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Title Page | |
Agenda | |
Table of Contents | |
Introduction | |
History of the Agricultural Research... | |
List of faculty | |
Facilities of AREC - Bradenton | |
Research | |
Acknowledgement | |
Map: location of AREC |
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Front Cover
Front Cover Title Page Title Page Agenda Page 1 Table of Contents Page 2 Page 2a Introduction Page 3 History of the Agricultural Research and Education Center - Bradenton Page 4 List of faculty Page 5 Page 6 Facilities of AREC - Bradenton Page 7 Page 8 Research Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Acknowledgement Page 27 Page 28 Map: location of AREC Page 29 |
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AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON, FLORIDA 33RD VEGETABLE FIELD DAY MAY 22, 1979 BRADENTON AREC RESEARCH REPORT GC-1979-6 J. P. JONES AND D, S. BURGIS, EDITORS PRINTING: EDITORIAL DEPT,, IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA / /-7 ate,,-L^ AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER, BRADENTON 33rd Vegetable Field Day Program Moderator: R. M. Aalberg, Manatee County Extension Director Tuesday A.M. 10:00 10:10 10:30 - 10:10 - 10:30 - 12:10 Welcome and Introductions Observations and Remarks Research Highlights by the - W. E. Waters, Center Director - F. A. Wood, Dean for Research Research and Extension Faculty Fluoride and Sulfur Dioxide Air Pollution - Plant Nutrient: Water Relationships - - Seep and Drip Irrigation of Vegetables - Square Bar Applicator - - - Herbicides, Vegetable Varieties, and Tile Irrigation - - - - Tomato and Cucurbit Breeding - - 'A New Tomato Yellowing Virus Disease - Insect Management - - - - Nematode Management - - Disease Management - - S. S. Woltz C. M. Geraldsonk^ A. A. Csizinszkyf J. W. Mishoe,t-- O'Neil Akers D. S. Burgis,/" J. S. Rogers J. J. Augustinev' P. H. Everett / D. J. Schuster(j-" A. J. Overmans J. P. Jones- M. 12:10 1:15 1:15 3:30 Picnic box lunch under the oaks at AREC-Bradenton Tour of research plots AREC-Bradenton -&~i~ I 10:30 10:40 10:50 11:00 11:10 11:20 11:30 11:50 12:00 - li~h - /q2~- a~e, ~YLt~c~CL~bw TABLE OF CONTENTS Schedule of Activities .......................................---...... Table of Contents ....................................----........ Introduction ......................... ................................ . History of Station ................................................... . List of Faculty ......................................... .....**..... Facilities of AREC-Bradenton ........................................... Acknowledgment of Industry Support Contributors ........................... FIELD TOUR (R. T. Montgomery, Manatee County Extension Agent) Faculty and Experimental Plots listed respective to stations .............................. .. ............... . TOUR STOPS 1. Sulfur Dioxide and Fluoride Effects on Vegetable Crops (S. S. Woltz) ........................ ...................... 2. Square Bar Fertilizer: Fumigant Machine Demonstration (W. Mishoe and 0. Akers) ......... ............... ...... .... 3. Replicated and Observational South Tomato Exchange Program (STEP) and Fixed Florida Tomato and Pepper Lines A. Seep versus subirrigation (J. S. Rogers and D. S. Burgis) ... B. Replicated hand harvest (determinate tomatoes) (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) ........................ C. STEP observational (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) ....... D. Replicated machine harvest, machine harvest observational, replicated processing tomatoes (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) ............................................ . E. Sweet pepper varieties and lines (D. S. Burgis and G. J. Wilfret) ........................... .... ........... . F. Hand harvested and staked tomatoes, cherry tomatoes and STEP lines (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) ............. 4. A. Selection of muskmelon lines tolerant to pickleworm (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) ...................... B. Pesticide control of pickleworm and melonworm of cucurbits (D. J. Schuster) ................................. .......... Page 1 2 3 4 5-6 7 27-28 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 14 15 TOUR STOPS (Continued) Page 5. A. Selection of tomatoes tolerant to pinworm (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) ...................................... 16 B. Selection of tomato lines tolerant to pinworm and leafminer (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) ...................... 17 C. Control of lepidopterous larvae of cabbage (D. J. Schuster, (R. B. Chalfant, and R. B. Workman) ....................... 18 6. Effect of nematodes and wilt diseases on near-isogenic tomato lines (A. J. Overman, J. J. Augustine, and J. P. Jones) .. 19 7. Production of vegetables with controlled seep irrigation (A. A. Csizinszky) ...................................... 20 8. Fertilizer: Irrigation (seep, drip) relationships (C. M. Geraldson) ...................................... 21 9. A. Evaluation of management systems for controlling late blight of tomato, target spot of cucumber, and downy mildew of morgan melon (J. P. Jones) ................ ........... .. 22 B. Effect of defoliation (via hand and disease) on tomato yields (J. P. Jones) ........ ........................... 23 10. Drip Irrigation Studies A. Production of vegetables with drip irrigation (A. A. Csizinszky) ....... ........................... 