Citation
Blending susceptible and resistant wheat varieties

Material Information

Title:
Blending susceptible and resistant wheat varieties
Series Title:
Research report (North Florida Research and Education Center (Quincy, Fla.))
Creator:
Hartman, J. B ( John B. ), 1962-
North Florida Research and Education Center (Quincy, Fla.)
Place of Publication:
Quincy Fla
Publisher:
North Florida Research and Education Center
Publication Date:
Language:
English
Physical Description:
8 p. : ill. ; 28 cm.

Subjects

Subjects / Keywords:
Hessian flies ( lcsh )
Wheat -- Varieties ( lcsh )
City of Quincy ( flego )
City of Marianna ( flego )
Planting ( jstor )
Infestation ( jstor )
Genre:
bibliography ( marcgt )

Notes

Bibliography:
Includes bibliographical references.
General Note:
Caption title.
Statement of Responsibility:
by J.B. Hartman ... et al..

Record Information

Source Institution:
University of Florida
Rights Management:
All applicable rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier:
71154266 ( OCLC )

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North Florida Research and Education Center Research Report NF-90-22
September, 1990


Blending Susceptible and Resistant Wheat Varieties
for the Control of Hessian Fly
by J.B. Hartman, R.D. Barnett, R.K. Sprenkel, and A.R. Soffes


Varieties resistant to Hessian fly have been available for many years;
unfortunately, widespread planting of resistant varieties has led to the increase of
virulent biotypes capable of damaging formerly resistant varieties. Gould suggested
blending susceptible and resistant lines to slow the rise of virulent biotypes.' During
the 1989/90 growing season blends of susceptible and resistant wheats were grown
under two levels of Hessian fly pressure at Marianna and Quincy, Florida.

Seed of three susceptible varieties (Florida 301, Florida 302, and Florida 303)
were mixed with those of three resistant varieties (Florida 301H, FL85363-G18-14,
and FL85363-G12-17) at ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 10:90, and
0:100. Florida 301 was blended with Florida 301H. Florida 302 was blended with
FL85363-G18-14, and Florida 303 was blended with FL85363-G12-17. A high
population of Hessian fly was induced by early planting of a susceptible variety in an
adjacent area. The Marianna trial was planted Nov. 15, 1989, and Quincy was
planted December 4, 1989. Centra!I Science

Yields of the blends grovn at Marianna are reported in Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Yield differences were observed between blendsJs ontain ng a high ratio of the
susceptible component (100:0, 90:10, and 75:25) and blends containing a low ratio
of the susceptible component (25:75-'10;90,'and 0:;100). Pl nting 10% susceptibles
had no significant affect on yield-for-alH-varieties.planted.at.M lrianna(p> .025, df= 30
DMRT). At Quincy, where the level of Hessian fly was lower, leaf rust significantly
skewed the results for the Florida 303/FL85363-G12-17 blend (see Figures 4, 5, and
6). FL85363-G12-17 proved to be more susceptible to rust than Florida 303 (Figure
6). Similarly, resistance was counterbalanced by unidentified traits in Florida 301H
which eliminated any significance between Florida 301/Florida 301H blends (Figure
4). Only Florida 302/FL85363-G18-14 showed the expected trend (Figure 5).

This study seems to indicate that the Hessian fly female is able to distinguish
Florida 302 from Florida 301 and 303 when ovipositing. Recent evidence suggests
that, contrary to previous opinions, differences in leaf veining, pubescence (fuzziness),
and olfactory stimuli seem to exert some effect on a female Hessian flies selection of
an oviposition site.2 It may lead us to identify traits other than simple (i.e. one gene)
genetic resistance to Hessian fly.







Another phenomenon highlighted by this study is the differences between how
a fall infestation versus a spring infestation act upon a blend. A heavy fall infestation
such as that which occurred at Marianna did not result in a significant loss in yield
when 10 to 25% of the blend was a susceptible variety. Under these conditions there
was sufficient time for the resistant component of the blend to compensate for the
losses caused by the Hessian fly. In contrast a spring infestation like that which
occurred in Quincy came after the potential for compensatory tillering. Under these
conditions, any percentage of susceptible wheat in the blend caused losses (compare
Figures 2 and 5).

Finally, producers who choose to grow Florida 301H might seriously consider
blending with Florida 301. For these two varieties, a 50:50 blend combined the best
qualities of both varieties and performed better than either the 100:0 or 0:100
plantings over both sites.
'F. Gould(1986) Environ. Entomol. 15(1):11-23.
2M.O. Harris and S. Rose. 1990. Environ. Entomol. 19(2):303-308.







BLENDS


OF SUSCEPTIBLE/RESISTANT
MARIANNA, FL.


WHEAT


GRAIN YIELD


BU/AC


100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%


BLENDS


(% SUSCEPTIBLE AT PLANTING)


F FLORIDA 301 M FLORIDA 301H


60

50

40

30

20

10

0


___ II_ ___ ___---- ---------___


.... ......_ ........ .... ....... .. I -- ---




Fig. 1.







BLENDS OF SUSCEPTIBLE/RESISTANT WHEAT
MARIANNA, FL.


GRAIN YIELD


BU/AC


100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%
100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%


BLENDS (% SUSCEPTIBLE AT PLANTING)


F FLORIDA 85363-G14-18


Fig.


2. = FLORIDA 302







BLENDS OF SUSCEPTIBLE/RESISTANT WHEAT
MARIANNA, FL.


GRAIN YIELD


BU/AC


100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%


BLENDS (% SUSCEPTIBLE AT PLANTING)

FLORIDA 303 FLORIDA 85363-G12-17


Fig.







BLENDS OF


SUSCEPTIBLE/RESISTANT
QUINCY, FL.


WHEAT


GRAIN YIELD


100


90%


BU/AC


75%


BLENDS


(% SUSCEPTIBLE AT


PLANTING)


4.


Fig.


M FLORIDA 301 M FLORIDA 301H


50%


25%


10%








BLENDS OF RESISTANT/SUSCEPTIBLE WHEAT
QUINCY, FL.


GRAIN YIELD BU/AC


50 -/


40 -

30 -

20 -

10 -

0-


100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%


BLENDS (% SUSCEPTIBLE)


F FLORIDA 85363-G14-18


..... .. ... ......................................


Fig.


M FLORIDA 302







BLENDS OF SUSCEPTIBLE/RESISTANT WHEAT
QUINCY, FL.


GRAIN


YIELD


BU/AC


100 % 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% 0%
BLENDS (% SUSCEPTIBLE AT PLANTING)


M FLORIDA 303 M FLORIDA 85363-G12-17


Fig.