• TABLE OF CONTENTS
HIDE
 Front Cover
 Introduction
 Table of Contents
 Main
 Advertising
 Back Cover














Group Title: Semi-tropical Florida : its climate, soil, and productions, with a sketch of its history, natural features, and social condition, being a manual of reliable information concerning the resources of the State and the inducements which it offers to persons seeking new homes and profitable investments.
Title: Semi-tropical Florida
CITATION THUMBNAILS PAGE IMAGE ZOOMABLE
Full Citation
STANDARD VIEW MARC VIEW
Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00055733/00001
 Material Information
Title: Semi-tropical Florida its climate, soil, and productions, with a sketch of its history, natural features, and social condition, being a manual of reliable information concerning the resources of the State and the inducements which it offers to persons seeking new homes and profitable investments
Physical Description: 14, 44 p. : ill. ; 22 cm.
Language: English
Creator: Florida -- Bureau of Immigration
French, Seth, 1824-1896
Publisher: published for the state by Seth French
Place of Publication: Jacksonville Fla
Publication Date: 1879
 Subjects
Subject: Description and travel -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Genre: government publication (state, provincial, terriorial, dependent)   ( marcgt )
non-fiction   ( marcgt )
 Notes
General Note: Prepared and issued by Seth French, Commissioner of the Bureau of Immigration.
 Record Information
Bibliographic ID: UF00055733
Volume ID: VID00001
Source Institution: University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: aleph - 000048474
oclc - 00600902
notis - AAF3233
lccn - 72210806

Table of Contents
    Front Cover
        Page 2
    Introduction
        Page 3
    Table of Contents
        Page 4
    Main
        Page 5
        Page 6
        Page 7
        Page 8
        Page 9
        Page 10
        Page 11
        Page 12
        Page 13
        Page 14
        Page 15
        Page 16
        Page 17
        Page 18
        Page 19
        Page 20
        Page 21
        Page 22
        Page 23
        Page 24
        Page 25
        Page 26
        Page 27
        Page 28
        Page 29
        Page 30
        Page 31
        Page 32
        Page 33
        Page 34
        Page 35
        Page 36
        Page 37
        Page 38
        Page 39
        Page 40
        Page 41
        Page 42
        Page 43
        Page 44
        Page 45
    Advertising
        Page 46
        Page 47
        Page 48
        Page 49
        Page 50
        Page 51
        Page 52
        Page 53
        Page 54
        Page 55
        Page 56
    Back Cover
        Page 57
Full Text










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Iqflupuua~ a *Stat., *ewe
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Tb.. lends lo compriap aome e(he 'lC'Yti hmsd.


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ailyrilpte to aaafakrtrnil^Uil^^
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acre,
(re are
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being
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oer in
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him with th higSbi Conty offices, with


TILe records ahow rmislar .in ewy
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sehvre and their families; we want them to i S tify ,mUtye~' pa
nation, and enjoy all the righti r iat At't hwUt'M
State now flly guarantee to ekam., We have owr tirty tMiot hei tM i
States land, which can be bad for a'mte n m pre.We n k
give immigrants a hearty welcome, and ed (o them filU id 1an-e1ti
have no prejudices to overcome, or wate aelrMady mamObolidtm; Wai


of kindred races,
their descendants


that we may be ahe
we give immigration


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oteneoufs pe4pe(w rme tr
edit fr in n are or hopB il6


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not wish to be misunderstood oa this point
e tanid positions but on the contrary, invit


; we do not' want i
e them to ioaete a


. ..-..- C---- --------, -*. --- ---- .. ,,.F-- ,
of their homes in fee simple forever; we want them to become itsis, aS
us equal political privilege and treeponsibltl e in all the o Qblptloin 1i-.
citlenas under a Republican government; we want persons itto


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mwp lwet*o # tw may.U ,dlre manb e. o $u Abl ir
4-^O eefl i ^ to the umbr Sw M he
maeas a ne4, wlook but e- aev.ad ateed
qrfully at leakt pluct$j and, sooner o lati, wit. ThitSew Aeit.
tilhav to mlnw many thinpa, and learn by experience de# ayp If
b.filt "i-ke haste slowly," obaerve, advise ithi older detta-- or a
.gidonem. By this he will avoid many natural mistakeft in choice of aIn4,
ie of reaidece, cropan cultvaion. While the pnbrow asol yields
,yet.mawee is notbept fromlabor, though it is e exatg than In
ates. If the immi t s*'mcs to bta;, ad doe ,tay, in a few uhort yeara
$fll efl. Opje Pwbo haw, a 14* qic a ng to
o~upa*e1, or$ ,arqd until ylptage.ot
fst. l; yL $ r '44 have been b-ouht-up .tlLth, o
Enal wo expet to 1ir l.aw, phJit, or pr hig, gafd ~qot
,oil; eqbyo politicians who plpe to .hin te' en her. -to
^lamy wiheq yw are; we already hMv a urflit of thMe .times.
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St8E POOB IM GRANT MAY DO.

Sd emaru a to new-omt. We believe




Slmir ints .*vea lithe paerinod a. d q tlg
i lr.. e and fw .DO .M t.new mit.. -l' har. had. a~Tl-
.aS&IdUi t; yetfllted, *ftr l peiod,that ^

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fish are to be had for the seekiLg. It 'sAl b thatMthe foodaqtd6iis
Year by year his crops are increasing, ooxp wta added to; he haq wit4a
cessories of a comfortable home. Inq meantime hi grove 9
vines, are growing apace; in a few shortly* he seeta is the early i
odor of the orange bloom, sees the green f t ituafly increasing i a4ie,
months come on, gladdens his eye with t_ eight of the golden uit .h
yield him a substantial return-waited for won. It has taken less thL trA r
of Pears for the piney-woods p ser to make a new home which elIt oim
support and sure. increasing income for the future.


WHAT THE RICH IMMIGRANT CAN. DO.


To the sstn of capital, florida offers large variety of w pito eto nqla t
stMy asir .il.bily, whether, a an investment looking to t fa i tutpn
prea-t ,dfti and quick returns. luwere are millm N Se ofied



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rWW TO MAKE A .ORANGE GROYB.
V* I
i tebtio of the land thet i ai. d moast important point, nt aoi
^ measure depends. Chooe hith, dry hammoAk, or high rolling
JICB dm-iie up yeloliA mxIL h sAylow.f i sub moll
8i|tofthuus sa tndtdd *ilt herd p-, ort add
ji~bteral ad ihatsed tfmi shi othis Wiat eWoitn.


with
"The


zae on souaheat Side of-wide Sthet of watei, or high lands,
"j if^ir'from fr(r Te hand selected, cler thoetocy of all
ttreeWny, afencee; Bow with cow e wlMatn nuunder
when h bslio i !.sr#eeten& the moil; this may be dbeto r after
planting trees. D art, 18 inches deep, and four fet in diameter, clean
out all roots, fill Oup with '4 whi chtill retain the moisture procure trees from
tsee to five ears old, l'll carefully, with all of the raots palble, pack up
Wip t iM ae de nd out of the wind, taken to the proposed
Jfmwf ait d sug ffcient for the tree, with roots carefully
fil k standing in same position at originally grown. Let the tree, when set out,


dy an inch above natural level of land; ll under, in and about the roots, coi
-it is best done by the hand, killed to surites ad gently tamped down; Mll
ito, or three inches of earth, which will preat drylnag on co
;|ng, Te tthe ol about the tree to .he level but it, should
,td trash not allowed 46 aicmnalt plowI
trees is best and safest. Volowirnthne as. o
i'. cost of a five-aere grov esay, -lvA yr tot ps a i
gh pine land is choea il l -follo I
pf clearing will be more. The .

