<%BANNER%>
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 Front Cover
 Field block locations
 Agenda
 Table of Contents
 Introduction
 History of the Gulf Coast Research...
 Gulf Coast Research and Education...
 Vegetable crop improvement
 Vegetable crop protection
 Vegetable crop production
 Acknowledgement
 Back Cover


FLAG IFAS PALMM



Vegetable field day
ALL VOLUMES CITATION SEARCH THUMBNAILS PAGE IMAGE ZOOMABLE
Full Citation
STANDARD VIEW MARC VIEW
Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00054244/00013
 Material Information
Title: Vegetable field day
Series Title: Bradenton GCREC research report
Physical Description: v. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.
Language: English
Creator: University of Florida -- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Agricultural Research & Education Center (Bradenton, Fla.)
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (Bradenton, Fla.)
Publisher: University of Florida.
Place of Publication: Gainesville Fla
Creation Date: 1999
Frequency: annual
regular
 Subjects
Subjects / Keywords: Plants, Cultivated -- Field experiments -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Plants, Protection of -- Research -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Vegetables -- Diseases and pests -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Vegetables -- Varieties -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Genre: government publication (state, provincial, terriorial, dependent)   ( marcgt )
serial   ( sobekcm )
 Notes
General Note: Description based on: 30th (1973); title from caption.
General Note: Latest issue consulted: 43rd (1999).
Funding: Florida Historical Agriculture and Rural Life
 Record Information
Source Institution: Marston Science Library, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida
Holding Location: Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and the Engineering and Industrial Experiment Station; Institute for Food and Agricultural Services (IFAS), University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: oclc - 62706005
lccn - 2005229077
System ID: UF00054244:00013

Table of Contents
    Front Cover
        Front Cover
    Field block locations
        Page i
    Agenda
        Page ii
    Table of Contents
        Page iii
    Introduction
        Page 1
    History of the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center
        Page 2
    Gulf Coast Research and Education Center personnel
        Page 3
        Page 4
        Page 5
        Page 6
        Page 7
    Vegetable crop improvement
        Page 8
        Page 9
        Page 10
        Page 11
        Page 12
        Page 13
        Page 14
        Page 15
        Page 16
        Page 17
        Page 18
        Page 19
        Page 20
        Page 21
        Page 22
        Page 23
        Page 24
        Page 25
        Page 26
        Page 27
    Vegetable crop protection
        Page 28
        Page 29
        Page 30
        Page 31
        Page 32
        Page 33
        Page 34
        Page 35
        Page 36
        Page 37
        Page 38
        Page 39
        Page 40
        Page 41
        Page 42
        Page 43
        Page 44
        Page 45
        Page 46
        Page 47
        Page 48
        Page 49
        Page 50
        Page 51
    Vegetable crop production
        Page 52
        Page 53
        Page 54
        Page 55
        Page 56
        Page 57
        Page 58
        Page 59
        Page 60
        Page 61
        Page 62
        Page 63
        Page 64
        Page 65
        Page 66
        Page 67
    Acknowledgement
        Page 68
        Page 69
        Page 70
        Page 71
        Page 72
    Back Cover
        Back Cover
Full Text
100
ICT 00 3 2000
lWRST SCITSC LIBRARY
Gc Bradenton GCREC Research ReportBRA 1999-3
92-3








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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
Gulf Coast Research & Education Center Bradenton
5007 60th Street East
Bradenton, FL 34203

43rd VEGETABLE FIELD DAY
Tuesday, 18 May 1999
00000000000000000000000000000000000000000>0>< 000<0000>0 0 000 0

Field Day Coordinator: Don Maynard
Moderator: Don Maynard


AM 8:15

9:00

9:10



9:30

11:00

PM 12:30

1:30


Registration

Welcome Comments Ed Hanlon, Interim Center Director

The Complementary Relationship between Agricultural
Research and Extension Dr. Christine T. Waddill, Dean
and Director of the Florida Cooperative Extension Service

First Tour (Choice of Tour 1, 2, or 3)

Second Tour (choice of Tour 1, 2, or 3)

LUNCH

Faculty with be available for individual discussions


Three tours will be available:


(1) Vegetable Crop Improvement
(2) Vegetable Crop Protection
(3) Vegetable Crop Production
and Variety Evaluation


For individuals with disabilities requiring special accommodations, please contact Dr. Don Maynard at the
above address (941/751-7636) within 72 hours prior to the field day so that proper consideration may be
given to the request.









TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1

History of GCREC Bradenton ............................................................................. 2

List of Program Leaders ....................................................................................... 3

Support Staff....................................................................................................... 5

Tour 1: Vegetable Crop Improvement ..................................................... 8

Tour 2: Vegetable Crop Protection ....................................................... 28

Tour 3: Vegetable Crop Production and Variety Evaluation ..................... 52

Acknowledgement/Grantors ............................................................................... 68








INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center on behalf of our
faculty and staff. This Center is comprised of the Bradenton and Dover
facilities, and is a part of the University of Florida's Institute of Food and
Agricultural Sciences. This location was established in 1925 as the Tomato Disease
Laboratory (a one-faculty facility in Palmetto). The first ornamental programs began in
1942.
In 1999, our faculty members include one grant-supported scientist and 14 state
research and extension specialists from selected disciplines who participate in all
phases of vegetable and ornamental horticulture. This interdisciplinary team approach
is an effective means of using public resources to generate needed information for
making wise decisions concerning production and crop protection strategies.
The primary mission of the Gulf Coast REC at Bradenton and Dover is:
To develop and disseminate new scientific knowledge and technology regarding
commercial ornamental, strawberry, and vegetable crops allowing Florida agriculture
to remain efficient and economically competitive with other regions of the world.
To function as an integral part of the Cooperative Extension Service, IFAS campus
departments, and other research centers with extension, undergraduate and graduate
student training, and cooperative research for the benefit of Florida's consumers,
producers, and students.
Active Programmatic Areas:
1. Genetics, plant breeding, and variety development/evaluation, with special emphasis on
tomato, strawberry, tropical pumpkin, caladium, gladiolus, and other flower crops.
2. Integrated biological, chemical, and cultural pest management in entomology,
nematology, mycology, virology, and weed science.
3. Soil and water management and natural resource protection.
4. Production, culture, management, and pre- and postharvest physiology of ornamental,
strawberry, and vegetable crops.
5. Leadership in floriculture and vegetable crop management for state extension programs
in southwest Florida.
6. Graduate student training and special undergraduate courses.
7. Advancement of fundamental knowledge of disciplines represented by faculty.
Information presented in this publication summarizes our active research projects
dealing with vegetable crops. We sincerely appreciate your interest and support of
these research programs, and continuously solicit your suggestions for improvement of
our research and extension programs.



Ed Hanlon









HISTORY OF THE GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER

The Gulf Coast Research and Education Center originated in the fall of 1925 with the construction
of the Tomato Disease Laboratory.

Tomato Disease Laboratory: A 20 acre tract of Manatee County-owned property in Palmetto was
made available with the cooperation of the Manatee Board of County Commissioners. Operational
and construction money and equipment were supplied by local growers. The primary objective of
the laboratory was to formulate a control ofnailhead spot of tomato. Later studies emphasized the
breeding for resistance to Fusarium wilt and the control of tobacco mosaic in tomatoes. In 1937,
with expansion of the vegetable industry in Manatee County and surrounding areas, the State
Legislature authorized new facilities for the research program.

Vegetable Crops Laboratory: In August, 1938, the Manatee County Commissioners donated 80%
of the purchase price of a 106 acre tract in east Bradenton. The expanded facility and diversified
vegetable crop research led to the establishment of the Vegetable Crops Laboratory. Following this
relocation, horticultural, entomological, and soil studies were initiated on tomatoes, peppers, lettuce,
sweet corn, and other vegetables. Since the laboratory was located in a region where gladiolus was
grown for winter flowers, the scope of the laboratory was broadened in 1942 to include disease
problems confronting gladiolus growers.

Gulf Coast Experiment Station: In March, 1957, the State Board of control elevated the status of
the Vegetable Crops Laboratory to a branch station and renamed it The Gulf Coast Experiment
Station. Investigations were begun on chemical weed control, nematodes, and other soil-borne pests.
In 1954, the ornamental program was broadened to include chrysanthemums and other commercial
cut-flowers. In 1959, a 200 acre tract was acquired 8 miles east of Bradenton along State Road 70
and the Caruso Road. All of the vegetable experimental field programs were moved to this new
location.

In 1965, after construction of office and laboratory facilities, farm buildings, greenhouses, and a
residence, all research programs were conducted on this new farm.

Agricultural Research & Education Center Bradenton: In 1971, the Gulf Coast Experiment
Station was renamed Agricultural Research and Education Center to emphasize the programs of both
research and education.

Gulf Coast Research & Education Center: In 1984, to reflect the regionality of the research and
education programs at Bradenton, IFAS and the State Board of Regents renamed the center the Gulf
Coast Research and Education Center.

Current programs are in progress and production problems associated with vegetables and
ornamentals and strawberries grown on the sandy soil of Florida.

The Gulf Coast Research and Education Center has administrative and research supervision over a
satellite station, GCREC-Dover (formerly the Strawberry and Vegetable Field Laboratory). The
Dover station is the hub of strawberry research in Florida, including breeding, horticultural, and
pathological studies.









GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER
BRADENTON, FLORIDA

Program Leaders. Appointment Date, and Area of Specialization

Michelle L. Bell 1997. Assistant Professor. Environmental Horticulturist, Extension
Floriculture Specialist

Alexander A. Csizinszky 1976. Associate Professor. Production systems, crop management
and post-harvest studies on vegetable crops.

David Dunigan 1998. Postdoctoral Research Scientist. Techniques for testing and
producing certified disease-free strawberry plant propagation
material.

Joseph Flaherty 1998. Assistant-In Plant Pathology. Ecology of bacterial pathogens
of ornamental and vegetable crops.

James P. Gilreath 1981. Associate Professor. Weed control of vegetable and
ornamental crops.

Edward A. Hanlon. 1999. Interim Center Director.

Brent K. Harbaugh 1975. Professor. Production, harvesting and marketing ysstems for
ornamental crops.

Donald N. Maynard 1985. Professor. Extension educational programs and research on
vegetable crops.

Robert J. McGovern 1996. Associate Professor. Etiology and control of diseases of
ornamental crops.

Jane E. Polston 1991. Associate Professor. Ecology and control of viral diseases of
vegetables and ornamentals.

James F. Price 1978. Associate Professor. Identification, biology and control of
insects and mites of ornamental and strawberry crops.

David J. Schuster 1975. Professor. Identification, biology and control of insects and
mites of vegetable crops.

John W. Scott 1981. Professor. Tomato cultivar development and genetics.

Craig D. Stanley 1979. Professor. Soil-water relations for ornamental and vegetable
crops.









Gary J. Wilfret


1969. Professor. Breeding and development of new cultivars of cut
flowers and other ornamental crops.


Gulf Coast Research and Education Center-Dover, Florida

Craig K. Chandler 1987. Associate Professor. Strawberry breeding and development of
new varieties of strawberry.

Daniel E. Legard 1995. Assistant Professor. Etiology and control of strawberry and
vegetable diseases.


Emeritus Faculty Gulf Coast Research and Education Center

Earl E. Albregts 1967. Professor. Production, soil and plant nutrition of strawberry
and vegetable crops.

Donald S. Burgis 1946. Professor. Vegetable production, weed control and growth
regulators.

Arthur W. Engelhard 1966. Professor. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental
crops.

C.M. Geraldson 1951. Professor. Etiology and control of diseases ofvegetable crops.

A.J. Overman 1945. Professor. Etiology and control of nematode-incited diseases
of ornamentals and vegetables.

George A. Marlowe, Jr. 1976. Professor. Physiological and nutritional disorders and diseases
of vegetables and ornamental crops.

Willie E. Waters 1960. Professor. Administration, soil and plant nutrition, and
ornamental horticulture.


