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Everglades Station Mimeo Rpt. 63-24
May, 1963
Control of Soil Insects, Sweet Corn Insects, and Celery Insects
Emmett D. Harris, Jr.
The results shown in this report are not intended as insect control recom-
mendations. One should refer to Florida Agriculture Extension Circular 193B
or consult the County Agent, Experiment Station Entomologist, or the insecticide
label for insect control recommendations.
SOIL INSECT CONTROL
All insecticides were applied broadcast and immediately disked into the
soil to a depth of about 6 inches.
Experiment I Kepone, Aldrin, and Phosdrin for control of Wireworms(Conoderus
spp. and Melanotus communis (Gyll.)) and the lesser cornstalk
borer (Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller)). Aldrin was applied on October 4;
the other insecticides were applied on October 1. Florigold 107 sweet corn was
planted on October 16.
Amount
Insects per 100 Plants
Lesser
Wireworms corn-
Cono- M.com- stalk
Percent
damaged
Plants
per
100
Insecticide Formulation per acre derus munis TOT borer. plants feet.
Kepone 5% Cornmeal bait 100 lbs. 0.5 0.5 1.0 10 37 67
Kepone 5% Cornmeal bait 50 lbs. 0.4 1.3 1.7 3 38 79
Kepone 50' Wettable Powder 10 lbs. 0.5 0.9 1.4 6 24 104.
Phosdrin (2 lb./gal.)EC 10 qts 0.5 0.5 1.0 7 18 110
Aldrin (4 lb./gal.) EC 5 qts. 0.5 2.2 2.7 1 4 :.190
Untreated --- 5.4 0 5.4 8 20 109.
Experiment II Parathion Spray and Granules, Heptachlor Spray and Bait, and a
Heptachlor-Parathion Spray for Wireworm Control. Parathion
granules and Heptachlor bait were applied on October 2. Sprays were applied
on October 4. Florigold 107 sweet corn was planted on October 16.
I Prepared for presentation at the Annual Vegetable Crops Field Day held at
the Everglades Experiment Station, May 9, 1963.
/ Assistant Entomologist, Everglades Experiment Station, Belle Glade, Fla.
Insecticide Formulation
Heptachlor (2 Ib/gal) EC
Parathion (4 lb/Gal)
Heptachlor-Parathion EC's s
Parathion 10% Granules
Heptachlor 5% Cornmeal
Untreated
Wireworms per 100 Plants
Amount
per acre Conoderus
10 qts. 25
5 qts. 0
5 2.5 qts. 2
50 lbs. 2
100 lbs. 23
-- 15
M. communis
3
10
2
13
7
2
Experiment III Aldrin Spray, Kepone Bait and Spray, and Kepone-Aldrin Spray
for Control of Wireworms and Banded Cucumber Beetle, Diabrotica
balteata LeConte, Grubs. Each insecticide was applied on November 29 and Flori-
gold 107 sweet corn was planted on November 30.
Insecticide Formulation
Aldrin (4 Ib/gal) EC
Kepone 50% Wettable Powder
Aldrin-Kepone Spray
Kepone 5% Cornmeal Bait
Untreated
Amount
per acre
5 qts.
10 Ibs.
2.5 qts.-5 lbs.
100 lbs.
Insects per 100 Plants
Wireworms Cucumber
Cono- M.com- beetle
derus munis TOT grubs
4 5 9 59
3 3 6 22
1 7 8 13
o 7 7 18
6 9 15 43
CORN STEM WEEVIL, LESSER CORNSTALK BORER AND BUDWORM CONTROL ON SWEET CORN
Experiment I DDT-Toxaphene Combinations for Corn Stem Weevil Control on Flori-
gold 107 Sweet Corn. Insecticide sprays were applied twice
weekly from October 22 to November 12, 1962 to sweet corn that was planted on
October 16 and emerged on October 20.
Ratio:
Toxaphene
to DDT
4/1
2/1
1/1
1/2
1/4
0/2
Untreated
Pounds
Actual Toxicant
per 100 Gallons
Toxaphene DDT
1.6
1.33
1.0
0.67
0.4
o
0.4
0.67
1.0
1.33
1.6
2.0
Pts. EC per
8 lb/gal
Toxaphene
1.6
1.33
1.0
0.67
0.4
o
100 Gals.
2 lb/gal
DDT
1.6
2.67
4.0
5.33
6.4
8.0
Percent
Mined
Total Plants
3.2
4.0
5.0
6.0
6.8
8.0
TOT
28
10
4
15
30
17
Plants
per
100 feet
176
201
189
142
170
186
----------
Experiment II Imidan Emulsion Dosages and Imidan Wettable Powder Spray for
Control of Corn Stem Weevils, Budworms, and Lesser Cornstalk
Borers on Sweet Corn. Sprays were applied twice weekly from October 22 to
November 12, 1962 to Florigold 107 sweet corn that was planted on October 16
and emerged on October 20.
Imidan Formulation
3 lb/gal EC 5.33 pts.
3 Ib/gal EC 2.67 pts.
3 lb/gal EC 1.33 pts.
3 lb/gal EC 0.67 pts.
50%tO P -. 2.0-lbs.