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ways iuby.ttro(^rtpto^ fsreDi
w, and tail eei ed f
adding cot ,t .,o; +-to+ "_ ,Ifoi~.-o,, ik ,fo,
*aly a.Istkg, hoevatrit* 1 prtU
old. artlea MIlte old ,pe 1lW
wsm, aietoles mta m. -.L. .-blky-.
I do wdl.rnlu, l iProE~~ bl Pro thrait
e purely e-arlty .ffS ut s ..... l,
tore sn,4, the p


me artlW
S- 4


plour, 4r-&
c. to WOe,
,eap .t ..
Hoerbo i,


nec tly de


mano i dt


mrp njm
hnasc a >
*olkp~


(8 per&& ; :btfl, 5*8 P p^rI*'
;lb4 .Ofb 15mp. to tec. per. ae2 ,-




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-. ,4- 4' r.


.a-, N:t+ 9 t ,


-feiMB


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cts.;
4 to
ever,
ghtsa
ares.
and.
e or

one
.ure,


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b -!-1.I. --~-


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^i^^-'^ ^


I


rices

tter,


la
CO




. 4- -. '^*^ 'M B
'r IJ v' < *'


*T ^T^Ytp-^W^


..... :rr_ .+ +- /. .-+. .. ,+7+.++ .r. .:++ .l W --
i i T


S0 *


sightly, and, to a stranger, the tall, dead, le]Q4u trunk ,and branchb~girvi a! muula-
choly outlook to the locality, showing want of thrift sand rogreau in rtb helabiflan.
Necessity in many caues was the cause of such primitive work, but qf t must be
ascribed to indolence. To clear ordinary pine land, removlg tlhe .tolt
from $12 to $15 per aorer hammock lands will cost moge-froa $15 to '5,9"iP
to density and size of timber. .. -
For a new place, the Virginia rail fenP s cheBapge ,_ rails "ae -on .,l.,
split freely. As the country settle up,. ad paw.-mi become freqqpAt qgi+1P
posts may be substituted. c .4-


S t


COST


BUILDING.


The new-comer, anxious to have a roof over his head and be redyto go to work, w'1


hasten to build him a. house.
S


K1 7'
^ *


Now, here is room and


range for any perpom to
his taste, talent
gance, or economy.
portable log-house
moderate-sized family
L. .built, say, for $0;


.exrclie
extra
Acorn-
for;, a
y un be
. food


Sframe building, with four or
five. rooms, will oest from
PO to $400. The ordinary
Northern or Western farmer,
if not a regular mechanic, yet
is bndy enough with ham-
Smer and saw to build theb
.house; with the help of'a
good mechanic (now 2 par
Sday), he ought to hqve every-
thirs done the best, The
-sw aipe ip/n da s1hies-
,seo te fatathieaso
5Lu94q ta4lity from

ho- pa. SeItw frou the auip
sapl dnoa, a the marinP li

4IIs o~u, d yitias; o t at i-mn-
Sdows sad phatexed w aot
UOOU, thug ddM~ l I. it; wide b, vine-coverd
tliasa, bulldicg set 4.1 Mup haor the guoond; h 14d be the o et chisoerM istics of.
UnWes homeu wheta r sMthes4 abin of the pIuq.vwooda iamigtat or the mahton
*bf e qgdve- ar si,5 or gtoyqr; ad as for extflnMl

oaire at I1 imd irtinally, their folia t tenpdedngt St

~ ~ ~ ~ L K 4 ~AdMS 'i t&.~ 4 t I


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oiniiwaleK^X^^

AMS lag ftev Mv the period ofplmag )ty'mpeei erops covers weeks and months,
ao thtfuiftum exceptional cdrcamstamnce need not occur.
I'' potatote~ bes,, t"rl ph, sad all hardy or semi
'(t etpiat ish potato, pew, beea tunipe, cMbbage, an or semi-
a ;make hotbed pqiDg the a teder plants, such as melons,
Sg plants, eoW.; set t o uit and othertrees, and shrubbery.
Pjbrnur-Keep planting for a sMcce-o. wne as in January: in addition, plant
fiWed t'Yidi s, shrubbery, and' fruit trees of all kinds, especially of the citrus family,
iaslp bM' i, iosr; bed sweet ptatoes'for dat and slips. Oats may also be still sown,
as they are in previous months.
Mr&e-Corn, oats, and planting of Febraary may be continued; transplant toma-
toes, egg plants, melons, beans, and vines of all kinds; mulberries and blackberries are
aow ripening.
Ayrit-Plant as in March, except Irish potatoes, kohl rabi; turnips; continue to
transplant tomatoes, okra, egg plants; sow millet, nwr.w peqs, for fodder; plant
t h e b u tte r b e a n la d y p e a s ; d ig I ri s h .pO n .: ~ af j s bU .~ iui a d jy v e g e ts .
bMes should be plenty for table.- .
Mvay--Plant sweet potatoes for draws in beds; e atimp at~i goo for IMble;
-snap beans, 'peas and cucumbers ought tO be well forWrd f -e;coln e plting
okra, egg plants, pepper, and buttqebeans. ., c a g
June-e-The heavy planting of sw potatoea mo pdmwas ,i n, .In Wtritish
potatoes, tomatoes, and a great variety of table vegtblesl ow nwy n pq rtinsa,
early peaches, and grapes.
S July--Sweet potatoes and cow ra. asre safe to plant, the rainy, iruso bW favor-
able; grapes, peaches and figs are. in full season. Orange t-reesnba )'et out if the
season is wet. '' ,: /
August-Finish up planting sweet potatoes and cow pea' Bw ca bbage, olifower,
ttl*nis for fall planting; plant kohl rabi and rat bag, transplant t nar eti and
bud; last of month plant a few Ii 4"potatoes and bean, .
September-Now is the time to t~oDo eno for t the true winter gtrem, thmfardsn
which is commenced in the North i 4pril and Q .. Pla-t. th. hoer~ ~ef
vegetables except sweet potatoes seat onion p4I4i.
cober-Plant same as last month; lfit gardtutpa ; wu$*< Iaig
sweet potatoes; sow oats, rye, etc. : ..
Hoe ember-A good month for. ga utawe to pl ant a as
r October; sow oats, barley and fl tbrbiiter pasturage pr cdope 4tp me ;
house or bank them; miake sugar~ .......
"Dtr -lew up generally;' fence, ditch, manure, and sow and plant hardy vege-
tables; plant,'set out orange trees, fruit trees and shrubbery; keep a sharp look-out for
an occasional frost; a slight protection will pitvent injury.


*It willtbe sea from the abovethat there is no month in the year but what tra
wtsg vrgetabtles en be had for .dtend domestic use. ThBi latter is a large it
expp. o living. The soil is so eadl Forked, so easily caultWted, th --at4|
9*be46*;P mfed IVy even delicate ladies and young children of lSS *Mi
ded, mot Florida garens are so mader-no froa eolA to brek or tS.W4
'A ,tlmde one. put in coadtion, properly managed, will produce abunlda^
fl&tly, tpl4 ewth .auP' lsl .end leader vegegablu, afrly ** t~


hand

*mln-
.m .'






rA.
.4i]


..
/i -" a^


I y- ..