Max Beeler

Frederick Snyder


Administrative and Professional Staff

Coordinator, Research Programs/Services

Business Manager









University Support Personnel


Office Staff:


Nancy Kost
Tracey Revels
Barbara Daniels
Debbie Smelser
Patricia McClain


Program Assistant
Sr. Word Processing Operator
Accountant
Sr. Fiscal Assistant
Sr. Secretary


Richard Thomas
Donald Ness
Todd Test
John Lehman
Kathy Wood


Engineer
Maintenance Specialist
Maintenance Mechanic
Carpenter
Agricultural Assistant


Mark Knowles
Lamar Parrish
Joyce Jones
David Myers
Hector Ortiz
Ray Ballard
Cindy Friedline
Vickie Madden


Farm Supervisor
Sr. Agricultural Assistant
Sr. Agricultural Assistant
Sr. Agricultural Assistant
Agricultural Assistant
Agricultural Assistant
Agricultural Assistant
Agricultural Assistant


Agricultural & Engineering Assistant Staff:


Brian Neumann
Richard Hyatt
Brian French


Engineering Assistant
Sr. Agricultural Assistant
Sr. Agricultural Assistant


Service Staff:


Farm Operations Staff:









Technical Staff:


Renata Zalewski
Kevin Hearne
John Hogue
Richard Kelly
Curtis Nagle
Karen Pearce
Teresa Seijo
Emily Vasquez
Nancy West
Audrey Wittman
Guillermo Alverio
Chris Patte
Deena Combs
Blythe McLaughlin
Dasha Taborsky
Jan Watson
Tim Davis
Tracy Sherwood

GCREC Dover Staff:


James Sumler, Jr.
Kelly Burke
Chang-Lin Xiau
James Mertely
Larry Smith
Frederick Wenzel
Terasa Sirmans


Chemist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Lab Technician
Lab Technician
Lab Technician
Lab Technician


Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Biological Scientist
Sr. Biological Scientist
Farm Supervisor
Senior Agricultural Assistant
Agricultural Assistant




























































7









TOUR 1 VEGETABLE CROP IMPROVEMENT


Page Topic

10 Hybrid Bush Tropical Pumpkin Evaluation

11 Cantaloupe Variety Evaluation

13 Diploid Watermelon Variety Evaluation

15 Triploid Watermelon Variety Evaluation

17 Breeding Tomatoes for Horticultural Traits

19 Advanced Tomato Inbred Trial

21 Tomato Flavor Quality

22 Crimson Tomato Hybrid Trial

23 Tomato Releases 20" Century

25 Tomato Variety Evaluations




























































9









HYBRID BUSH TROPICAL PUMPKIN EVALUATION


D. N. MAYNARD


Location: Block J, Land 5


To select hybrid bush tropical pumpkins for possible release.


TP241 X TP411-1
TP241 X TP413
C42-1-9 X LaPrimera
C42-1-9 X LaSegunda
G38-2-15 X LaSegunda
G38-2-22 X Seminole
G38-2-28 X LaPrimera
G38-2-28 X LaSegunda
G38-2-33 X LaSegunda
G38-2-33 X Soler
G38-2-45 X LaPrimera
G38-2-45 X Soler
G38-2-47 X Seminole
G38-2-53 X Soler


Objective:

Entries:
















Procedure:


Beds were prepared on 26 February 1999. Fertilization included 4 lb 0-20-0/100
linear bed feet (Ibf) incorporated and 13 lb 18-0-25/100 lbf banded. Total fertilizer
applied equals 203-70-283 lb N-P205-K20/acre. The beds were fumigated with
methyl bromide:chloropicrin 67:33 at 2.3 lb/100 lbf. The beds are on five ft
centers and in-row spacing is four ft. The pumpkins were direct seeded on 24
March 1999. Each entry is grown in six plant plots in two replications.
Selections will be made on the basis of fruit and vine characteristics.

This project is part of a long term cooperative research effort to improve tropical
pumpkin calabazaa) varieties and production practices. Cooperators include R.
Bruce Carle, Central Florida Research & Education Center, Leesburg,FL and
Linda Wessel-Beaver, University of Puerto Rico, Magaguez,PR.


Summary:









CANTALOUPE VARIETY EVALUATION


D. N. MAYNARD


Location: Block J, Land 6


To evaluate cantaloupe varieties for fruit yield and quality.


Replicated Entries:
1. Allstar

2. Cruiser

3. Zodiac

4. Athena

5. Vienna

6. Cordele

7. SME 7122

8. SME 7124

9. SME 7126

10. Desert Queen

11. Desert Princess

12. SMX 7204

13. SMX 7119

14. Eclipse


Source
Harris Moran

Harris Moran

Harris Moran

Novartis

Asgrow

Asgrow

Sakata

Sakata

Sakata

Sunseeds

Sunseeds

Sunseeds

Sunseeds

Petoseed


Observational Entries:

15. HMX 5587

16. HMX 7604

17. HMX 7607

18. RML 5462


Harris Moran

Harris Moran

Harris Moran

Novartis


Objective:

Entries:









19. RML 6969
20. RML 6971

21. RML 6976
22. RML 6977

23. Super 45

24. Carole

25. WC 10

26. WC 11
27. Dallas


Novartis
Novartis
Novartis
Novartis
Willhite

Willhite

Willhite
Willhite
Willhite


Beds were prepared on 26 February 1999. Fertilization included 4 lb 0-20-0/100
linear bed feet (Ibf) incorporated and 13 lb 18-0-25/100 lbf banded. Total fertilizer
applied equals 203-70-283 lb N-P205-K20/acre. The beds were fumigated with
methyl bromide:chloropicrin 67:33 at 2.3 lb/100 lbf. The beds are on five ft
centers and in-row spacing is two ft. The cantaloupes were direct seeded on 12
March 1999. There are ten plants per plot and four replications per replicated
entry and ten plants per plot and 2 replications per observational entry.


Summary: Cantaloupes are a minor crop in Florida, but there is opportunity for increased
production with improved varieties better adapted to our environmental
conditions. This trial is being conducted at Central Florida Research & Education
Center, Leesburg; Suwanee Valley Research & Education Center, Live Oak; and
North Florida Research & Education Center, Quincy in addition to GCREC,
Bradenton


Procedure:









DIPLOID WATERMELON VARIETY EVALUATION


D. N. MAYNARD


Block J, Lands 7, 8, 9, 10 (ditch rows)

To evaluate diploid watermelon varieties for fruit yield and quality.


Entry
1. ACX 7402

2. Athens (W5025)

3. Big Stripe

4. Festival

5. Fiesta

6. Huck Finn

7. Legacy

8. Mardi Gras

9. Pifiata large

10. Pifiata small

11. Royal Star

12. RWM 8036

13. RWM 8052

14. RWM 8074

15. RWM 8077

16. RWM 8094

17. RWM 8097

18. Sangria

19. Sentinel (PS36694)

20. Starbrite


~


Location:

Objective:


Entries:


C7


Lot Number
7103TR003283T

57272/1001

70546C-2

90413J2

CV 7028

17520-138326002

94389

CV 7038A

7010H-2

9010C1

1227

CV 7376

HV 8176

CV 8338

7025 X 7419

WV 8140

WV 8141

CV 8013A


PMZ 363 003


Source
Abbott & Cobb

Sunseeds

Willhite

Willhite

Novartis

Harris Moran

Willhite

Novartis

Willhite

Willhite

Petoseed

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Petoseed

Asgrow









21. Stargazer


22. Stars-N-Stripes


PMZ 390 004
WCE 2053005


23. Sultan
24. Summer Flavor #500

25. Summer Flavor #800

26. Summer Flavor #810

27. Summer Flavor #820
28. Summer Flavor #910


205911-130912003
6103TR003067T

7050TR003804T

6103TR003054T

6074TR002870T
6074TR002869T


Harris Moran
Abbott & Cobb

Abbott & Cobb

Abbott & Cobb
Abbott & Cobb
Abbott & Cobb


29. SWD 8307
30. SXW 5023

31. SXW 5038

32. WX8


116070


LODI 50381577403

LODI 50451579810

8099H-2


Procedure:


Beds were prepared on 29 January 1999. Fertilization included 4 lb 0-20-0/100
linear bed feet (lbf) incorporated and 17 lb 18-0-25/100 Ibf banded. Total fertilizer
applied equals 148-40-206 lb N-P205-K20/acre. The beds were fumigated with
methyl bromide:chloropicrin 67:33 at 2.3 lb/100 lbf. The beds are on nine ft
centers and in-row spacing is three ft. The watermelons were direct-seeded on 15
February 1999 with ten plants per plot and three replications per entry.


Summary: Diploid watermelon variety evaluations have been conducted at this location each
spring season since 1991. The highest yields ranged from 439 cwt/acre in 1996 to
1026 cwt/acre in 1993. In spring 1998, the highest yield was 896 cwt/acre which
was considerably greater than the seven-year average yield of 690 cwt/acre.

Based on the 1998 and previous trials, the following Allsweet and blocky
Crimson Sweet type varieties are expected to perform well in Florida: 'Athens',
'Carnival', 'Fiesta', 'Mardi Gras', 'Regency', 'Royal Flush', 'Royal Star', 'Royal
Sweet', 'Sangria', 'Starbrite', 'Stars-N-Stripes' and 'Summer Flavor 500'. Other
varieties may perform equally well on some farms.


Asgrow
Asgrow


Sakata


Sunseeds

Sunseeds

Willhite









TRIPLOID WATERMELON VARIETY EVALUATION


D. N. MAYNARD

Block J, Lands 7, 8, 9, 10 (center rows)

To evaluate triploid (seedless) watermelon varieties for fruit yield and quality.


Entr
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.


Location:

Objective:


Entries:


Boston

Crimson Trio

Constitution (W3053)

DPS 4548

DPS 4571

DPS 4573

Fandango

Freedom (W3022)

Gem-Dandy

Genesis

HMX 7928

Millionaire

Revolution (W4016)

RWM 8073

RWM 8089

Sugar Time

Summer Sweet #5244

Summer Sweet #5544

SWT 6703

SWT 8705


y


Lot Number
51804/1016

CV 6575

58110/1005

1292-862660




31753-08027

58108/1011-XXXXX21

80557-J

31712-06044

207928-142468003

207924-142064003

58111/1024

HV7182

WV 8139

8LW

7074TR003942T

4074TR001437T

186220

116069


Source
Sunseeds

Novartis

Sunseeds

d. Palmer

d. Palmer

d. Palmer

Shamrock

Sunseeds

Willhite

Shamrock

Harris Moran

Harris Moran

Sunseeds

Novartis

Novartis

Sugar Creek Seed

Abbott & Cobb

Abbott & Cobb

Sakata

Sakata









21. SXW 8705

22. Triton
23. Tri-X-313
24. Tri-X-Carousel
25. Tri-X-Palomar

26. Tri-X-Shadow

27. XWT 8706
28. XWT 8707


LODI 1033ms1579805


02163
98132

98129

98127


97-51 (7251-MASSX7261)
97-53 (7253-MASSX7263)


Beds were prepared on 29 January 1999. Fertilization included 4 lb 0-20-0/100
linear bed feet (lbf) incorporated and 17 Ib 18-0-25/100 lbf banded. Total fertilizer
applied equals 148-40-206 lb N-P2Os-K20/acre. The beds were fumigated with
methyl bromide:chloropicrin 67:33 at 2.3 lb/100 lbf. The beds are on nine ft
centers and in-row spacing is three ft. The watermelons were seeded on 25
January 1999 in No. 150 Todd planter flats and field transplanted on 23 February
1999. There are ten plants per plot and three replications per entry. Diploid
watermelons planted on either side of the triploids serve as pollenizers.

Seedless watermelon variety trials have been conducted here since 1988. The
highest yields have ranged from 507 cwt/acre in 1996 to 1161 cwt/acre in 1993.
In spring 1998, the highest yield was 846 cwt/acre which was somewhat more
than the 763 cwt/acre average high yield of the previous ten years.

Based on results of the 1998 and previous trials, triploid hybrids, in alphabetical
order, that should perform well in Florida include: 'Constitution', 'Crimson Trio',
'Freedom', 'Genesis', 'King of Hearts', 'Millionaire', 'Revere', 'Scarlet Trio',
'Summersweet 5244', 'Summersweet 5544' and 'Tri-X-313'. Other varieties may
perform well on individual farms.


Sunseeds
Petoseed
Novartis
Novartis
Novartis

Novartis


Sakata
Sakata


Procedure:









Summary:








BREEDING TOMATOES FOR HORTICULTURAL TRAITS


J. W. SCOTT

Location: Block J, Lands 13, 14, 18 (back), 20


Objective:

Crop:

Operation:


To develop improved tomato breeding lines for the Florida tomato industry.

Tomato, transplanted 24 February (J13-14), 1 March 1999 (J18,20)

There are 216 breeding lines and 150 hybrids being evaluated that fall into the
following groups.
A) Blossom-end scar smoothness: Lines are in land J13. Breeding for smooth
blossom-end scars is done by use of three different blossom-end morphology genes
which cause immature fruit to have nippled blossom ends but which are smooth
without nipples at maturity. Previous research indicated that hybrids between parents
with different genes are smooth without the chance of undesirable nipples in ripe
fruit. Thus, the genes are being incorporated by modified backcrossing into advanced
parental lines. Thereafter, the lines can be intercrossed in various hybrid
combinations.

B) Parthenocarpy: Lines are in land J13. Plants with this trait set fruit without seed
under stress environments, thus it is a characteristic used to expand the fruit setting
ability of tomatoes. The trait works best under cool conditions but also has
application to high temperature conditions. Emphasis is placed on obtaining large
fruited types with good firmness. Progress has been slow, but work to develop a
breeding line with good parthenocarpic expression and horticultural type continues.