Untreated ---
.Pounds
Actual Imidan
per 100 Gals.
2.0
1.0
0.5
0.25
.. 1.0
Percent Damaged Plants by:
Corn stem Lesser Corn-
weevil stalk borer Budworms
2 4 8
5 7 21
14 17 20
14 16 33
14. 18 .20
46 22 70
Experiment III DDT-Toxaphene Combinations and Two Imidan Dosages for Corn Stem
Weevil and Budworm Control. Emulsions were applied twice weekly
from March 20 to April 8, 1963, to Florigold 107 sweet corn that was planted on
March 15 and emerged on March 19.
Pounds
actual
toxicant
per
100
Gals.
Insecticide Formulation
Pints
EC
per
100 Gals.
% Damaged
corn
stem
weevil
Plants by:
Budworms
DDT(2 lb/gal) EC Toxaphene (8 Ib/gal)EC
DDT(2 lb/gal) EC Toxaphene (8 Ib/gal)EC
DDT(2 Ib/gal) EC Toxaphene (8. b/gal)EC
DDT (2 lb/gal) EC
Imidan (3 lb/gal) EC
Imidan (3 lb/gal) EC
Untreated
1.5 0.5
1.0 1.0
1.5 1.5
2.0
2.0
1.0
CELERY INSECTS
Experiment I Dibrom Gailonages and Diazinon Emulsion and Wettable Powder Spray
for Control of Serpentine Leafminers and Caterpillars on Celery.
Utah 52-70-2-13 celery was transplanted on January 10, 1963. Sprays were applied
weekly from January 17 until February 28. Thereafter they were applied twice
weekly. Diazinon was applied until April 4, Dibrom until April 8.
Plants
per
100 ft.
164
152
152
149
162
131
-0.5
-1
- 1.5
8
5.33
2.67
1.9
1.6
0.4
0.8
2.8
8.7
47.0
Insecticide
formulation
Average of six dates,
Dibrom 8 lb/gal EC
Dibrom 8 Ib/gal EC
Dibrom 8 lb/gal EC
Diazinon 4 Ib/gal EC
Diazinon 50% WP
Untreated
Amount
per 100
gallons
each one
2 pints
1 pint
0.5 pint
1 pint
1 pound
----
Gallons
per a
acre
Mines per 100 Leaflets(Cumulative)
Moderate Slight Very
or or slight or
Severe Worse Worse Worse
day after application:
37.5 75 2
75 150 2
150 300 6
75 150 2
75 150 3
--- 25
109
88
117
34
43
205
b
Four days after final Dibrom spray; eight days after final Diazinon Spray:
Dibrom 8
Dibrom 8
Dibrom 8
Diazinon
Diazinon
Untreated
Lb/gal EC
lb/gal EC
Lb/gal EC
4 lb/gal EC
50%I WP
Dibrom 8
Dibrom 8
Dibrom 8
Diazinon
Diazinon
Untreated
Lb/gal EC
Lb/gal EC
Lb/gal EC
4 Ib/gal EC
500% wP
2 pints
1 pint
0.5 pint
1 pint
1 pound
Percent Plants
Damaged by Caterpillars
75
150
300
150
150
a. Gallonages increased as the number of nozzles per row was increased from two
to four to maintain coverage as the plants grew.
b. The recommended minimum interval between last application
7 days for Diazinon and 4 days for Dibrom.
and harvest is
Experiment II Guthion Formulations for Control of Serpentine Leafminers and
Caterpillars on Celery. Utah 52-70-2-13 celery was transplanted
on January 10, 1963. Sprays were applied weekly from January 17 until March 28
at 75 to 150 gallons per acre depending.on crop size.
198
162
194
154
180
263
2 pints
1 pint
0.5 pint
1 pint
1 pound
75
150
300
150
150
----'
172
177
157
170
110
158
322
265
280
392
312
217
Mines per 100 leaflets (cumulative)!
Insecticide
formulation
Amount/
100 Gals.
Moderate
or
Severe Worse
Average of six dates, each one day after application:
Guthion 25% WP
Guthion 1.5 lb/gal EC
Methyl Guthion Ethyl Guthion
2 Ib./gal EC
Untreated
2 Ibs.
2.67 pints
2 pints
---
Seven days after the final application:
Guthion 25% NP
Guthion 1.5 lb/gal EC
Methyl Guthion Ethyl Guthion
2 lb/gal EC
Untreated
2 Ibs.
2.67 pints
2 pints
-- m
Fourteen days after the final application:
Guthion 25% WP
Guthion 1.5 lb/gal EC
Methyl Guthion Ethyl Guthion
2 Ib/gal EC
Untreated
2 Ibs.
2.67 pints
2 pints
---
Percent Plants Damaged
by Caterpillars
Guthion 25% WP
Guthion 1.5 lb/gal EC
Methyl Guthion Ethyl Guthion 2 lb/gal
Untreated
2 Ibs.
2.67 pints
EC 2 pints
--
EES Mimeo Rpt. 63-24
400 copies
Slight
or
Worse
Very
Slight
or Worse
20
11
17
168
20
15
23
125
95
135
108
150
120
97
110
185
103
97
115
137
207
270
255
175
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