PRODUCTIONS.


tropical and tropical MtItd
and vegetables, asd tmot
of the best known att.
valuable medicinal and'
fibrous plants. We eahi
only briefly note the maik-
productions-a few of the
special kinds. Those in-
terested will 'of cdrse
make more extended Y-d
qu iries, and obtain dtailed
information. Many inad-
genous plants and roots'
6n1 -await the eablish-
meat of manufactOrled t
encourage the pltmttb


SI~


TIc


K-


B of the ,r w
S, whea mae ictared,
qrt comsmctal nT^e.

* i |


t *
Itrf- 1


d staple raised in te


m-ore or XS


'A
. l ,


The list at Ffl*t. tk
ductionzr itj gt& flt&d
varied "6fhe?,^ b
nearly all the WNft
fruits of tht taid;
Northern and 'Wabgeti,
states, and;, h 'aA#,fljfo
great variety of:i Si~P


-MrI I


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p 9


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i"


Clima,


S.i '


Soil and Productions.


Ure. Of course the land was thoroughly ppuegd ,well manured, and well cultivated.
*Orn here is planted from Tetbrtay to Apti, lowed at intervals, laid by in June and
^pNI *4q strJpped for fodder, and stalks with emrA, Ifn .-e4ld to be harvested at
nrAn,. way be cribbed in field in the shtok5 4pfp:/, om weather, or
i91Pg4 q corp .uib near the dwelling; jamue*kgd to lle or food. When
t4to Wak, it is fed in shuck. p One i i mnltiwate from
Wt l to forty acres, and as the time from nly from tour to
jrve.wpths, it leaves ample time' tdoe4 4t*we .tWK,
$itha ,.labor on same land. The. cor ii tlet
-WL in meal and hominy for 6io4, epueclMlM at f th., e Th.ei-fhre
pis been based to mee forty to #zxty taothe oidh arly ralid on the boj &itfztQjL4
ufiould, in comparing the relatifl proc eti&a oA *u4, t b/a a otad aolhtidaton
ceiapneos of land, number of.;ereshidc 4 beciw o b,.i4h llae tk.pmstkep~o,.
orpense of gathering, saving, houtirng, anda llb n t t"rnsport ion, and its .quy.
White is best for food. All things oonsided, coih b me .oUt mot useM ulai po
8ble crons to raise in Florida. .. -


-

Sea Island, or long cotton, is raised mostly fromtt swaone krlvertA te oceak,
and south or 1st. 80. The average product per ae 'fr;om $B i9b to 9p00, pu thoughh
it often exceeds double that. This species of to on raised e o th ands
bordering South Carolina, Georgia, and in Fkarti;n State raising over'. f the
total crop. The price"iauiges from 25 to $b ts. per'pound, though these are lantera
-who.eamdly get from 80 cts. to $1 per pound; but their cotton is exosiioall fine.
Short cotton is grown west of the raiwannee to tesmtesm.d northern boaBdrtles of
the State; it will average from- 200 to 500 poun t.flb rates with the best. Present prices rule low, in pmjarison with imme4We preceding
Sears bu .still, experienced planters make it a acropaad, being always a sur-
pimb6d crop, it is readily sold at gin or w- Cotton raising, lipwever, is
subet to oe r ; cold, rain, drouth or caterpti A en swaepe llt t Generaly
pa 4,t it is a saer, crop in Florida thman snywbem 1. 3W metlod 9ltidva-
tion, improvd seed, remedy for the etsrpillar, are adopted by the IinllIet t and
prudent planter, who js not subject to a lo$ 1 which oeamres, s N.:. .a6pyt7 have.
The metad of cultivation are simple, te cap iaelf'.ffordilf l4ngl teed every
bestfert iwr. N t aed.ia fllyseenty-ve to eighty per cent.of the cotton ihfSljed,
it is largely sold and eporud. From wte planting to the nal picking, eri'the
whole year Is rquir,.d. .


i' TH t &UGA G4NE.
There is no kind of doubt but. hat Plorida oth dh, is
adapted for growth of cane; the priest olo-ciT, t"
Frln614 DEngli, Spanishi, America, have grown ftsg wa s weather, atd' bse "cda cold, give a longer pdo
SDos Eaglbh .ocepetion many large plantations we opened,
br Uunied SBaes territory, there have be gverale large ii
a**r o.rth. wrl cato afiadMqpb.oup Bid
l I -.L' 4. -. 't e s ch. I + u.y.-,. .. 'a.l a' -. *" rA.


;pi* --:a

peculitriy *


-en-,-- --


lince


*


I L _:_ U~


I__ill _I


IY


_ C


I I




*s' A -^
A


&vint cjr~swat Fln*Js


eponts in sugar machinery has obviated the. seousity of.expensive, Wtnksaformeofy:
required, rendering it possible for the small as well as large planter to auJMctre
cheaply, as its cultivation is as easy as corn, and its immunity .from: nlIo!kt br
ordinary enemies to other vegetation, renders it a safe crop. : '


' l


RICE.


Rice, which constitutes the main food of thi
world, is raised here mostly for domestic use.
section of the State peculiarly adapted to'its
simple as any cereal.; usually drilled. and kept


e


=
-ty -.






r




* I-.







-t


great majority of the population of the
There are thousands of acres ip every
successful culture. Its cutltivation is ai
lear of weeds; 40 to 75 bushes ofrough
rice is a fair crop. Recent intro-
duction of improved rice machin-
ery, adapted for individual and
neighborhood use, will stimulate
increased production. Limited by
climate, rice will always prove a
remunerative crop. It is generally
supposed that rice is only success-
Sfully grown on low lands which
adjoin tide water, and can be over-
flowed at certain different stages of'
growth. It js true that the great
bulk of the crop is grown in this
way, but inland rice, or rice grown
inland when climate permits, has
long been cultivated in the South,
and of late years it has become one
r: of the staple crops in Louisiana. A
low, moist soil has generally been
Snlant~d novrfltwin ia nn t neenn ed


bI ut on any good land it is success-
fully cultivated. It has needed only
introduction of rice-cleaning ma-


A TAMPA SVZU IN JANUABY. chinery to make its cultivation unl-
versal in 'Florida. Quite recently
a company of practical business men has been formed, who are now putting up exten-
sive works, which will be able to receive and fppare all that may be raised. We look
upon rice as one of our great future staples, which will swell our exports hereafter.
Maturing earlier than in other States, Florida rice (new) has the advantage.


WHEAT,


RYE,


OATS.


.Wheat in the .northern .section of the State is -grown to some extent, but isa ot
pnediry sltud as regular crop. Rye, oats and buckwheatdo well, yielding under
proper oalttu fully as pail at at the North. Oats and rye are mostly sown earia S w.
fall, affodt4ag2 good winter pasturage; mature in earjy spring, and are not thraw.s,
being cr lfl .to ik in the straw. ,p .




a

* itt ON.EIb aon4 roehtions. 31


fatl equAlsAh'rbeut t imported. Bdors the war it was extensively and profitably culti-
vated;, mtosly sold to Germany, agents visiting the State to purchase. It requires
careft ttDltcm, will yield from 500 to 700 pounds to the acre, and sells for from 20 to
80 cents per pound. Latterly there is an increasing home and State demand by cigar
manufacturers, and the area of cultivation is extending.


THE


CITRUS


FAMILY.