C) Extended Shelf Life: Lines are in land J13. Two strategies are being employed
to obtain this characteristic. One involves use of the ripening inhibitor gene (rin).
When hybrids are made between lines with this gene and normal tomatoes, the shelf
life is increased allowing for shipment at harvest stages beyond mature-green. This
is the type of tomato presently being grown in Mexico. The other approach is to
breed for a greater level of firmness which I refer to as ultra-firmness. Ultra-firm
lines tend to have bland flavor, but not the undesirable aftertaste of rin hybrids.
Improved flavor with ultra-firmness is a goal of this work.

D) Ground Tomatoes: Lines are in land J13 and J14. These are also referred to as
compact growth habit (CGH) tomatoes. In this project, a gene called brachytic that
increases side branching and genes causing prostrate growth are being incorporated
into Florida adapted breeding lines. The goal is to develop varieties that do not
require staking that will not outgrowthe plastic on the bed. Emphasis is being placed
on developing jointless varieties with concentrated fruit set that could be








mechanically harvested. Thus, this is a project to reduce production costs as an
alternative for Florida tomato growers.

E) Heat-tolerance: Lines are in land J14. Heat-tolerant lines are selected in the
summer but assayed in the spring to evaluate the overall adaptability of the lines.
Growth in the spring gives a better indication of blossom scar smoothness, fruit size
potential, and to verify ability to set fruit in cold weather. This is a large breeding
project.

F) Ornamental Tomato Breeding: Cooperator is Brent Harbaugh. Plants are in land
J20. Present miniature-dwarf lines were derived from crosses of red and gold fruited
mini-dwarfs with a high sugar line. Selections are for good horticultural type and
sweet flavor. Lines are also being grown in pots in a greenhouse to assess their
performance. Release of red fruited and possibly a gold fruited variety with sweet-
balanced flavor is presently underway.

G) Hybrid evaluation is in J18 and J20. Many hybrids are being advanced to the F2
generation as part of modified backcrossing programs or to recombine desirable traits
for new parents. Some F,'s are being evaluated as possible finished varieties for
release, or to assess combining ability of parents being considered for breeding line
release.









ADVANCED TOMATO INBRED TRIAL


J. W. SCOTT


Location: Block J, Land 18


To compare "elite" breeding lines for possible release to the seed industry.

Tomato, transplanted 25 February 1999.


Operation:
Field #
A. Heat Tolerant
99E201S
99E202S
99E203S
99E204S
99E205S
99E206S
99E207S
99E208S
99E209S
99E210S
99E211S
B. Jointless
99E212S
99E213S
99E214S
99E215S
99E216S
99E217S
99E218S
C. Large Fruited
99E219S
99E220S
99E221S
99E222S
99E223S
99E224S
99E225S
99E226S
99E227S


Pedigree


7830
7906
7907
7908
7909
7825C
7910
7835
7839
7722
7324

7911
7912
7833
7913
7771
7775
Sanibel

7721
7776
7834
7777
7781
NC 84173
7060
Equinox
Fla. 47


Comments


n-4

og
n-4


BST3
BST13
BST13
og, n-4
HT Control

og, n-2
og, n-2
og
og
heat-tolerant
FCR R
j2 Control

n-2
n-2
I3R
n-2
FCR R


Objective:

Crop:


zn = nipple blossom genes; BS = bacterial spot; Tl, T13 = resistant to race 3 or races 1 & 3,
respectively; og = crimson; FCR = Fusarium crown rot resistant; I3R = Fusarium wilt race 3
resistant.









Planting is a randomized complete block design with three blocks and ten plants per
plot. Spacing is 18" with no pruning. Each plot will be evaluated visually and those
with promise will be harvested three times at the breaker stage at weekly intervals.
Firmness and color will also be evaluated on samples of fruit in the laboratory.


Summary: Release procedures are underway for Fla. 7771, Fla. 7775, and Fla. 7781.


Procedure:









TOMATO FLAVOR QUALITY


J. W. SCOTT, E. A. BALDWIN', R. L. SHEWFELT2, AND H. J. KLEE3

Location: Block J, Land 19

Objective: To evaluate Florida tomato varieties and some experimental genotypes for flavor as
determined by a taste panel and chemical analysis.


Tomato, transplanted 25 February 1999.


Field #


99E301S
99E302S
99E303S
99E304S
99E305S
99E306S
99E307S
99E308S
99E309S
99E310S
99E311S
99E312S


Pedigree


Solar Set
Equinox
Fla. 47
Agriset 761
Sunbeam
Solimar
Sanibel
Fla. 7859
Fla. 7860
Fla. 7862
Fla. 7914
Fla. 7919


Comments


og
og
og
rin/+, og
Fruity F4


Design is a randomized complete block with three blocks and eight plants per plot.
Table ripe fruit will be tested for each genotype by experienced taste panels. Fruit
samples will also be analyzed for glucose, fructose, soluble solids, titratable acidity,
and 17 aromatic volatiles. Data will be analyzed by stepwise regression to determine
the predominant chemicals involved in perceived flavors. In addition, 45 lines are
being grown in single plant plots. These have been selected over the last two seasons
for strong expression of flavor notes deemed important to tomato flavor. If detected
again, these lines will be analyzed for fruit chemistry to determine the basis for these
flavor notes. True breeding lines will be used to train trained taste panels in future
work.

This is part of a project to determine the chemistry of flavor in tomato. This
particular experiment will provide scientific data as to the relative flavor of presently
grown varieties, a topic often subject only to opinion and bias.


'USDA, Winter Haven, FL.
2University of Georgia, Athens, GA.
3Horticultural Science Department, Gainesville, FL.


Crop:


Operation:


Procedure:











Summary:


Comments


I I









CRIMSON TOMATO HYBRID TRIAL


J. W. SCOTT

Location: Block J, Land 19

Objective: To compare new crimson hybrids to control hybrids and thus assess release potential.

Crop: Tomato, transplanted 25 February 1999.

Operation:
Field # Pedigree Comments

99E251S Fla. 7859R/R Orig. RXR
99E252S Fla. 7859R/S New SXR
99E253S Fla. 7914 rin/+, og
99E254S Fla. 7915 rin/+, og
99E255S Fla. 7860
99E256S Fla. 7861
99E257S Fla. 7862
99E258S Fla. 7916 j2
99E259S Fla. 7882
99E260S Fla. 7917
99E261S Fla. 7918
99E262S Fla. 7880
99E263S Equinox
99E264S Fla. 47
99E265S Sanibel
ZRxR both parents resistant to Fusarium wilt race 3, SxR one parent resistant to Fusarium wilt
race 3.

Procedure: Planting is in a randomized complete block design with three blocks and eight plants
per plot. Each plot will be evaluated and hybrids with promise will be harvested at
the breaker stage, three times at weekly intervals. Samples will also be taken to the
lab for firmness and color evaluations.

Summary: Crimson varieties have a gene (og) that increases lycopene by about 50% while 3-
carotene is decreased by about 50%. Since recent medical literature indicates
lycopene is a potent antioxidant that helps lower the risk of cancers, crimson varieties
may have great potential. Crimson varieties also have a deep red interior color which
is another advantage.









TOMATO RELEASES 20"T CENTURY


J. W. SCOTT

Location: Block J, Land 18

Objective: To observe varieties and breeding lines released by the University ofFlorida and save
seed to maintain them.

Crop: Tomato, transplanted 25 February 1999

Operation:
Line Release Date

Marglobe 1925
Manalucie 1953
Homestead 24 1953
Manalee 1954
Indian River 1958
Manapal 1960
FloraLou 1962
FloraDel 1965
Tropi-Red 1967
Tropi-Gro 1967
Tropic 1969
Walter 1969
Florida MH-1 1971
Flora-Dade 1976
Floramerica 1977
Calypso 1977
Burgis 1981
Hayslip 1981
Florida 1B 1981
Horizon 1985
Suncoast 1985
Solar Set 1989
Equinox 1995
Neptune 1995
Fla. 7547 1995
Fla. 7481 1995
Fla. 7771 1999
Fla. 7775 1999
Fla. 7781 1999









Varieties are planted in eight plant observation plots arranged in chronological order
of release. Indeterminate varieties have been pruned. Seeds of other releases;
Glovel (1935), Newell (1940), Cardinal King (1940), Ruby Queen (1940), and Indian
River (1958) were not available. Manasota (1949) and Manahill (1949) are being
increased in a greenhouse.

Many important tomato varieties have been released from the University of Florida
and seed needs to be maintained. This trial should be of historical interest to those
involved in the Florida tomato industry.


Procedure:





Summary:









TOMATO VARIETY EVALUATION


D. N. MAYNARD


Block N, Lands 12, 13, 14

To evaluate yield and horticultural characteristics of fresh market tomato varieties
and advanced breeding material.


Entries, Replicated:


ACX 12

ACR 8608

ASX 9110

ASX 202

Agriset 761

Equinox

EX 10069

EX 10089

Solar Set

Florida 47

Solimar

Sunbeam

BHN 399

BHN 255


Abbott & Cobb

Abbott & Cobb

Agrisales

Agrisales

Agrisales

Agrisales

Asgrow

Asgrow

Asgrow

Asgrow

Asgrow

Asgrow

BHN Research

BHN Research


Entries. Observational:


1. ACR 8609

2. ASX 98


Abbott & Cobb

Agrisales


4. Agriset 775

5. Sunpride


Location:

Objective:


NC96365

Leila

RFT 6148

PS647095

Sanibel

Floralina

SBT 3665

SRT 6687

FLA. 7807

FLA. 7815

FLA. 7851

FLA. 7859

FLA. 7862


NCSU

Novartis

Novartis

Petoseed

Petoseed

Petoseed

Sunseeds

Sunseeds

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF


Agrisales

Asgrow









3. ASX 152


7. BHN 268 (cherry)

8. DNAP2

9. DNAP6

10. DNAP9

11. DNAP21

12. DNAP22

13. DNAP23

14. DNAP24

15. NC96348

16. NC96367

17. NC96372

18. NC96378

19. NC97597

20. NC97614

21. NC97615

22. NC98274

23. NC98126 (plum)

24. NC98127 (plum)

25. NC98128 (plum)

26. NC98130 (plum)

27. NC98401 (plum)

28. RFT 6153

29. RFT 6116

30. Carolina Gold

31. SRT 6682


Agrisales


BHN Research

DNAP

DNAP

DNAP

DNAP

DNAP

DNAP

DNAP

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU
NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

NCSU

Novartis

Novartis

Novartis

Sunseeds


6. BHN 404
(plum)
35. FLA. 7861

36. FLA. 7816

37. FLA. 7820

38. FLA. 7810

39. FLA. 7852

40. FLA. 7857

41. FLA. 7880

42. FLA. 7881

43. FLA. 7882

44. FLA. 7883

45. FLA. 7884

46. FLA. 7885

47. FLA. 7886

48. FLA. 7887

49. FLA. 7888

50. FLA. 7889

51. FLA. 7890

52. FLA. 7891

53. FLA. 7892

54. FLA. 7893

55. FLA. 7894

56. FLA. 7895

57. FLA. 7896

58. FLA. 7897

59. FLA. 7898


BHN Research


UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF
UF
UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF

UF









32. FLA. 7786

33. FLA. 7791
34. FLA. 7860
63. FLA. 7902
64. FLA. 7903


UF 60. FLA. 7899


61. FLA. 7900
62. FLA. 7901
65. FLA. 7904
66. FLA. 7905


Beds were prepared on 9 February 1999. Fertilization included 4 lb 0-20-0/100 linear
bed feet (Ibf) incorporated and 13 lb 18-0-25/100 lbf banded. Total fertilizer applied
equals 203-70-283. The beds were fumigated with methyl bromide : chloropicrin
67:33 at 2.3 lb/100 lbf. The beds are on five ft centers and in row spacing is 18 in.
The tomatoes were seeded on 12 January and field transplanted on 23 February 1999.
There are four replications often plants in the replicated trial and one ten plant plot
in the observational trial.

Fruit from plants in the replicated trial will be harvested as mature green or beyond
and the fruit sized as in commercial practice for fresh market. Yields will be
computed by weight for each harvest and for the entire season. Subjective
evaluations of observational entries will be made for plant size, uniformity and habit,
foliage cover, fruit color and shape, incidence of diseases or insect pests, and general
adaptability to Florida production.


Procedure:









TOUR 2 VEGETABLE CROP PROTECTION


Page Topic

30 Evaluation of Insecticides for Silverleaf Whitefly Control

32 Evaluation of Fungicides for Control of Foliar Diseases of Tomato

33 Evaluation of Fungicides for Control of Foliar Diseases of Tomato

34 Evaluation of Silverleaf Whitefly Thresholds for Irregular Ripening of Tomato

35 Comparison ofBacteriophages (UV Protected and Unprotected) Copper and Actigard
Against Bacterial Spot Disease on Tomato

37 Evaluation of Insecticides for Armyworm, Leafminer, and Tomato Pinworm Control

39 Breeding Tomatoes for Disease Resistance

41 Fusarium Crown Rot and Root Rot Genetics of Tomato

42 Tomato Mottle Virus Linkage Studies

43 Tomato Mottle Virus Resistance Trial

45 Tomato Mottle Virus Transgenic Inheritance

46 Transgenic Resistance to Tomato Mottle Geminivirus

47 Evaluation of Insecticides for Pepper Weevil Control

49 Evaluation of Green and UV Reflective Mulches for Managing the Silverleaf
Whitefly, Tomato Mottle Virus, and Irregular Ripening

50 Survey of Natural Enemies of the Pepper Weevil



























































29









EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY CONTROL


D. J. Schuster


Location: Block O, Lands 9 & 10


Objective:


Cro:n

Treatments:


Evaluate new and old insecticides alone or in sequence for management of the
silverleafwhitefly (SLWF) and irregular ripening (IRR).

