SD 8447
D...D 8447
SD 8447
UnDDTr
Untreated
Lbs. Act.
Tox, per.
100 Gals.
0.5
0.75
1.0
1.25
2.0
-
Percent Cor
Stem Weevi
Damaged Plani
12
1 .-:,
S101
13.
421
'21
Percent Budworm Damaged Plants
in After the ,After the
L Final Twice-. First weekly
ts ...weekly Spray : Spray
2.9
1.2
2.0
0.4
17.9
79.5
30
20.
:13
14
45
94
Experiment III Levels of Toxaphene with DDT
with and without Triton X-100.
Pints per 100 Gallons
Toxa-
phene Triton
DDT 2E 8E. X-100
Percent Corn.
S; Stem.Weevil
Damaged Plants
Percent Budworm
After the
Final Twice-
weekly Spray
Damaged Plants
SAfter the
First Weekly
Spray
4
-4
4 .
4
8
Untreated
24
18
. 27
37
28
97
Triton X-100 resulted in spray damage to
Toxaphene mixture.
the plants when used with the DDT-
Experiment IV Gallonages. Sprays containing 2 quarts of DDT 2E and
toxaphene 8E per 100 gallons were applied at different gallonages by
ground speed of the sprayer.
0.5 pint of
varying the
Average Gallons per Acre
First 3 Later
Sprays Sprays
2 Nozzles: 4,Nozzles
per row per Row
79
69
53
39
25
Untreated check
172
149
112
89
59
mph
2
2.4
3.1
4.0
6.0
:.... Prcdent'Budworm
Percent Corn After the
Stem Weevil Final Twice-
SDamaged Plants weekly Spray
Damaged Plants
After the
First Weekly
Spray.
2
2
0.5
0.5
None
check
0.5
None
0.5
None
None
2
9
6
12
10
35
EARWORM CONTROL ON SWEET CORN
Nearly all of the caterpillars that were observed in these experiments were
corn earworms, Heliothis zea (Boddie). The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda
(J. E. Smith) occurred infrequently.
Experiment I Miscible Spray Oil (70 SUS at 1000F., 94%unsulfonatable residue)
Levels with DDT 2E. DDT 2E was used at one gallon to 50 gallons of spray per
acre. Experimental applications were made every other day from April 9 to April
25, 1964. The Florigold 107 sweet corn was harvested on April 28, 1964.
Pints of Spray Oil
in 50 Gallons
per Acre
Percent
Worm-free
Ears
Crates of U.S. Fancy
Ears per Acre (Ignoring
Earworm Damage)
1.25
none
Untreated
Experiment II Miscible Spray Oil Levels with DDT 2E. DDT 2E was used at one
gallon to 50 gallons of spray per acre. Experimental applications were made
every other day from May 1 to May 19, 1964. Florigold 107 sweet corn was har-
vested on May 21, 1964. There was some yellowing of the foliage with the highest
level of the miscible spray oil but the quality of the ears seemed to be unaffected.
Pints of Spray Oil
in 50 Gallons
per Acre
Percent
Worm-free
Ears
Crates of U.S Fancy
Ears per Acre (Ignoring
Earworm Damage)
10.0
7.5
5.0
2.5
none
Untreated
216
186
202
238
190
170
Experiment III Levels of Sevin with DDT for Earworm Control. Experimental
applications were made every other day from April 9 to April 25, 1964. Florigold
107 sweet corn was harvested on April 28, 1964.
Insecticide Formulation per 50 Gallons per Acre
Sevin 80%
Sprayable
DDT 2E Powder
1 Gal.
Percent Worm-
free Ears
2.5 lbs.
1.25
0.625
None
2.5
None
Untreated Check
-5-
Experiment IV Screening Trial. Experimental Applications were made every other
day from April 9 to April 25, 1965. Florigold 107 sweet -crn was harvested.on
-April 28, 1964.
Amount to 50 Gallons
Insecticide Formulation
SD 8447 75% WP .
SD 9129 Technical
Triphenyl Tin Hydroxide 20% WP
Thiodan-Methyl Parathion 2-1.5E
DDT 2E
Untreated check
Formulation
1.5 lb.
0.8
1.0
2.67 pints
8
per Acre
Actual
Toxicant
1.125 lb.
0.8 ..
0.4
1.0-0.5
2.0
Percent
Worm-free
Ears
SERPENTINE LEAFMINER CONTROL ON CELERY
Celery was transplanted to the field in late November and sprayed weekly for
serpentine leafminer control. When it became obvious that weekly application did
not give adequate control, a twice-weekly schedule was followed. When the leaf-
miner population began to ebb in untreated plots, a weekly schedule was resumed.
Experiment I Levels of Dibrom 8E with and without Volck Spray Oil.
Pints of
Spray Oil
per
100 Gals.
Mines per 100 Leaflets (Cumulative)
Moderate Slight Very
or or Slight
Severe Worse Worse or Worse
Leafminers
per 100
Leaflets
After Weekly Applications, average of 4 observation dates:
None
1 Gal.
None
1 Gal.
127
108
152
140
178
241
199
288
260
287
313
270
367
345
326
127
111
141
140
167
After Twice-weekly Applications, average of 4 observation dates;
1
1
0.5
0.5
Untreated
0 0.5
0 0.5
0.5 1.5
0 0.5
6.5 52.5
Lbs. of
Dibrom
per 100
Gals.
1
1
0.5
0.5
Untreated
Percent
Dead
None
1 Gal.
None
1 Gal.
121
113
137
95
173
50
29
35
26
121
S99
97
94
92
33
Experiment II Spray Adjuvants with Dibrom BE. Dibrom 8E was used at 1 pint and
each spray adjuvant except Volck Spray oil was used at 8 fluid ounces per 100 gal-
lons. Volck Spray Oil was used at 1 gallon per 100 gallons. Below counts are the
average of two observation dates after twice-weekly sprays.
Adjuvant
None
Ortho Spray Sticker
Triton B-1956
Triton X-100
Volck Spray Oil
Untreated
Mines per 100 Leaflets (Cumulative)
Moderate Slight Very
or or Slight
Severe Worse Worse or Worse
73
100
117
88
72
222
229
277
345
218
228
276
Leafminers
per 100
Leaflets
81
85
106
57
64
201
EES65-28
400 Copies
Percent
Dead
100
95
97
100
100
33
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