'This includes the orange, lemon, lime, grape fruit, shaddock, citron, and similar
fruits; there are several varieties of each, and new varieties are produced from time
to titne, like other fruits. Under modern culture, superior size, flavor and color are
obtained. The general varieties of the orange are the sour, the sweet, and the bitter-
sweet. The sour and bitter-sweet are supposed to be indigenous, growing wild in the
forests. The orange, as also all of the same ttrily, orn be grown from the seed, graft-
ing, budding, and cuttings-this last not Mg safe as the other ways. All are rapid in
growth, annual and abundant bearers, loag-lived, eUas cUltivatd, hardy, and not as


subject to diseat
Budded, the
sixth or seventh
least 1,000 each.
still more than
and shaddock a
flavor; they are i


ie or


destruction as most trees,
I-


sweet orange will commence to bear te thirG-yepr; the seedling in the
year, increasing each euceeding year; at 18 to 20 years averaging at
The lemon is more prolific than the o lage, bearing earlier; the lime
the lemon; both, however, are more sensitive to frost. The grape fruit
re similar in shape to the orange, thafgh larger, and have a sub-acid
lot grown for extensive sale, yet many persons like the taste. The citron


is of two varieties, the Otdinary smooth skinned and the ribbed kind; both grow to a
large size, the latter being the species of commerce.


BANANA,


PINE


APPLE,. ETC.


In Southern Florida, the pine apple and baiana a ar-cetotally grown;, the fruit
is of a finer quality, and larger size, than, most impomted*ron m broad. The banana
plant is simply planted and let alone, maturing its fruit in from fifteen to eight en
* months; shedding its large leaves, it diea'down, and sends. .p suckers at its base, a
single one of which perpetuates the old stock. The others riy be replanted in new
places. Raw or cooked, as an article df food it is very nutatious, nd most people
esteem its taste and flavor. No fruit is more heatthy.
The pine apple is planted frdm the suckers or shoots of the matured fruit and
main stock; it is planted at about same distance and cultivated as corn. The guava, of
which there are several varieties in size, color and taste, is a rapid grower and an
abundant bearer. It fruits in two years from seed, is delicious as a table fruit whcn
ripe, and makes a superior marnnaladr, jelly and preserves. The sappodillo, paw-paw,
sugar-apple, tamarind, date, and other similar fruits, do well in South Florida. The
cocoa, especially, does well on the Gulf coast and Keys, producing extra-sized fruit.
PECAN.


This tree is valuable as a forest tree for its lu
is 'now being extensively planted, requiring o
tre '-Th ~cot is trifling. It bears in about ten 3
tet'sand graceful. It need not occupy land used
Shave set the pecanoI t so as to make a permanent


imber, a41] profitable for its fruit. It
nly the ordinary care of indigenous
)ears.from the seed, growtlg Atraight,
for cultivation. Some of our people
boundary line of th ga d.




srj'vr^R


r.*- ;rF* t
ar
4


K T~eiFloflds^ >


4. .4


PERSIMMON. i;
** ;II ; .
The persimmon is found wild in every section of the State. The.iftpat 1.tl
the natives, is agreeable to the taste, and, ripe or dry, la used,largely fpr tj'tble i,.
for home-made beer. Some Japan varieties are now being Introduced, which are said.
to be of very large size, and seedless. The Japanese esteem the persimmon as thbir
most valuable fruit.


JAPAN


PLUM.


The Japan plum has long been known and grown here C an ornamental tree. It
rivals the horse.chestnut, which it resembles in size and leaf. The fruit if.pear-ashped.
and grows in clusters; it is a beautiful creamy white, and has a peculiarly grateful
and cool, sub-acid test. .


POMEGRANATE.


Pomegranates are of two kinds-the sweet


and sour
age, and
ana fruit
the best.
a beautify
taste, in
The rind
also for d


. The bush is large, graceful in foil.
beautiful in pendant crimson flowers
. As an ornamental tree it is one of
The fleshy covering of the seed is
ul pink, and has a pleasant sub-acid
flavor not unlike the red currant.
is hitter, aa often used medicinally;
lotestic coloring ahd ink. -


PEAR,


APPLE,


ii

:1
A

!J
\I

r

i
I'

At
SI
4 *


QUINCE.


attains the size of. standard
.as at the North.
*


SApples are of the early varieties, ripening
in May and June. Pears do well. We hare
seen some grown here fully equal in size and
4avor to the Calita product. The Quince
apple tree; fruit large, but flavr not as pronounced


- PEACHES.


The peach is a sure tree here, beatin.two yoer from the'seed, and early vame-
ties of good size and flavor ripening in May, Jaune and July. The apricot and ne-e
tarine are also safe to cultivate. As yet, no disease has affected the trees, and they
retain their vigor and prolific bearing for nmay pyes.


GRAPM.


All of the American and foreign variiee ram.u Mly grown, ripening from Jaue i
November. Te Augustie grap Augustoled a che grape, calld; is a choice grape for eating or wilat.
S. he euppemoag ti~ dl it varieties is culthlted largely,,b>ing a rapid grower, ma
.a'ribt4 bebLt, Iong4ived, and needig bat little pruning or are. It is faond md
pf ttbe or fr wine. BlackEramburg sad Califoria MiMaol ti -




,-- irv '*u3T'' .rr I 'A 'E '-v-, -- --I



Its ClUmfte,*t w8i Prodpctions. 33^


tion, and it will become widely planted It commences to bear at about 10 years from
the seed, increasing yearly to the age of 80 years, bearing annually. They.are very
long-Mitfd,s6ma trees in Europe are known to be 800 years old, and show no signs of
detay. 'he fruit and oil are valuable as food and of commercial importance.

PLUMS.

Plums are found growing wild all over the State, many of good size and flavor;
where cultivated are much improved. The blqck cherry is also found wild, but the
tame, or cultivated cherry, does not seem to succeed, though we see no reason why it
should not, when fruits of similar habit grow well.


I




*





d *


A VYaw or PENSACOLA BAY Ix TuH WINTER.

BERRIES.

The low creeping blackberry, or dewberry, abounds in old fields and road-sides, and
ripens in April. The high bush, also found in same localities, ripens in June and July.
The huckleberry about the same time. All bear well, and can be had for the picking.
The improved kinds do well where tried.

STRAWBERRIES.

This queen of small fruit nowhere in the world finds a better location for culture;
plants put out in September fruit often in January, frequently in February, and may


A^^y '9"



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Sewsi Thrope i


qs.
I
'a


F~lwdi.


cultivators pick carefully, select and
Florida oranges, have earned a name. I
York and the Northern cities frtsh and c
always in advance of any other locality 1
prices, and the demand keeps pace with


pack honestly; and Florida sti -asb
3y using refrirators the fruit reIe
:op9, only about fbar daysfrom pickfSeimng
by soxpe weeks, the first shipment brinalartge
the supply.


PEA-NUTS.
: ,
This crop, from being an imported article, has of late years become a very large
one for export in several of the Southern States Florida-grown pea-nuts rank with the
best in quantity and quality of production. They are largely usea on,the farm as food
for swine. When this is done and the crop ripe, piggy feeds himself at will. Most
any soil is suitable for a root crop, and will produce liberally. Cultivation is simple and
cheap.


INWIGO,


CASTOR


BEAN, AND SILK.


The indigo plant is Slgenous in Florida; during the English occupation it was
extensively cultiwated manfactured, and exported; now it is occasionally made for
domestic use. The castor bean here attains the size of a tree often 80 feet high, grows
rapidly, and b-e largely; now only used for home purposes. Silk some years
ago attracted a good deal of attention, but is now only occasionally produced ,as a
patime. The different species of mulberry grow here to perfection h~opl root, cutting,
or graft; in leaf from March to October. In time, no doubt, tLh bpjtpis will become
a regular industry.


MELONS.