Tomato, cv Agriset; Transplanted 8 March 1999

1. Check
2. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
3. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
then Applaud 70WP (0.5 lb/acre)
then Knack 0.86EC (10 ozs/acre)
then Applaud 70WP (0.5 lb/acre)
then Knack 0.86EC (10 ozs/acre)
4. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
then Naturalis-L (10 ozs/acre)
5. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
then Neemix 4.5 (4 ozs/acre)
+ Sunspray Ultrafine Oil (0.25%)**
6. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
then Sunspray Ultrafine Oil (0.25%)**
7. Admire 2F (1.1 ozs/1000 row ft)*
then Mycotrol ES (0.5 qt/acre)
8. Platinum 2SC (0.65 ozs/1000 row feet)*
9. Platinum 2SC (0.45 ozs/1000 row feet)*


*Applied to soil March 11.
**Amount of product based upon v/v.


Operation:


Plots consist of three 14 plant rows 21 ft long replicated four times in a randomized
complete block design. Foliar treatments will begin when a threshold of 5 SLWF
nymphs/10 leaflets is reached. Naturalis-L, Neemix, Sunspray and Mycotrol will be
applied weekly thereafter whereas Applaud and Knack will be applied when the
threshold is once again reached. Sprays will be applied on a per acre basis at 200 psi
with a self-propelled high clearance sprayer delivering 60-120 gpa (increases as
plants grow). The numbers of sessile nymphs and pupae of the SLWF will be
counted weekly. All plants in each plot are being inspected weekly for symptoms of
ToMoV, a geminivirus transmitted by the SLWF. The plastic soil mulch is being
marked with paint for those showing definite symptoms. Pink and red ripe fruit will
be harvested weekly and each will be rated 1-5 for external symptoms of IRR.









Summary: Admire is a systemic insecticide applied to the soil at transplanting to give six to
eight weeks of control of the SLWF. Applaud, Knack, Naturalis-L, Neemix,
Sunspray Ultrafine Oil and Mycotrol are being evaluated for the potential to provide
SLWF control as the Admire wears off. Naturalis-L and Mycotrol are biological
products containing the fungus Beauvaria bassiana, which is pathogenic to certain
insects. Platinum is a new systemic insecticide that is being compared to Admire for
residual control of the SLWF.









EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROL OF FOLIAR
DISEASES OF TOMATO

R. J. MCGOVERN


Location: Block O, Land 8


Crop:


Tomato 'Agriset 761', transplanted 23 March 1999


Early Blight (Alternaria solani), Target Spot (Corynespora cassiicola), Gray Leaf
Spot (Stemphylium spp.)


Rate
nrnrrnt)/1 On oal


Color Code


1. Nontreated control
2. BASF 500F
3. BASF 500F
4. EXF-A
5. EXF-A
6. BASF-500F + EXF-A
7. BASF-500F + Bravo Ultrex
8. Bravo Ultrex
Rotated weekly with BASF-500
9. Bravo Ultrex
Rotated weekly with Quadris


0.05 gal
0.07 gal
0.14 lb
0.21 lb
0.03 gal + 0.18 lb
0.05 gal + 1.4 lb

1.4 lb + 0.05 gal

1.4 lb + 0.05 gal


Blue
Orange/White
Black/White
Yellow
White
Black
Blue Dot

Red

Orange


'Treatments initiated 15 April 1999.

Fungicides were sprayed on a weekly to biweekly schedule using a tractor-drawn,
single row hydraulic sprayer. Disease severity will be measured during and at the
completion of the experiment. Marketable yield data based on two to three harvests
will be obtained.

Summary: The new strobilurin fungicide BASF-500F is of interest because of its potential broad
spectrum fungicidal activity. EXF-A is an as yet uncharacterized experimental
compound.


Disease(s):


Procedure:


eLYmI___ pJ'^" g1 VVAWA ^VVr


Treatment'









EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES FOR CONTROL OF FOLIAR
DISEASES OF TOMATO

R.J. MCGOVERN

Location: Block O, Land 6

Crop: Tomato 'Florida 47', transplanted 3 March 1999

Disease(s): Early Blight (Alternaria solani), Target Spot (Corynespora cassiicola), Gray Leaf
Spot (Stemphylium spp.)
Rate
Procedure: Treatment' (product)/100 gal Color Code

1. Nontreated control Blue
2. Bravo Ultrex* 1.37 lb Orange
Rotated weekly with Quadris 0.04 gal
3. Bravo Ultrex* 1.4 lb Red
Rotated weekly with Quadris 0.05 gal
4. Bravo Ultrex 1.4 lb Yellow
5. Manzate 2.0 lb White
6. Quadris 0.05 gal Blue Dot
7. Armacarb 100 2.5 lb Red Dot

'Treatments initiated 1 April 1999.

Fungicides were sprayed on a weekly to biweekly schedule using a tractor-drawn,
single row hydraulic sprayer (*Bravo Ultrex was applied during the first 3 weeks
following transplanting). Disease severity will be measured during and at the
completion of the experiment. Marketable yield data based on two to three harvests
will be obtained.

Summary: The new strobilurin fungicide Quadris (azoxystrobin) is effective against an
unusually broad spectrum of fungi ranging from Rhizoctonia to Phytophthora.
Quadris significantly reduced early blight (Alternaria solani) and gray leaf spot
(Stemphylium spp.) in a previous experiment conducted at GCREC. Armacarb-100
is a new potassium bicarbonate-based fungicide of interest because of its very low
mammalian toxicity.









EVALUATION OF SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY THRESHOLDS
FOR IRREGULAR RIPENING OF TOMATO

D. J. SCHUSTER

Location: Block O, Lands 3 & 4

Objective: Evaluate silverleaf whitefly (SLWF) thresholds for irregular ripening (IRR) on
tomato using two insect growth regulators.


Tomato, cv Agriset; Transplanted 8 March 1999


Treatments:








Operation:


1. Spray Knack when there are >2 nymphs or pupae/leaflet
2. Spray Knack when there are >1 nymph and pupa/leaflet
3. Spray Knack when there are >5 nymphs and pupae/10 leaflets
4. Spray Applaud when there are >2 nymphs or pupae/leaflet
5. Spray Applaud when there are >1 nymph and pupa/leaflet
6. Spray Applaud when there are >5 nymphs and pupae/10 leaflets
7. Admire 2F (0.007 oz/plant in 4 ozs water) applied March 11 to soil at
transplanting

Plots consist of three 20 plant rows 30 ft long replicated four times in a randomized
complete block design. Applications of Knack 0.86EC (1 oz/acre) and Applaud
70WP (0.5 lb/acre) will be applied at 200 psi with a self-propelled high clearance
sprayer delivering 60-120 gpa (increases as plants grow) when thresholds are
reached. Weekly counts of sessile nymphs and pupae of the SLWF are being made
on terminal leaflets. Red ripe fruit will be harvested weekly and will be rated 1-5 for
external symptoms of IRR and 1-5 for internal symptoms.


Summary: Previous field research has indicated a positive linear relationship between the
number of SLWF nymphs and pupae and external symptoms of IRR. In previous
experiment, the application of insect growth regulators applied at thresholds of 5-10
nymphs/leaflet have resulted in fewer immature lifestages of the SLWF and amounts
of IRR equal to that in Admire treated plots.


Crop:









COMPARISON OF BACTERIOPHAGES (UV PROTECTED AND UNPROTECTED),
COPPER, AND ACTIGARD AGAINST BACTERIAL SPOT DISEASE ON TOMATO

J.E. FLAHERTY, J.B. JONES, B.K. HARBAUGH, R.O. KELLY, AND L.E. JACKSON


Location: Block N, Lands 7-8
Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of Agriphage, Agriphage+UV protectant, Actigard, and
Copper/Manzate for control of the bacterial spot pathogen,Xanthomonas campestris
pv. vesicatoria on field-grown tomatoes.


Crop:
Treatments:


Tomato, cv. Sunbeam; transplanted 9 March 1999.


Rate (eal or lb./A)


Freauencv of avvlication


1) None
2) Agriphage'
3) Copper /
Manzate4
4) Actigard2
5) Agriphage'
+UV protectant
'Agriphi, Inc., Logan, UT
2Novartis (not commercially available)
3Kocide 101, Griffin, Corp.
4Manzate 200DF, Dupont


Procedure:


0.5 gal.
1.8 lb.
0.9 lb
0.03 lb.
0.5 gal.
2.1 lb.


2X/week
1X/week


IX/week
2X/week


Treatments were applied to tomato transplants beginning at the seedling stage
contained in Speedling flats. The center plants were inoculated with a combination
of four strains which included tomato races 1 (T1) and 3 (T3) of Xanthomonas
campestris pv. vesicatoria, the bacterial pathogen that causes bacterial spot disease
on tomato. Transplants were set into the field in 30-plant plots three weeks after
treatment initiation. Each treatment consisted of four replications arranged in a
randomized complete block. Bacteriophage treatments were applied twice weekly
in both the greenhouse and field. Actigard was applied weekly for only six total
applications followed by weekly copper sprays. The copper/manzate treatment was
applied weekly in both greenhouse and field. The seedlings were rated for bacterial
spot prior to transplanting to the field, and plants in the field will be rated for overall
vigor and disease incidence. Fruit will be harvested, weighed and graded according
to size.


\O I 1 I 11









In the past three field seasons, application ofbacteriophages resulted in significantly
reduced incidences of bacterial spot disease in experiments conducted at GCREC.
In Fall 98, application of bacteriophages also increased substantially fruit harvest
weight (>20%) when compared to the copper treatment. In an attempt to improve the
stability of the bacteriophage in the field, a protective compound was added to the
phage solution that may extend the life of the phages on the plant surface, thus
decreasing the need for frequent applications.


Summary:









EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR ARMYWORM, LEAFMINER
AND TOMATO PINWORM CONTROL

D. J. SCHUSTER

Location: Block N, Land 11

Objective: Evaluate new and old insecticides for management of armyworms, leafininers and
tomato pinworms on tomato.

Crop: Tomato, cv Agriset; Transplanted 4 March 1999


Treatments:


Operation:


1. Decis 0.2EC (17.0 ozs/acre)
2. Decis 0.2EC (13.4 ozs/acre)
3. Decis 0.2EC (10.4 ozs/acre)
4. Dibrom 8EC (1 pt/acre)
5. Dibrom 8EC (1.5 pts/acre)
6. Neemix 4.5% (4 ozs/acre)*
+ Dipel 2X (1 lb/acre)
+ Xentari (1 lb/acre)
7. Proclaim 5SG (0.2 lb/acre)
+ Dyne-Amic (0.25%)**
8. S-1812 4EC (6.4 ozs/acre)
9. S-1812 4EC (4.8 ozs/acre
10. S-1812 35WP (0.4 lbs/acre
11. S-1812 4EC (3.2 ozs/acre
12. S-1812 4EC (2.4 ozs/acre
+ Warrior 1EC (3.8 ozs/acre)
13. SpinTor 2SC (5.7 ozs/acre)
14. Warrior 1EC (3.8 ozs/acre)
15. Check


*Bacillus thuringiensis combined with Neemix but Dipel 2X and Xentari
rotated weekly
**Amount of product on a v/v basis

Plots are single rows 18 ft long replicated four times in a randomized complete
block design. Treatments are being applied weekly per acre at 60 psi with a 2.5
gal, hand-held CO2-powered sprayer delivering 60 to 120 gpa (increases as plants
grow). If appropriate, at least one tomato pinworm and one leafniner timed count
will be completed. When thrips are present, 10 flowers will be collected from
each plot and the numbers of adults and larval thrips present will be counted. At
least one harvest will be completed and all fruit not damaged and those damaged
by armyworm larvae, tomato pinworm larvae, stink bugs and thrips will be
counted and weighed.









Summary: Decis, Proclaim, SpinTor and Warrior have demonstrated good efficacy against
armyworm larvae while Proclaim and SpinTor also have controlled the tomato
pinworm. Dibrom was effective against leafminers but its present effectiveness is
not known. Neemix applied alone has provided some control of armyworm
larvae.









BREEDING TOMATOES FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE


J. W. SCOTT

Location: Block J, Lands 14-16, Block B, Lands 4-6, 11-14

Objective: To develop breeding lines and varieties resistant to pathogens which are of concern
to the Florida tomato industry.

Crop: Tomato, transplanted 24 February, B block on 11 March 1999

Operations: There are 324 lines in groups A-E, 226 lines in group F. There are also 28 hybrids
associated with F.
A) Spotted Wilt: F2 breeding lines are in J14. Molecular (SCAR) markers were used
to select plants with homozygous or heterozygous resistance which were transplanted
in the field. These F2's have had three crosses to advanced inbreds. Resistance (Sw-
5 gene) came from the South African variety 'Stevens'.

B) Bacterial Spot Resistance: Cooperator is J. B. Jones. Lines are in J14 and 15. It
has been difficult to evaluate lines with race 1 resistance due to the prevalence ofrace
3 for the past seven years. Many lines are screened for hypersensitivity in a growth
chamber and for horticultural type in the field. Inbreds with resistance to races Tl
and T3 are being evaluated, and hybrids heterozygous for resistance to these races are
being evaluated for the first time. Broad spectrum resistance from PI 114490 is being
incorporated into improved inbreds as well.

C) Bacterial Wilt Resistance: Cooperator is J. B. Jones. Lines are in J16. This
disease causes major losses in many humid tropical regions around the world and in
north Florida. It has been difficult to obtain breeding lines with resistance equal to
that of the accessions used as sources of resistance. Tolerant lines have been
intercrossed in attempts to attain improved levels ofresistance. This includes crosses
with Hawaii 7997 our major source of resistance. This has been a very difficult
disease to work with.

D) Fusarium Wilt Race 3 Resistance: These lines are in J16. This resistance is also
being incorporated into advanced lines in many projects. Problems with this disease
are increasing around Florida and elsewhere.

E) Fusarium Crown Rot Resistance: These lines are in lands J16 and J17. This
disease has been a problem primarily in southwest Florida as well as several areas
around the world. Jointed (Fla. 7781) and jointless (Fla. 7775) inbreds are being
tested in the Advanced Inbred trial and release procedures are underway. A group
of inbreds with resistance from L. pennellii accession LA 1277 are also being
evaluated, many have had four crosses to tomato lines.









F) Tomato Mottle Virus Resistance: Cooperators on this project are Dave Schuster
and Jane Polston. Breeding lines are in lands B3-5, 11-15. Resistance has been
introgressed from four accessions of the wild species L. chilense. Plants at the two-
leaf stage were placed in greenhouses with viruliferous silverleafwhiteflies for three
weeks and then were transplanted to the field where whiteflies were allowed to thrive
for four more weeks. Plants are rated for virus symptoms two times during the year
and selections of the best resistant plants will be made. Most lines now have
resistance derived from LA 1932, LA 1938, or LA 2779.









FUSARIUM CROWN AND ROOT ROT GENETICS OF TOMATO


J. W. SCOTT AND J. P. JONES

Location: Block J, Land 17

Objective: To determine genetic control of resistance to Fusarium crown rot derived from L.
pennellii accession LA 1277.

Crop: Tomato, transplanted 1 March 1999

Operation:


Field #


Generation


Abbreviated Pedigree


Comment


LA 1277 BC3 F3
7547 x LA 1277 BC3 F3
LA 1277 BC3 F3 x 7547
LA 1277 BC3F3 x F1
7547 x Fi
(7547 x LA 1277 BC3F3)-Bk
Ohio 89-1
Fla. 7547
Fla. 7775
7775 x 7832
7832 x 7775
7775 x LA 1277 BC3F3
(7775 x LA 1277 BC,F,)-Bk


Resistant Parent

Reciprocal F,



Frl resistance gene
Susceptible parent
Frl resistance gene
Frl/+ hybrid
Frl/+ reciprocal hybrid
Complementation F1
Complementation F,


Before bedding, land was treated with sulfur (500 lb/A/pH unit) to obtain pH of 5-
5.5. Inoculum was grown in vermiculite treated with a nutrient solution. Holes were
punched three days before transplanting and 3 oz. of inoculum was placed in each
hole. Planting is in a randomized complete block design with five blocks. There is
one ten plant plot/block for #'s E401-403, E407 and E412; one 20 plant plot/block
for E404 and E405, two 20 plant plots/block for E406; and four 20 plant plots per
block for E413. Data will be taken on a regular basis once disease symptoms
commence. For the last rating, disease severity will be noted.

The experiment is designed to determine the inheritance of resistance from LA 1277
and to discern whether it is different from the existing Frl gene. Difficulties with
seedling screening experiments has led to this field test.


99E401S
99E402S
99E403S
99E404S
99E405S
99E406S
99E407S
99E408S
99E409S
99E410S
99E411S
99E412S
99E413S


P,
F,
RF1
BCP1
BCP2
F2

P2
P3
P3F,
P3RF1
F,(P, xP3)
F,(P, xP,)


Procedure:









Summary:


Comment









TOMATO MOTTLE VIRUS LINKAGE STUDIES


J. W. SCOTT, P. D. GRIFFITHS, AND J. E. FLAHERTY

Location: Block B, Land 15


Objective:


Crop:

Operation:


To determine linkage distances between molecular (RAPD) markers and ToMoV
resistance.

Tomato, transplanted 1 March 1999


Field # Abbrev. Pedigree Comment

E541F-BK E431-4 x 767-7 R from LA 2779 x LA 1932
E543F-BK 434-6 x 767-7 R from LA 2779 x LA 1932
981154-SBk 7771 x 974345-8 S x R, R from LA 1932, LA 1938
981156-BK 7775 x 974345-8 S x R, R from LA 1932, LA 1938
E526F-Bk 7324 x 434-6 S x R, R from LA 2779


Procedure:


Seedlings of these F2 lines at two weeks past cotyledon stage were inoculated with
viruliferous whiteflies for 21 days. Whiteflies were allowed to reproduce in field for
another 29 days. The 100 plants per F2 line will be rated for ToMoV severity several
times during the season. DNA was extracted from each plant and scored for RAPD
markers previously identified as linked to resistance genes. These data should give
more precise linkage distances. The LA 2779 derived line (E431-4) also has tomato
mosaic virus (TMV) resistance and the E541F-BK F2 has been screened in a
greenhouse for TMV.


Summary: TMV resistant lines have a yellow mosaic symptom when inoculated with ToMoV.
The E431 and E434 lines had good ToMoV resistance with and without TMV
resistance. We are attempting to understand the role of TMV resistance in
conjunction with ToMoV resistance genes on ToMoV resistance reactions. This is
a novel relationship and important to breeding strategies if breeders are dealing with
both TMV and ToMoV resistance. Otherwise, the LA 1932 plus LA 1938 lines had
segregated healthy plants last fall after ToMoV inoculation. These had no wild
species characteristics and we want to find RAPD markers linked to ToMoV
resistance. These markers could be used in marker assisted selection in the future
which would greatly accelerate breeding progress.









TOMATO MOTTLE VIRUS (ToMoV) RESISTANCE TRIAL


J. W. SCOTT, D. J. SCHUSTER, AND J. E. POLSTON

Location: Block B, Lands 13, 14

Objective: To compare resistance among various lines bred conventionally and via genetic
engineering.

Crop: Tomato, transplanted 1 March 1999

Operation:


Field #
A. Replicated
99E101S
99E102S
99E103S
99E104S
99E105S
99E106S
99E107S
99E108S
99E109S
99E110S
99E111S
99E112S
99E113S
99E114S
99E115S
99E116S
99E117S
99E118S
B. Observational
99E121S
99E122S

99E123S

99E124S

99E125S

99E126S


Source of Resistance


LA 1938, LA 1932
LA 1938, LA 1932
Tyking, LA 2779
LA 1938
LA 1938, Tyking
LA 1938
LA 1932
LA 1959
LA 1932
LA 2779
LA 1969, Tyking
LA 1969, Tyking
LA 1932, LA 1938
Trans 7613-BK
Trans 7324-BK
Ty 52
Tyking
Solar Set

Avinash #2
VL215-6-2

LA 1777-1


LA 1932

TY 34-6

TY 197-BK


Comments2


F3
J2, F3
j2, F4
F3
F3
F3
F3, cleaf
F4
F,
F6(yellow)
F7 "0"
F7 "3"
F,
Transgenic, replicase
Transgenic, replicase
TYLCV resistant
TYLCV resistant
Susceptible control

From AVRDC, Taiwan
From AVRDC, Taiwan
L. peruviamnn
From AVRDC, Taiwan
L. hirsutum
From AVRDC, Taiwan
L. chilense
From Volcani Center,
Israel
From Volcani Center,
Israel










99E137S TY 202-BK From Volcani Center,
Israel
99E138S Solar Set Susceptible control
99E139S Fla. 767 ToMoV tolerant control
zj = jointless, c leaf = potato leaf, yellow = symptom (related to TMV resistance, "0" and "3" =
ratings from fall 1998, 3 > susceptibility.


Procedure:


Replicated trial arranged in a randomized complete block design with four blocks
and ten plants per plot. There is one plot often or less plants for the observation
lines. Seedlings two weeks past cotyledon stage were inoculated in a greenhouse
with viruliferous whiteflies for three weeks. This trial will help to assess the best
sources) of resistance. Plants will be rated for ToMoV symptoms two times during
the season.


Summary: In the past, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) resistant lines have not had good
ToMoV resistance but often ToMoV resistant lines have had good TYLCV
resistance. Good ToMoV resistant lines will be screened for TYLCV by cooperators
in other locations. This is important since TYLCV is likely to become the
predominant geminivirus in Florida. Generally F3 lines are not entered in replicated
trials and since most were not fixed for resistance it was probably not a good idea to
do it this time.









TOMATO MOTTLE VIRUS (ToMoV) TRANSGENIC INHERITANCE

J. W. SCOTT, J. E. POLSTON, AND D. J. SCHUSTER

Location: Block B, Land 9


Objective:


Crop:


To determine genetic control of resistance derived from breeding lines transformed
with a ToMoV replicase-associated protein gene.

Tomato, transplanted 12 March 1999.


Operation:
Field # Pedigree (T = Transgenic) Comments

99E901S T7613
99E902S T7324
99E903S Fla. 7613 Susceptible control
99E904S Fla. 7324 Susceptible control
99E905S (7060 x T7324)-BK F2 (Susc. x R)
99E906S (7324 x T7613)-BK F2 (Susc. x R)
99E907S (7324T1 x 7613T)-BK F2 (Rx R)
99E908S (7324T2 x 7613T)-BK F, (RxR)


Procedure:






Summary:


Seedlings two weeks past cotyledon stage were inoculated with viruliferous
whiteflies for 18 days. Whiteflies were allowed to reproduce in the field for 17 more
days. Plants are in a randomized complete block design. There is one ten plant
plot/block of E901-E904 and one 25 plant plot/block of E905-E908. Plants will be
rated two times for disease severity during the season, the first when susceptible
control plants are 100% infected.

Past work indicated recessive control of resistance based on the susceptibility of
resistant x susceptible F,'s. The present experiment should determine the number of
genes involved and determine if the transformed lines carry the same resistance gene.









TRANSGENIC RESISTANCE TO TOMATO MOTTLE GEMINIVIRUS

J. E. POLSTON, E. HIEBERT (PLANT PATHOLOGY DEPARTMENT)
AND J. W. SCOTT

Location: Block B, Land 9; Block 0, Land 5


Objective:


Crop:


Treatments:


Develop high yielding tomatoes with resistance to tomato mottle virus (ToMoV)
through genetic engineering

Tomato FL 7613 transformed with the ToMoV Rep gene


Transgenic line 11
Transgenic line 12
FL 7613


FL 7613 transformed with ToMoV Rep
FL 7613 transformed with ToMoV Rep
not transformed


FL7613 and FL 7324 were transformed with the Rep gene of ToMoV. The Rep gene
is responsible for replication of ToMoV. Use of this gene as a transgene would be
expected to interfere with virus replication. Transformants (To) were transferred from
tissue culture to soil and seed was collected. The next generation and every
generation up to T4 were inoculated with ToMoV at the 4 to 6 leaf stage, planted in
the field and maintained in conditions of continuous inoculation with ToMoV by
high populations of viruliferous whitefly populations. Resistant and high yielding
plants were selected from each generation. Lines 11 and 12 are selections from the
same original transformed plant (To generation). These plants are T4 generation
plants. Resistance is characterized as immunity in some plants and strong tolerance
in others. Yields of these plants are significantly higher than that of FL 7613 and
Agriset in the presence of ToMoV, and as good or slightly better than FL7613 and
Agriset in the absence of ToMoV. Performance of these lines in a replicated trial in
the absence of ToMoV can be seen in Land 0-5. Plants is this plot were not treated
with any insecticides (including Admire) to manage whiteflies. Viruliferous whitefly
populations were allowed to reach much higher levels in this plot than in commercial
fields to demonstrate the strength of the resistance.