The. Northern man who has only seen the prize


melon, pumpkin, squash, and


other fruits of similar kind, i astounded at the size of Florida growth. It is no.rare
tsing to see water melons a large as a nail keg, weighing 70 pounds, muskmelons 20
to 80 pounds, .and pumpkins and squashes will often weigh 100 pounds. A water-
melon which does not weigh,'at the least, 5 pounds, is considered hardly saleable;
80 to 85 ponds i about the average of the water melon brought to market. Thoee
raised are of thb beet knotvarieties, and here the flavor seems more pleasant, and
the flesh more crsp and solid than elsewhere. The raising of them is not a matter of
much care; they are mostly found in the oora tch, whee they grow unseen and un.
cared for. Except where raied for shippwit N oAib, in resent y$ars, they are grown
by truckmen, who ship .by the car-load NotLba& WsW.t, thtebson for sending generally
commencing the last of May and centiniIp atil A uLt. Muskmelons also are of
large size, and delioofs osntaloup&, ai &i& -'easily indeedd vines of all kinds
saucceedwenD, tiemj warneabro.slS rln i growth>



SThis rop, as le of. isasnlua in all er households as ri


In tur mits s ss ^oil, cltiton -and n; o
o oldpa d p Itom Jne to h Augst, sad mh rin a ng. 1
10a0 tet of o oliraton. and mat dOua and Whirn Miadf


V
"
khi
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OMGwwra Si d


Prdsutctions.


I ,4' SISAL HEMP, RAMIE, JUTE.

A llrf ,the fibrous plant" gtowd iin warm latitLde are found here, most of them
SinSdiagMofs. .Some years ago the sisal hemp was largely grown, but the Indian war
. broke up the country where it was planted, and the cultivation has not been resumed.
In the many new industries awaiting development, these superior fibrous plants will
beass p lcminent.


0


ARROWROOT,


CASSAVA,


COMPTIE.


All these are indigenous, and, when cultivated, produce astonishingly. Florida
artowroot grades in quality and price with the beat Bermuda Cassava, from which
starch and tapioca are made. It attains great size. Comptie, the bread.root of the
Indians, grows without any cultivation. All of the above have only been grown for
domestic use for starch and for food,'and have limited sale in this and adjoining States.
The attention of Northern starch manufacturers has lately been drawn to them, and
Governor Sinclair, of New Hampshire, having tested the roots by actual experiments,
has introduced a pioneer factory. As either and all of these roots have from two to
four times the per centage of starch contained in the Irish potato, and can be grown
at same price, and manufactured 11 the year, we may look for a large business in this
industry.


*1^


V


r30(-w^Tqt'


. Y~., ..^ ,.
*F;l'` "tt
*f


I







Semi Tropical


Flod a;


NORTHERN


ENERGY--HOW


AFFECTED.


NE subject-that of the effect of our climate on
Northern energy-at first we thought we would not
dilate upon; but, on reflection, we will briefly
allude to it. Most Northern people believe that
our climate is oppressively warm in summer,
and also imagine that white persons can not
labor, either physically or mentally--or, at
least, do not; that the Southron has but little


ST indus
immig
activity
of .the
moderate
Snative-bo
,- ; migr amtj
field, work-shop, store, study, and office. We,
less people here, as elsewhere, who live and si
as the soil produces easily, and the climate is


desire to acquire a home and
more days profitably, than h<
ter, as a general rule, was a n
visit his fields of hundreds of
wJether medical, legal or cle


i competence can
es c anywhere els
nostindustrious p4
acres, and superih
rical, made jourp


settled country, in his calls. Surely the 8outh
either in developing the country agriculturally
United States, from the earliest colonies, the 8
given our country a name and fame at home a
only feasible but honorable.


try or energy, and that the Northern
rant soon loses his former ambition and
y. Now, we have given the temperature
seasons, which are conclusive as to the
heat, and we can confidnttl refer to the
rn citizens, and the earlie.and .later im-
as to continued, sustain" labor in te
jt is true, have a class of 4hdolat, shift-
absist easier than they can iA toe North,
p favorable. But the person who has a
work here in more comfort, amd employ
re. Even in the days of eslaery the plpn-
seron. Of necessity he had to rise early,
tend the laborers; the professional man,
eys of miles, more or less, in the sparsely
irn ma have not shown want of eergy,
borxItellectually. In thji~faoty of the
* t ,as not been wanting Lta ll that has
t abroad. Now, at least labor is sot


*--
-4'


HOW


TO


GET


TO


FLORIDA.


The annual travel for health, recreation and immigration fr6m the North, from the
West lad from the Eat, including the most distant *points on the Pacific and the Do-
minion of Canada, ha. become of such importance that various through and eomb*tfl
tion routes are open both from the West and the East, which enable tb immfigrrt*
macbh Florlda on the wart, middle, southern and eastern sfde, at Wler rt ,4 b .t
pf' *


II
I




~iF"^


Its Climate, &Sot cd 'Productions.


FOREIGN


AND


DOMESTIC


COMMERCE.


Florida possesses unusual facilities for commerce, both foreign and domestic. On the
Atlantic side there is the safe, capacious, deep harbor of Fernandina, which is connected
by water far into the interior of Georgia by the St. Marys river, navigable for the
largest vessels; also the Nassau harbor and river; and by an inland passage with the
St. Johns river, navigable by large-sized vessels for 200 miles and by smaller vessels
for over 500 miles, with its tributaries. The harbor at the mouth of the St. Johns river
is safe and large, and has sufficient depth of water for ordinary sea-going craft. St.
A 1rn eating ha auc f hna arhnr


for moderate-sized vessels and
usual Ocean steamers; and
Smyrna and Jupiter inlet
connect *ith Indian and
Halifax rivers, which run for
long distances. Farther
south are smaller ports, and
the Turtle harbor, deep, large,


and safe. The tel
the Great Southerh
proposed to be buil'
treme southern
Florida, is Key W
the best, if not the
in North America,
largest vessels find
safe approach at


:- .

.= -
nC


rminus


Railroad,
t atthe ex-
point of
est, one of
best port
where the
easy, and
all times,


shipping of
have ample
Gulf there is
bay running
id, Charlotte
, Cedar Keys,


St. Marks, Appalachicola, St.
Andrews and many interme-
diate harbors, the outlets of
bays and rivers running far


CzaneOs PAxuMrro HAxMOxa--S Bo FLOiDA. into the interior. To the ex-
treme west we have the mag-
nificent harbor of Penmacola, land-locked, large, and deep; 'the largest vessels of the
world can easily float to the city docks, Here the United States have a large navy-yard
and floating dry dock, Fort Pichens and Fort McCrea, both flrst-class in building and
equipment. Pensacola was early settled by the Spanish; it is a beautiful city, and a
place of extehslve commerce. It is connected with the North by railroads, and with
Gulf ports by steamers and veuels.. Its principal business now is the manufacture,


and where the
the world could
space. On the
Tampa, with its
80 miles inlan
harbor, Bayport,


*t i *
*




~. .-
tN
I r .


Semi


9Tropical PSworwa


nage, from European ports, may be seen by the hundreds loading


wharves.


in the bay and at the


This past season, cotton, coal, petroleum and Western produce have been


added to her exports, and it must soon become one of the largest exporting points frt


the South and West.


Aside from safety, easy approach,


depth of water, and being


unaffected by storms, Florida ports are never affected by ice, which is a serious draw-
back to all ports north of Delaware.


PORT


FERNANDINA.


Entrances and Clearances (Foreign), from May, 1878, to May, 1879.


Number of American vessels entered, 21; tonnage,
Foreign 12; "


American
Foreign


cleared, 28;


4,880
6,870
7,031
8,389


COASTWISE.


Number of vessels entered,


; tonnage,


- 123,641


cleared, 182;


119,548


statement


of Pft


rted from


Port of


Fernandina


, Florida, an.,


1878,


May,


1879.


Cotton; pounds, -
Cotton Seed, pounds,
Rosin, barrels,
Turpentine, gallons,
Sawed Lumber, feet,
Hewed "


136,217
1,042,490
13,8359
2,232,648


'value,


$ 29,884


086,70

.'79,968
185,055
6,8856


- 9,764,000


24,162


Total value,


- $877,207


PORT


.MAR


Entrances and Clearance, from May 1,
Number of foreign vessels entered, 50; tonnage,
S" cleared, 52; "


1878, to May 1,


1879.


07,400
18,115


COQASTflSb


Number of vessels entered, 46;
S." cleared, 44;


tonnage, -


14,840
13,760


Eafrts from Jh.aua-,.- 187 Ut6 May, 1879;


number, feet,
Itaia, fts ls, -
'Trpyati e, barrels,
, Ttal value,


*- *


$258,000
88,870
25,875
8817.748


, fk. A r V _


k,


q




* S^^FP^riT-^ "


It. CU


Uie-


S*il mnidtP% odtwftons.


'tiH ~ '


PORT OF


Lumber aM Shingles, domestic, feet,
4 foreign, "
Value at Jacksonville, .


Foreign exports,


JACKSONVILLE.


uEports and Imports by SB.


88,000,000
5,000,000
$885,000
22,000


Arrivals and Clearances.


Number of steamers,


arrived


,100; tonnage,


vessels


(foreign)


Total arrivals,


Number of steamers


Total tonnage,


cleared, 109


92,605
40,162
14,875

147,142
86,676
47,284
12,766

146,676


tonnage,


vessels


" (foreign)


Total clearances,


Total tonnage,


The above items were obtained from the Collector's office, but the records were not


kept at the office previous to the term of the present collector, and are not full.


As the


records of the


commerce


of Jacksonville


are only"


attainable


by application


individuals and officers of corporations, time has not permitted us to present even an


approximate estimate of its extent.


In a future edition we trust that such information will


be attainable.


That it


s large, is evident from the annual increase of steamship and


steamboat lines, and the regular as well as transient vessels which find constant and
profitable business in freight and travel.


P


- -.


m


m


__


*


*


S^T"


S




D I* 1


*' .^\
tj


Semi repical


Florida ;


EDUCATION.


The public school system of the State we have in former pages noticed, and we now
add more detailed information. The schools have increased nearly one-half in num-
bers, longer school terms are held, with increased enrollment and attendance, and more


and better qualified and efficient tee
their appropriation for schools. All ti
of the value of education on the part
Report we extract the following:
Schools, 992; children of school
36,961;. cost per pupil per year, 85 cts.


Lchers employed. Many counties have increased
uis is evidence of zeal in officers, and appreciation
of the people. From the State Superintendent's


age, 72,985;
to $7.99.


pupils enrolled, 86,964; attendance,


The school fund receives annually from the Peabody Fund, which is mostly appro-
priated to aiding schools of high grade and scholarship. High schools are established
in the larger cities, and graded schools where the number of pupils warrant it. Uni-
form and permanent text-books are being introduced, and improvements suggested by
experience are adopted. Beside the common schools, the State years ago established
two State seminarie--one at. Gainesville in East Florida, the other at Tallahassee, in
Middle Florida. The United States donated 85,714 acres of Jand to these seminaries.
About one-half .ha been sold, from which a fund of $98,000 has been realized, and the
income from it:is available fortbese.institutione. The lands donated to Florida by the
United States for an:Agricultural College have been sold,.and the funds invested, and
are accumulating. A small, portion has been expended in an unwise attempt to estab-
lish a College df Agriculture; When a judicious and well-considered plan shall be
adopted, the State will inaugurate a beneficent work. Besides the above free schools
there are first-class private schools in the cities, towns and country, where pupils are
taught by first-class teachers. Everything looks favorable for continued progress and
improvements in education in the State. the Freedman, as a general thing, is availing
himself of educational advantages, which is a hopeful sign of intelligence in that race
in future. The large class of hitherto uneducated white persons Is also feeling a deep
interest in schools. No tax is more willingly or cheerfully paid than the school tax.
h


CHURCHES.


PROTESTANT


Parilhes and Missibns, -
Clergy, -

CommnnianUt, -
Sunday School Teachers,
I" Schola. -


EPISCOPAL.

Ia T
------ 17


O




^' -w t


CtHmeA,


Sosl end Productions.


PRESBYTERIAN.


The Presbyterian denomination was quite large and increasing previous to the war,


but the changes of that period,
numbers and property. Many
impoverished. Since the war,
increasing.


as with other churches, seriously affected it, both in
of the most active had removed; all were more or less
though slowly, yet surely this church is recovering and


There are some 80 church buildings, 15 ministers, and 1,000 communicants; there
are two Presbyteries in the State.


~ ~ ~ -r r i- A
---


OBANxe Gaovu.


METHODIST


EPISCOPAL.


TheMethodist denomination in Florida, as inmost new and sparsely settled countries,


has the same zealous activity and unselfish preachers,
is one of the largest in numbers and character. Its sta


" going about doing good."
ktistics for 178 are as follows:


Preachers,
*Mqmbers,
; harch property,


aI


9,158
*108,715.


The above has reference only to the Methodist Episcopal Church (South), white.


" I







. 4


&Smi


- Tropical


'PlorW4


MASONRY


FLORIDA.


We have obtained


from Grand Secretary


D. C. Dawkins, who ,is o mJfPgor


General (88d D), the following:
Number of Grand Lodges,
(" Councils,
t" Commanderies, -
Lodges of Perfection,
Lodges, .
Members, -


This, 1879, is the 50th year of the Grand Lodge in Florida.


* *,I


- .


- -sp'


. '0 a
.,0*


The institution here


has always embraced our very best citizens, sad extreme care and scrutiny pervades all


lodges in accepting candidates;


and many father "


from distant parts,4 coming


here, has had reason to be grateful for esymyath and assistance "lom 0brotpl>e
Lodges ar6 to be found in every county, and re increasiiig as fast a 1popuh


advances.


Most have buildings of their own in which to hold meetings.


FLORIDA


NEWSPAPER-S.


The following is
Address of each:


a list of the Twmianper. printed in Florldas $tb Port Q


Clear Water Times -
Cedar Keys Journal, .
Daily Florida Union, .
Daily Sun and Press, .,
Daily Breeze, -
Expositor -
East Florida Bannet, e .. -. .
Florlda A ricturlst, entirely devoted to ulturl nte t
Flrorida Mirror, .
Fernandina Express, .
Florida Citizen, -. : -


Florida Press,
Floridian Weekly,
Gainesville Sun,


Gainesville Timese


Key West
Ke of the
Lake OLt

Montlcelb
Xeadata'd
Y~tlf~rPfiB


Vidette,
cGlf,


0wtte,


Addvau


t % 'a


iCe, C

4- -
AdWf, '*-;'**
f ^ I i h ^ -* ;
-_,jayJ^ .^ ,'


AI\\


* 'awv
*. ry:





v




---,rH "- *'- 7t -W ... ', ; ,.
a


Cimo;I Stoil and Prodvtfions.


GENERAL


REMARKS.