This small plot demonstrates the resistance and yield potential of the transgenic
resistance obtained using the ToMoV Rep gene in two lines, 11 and 12. There are
two other lines (02 and 04) with similar yield and resistance to ToMoV which came
from a different transgenic event than 11 and 12. These are present in this
demonstration plot. Performance of these lines in a replicated trial in the absence of
ToMoV can be seen in Land 0-5.


Procedure:


















Summary:









EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES FOR PEPPER WEEVIL CONTROL


D. J. SCHUSTER


Location: Block B, Land 8


Objective:


Crop:

Treatments:


Evaluate new insecticides and an insect growth regulator for management of the
pepper weevil (PW) on pepper.

Pepper, cv Sentry; Transplanted 4 March 1999

1. Check
2. Admire 2F (0.003 oz/plant in 4 ozs water)
then Prokil Cryolite 96 (8 lbs/acre)
then Vydate 2L (2 qts/acre)
then Lorsban 50W (2 lbs/acre)*
3. Alert 2SC (19 ozs/acre)
4. Prokil Cryolite 96 (8 lbs/acre)
5. Prokil Cryolite 96 (8 lbs/acre)
then Vydate 2L (2 qts/acre)
then Actara 25WG (0.34 lb/acre)**
6. Prokil Cryolite 96 (8 lbs/acre)
then Vydate 2L (8 Ibs/acre)
then Actara 25WG (0.25 lb/acre)***
7. Prokil Cryolite 96 (8 Ibs/acre)
then Vydate 2L (8 lbs/acre)
then Actara 25WG (0.19 lb/acre)****
8. Dimilin 25WP (0.5 lb/acre)
+ Sunspray Ultrafine Oil (0.25%)*****
9. Dimilin 25WP (0.5 Ib/acre)
+ Sunspray Ultrafine Oil (0.25%)*****
+ Naturalis-L (10 ozs/acre)
10. Lorsban 50W (2 lbs/acre)
11. Naturalis-L (10 ozs/acre)
12. Vydate 2L (2 qts/acre)

*Admire applied 5 March as a soil drench. Three applications of Prokil Cryolite
will be followed by 6 applications of Vydate. The experiment will be finished
with weekly applications of Lorsban.
**Prokil Cryolite will be applied twice, followed by two applications of Vydate and
then two applications of Actara.
***Prokil Cryolite will be applied twice, followed by two applications ofVydate and
then three applications of Actara.
****Prokil Cryolite will be applied twice, followed by two applications of Vydate
and then four applications of Actara.
*****Amount of product on a v/v basis.









Operation:







Summary:


Plots are single rows 14 ft long replicated four times in a randomized complete
blocks design. Treatments will begin at flowering or when pepper weevil adults are
observed and will be applied weekly thereafter at 60 psi with a 2.5 gal, hand-held
CO2-powered sprayer delivering 100 gpa. At least one harvest will be completed and
all fruit with PW oviposition scars only and fruit with internal damage due to PW
larval feeding will be counted and weighed. Armyworm larvae will be controlled
with weekly applications of Mattch or SpinTor.

Prokil Cryolite has provided very good control of the PW but has occasionally
resulted in reduced yields if applied weekly season long. The efficacy ofVydate
alone has declined in recent trials and the efficacy ofLorsban has been inconsistent.
Actara has demonstrated some efficacy in a previous trial but will be limited to two
to four applications per crop; therefore, treatment regimes including the above
products are being evaluated. The insect growth regulator Dimilin and Naturalis-L,
a product containing the insect pathogenic fungus Beauvaria bassiana, have
demonstrated efficacy against the boll weevil, a closely related insect to the pepper
weevil.









EVALUATION OF GREEN AND UV-REFLECTIVE MULCHES
FOR MANAGING THE SILVERLEAF WHITEFLY, TOMATO MOTILE
VIRUS AND IRREGULAR RIPENING

D. J. SCHUSTER & P. A. STANSLY

Location: Block B, Land 8

Objective: Evaluate commercial and experimental plastic mulches for management of the
silverleaf whitefly, irregular ripening and tomato mottle virus, a geminivirus
transmitted by the whitefly.


Tomato, cv Agriset; Transplanted 16 March 1999


Treatments:



Operation:


Standard black plastic
Aluminum on white plastic
Black plastic painted 'tomato green'


Plots consist of three 18 ft long replicated four times in a randomized complete block
design. The numbers of adults, sessile nymphs and pupae of the SLWF are being
counted weekly on the middle 10 plants of the middle row of each plot. All plants
in each plot are being inspected weekly for symptoms of ToMoV, a geminivirus
transmitted by the SLWF. Pink and red ripe fruit will be harvested weekly and each
will be rated 1-5 for external symptoms of IRR.


Summary: Aluminum, UV-reflective mulches have been shown in previous experiments to
result in fewer alighting SLWF adults and in delaying the incidence of tomato plants
with symptoms of ToMoV. Other experiments have suggested that tomato plants
growing in association with other plants, such as cover crops, also have fewer
alighting SLWF adults and delayed virus incidence. Therefore, the tomato leaves
were scanned and matched with green paint. The paint was applied to the standard
black plastic with the hope that tomato plants growing on the plastic would be less
'apparent' to migrating SLWF adults.


Crop:









SURVEY OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF THE PEPPER WEEVIL


D. J. SCHUSTER

Location: Block B-east

Objective: Monitor the presence and abundance of naturally occurring parasites attacking the
pepper weevil (PW).


Wild and cultivated pepper


Operation:




Summary:


Flower buds and fruit of various wild and cultivated types of small-fruited peppers
are being collected periodically, returned to the laboratory and observed for
emergence of the PW and parasite species. Weevil and parasite specimens are being
preserved and sent to taxonomic experts for identification.

The only parasite that has been collected in any number is Catolaccus hunter
Crawford. This is the same species that has been recovered in previous surveys in
Forida, Puerto Rico and Mexico. Specimens of another parasite species in the genus
Triaspis have been collected in Mexico and were brought to the quarantine facility
at the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services in Gainesville. The
parasite attacks eggs or first instar larvae and may very useful for releasing in Florida
if it can be cultured in the lab.


Crop:


























































51









TOUR 3 VEGETABLE CROP PRODUCTION


Page Topic

54 Effect of Reduced Water Table Levels on Water Requirements for Subirrigated
Tomato Production

55 Run-off Characteristics of Row Cropped Vegetable Production on Flatwoods Soils
as Affected by Bed Covering

56 Evaluation of 'Atonik' Foliar Biostimulant on Vegetables

58 Residual Effect of Compost on Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Vegetables

60 Strawberry Fumigant Trial

62 Effect of Pepper Fumigant Program on Double Cropped Squash

64 Long Term Effects of Methyl Bromide Alternatives and Cropping Systems on
Soilborne Pest Control

65 Reduced Rates of Methyl Bromide with Gas Impermeable Mulch Film

66 Nutsedge Control in Pepper



























































53









EFFECT OF REDUCED WATER TABLE LEVELS ON WATER REQUIREMENTS
FOR SUBIRRIGATED TOMATO PRODUCTION

C. D. STANLEY

Location: Block M

Objective: To determine the impact of a reduced water table for subirrigated tomatoes on
irrigation requirements and production


Treatments:



Procedure:


A 18-inch water table (using fully-enclosed subirrigation)
B 24-inch water table (using fully-enclosed subirrigation)
C 18-inch water table (using conventional seepage subirrigation)

Each treatment area has monitoring controls to maintain and measure irrigation
inflows and water table depths. Production data will be used to evaluate if
differences in irrigation treatments affect fruit yield and quality. Water application
information will be used to comparatively determine differences in amounts as a
result of the treatments.


Summary: The development of the fully enclosed seepage (FES) irrigation system has allowed
control of a stabilized water table level in the field as well as significant reduction in
application amounts required compared to ditch-conveyed seepage. Since water is
applied through microirrigation tubing, this systems offers a greater degree of
application uniformity, increased control over application amounts, and elimination
of runoff. If microirrigation tubing is installed at a depth below the tillage zone, then
the same tubing can be utilized for several years. The ability to control the depth of
the water table with this system allow study of the impact of lowering the water table
below conventional levels, thus, reducing seasonal applications. This would also
allow for more soil water storage capacity to absorb rainfall because there is more
unsaturated soil volume present, thus, reducing surface runoff to some degree.









RUNOFF CHARACTERISTICS OF ROW CROPPED VEGETABLE PRODUCTION
ON FLATWOODS SOILS AS AFFECTED BY BED COVERING

C. D. STANLEY


Location:

Objective:



Crop:

Treatments:


Procedure:


Block L, Lands 10, 11

Determination of runoff characteristics for a bedded production field prepared with
varying degrees of coverage ofplastic mulch and the influence initial and subsequent
water table levels have on infiltration and surface runoff characteristics.

Tomato, cv. Equinox

Plastic mulch coverage % Initial water table position
1)44% (6 rows / land) 1) -18 inches
2) 22% (3 rows / land) 2) -24 inches
3) no plastic
Thus: 6 treatment combinations replicated a minimum of 3 times (over time)

The study area contains water table level observation wells to monitor changes in
levels (every 15 minutes) throughout the data collection period. The target water
table level is established a few days prior to the data collection period. A steady rate
of 0.4 inches/hr of overhead irrigation is applied through the period to simulate
rainfall. All runoff from the site is collected and measured every 15 minutes. Water
is added to the site until a steady state condition (inflow/outflow) is achieved, upon
which time the collection period is terminated. The relationship between runoff
characteristics and the initial water table position/plastic mulch coverage will be
compared for all treatment combinations to assess the impact that the treatments have
on affecting runoff.


Summary: The need to control and minimize surface runoff from agricultural production areas
has received considerable attention in recent years. Besides the potential detrimental
effects that additional quantities of water may have on downstream locations, the
possible loss of applied nutrients to these locations is of concern. While some
improved management practices and strategies can limit surface runoff if properly
implemented, there is additional information needed to fully understand how
conventional production methods may affect the runoffprocesses. If the presence of
plastic mulch does cause an increase in surface runoffto occur, then investigations
would be needed to determine to what degree it contributes to the problem. This
project is an effort to understand the processes which are operating and, eventually,
quantify the effect.









EVALUATION OF 'ATONIK' FOLIAR BIOSTIMULANT ON VEGETABLES


A. A. CSIZINSZKY


Location: Block L, Land 2


1) Evaluate the yield response of cucumber, bell pepper and tomato to foliar
applications of Atonik biostimulant.
2) Evaluate the macro and microelemental concentrations in shoots and fruits of
'Atonik' treated cucumbers, bell peppers and tomatoes.
3) Measure plant growth of 'Atonik' treated cucumber, bell pepper and tomato
plants.


Tomato,
Bell Pepper,
Cucumber,


1. Equinox
1. Brigadier
1. Dasher II


2. Florida 47
2. Valiant
2. Tropicuke


Atonik (+) and water control (-).

Tomato. Five-week old 'Equinox' and 'Florida 47' seedlings were planted on 16
February 1999 in single row per bed at 24-inch within-row spacing. The crop
received one Ib N, one lb P205 and two lb K20/100 lbf from pre-plant dry fertilizers.
The remaining amounts of N (2 lb) and K20 (4 lb/100 lbf) will be applied from a
liquid 4-0-8 fertilizer injected through the irrigation tubes. Plants will be treated five
times during the season with the 'Atonik' product. Plant height will be measured
periodically. Shoot samples will be taken at first bloom, then at fruit set and at
harvest for macro and microelemental analyses. Fruit samples for macro and
microelemental analyses will be taken at harvest. Soil samples for pH, TSS and
macro and microelemental analyses were taken prior to land preparation, then after
transplanting and will be taken after the last harvest. Yields will be evaluated in
multiple harvest.

Bell Pepper. Six-week old 'Brigadier' and 'Valiant' seedlings were planted on 2
March 1999 in double rows on the mulched beds at 12 inches between- and 12 inches
within-row spacing. The crop received one lb N, one lb P205 and one lb of K20/100
lbf prior to planting. The remaining amounts of N (two lb/100 lbf) and K20 (two
lb/100 lbf) will be applied from a 4-0-4 analysis liquid fertilizer injected through the
trickle irrigation tubes. The bell pepper plants will be treated three times with the
'Atonik' spray during the season. Plant height measurements and the collection of
soil, fruit and leaf samples for analyses will be similar to those described above for
tomatoes. Yields (weight and number of fruits) will be evaluated in multiple harvests
and fruits will be graded according to USDA standards.


Objectives:


Crop:


Treatment:

Procedure:









Cucumber. 'Dasher II' and 'Tropicuke' seeds were planted in single rows on the
beds at 12-inch within-row spacing. The crop received 0.5 lb N, 1 lb P20, and 0.5 lb
of K20/100 lbf from dry fertilizer sources prior to planting. The remaining amounts
ofN (1.25 lb/100 lbf) and K20 (1.25 lb/100 lbf) will be applied from a 4-0-4 analysis
liquid fertilizer injected through the trickle irrigation tubes. Plants will be trellised
and treated four times with the 'Atonic' spray. Plant heights will be measured
periodically. Soil, petiole and fruit samples will be collected for analyses as
described for tomatoes. Yields will be evaluated in multiple harvests and graded
according to USDA standards.