Being Vimited both as to time and space, we have been able only briefly to notice
the important salient points of the State, and many features have been passed over; for
instance, in most of 'the counties there are streams and lakes which afford ample and
cheap water-power for mills and manufactories. In some counties, especially the
middle and western, they are frequent and constant, and conveniently distributed.
Most of the Spanish grants were made on condition that mills should be erected, and,
as the maps show, they are situated in most sections. Again, we would have desired
to take each county separately, and give a detailed description of boundaries, soil,
S*timber, topography, popu-
lation, situation and adap-
tability for special and
general productions. We


should like to
a description
cattle ranges
Florida, where
of stock range
will through


have given
of the vast
of South
e thousands
and feed at
the whole


year, with no care but the
annual "branding," and
herding and driving when
to be sold for export.
Then there are the exten-
sie fishing grounds of
over twelve hundred miles
of coast and a many more
miles-of sounds, bays and
rers, which abound in
the. best species of ishe
and shell-flshof superior
quality, found nowhere
else. The red fish (snap-
pde), bases, trout, mullet,
Gnarwr on o=SPSr. pompino; shad, Spanish
p, mackerel, the green turtle,
qats%, OSns and Abimp,as yet are abundant. Fresh-water fish, such p trout, basu,
tec., are found in every stream and lake and pond. Wld game,
deer and e roam the woods and plain; the tortoise family rweuent
and rabbit are met with in all;directio$; birds of plumage and
bird, and pink curlew, are common; the robin, dove and quail
port. We should have desred to note the heavy timberd Gulfp c
me. tarl g lands Ws t orlgin mettld and ed, o
bM~tati, ndustdrtou 5arlling fe,$ilq 4>
t n th& war the .tae plan ,. A


-4i?- -.




'* **V ."~r !'.-. r *-


I
4+


Semi- Tropical Flo~Tw a; ^9iteQ matittCf:T
------------t, ~ ~''' J U ni 1-


and swamps; they were originally settled by the earlier Spanish, French and English
colonists, later, by immigration from adjoining Southern States, and still later, by both
Northern and Southern immigrants, whose main purpose is cultivation o fru it
We hope, in the subsequent publications from this Bureau, to give complete and full
information of each and all sections of the State, and, with our present arrangements
for personal inquiry, and reliable and intelligent agents and correspoidZnt t6bnta n
and give such detailed information that we can present a comprehensive e iM' wtihidh
will enable those from abroad, as well as at home, to familiarize themselves with
Florida.


THE


YELLOW


FEVER.


Our Commissioner is in receipt of many letters from the North making inqul4jp
as to the above much-dreaded disease. There seems to be a prevalent idea that yellow
fever is not only a frequent but widely spread 'disease over the whole South. 0fo9,


while we frankly
at the South, yet
demic, and with
Gulf and Atlantic
In Jacksonville, ii
yellow fever, and


say that this fearful epidemic has at long intervals raged m ne 4tn
in Florida there have been but few places where it has been an epr
the exception of Jacksonville, Gainesville and Callahan, always at
ports, in every instance brought by vessels, name and time knows
n 1857, it was not very fatal; in 1877, out of many cases, but few wtrt
of those but a small per cent. resulted in death. The sanitary cop4it


tion of these places was not good, and afforded conditions favorable to its development
Jacksonville is now introducing an extensive system of waterworks, sewerage tid
other sanitary improvements, which, when completed, will, with its natural topopg
cal features, insure immunity from all malarial or typhoid diseases. In 1877 whe
the disease prevailed to some degree in Callahan-a station some twenty i f
Fernandina-taken there by refugees from Fernandina, and also at Gainesevle, )m.l,&9


of same road, fifty miles distant from Cedar Keys, on the Gulf. With the excepiop of
the above two places, and of that year, no yellow fever has ever -been known in any
inland town or interior place in the State. In fact, on every occqtion when disease has
prevailed at the ocean and gulf ports, citizens have removed to points in the 0trior.
Inland towns have freely invited and welcomed them from the i1d*cted districts. In
no place so resorted td has yellow fever occurred-a fact which should asunre O&lit&
at points in the interior, whether near or distant from infected place, eve$$bhotl h ft
connection by railroad, danger is not to be apprehended. The recent qu~i tine regu-
lations, national, State and municipal, being rigid, and separated from a4y party favor
or patronage, will be carried out carefully; and this, with the increased attention, bot
private and public, to domestic and public sanitary measures, will no doubt prempat it
importation and spread of disease.


4 *^' *t. r ,'


ram Ba w fern.w 4 .H gj Mg pomphn to he ilUud Jasw^ 1,1890.
rib. NwMa. (wvS Mop qf ta tI ilormai rardf
it rtfu*i~ u~i tAit 4n. it s>raW at^ M&ul IAiL*^^


O.


. -, -^ r


/B


I


. *


1 I1 -i n. -- -- -- -


I_ _




,_.


OF


4-$ --- FROM SOME


.PASSAGE


POiTTS


--TO


JA


CKSO NVI


LjLE,


FLA.


MAY Slst, 1879.


York Oity...
lelphia, Pa...


Baltimore, Md..
Washington, D.
Boston, all Rail
SBoston, Sound,
Richmond, Va.
Chicago, Ill. ...
Cleveland, o....
Detroit, Mich...
Toledo, 0. .....
St. Louis, Mo...
Oinoinnal, 0. .
Columbus, O..
-A '.


isaap o ib, Ind..
Louts ville, Ky....
Evansville, Ind...
C iro, Il.......
Terre Haute, Ind..
Maville, Tenn...
Maph, Tenn...
St. Pul, Minn.. .
Milwauke, Wis..
New Orletia. La.


* .. a


iS .. .. a. .. ... .. S S 9


- .N.^


from New


Yori


k ... .


* S 9* *
S. .*


*. a a. a.. .
.. ... ..Sa


.. ......*...:... .. S


* a a .9 9 C t S S S S C C S S


*S. aa..a.. .. S .* S 9'.


* 59. 9 9 *. .
. .. ... .. .. a
* .....S....5S ........*9


* *
* *


. . 9. 9 ....


FIBST CLASS.
Limited.


$33.40
31.90


30.
29.
40.
36.
29.
39.
41.
42.
40.
36.
34.
38.
34.
30.
30.
31.
.33.
25.
27.
64.
42.
28.
27.


EMIGRANT.


* .. S 9 a
* a 9 9 9 a S a
* 9 S 9 5 9 a S
* 9 t a a a *
S. .S *. S S a a a .
* 5 9* S S 9 9 5 *


29.
28.
31.
28.
24.
24.
28.
27.
20.
21.


47.10
34.85


* 9*


S a a.


S C S S S 55 be.


b
Ii
*P-A
,


-FROM--


New
Philac


.I i~T '


I


I









To


and


Frotn


l oridi


eamships


and


from


Jac


\onyW


Sailing


every


Friday


at 3 P


from


Pier


*20,


East


River, New


York.


Sailing


every


Thursday


from


Jacksonville.


Conneotio


Boat
waha


for p
river


made


points <
s, and


at
the


Jato
St.


onville


John


with


and


by the Florida Central


X.9.


WITH


ALL


INTERIOR


POINTS.


Third


AGKSONV


belong


the


only


Line


running


OUn


Offers superior advantages to Passengers and shippers of Freight.


To persons presenting orders


of the


Commissioner


of Im-


migration of


Florida,


we will furnish


Passnper


ckets


Jacksonville


$20


First-clm

STERE,


Liberal .Reduction


made


Freight.


Pull Ltrwtioc Airtabed _upon .a Mtlon to
< ^ 'T; V


knitr


a


-H-


- .
*- -'w-ri 1
.t.- aii"
.A-/ ;t
tT : ~'" 1.


U anJ


I- Si


- -


On


mAm p


<; *I 'V
*
*-A".;


I


'-


MMZWWWJ


. M.,


t fiL




^'t~ & l '
."lt *' '*;: -


/' '
' if.