In previous studies conducted at the GCREC-Bradenton, the 'Atonik' spray increased
the early yields of extra-large and marketable total fruits of 'Agriset 761' tomatoes
compared to water control. Bell pepper and cucumber yields in those studies were
similar with 'Atonik' or water treatments.


Summary:









RESIDUAL EFFECT OF COMPOST ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND
YIELD OF VEGETABLES

A. A. CSIZINSZKY


Location: Block L, Lands 6-7


1) To evaluate the residual effect of compost rates on vegetable yields.
2) To evaluate the feasibility of sequential production of vegetables with the full-
bed polyethylene mulch-microirrigation system.
3) To determine the elemental concentrations in vegetable shoots and fruits grown
in compost amended soil.
4) To determine elemental concentrations in the soil.


Treatments:


Procedure:


Compost
/+I A\


Pre-plant dry
N Tnd AV


Liquid
N 0and K


1 0 +
2 5 +
3 10 +
4 15 +
5 0 + +
6 5 + +
7 10 + +
8 15 + +


Cucumber, cv. Dasher II, seeds were sown in a single row on the bed at 12-inch
within-row spacing on 31 March 1999. The cucumber crop was preceded by a
cabbage crop (Jan-Mar. 1999) and by a tomato crop (Aug-Dec. 1998). The plastic
mulch and the trickle irrigation tubes were left in place after the tomato and cabbage
pre-crops. In one-half of the plots, 30% of the N and K, at 1 lb of N and 2 lb of
K20/100 linear bed ft (lbf), were applied prior to planting from a dry 15-0-30
fertilizer. The remaining amounts ofN (2 lb N/100 lbf) and K (4 lb ofK20/100 lbf)
were applied from a liquid 4-0-8 analysis fertilizer during the season. In the plots
that did not receive pre-plant dry N and K fertilizers, only liquid fertilizer, at 2 lb of
N and 4 lb of K20/100 lbf were applied for the tomato crop. The cabbage and
cucumber crops received N and K from a liquid 4-0-4 analysis fertilizer. The land
in 1997 received compost at 0, 5, 10 or 15 t/A then cropped with tomato (Aug-Dec.
1997), then with cabbage (Jan-Mar. 1998) and cucumber (Mar-Jun, 1998). For the
present cucumber crop, soil samples from each plot were taken prior to planting and
analyzed for pH, total soluble salts (TSS) and macro and microelemental
concentrations. Soil samples will also be analyzed after harvesting. Nitrogen and K
for the crop will be applied from a 4-0-4 analysis liquid fertilizer injected through the
trickle tubes. Petiole and fruit samples will be taken from each plot at midway


Objectives:









through the harvest season and analyzed for macro and microelement concentrations.
Yields will be evaluated in multiple harvests.

Summary: Tomato yields in fall 1998 (i.e. one year after compost application) were best in the
plots that received 10 t/A compost and pre-plant dry + liquid fertilizers. Cabbage
yields in winter-spring 1999 increased with increasing compost rates. High
concentrations ofP, Mg, Al, Fe and Mn were detected in the soil samples from plots
that received 15 t/A compost.









STRAWBERRY FUMIGANT TRIAL


J. P. GILREATH, J. W. NOLING & S. J. LOCASCIO

Location: Block C, Land 25

Objective: Evaluate alternatives to methyl bromide for use in strawberry production with bare
root and plug plants.


Crop:


Strawberry, cv. Chandler. Transplanted 21 October 1998


Treatments:


Fumigant


1 through 9 = bare root plants
11 through 19 = plug plants


--------------Bare root plants---------------


1. Nontreated
2. Methyl bromide
(67/33)
3. Chloropicrin
Devrinol
4. Telone C-35
Devrinol
5. Vapam
Devrinol
6. Vapam
Telone II
Devrinol
7. Solarization (3 mil IR)
8. TeloneC-35
Solarization
9. Vapam
Telone II
Solarization

10. Nontreated
11. Methyl bromide
(67/33)
12. Chloropicrin
Devrinol
13. Telone C-35
Devrinol
14. Vapam
Devrinol


0
350 lb

300 lb
4 lb.a.i.
35 gal
4 lb.a.i.
150 gal
4 lb.a.i.
150 gal
12 gal
4 lb.a.i.
n/a
35 gal

150 gal
12 gal


n/a
chisel

chisel
ppi
chisel
ppi
ppi
ppi
ppi
chisel
ppi
(paint black later)
chisel
(Paint black later)
ppi
chisel
(Paint black later)


--------------------Plug plants-------------- ---
0 n/a
350 lb chisel


300 lb
4 lb.a.i.
35 gal
4 lb.a.i.
150 gal
4 lb.a.i.


chisel
ppi
chisel
ppi
ppi
ppi


R ate/acre


Methodofa location









15. Vapam
Telone II
Devrinol
16. Solarization (3 mil IR)
17. Telone C-35
Solarization
18. Vapam
Telone II
Solarization


Procedure:









Summary:


150 gal
12 gal
4 lb.a.i.
n/a
35 gal

150 gal
12 gal


ppi
chisel
ppi

chisel

ppi
chisel


Devrinol was sprayed on the bed surface, incorporated with a rototiller, then the beds
were reshaped on 18 August 1998 for those treatments which included Devrinol.
Fumigants were applied the same day. Clear plastic (IR retentive film) was laid at
that time for solarization treatments and black low density polyethylene film was
used for all other treatments. Bare root plants were transplanted on 21 October 1998
and plug plants were planted 23 October. Overhead sprinklers were used to establish
plants then the crop was grown with drip irrigation. Data being collected include
weed control in the bed, sting nematode assays and strawberry yield.

Plants were well established after 2 weeks. Growth ofplug plants lagged behind bare
root plants until after Christmas, then caught up. Soil solarization provided poor
weed control and plants have not grown as well unless a fumigant was included.
Plug plants were slower coming into production than bare root plants. The
experiment is still in progress.









EFFECT OF PEPPER FUMIGANT PROGRAMS ON DOUBLE CROPPED SQUASH


J. P. GILREATH AND J. W. NOLING

Location: Block C, Land 22


Objective:



Crop:

Treatments:


Determine the residual effects of methyl bromide alternatives in pepper on weed
control, nematodes and squash production when double cropped following fall
pepper.

Squash, cv. Goldie, seeded 11 March 1999


No.


Fumigant
(Main olot)


Rate/A


Devrinol
(Lb.a.i./A)


None
Methyl
Bromide
(67/33)
Vapam +
Telone C-17 +
Vapam +
Solarization
Telone C-17 +
Solarization
None
Methyl
Bromide
(67/33)
Vapam +
Telone C-17 +
Vapam +
Solarization
Telone C-17 +
Solarization


0.0
350 lb


75 gal
35 gal
75 gal

35 gal

0.0
350 lb


75 gal
35 gal
75 gal

35 gal


Fumigants and Devrinol were applied on 13 and 14 August 1998. Soil solarization
was initiated at the same time and continued for 6 weeks. Clear plastic was painted
with white latex paint (Kool Grow). Peppers were transplanted and grown then
sprayed with Diquat to kill them and any weeds in the beds and row middles in
January 1999. Squash was seeded into the beds and grown, harvesting as needed.
Weed control and root knot nematode control will be assessed as needed and squash
yield will be determined to assess the residual effectiveness of the treatments on
double cropped squash.


1)
2)


3)
4)
5)

6)

7)
8)


9)
10)
11)

12)


Procedure:


,-------,-I










Summary: Pepper yields were not greatly affected by treatment. Soil solarization was not very
effective in this study, unless combined with a fumigant. Devrinol provided good
weed control for the fall pepper crop but weeds became a problem during the fallow
period in the winter. The squash crop will be harvested and data collected as
appropriate.









LONG TERM EFFECTS OF METHYL BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES AND
CROPPING SYSTEMS ON SOILBORNE PEST CONTROL

J. P. GILREATH, J. W. NOLING, D. O. CHELLEMI & S. J. LOCASCIO

Location: Block C, Lands 8, 9, 11-14, 26, 27, 29-32


Objective:




Crop:

Treatments:


To determine the effects of successive seasons of alternatives to methyl bromide on
soilborne pest control, including weeds, diseases and nematodes, when used on fall
tomatoes followed in the spring by 1) double crop production of cucumber, 2) cover
crop production of millet, or 3) weed fallow.

Cucumber, cv. Competitor, seeded 18 February 1999

Fall application


Alternative
1. Nontreated
2. Methyl bromide 67/33
3. Telone C-17 +
Tillam
4. Solarization +
SoilGuard


Rate / acre
0
350 Ibs.
35 gal.
4 lb.a.i.
8 weeks, clear mulch
drench


Soil was solarized during the summer of 1998 by covering beds with clear
polyethylene film for 8 weeks after which period the film was painted white with
latex paint. The other treatments were applied 10 days after the solarization was
begun to assure that any salt damage potential from having the fertilizer bands in
place for so long would be equal across treatments. Tillam was applied broadcast
before bed formation and was incorporated with a field cultivator (s tine harrow with
crumbler bars). Telone C-17 and methyl bromide were injected into the beds through
three chisels, then beds were covered with white on black mulch film. Nutsedge
which emerged through the mulch film in the nontreated control was sprayed with
paraquat to bum it back prior to transplanting fall tomatoes. Tomatoes were grown
and harvested, then the plants were killed with paraquat and the field left idle until
cucumbers were seeded in the beds in the spring as a double crop to assess the
residual effects of the fall treatments on soilborne pests and crop production.

Soil solarization performed poorly in this experiment. Control of all the soilborne
pests was very poor and yields of tomatoes were similar to the no fumigant treatment.
Soilborne pest control and tomato fruit production were similar with methyl bromide
and Telone C-17 + Tillam. Data are being collected this spring on the incidence of
nutsedge and other soilbome pests in the cucumber crop and cucumber yields are
being recorded.


Procedure:














Summary:









REDUCED RATES OF METHYL BROMIDE WITH
GAS IMPERMEABLE MULCH FILM

J. P. GILREATH AND D. O. CHELLEMI


Location: Block E, Land 11

Objective: Investigate the efficacy of reduced rates of methyl bromide with two virtually
impermeable mulch films for control of purple nutsedge in pepper.


Crop:


Pepper, cv. Camelot X3R, transplanted 30 March 1999


Treatments:











Procedure:


Fumigant Rate/acre Mulch film

A. Nontreated 0 black LDPE
B. Methyl bromide 350 lbs. black LDPE
(67/33)
C. Methyl bromide 175 lbs. Plastopil clear
D. Methyl bromide 87.5 lbs. Plastopil clear
E. Methyl bromide 175 lbs. Vikase green
F. Methyl bromide 87.5 lbs. Vikase green


Methyl bromide was injected into the beds with three chisels per bed on 2 March
1999 and beds were covered with mulch film within 1 to 2 minutes offumigant
application. The clear Plastopil and the green Vikase films were painted black with
flat black latex paint using a Solo knapsack sprayer on 29 March 1999, one day prior
to transplanting. Transplants were set 28 days after fumigation. The delay was due
to plant availability. Nutsedge plants emerging through the mulch film and in the
plant holes are being counted at intervals during the production season. Plants will
be monitored for the presence of soilborne diseases. Pepper plant vigor and fruit
production will be determined as appropriate.


Summary: Previous work with several mulch films suggested that the Plastopil and Vikase
films provided good soilborne disease control with reduced rates of methyl bromide;
however, disease pressure was never high enough to critically assess the ability to
improve the performance of methyl bromide when applied at reduced rates. This
study is designed to investigate the impact on purple nutsedge, the most difficult to
control of those weeds commonly encountered in pepper, by conducting the study in
a field with a naturally high nutsedge population. Early results indicate that both
impermeable films provide good nutsedge control with methyl bromide even at rates
as low as 1/4 the normal use rate for nutsedge control. No damage has been observed
on pepper with these films.









NUTSEDGE CONTROL IN PEPPER


J.P. GILREATH


Location: Block E, Land 12


Objective:


Crop:

Treatments:


Evaluate herbicides, alone and in combination, for nutsedge control in mulched
pepper.

Pepper, cv. Camelot X3R, transplanted 30 March 1999


Herbicide


Rate
(lh a i /A)


Method of
A nlir natinn


Nontreated
Devrinol 50DF
Dual 8EC
Dual
Dual Magnum 7.62 EC
Dual II Magnum 7.64EC
Dual
Dual Magnum
Dual II Magnum
Tillam 6 EC
Tillam
Devrinol +
Dual
Devrinol +
Tillam
Dual +
Tillam
Devrinol +
Dual
Devrinol +
Tillam
Dual +
Tillam
Devrinol +
Dual +
Tillam


Beds were formed then herbicides were applied and rototilled into the bed (ppi) or
sprayed on the soil surface (pre) on 16 March 1999. After all preplant incorporated
treatments were applied the beds were reformed then the pre applications were made.