I rLf'lftSNplT y T
E r-f 1^


n'CES.t,


S. It.


MALLORY


OaEwlCC


ON


CO.,
THE


AGENTS,


PIER.


SI r


RIGHT


RATES.


New York, June let, 1879.


Barrel floor .....
Half bbl. Flour ..
ug .~5~Sak ....
-~a ....
fl~3S!L'
-ZL~21y- ::


per bbl.


... .a..


..-... a .,.... ... -.


..... ..............per bbl.
,..... ..:.....p! pIbs.
................. per bbL
...............per bbl.
trapped ..........per t.1
, Ink, Mastaerd, l0 a,
>d Milk, Pepper, march,
Crackers, ,ordals, Mac-
S.... ....... ....... each


45





40


M
4p


75
45
156


REGULAR


PASSAGE


RATES


FIRST OLA88.


From NdEW YORK to
Archer....................*$.0
Aucilta....;................ .50
Beecher .... ............... 1..00
Baford................... fl;O0
Blue 8pringe .............. .00
Bromws. ................. M.T5
"BrnswicLk ................ .00
Oedar Key............. 8.40
Chattahoochee.. .......... 8.80
Cabbege Bluff......... .. ..... 31.0'
Drayton Island.... .. .... 2M.00
Unterprlae .... ... .... ... 8.O
Foderld Point.............. .0
Iernandina........ ...... 3.00
OGainevtill.... ........... 3 GO
reen Oave Springu ....... 3M.00
Georpg Iwn ............... 3W.00
lbelrns ....... .......... 9M.00
aawklasville ......... .... .OOT.@
JackLuvllle .............. I$.00-
Lae City ........ ......... 3.00.
Live Oc................... M.M
Lloydl.......... .......... .25
Maison ...... ...... ......... W .
Manlla......... ......... 37.0U
Mi rn.. .. .. . .... .g00
Monticello ..... .... .... ... ..
Moant Bo al............... M.
Mellonvlle ............... .00
Orange Bla ............... 37.00
Plco tta....... ........... K,
Pflatka................... 3.0O
Port Royal ............,... 0o.0
Qninoj .................... 81 ,
Bouwood ................. W17 .
1.n Mato................ tt O
1S ford.............. .... B.O
Satnt Mark............... U.qS
Sanat A guatine.........,. I.
SlvperT ngl............ 81f,

lkol. v ........... ........ .<
Ioerta................... ..
Wdo...................... O ..

Wgltkt.................... aB.O,


-"0--


UnrrS tok, Loal. sad RaJroe
rdlhtf l~lM tha Cfat.


I "' I~.I


I


I:''


I




V~;W-.V"


* "rd


Comprising Twelve of the Larged Steamers (belonglg to'one Company) In the Atlantic PLssenger e

THE MAGNIFICENT, FULL-POWERED BRITISH IRON SCREW STEAMSHIPS,
ARE INTENDED TO SAIL FROM


LIVElRPOOL


TO


NEW


YO


Every Wednesday, from QUEENSTOWN the following day, and from


LO DON


TO


EW


YOR


Every


Wednesday.


From NEW YORK to LIVERPOOL
and NEW YORK to LONDON


every
every


Saturday, calling at QUEENSTOWN,
Wednesday.


PAISAGO BAHTX, WEHN PAID IN GREAT BRITAIN ARE


SALOON FARES TO NEW YORK,


According to the position of State Room, all having


12 AND


same


privileges in the Saloon.


Return Tickets, 24 and 22 Guineas.


A Liberal Table supplied


Child


for these rates, except W
Steward's


iren under 12 years, Half Fare. Infants Free.
'ines and Liquors, which may be obtained on board,-
Fee includes.


Berths may be secured on deposit of 5, the balance to be paid the day before sal
allowed 90 cubic feet for luggage, free to go on board with the Passengers in the
of sailing.
'8TEERAGE PASSAGU, to or from New York, Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore,


Children undeo 8 years, 3 Os.


Infants under 1 year, 1 le.


lng. Each adult li
Tender on the.day
S te:00.


Being six shillings lees than aoat Liam.


Passages can be engaged on deposit of One Pound on each berth. Postomflce Orders or Bank Drafw
to be made payable to the undersigned, with particulars of name, age and occupation of each passenger.

X L .O R=-ID*.A..
Paeerglen booked from all aprt of Enland. Ireland. Beeut smad Wal-e, and the Cetteat er Eunwe
to mew York. Themey "Mail. Line" to Fermudflaa and J aksemvtlle, at whiek pert. it
Florida direct eontom e m s de with tie Flortd Centeral., mtd aeksovllUe. Perimeel
& Mobile R'yr. sad the Atlatle. Gulf & West India Tralt Ce.'s R. i te all
CITIES AND TOWN IN THE 8TATU OF FLORIDA, theus.e *-l
up to lnteadlng Ehtlgnt the net Aerrlltaral, Frufl
Berry mad te, Retala d4tlets, nowhere
equaled In Amerle.
Steerage Passengers, on their arrival at New York, will be landed at the Government Depot, Cantle
Garden, which Institution was established to prevent Passengers being imposed upon on their arrival,
and where they can buy Tickets for, and receive every information respecting the departure of Trains,
Steamboats, etc.
STEERAGE BILL OF FARE.-Abundance of provisions supplied, all of the best quality,.and
which are examined and put on board under the inspection of Her Majesty's Emigration Ofcers, and
cooked and sernd out by the Company's servants three times daily.
BEDDING.-Every Passenger will be provided with a comfortable berth to sleep in, each grown-up
jpereon having a separate berth; the Steerage Passengers will have to provide themselves with bieds bed-
ding and towels, as also a knife and fork each, one tablespoon, one teaspoon, one tin plate, and one
drinking can, which can be purchased for a few shillings in Liverpool, Queenstown or London.
LUCT AGE.-Ten cablc feet allowed for luggage for Steerage, and twenty feet for Saloon Passengers:
over.that quantity a charge of Is. for each cubl oqt will be made. Steerage Passengers must have their
Juggage ready to go on board the steamer on the day preceding the day of sailing.
-BERTHING.-Married couples and their young children are lerthed together. Single females are
Placed in rooms by themselves under charge of a stewardess.
All Passengers are liable to be rejected by. the captain of the ship, who, upon examination, are found
to be lunatic,idiot, deaf, dumb, blind, maimed or infirm, or above the age of 60 years, or widow with a
.child or children, or any woman without a husband and with a child or children, or who from sickness or
.disease existing at the time of departure are likely soon to become a public charge.
All Steerage Passengers embarking at Liverpool must be at the Offce of the Company .S WA. a
rnTBrr, LIVnrPOOL, not later than 6 p. m. on the day before the advertised date of sailing, before which
lime the balance of -the passage money must be paid, or the deposit forfeited. Passengers embarking at
Lonpn- to pay balance of passage mbney to IMITH, SUlDIUS & CO., 8 Gracechurch Street, before
All Steerae Psasengere embarking at Queenatown muot be at the Offic of tthe Agents (N. AJ.
CUMMINf A BROS.,) not later than 6 o'clock on the evening of the day before ailing, when the .
of the a money mnat be paid, or the _dpodt forfeitd. In order to meet the requiremet te
Goverm mnt nmtIn tion Ofcer, Contract TicU will be iueed for the day previous to th.pdnf-t-ed
ANt O5WJImJ D ShOO00N IS A'IPACRED TO EACH STEAMER.


b5 UINEAS,


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