Procedure:


J .V> .JtW VW ..^. p pJ t tJ A









Once all treatments were applied, the beds were covered with standard black low
density polyethylene film mulch. Nutsedge plants emerging through the mulch and
in the plant holes will be counted at intervals during the season. Pepper plant vigor
will be assessed several times during the season and fruit production will be
determined.

Summary: Dual has shown promise for use in pepper but peppers are sensitive to the rate.
Preplant incorporated applications have performed better than soil surface
applications. Tillam was never labeled for use on pepper due to damage observed
in some trials and it has produced injury in trials here on occasion. When the rate is
reduced, there is less damage, but weed control declines, too. Devrinol performance
has been erratic. Combining Devrinol with Tillam or Dual has provided mixed
results. This experiment is a follow up to earlier ones to once again assess the
performance of these materials and newer formulations of Dual.









ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF INDUSTRY SUPPORT
FOR THE RESEARCH AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS AT
THE GULF COAST RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER
Bradenton, Florida

The effectiveness of the research and extension programs at the Gulf Coast Research and Education
Center in Bradenton has been greatly enhanced by the excellent support from various segments of
the agribusiness industries and producers, both locally and nationally. This support, in the form of
financial grants-in-aid, supplies, services, or equipment, supplements existing state funds and makes
each research project at the Center far more productive than could be realized otherwise. We
sincerely appreciate your participation in these research programs and are pleased to acknowledge
your support.

Listed below are the names of agencies, firms, or individuals who have contributed significantly to
the research programs during the past two years. We trust that our records are complete and say
again, "Thank you for your confidence."


Abbott & Cobb, Inc.
Abbott Laboratories
Acadian Seaplants Limited
Agdia, Inc.
AgGuard, Inc.
Agr Evo
AgriPhi, Inc.
Agrisales, Inc.
Agrium, Inc.
Agway, Inc.
Allied Technologies, Inc.
American Cyanamid
American Floral Endowment
American Nursery Labels
American Seed Research Foundation
American Sunmelon
American Takii
Artesian Farms
Asahi Chemical Manufacturing Co.
Asgrow Seed Seminis
Ball Seed
Ball Flora Plant
Bares & Thomburg
BASF, Inc.
Bates Sons & Daughters
Bayer Corp.
Bedding Plants Foundation, Inc.
Bedding Plants International


Feasterville, PA
North Chicago, IL
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
Elkhart, IN
Orlando, FL
Wilmington, DE
Logan, UT
Plant City, FL
Saskatoon, Canada
Elizabethtown, PA
Tampa, FL
Princeton, NJ
Glen Carbon, IL
Port Orange, FL
Washington, DC
Oklahoma City, OK
Salinas, CA
Ruskin, FL
NARA PREF., Japan
Saticoy, CA
West Chicago, IL
West Chicago, IL
Indianapolis, IN
Res. Triangle Park, NC
Lake Placid, FL
Atlanta, GA
Lansing, MI
Lansing, MI









Benary Seed Growers, Ltd.
Ernst Benary of America, Inc.
Bermuda Government
Biofac, Inc.
Biosys
BioWorks, Inc.
Bodger Seeds, Ltd.
Bud Farms
Bunting Biological
Caladium Growers Association
Capella Farms
Cedar Chemical Co.
Chu Farms
Church & Dwight Co.
Daehnfeldt, Inc.
Dean for Research Office-
Project Enhancement Award
Deseret Farms
Diehl Farms
DiMare Farms
Dominion BioSciences, Inc.
Dorsing Seed
Dover Hardware
Dow Elanco
Dow Elanco
Dow Elanco
DNA Plant Technologies, Inc.
DuPont de Nemours & Co., Inc.
Ecke Poinsettias
Ecogen, Inc.
Eden BioScience Corp.
Elf Atochem North America, Inc.
Elsberry Farms, Inc.
Elsberry Greenhouses
Express Seed Co.
Ferry-Morse Seed Co.
Fischer USA, Inc.
Florida Dept. of Agriculture & Consumer Serv.
Florida Foundation Seed Producers
Florida Fruit & Vegetable Assoc.
Florida Nurserymen & Growers Assoc.
Florida Nurserymen & Growers Assoc.-
Manasota Chapter
Florida Seed Co.
Florida Strawberry Growers Assoc., Inc.


Hannover, Munden, Germany
Sycamore, IL
Hamilton HM CX, Bermuda
Mathis, TX
Columbia, MD
Geneva, NY
S. El Monte, CA
Parrish, FL
Oxnard, CA
Lake Placid, FL
Pompano Beach, FL
Memphis, TN
Wimauma, FL
Princeton, NY
Albany, OR

Gainesville, FL
Ruskin, FL
Ruskin, FL

Blacksburg, VA
El Centro, CA
Dover, FL
Winter Haven, FL
Plant City, FL
Midland, MI
Oakland, CA
Wilmington, DE
Encinitas, CA
Langhorne, PA
Poulsbo, WA; Bethel, WA
Philadelphia, PA
Ruskin, FL
Ruskin, FL
Oberlin, OH
Modesto, CA
Boulder, CO
Tallahassee, FL
Greenwood, FL
Orlando, FL
Orlando, FL

Sarasota, FL
Lakeland, FL
Plant City, FL









Florida Strawberry Festival
Florida Tomato Committee
Florida Watermelon Assoc.
FMC Corporation
Four-Star Farms
Gargiulo L.P.
Glades Crop Care
Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation
Goldsmith Seed, Inc.
Gowan Comp. LLC
Grace-Sierra
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Griffin Corp.
G. S. Grimes
Hampshire Chemical Corp.
Happiness Farms, Inc.
Harllee Farms
Harllee-Gargiulo, Inc.
Harloff Farms
Headstart Nursery, Inc.
Heartland Fertilizer Co.
Helena Chemical
HMS Soil Fumigation, Inc.
Hollar & Company, Inc.
Horticultural Marketing Assoc.
Hunsader Brothers
IMC Vigoro
ISK Biosciences Corp.
ISK Biosciences
Kennco Manufacturing, Inc.
Koppert Biological Systems
Laminations, Inc.
Leonard Farms
Manatee Fruit Co.
Martinez Farms
Meister Publishing Co.
Monsanto Agricultural Products Co.
Mycogen
Myotech
Natural Industries
North American Film Corp.
North American Flowerbulb Wholesalers
North American Strawberry Growers Res. Fdn.
Novartis Crop Protection
Novartis Seeds, Inc. Vegetables NAFTA


Plant City, FL
Orlando, FL
Marianna, FL
New York, NY
Manatee County, FL
Naples, FL
Jupiter, FL
Harrison, NY
Gilroy, CA
Ridgeland, MS
Milpitas, CA
Sarasota, FL
Valdosta, GA
Concord, OH
Lexington, MA
Lake Placid, FL
Palmetto, FL
Palmetto, FL
Manatee County, FL
Gilroy, CA
Palmetto, FL
Tampa, FL
Palmetto, FL
Rocky Ford, CO
North Kingsville, OH
Bradenton, FL
Winter Haven, FL
Marietta, GA
Ponte Vedra Beach, FL
Ruskin, FL
Berkel EN Rodenrijs, Netherlands
Scranton, PA
Sun City, FL
Palmetto, FL
Palmetto, FL
Willoughby, OH
Tangerine, FL
San Diego, CA
Butte, MT
Houston, TX
Valrico, FL
Ninety Six, SC
W. Paducah, KY
Greensboro, NC
Boise, ID









Novo Nordisk Entotech, Inc.
Nunhems Seed
Oglevee, Ltd.
Orban's Nursery
D. Palmer Seed Co., Inc.
Pacific Farms
Pan American Seed Co.
Parker Island Bulb Co., Inc.
Parkesdale Farms, Inc.
Pepper Research, Inc.
Perfection Farms
Petoseeds-Seminis
Pine Island Organics
Plant Farm, Inc.
Plants, Inc. of Sarasota
Plants of Ruskin
Regal Chemical Co.
Rhone-Poulenc Chemical Co.
Rio Colorado Seeds, Inc.
Rohm & Haas Co.
Roquette Corp.
Rotem-Amfert-Negev
Royal Sluis, Inc.-Seminis
S&G Seeds, Inc.
Safe Science, Inc.
Saffold Farms
Sakata Seed America, Inc.
Samen Mauser America, Inc.
Sandland Farms
Sankyo Comp. LTD
Sanwa Growers, Inc.
O. M. Scott & Sons
Seed Growers, Ltd.
Shamrock Seeds
SHARE Program
Sluis & Groot
Soria Farms
Source Technology Biologicals, Inc.
Southern Agricultural Chemicals Co.
Southwest FL Water Management District
Spaulding Bulb Farm, Inc.
Speedling, Inc.
Spencer Farms
Albert & Helen Stankie
Stoller Enterprises


Davis, CA
Lewisville, IO
Connelsville, PA
Bradenton, FL
Yuma, AZ
Parrish, FL
W. Chicago, IL
Lake Placid, FL
Plant City, FL
Loxahattchee, FL
Parrish, FL
Saticoy, CA
Pine Island, FL
Sarasota, FL
Sarasota, FL
Ruskin, FL
Alpharetta, GA
New Brunswick, NJ
Yuma, AZ
Philadelphia, PA
Gurnee, IL
Ashdod, Israel
Salinas, CA
Downers Grove, IL
Boston, MA
Parrish, FL
Morgan Hill, CA
El Centro, CA
Parrish, FL
Chuo-Ku, Japan
Wimauma, Fl
Marysville, OH
Hannover, Germany
Salinas, CA
Gainesville, FL
Ft. Wayne, IN
Apollo Beach, FL
Edina, MN
Rubonia, FL
Brooksville, FL
Sebring, FL
Sun City, FL
Wimauma, FL
Ft. Pierce, FL
Houston, TX









Sugar Creek Seed, Inc.
Suncoast Greenhouses
Sunseeds Co.
Swartz-Taylor Farms
Swartz-Strano Farms
Taylor & Fulton Greenhouses & Farms
Taylor & Fulton Packinghouse
Terra Asgrow
Terra International, Inc.
Todd International
TOMEN AGRO, Inc.
Transagricola, SA
Tropicana Products, Inc.
UCB Chemicals
Uniroyal Chemical Co.
United Agricultural Products
Universal Enterprises
USDA Florist & Nursery Crops Laboratory
USDA-Tropical & Subtropical Agric.
USDA-Horticultural Sci. Institute
VJ Growers Supply
Vacumet Corp.
Valent USA Corp.
John C. Van Diepen
Vaughans Seeds
Verlite
Vilmorin, Inc.
WA Cleary Chemical Corp.
Walden-Sparkman, Inc.
Walker Farms
Waller Flowerseed
West Coast Tomatoes, Inc.
Whisenant Farms
Whitmire Research Labs, Inc.
Wilhite Seed Co.
Yoder Brothers, Inc.
Zeneca


Hinton, OK
Seffner, FL
Morgan Hill, CA
Sarasota, FL
Sarasota, FL
Ellenton, FL
Palmetto, FL
Ellenton, FL
Sioux City, IA
Apollo Beach, FL
San Francisco, CA
Navarete, Dom. Rep.
Bradenton, FL
Smyrna, GA
Raleigh, NC
Tampa, FL
Sarasota, FL

Washington, DC
Beltsville, MD
Apopka, FL
Wayne, NJ
Tallahassee, FL
Felton, CA
Downers Grove, IL
Tampa, FL
Empire, CA
Somerset, NJ
Dover, FL
Parrish, FL
Guadalupe, CA
Palmetto, FL
Parrish, FL
St. Louis, MO
Poolville, TX
Barberton, OH
Wilmington, DE


Note: The information contained in this report is a summary of experimental results and should not be used as
recommendations for crop production. Where trade names are used, no discrimination is intended and
no endorsement is implied.









Vision


The vision for the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS)
is to increase and strengthen the knowledge base and technology for:

* EXPANDING the profitability of global competitiveness and sustainability of the food, fiber
and agricultural industries of Florida.

* PROTECTING and SUSTAINING natural resource and environmental systems.

* ENHANCING the development of human resources.

* IMPROVING the quality of human life.




Mission


The mission of UF/IFAS is to develop knowledge in agricultural, human and natural resources and
to make that knowledge accessible to sustain and enhance the quality of human life.





Gulf Coast Research and Education Center Bradenton
5007 60th Street East
Bradenton, FL 34203









University of Florida 0 Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences 0 Cooperative Extension Serviceb Christine
Taylor Stephens, Dean.
Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Richard
L. Jones, Dean for Research, publishes this information to further programs and related activities to all persons
regardless of race, color, age, sex, handicap or national origin. For information about alternate formats, contact the
Educational Media and Services Unit, University of Florida, PO Box 110810, Gainesville, FL 32611-0810. The
information was published April 1999 as Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA-1999-3, Florida Agricultural
Experiment Station.