24 B. Effect of rootknot nematode on water use (A. J. Overman) ... 25 C. Control of late blight of tomato with a systemic fungicide applied through a drip system (A. J. Overman and J. P. Jones) ........................................... 25 D. Fertilizer: Drip irrigation (C. M. Geraldson) ............. 26 INTRODUCTION On behalf of the faculty and staff, I extend to each of you a most cordial welcome to the Agricultural Research and Education Center at Bradenton. This Center was initiated in 1925 as a one-man operation in Palmetto and the first ornamental programs began about 17 years later. This Center, with affiliated Agricultural Research Centers located in Dover and Immokalee, Florida, is a Research and Education unit of the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. In Bradenton we have 10 research scientists from various disciplines of training who participate in vegetable plant research programs. Each research scientist also holds a joint appointment with his subject matter department at the University of Florida. This combination of a broad base of research disciplines, industry contacts, and an excellent faculty makes the interdisciplinary cooperative team approach to research problems far more productive than could otherwise be accomplished with limited invest- ment in independent programs. An integral part of the overall mission of this Center deals directly with the vegetable industries in Florida through research programs to (1) Develop new or improving technology for more efficient production, handling and utilization of vegetable crops; (2) Improve quality of products made avail- able to the consuming public; (3) Develop technology and practices to reduce environmental pollution without sacrificing quality during production and thereby enhance man's environment; (4) Maintain and improve the productivity of soils in the state of Florida; (5) Develop improved technology on uses of ground water resources, solar energy and energy conservation practices in agricultural production; (6) Develop information for all Florida growers to compete effectively with other geographic areas of the nation and world; (7) Advance basic knowledge of the various scientific disciplines represented by the faculty; and (8) Assist the cooperative extension service, departments in the College of Agriculture and other Research Centers with extension, educational training, and cooperative research programs for the benefit of producers, consumers and students. Information presented in this publication summarizes the active research projects under way this season. We sincerely appreciate your interest and support of these research programs and continuously solicit your suggestions for improvement and ideas of industry needs from our research and extension programs. Will E. Waters Center Director HISTORY OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON Agricultural Research & Education Center Bradenton originated in the fall of 1925 with construction of the Tomato Disease Laboratory. Tomato Disease Laboratory: In 1925 a 20-acre tract of county-owned property in Palmetto was made available with the cooperation of the Manatee Board of County Commissioners, with money and equipment supplied by local growers. Primary objective of the laboratory was to formulate a control of nailhead spot of tomato. Later studies emphasized the breeding for resistance to Fusarium wilt and the control of tobacco mosaic on tomatoes. In 1937, with the expansion of the vegetable industry in Manatee County and surrounding areas, the State Legislature authorized new facilities for the research program. Vegetable Crops Laboratory: In August, 1938, the Manatee County Commissioners donated eighty percent of the purchase price of a 106-acre tract on the east side of Bradenton. This expanded program led to the establishment of the Vegetable Crops Laboratory. Following this relocation, horticultural, entomological, and soil studies were initiated on tomatoes, peppers, lettuce, sweet corn, and other vegetables. Since the laboratory was located in the gladiolus growing area, the scope was further broadened in 1942 to include disease problems confronting gladiolus growers. Gulf Coast Experiment Station: In March, 1951, at a meeting of the State Board of Control, the Vegetable Crops Laboratory was given the status of a brach station and was renamed the Gulf Coast Experiment Station. Investigations were then initiated dealing with chemical weed control, nematodes, and other soil-borne pests. The ornamental phase was broadened to include chrysanthemums and other commercial cut flowers. In the late 1950's it became apparent that the facilities on the outskirts of Bradenton were no longer adequate for the research program. In 1959 a 200-acre tract was acquired 8 miles east of Bradenton. All of the vegetable experimental field programs were moved to this new location. In 1965, upon completion of the construction of office and laboratory facilities, farm buildings, greenhouses, and a residence, all research programs were conducted on this new land. Agricultural Research & Education Center-Bradenton: In 1971 the Gulf Coast Experiment Station was renamed Agricultural Research & Education Center to emphasize the programs of both research and education. Active programs are in process on production problems associated with vegetables and ornamentals grown on the sandy soils of Florida. AREC-Bradenton has administrative and research supervision over two satellite stations: ARC-Immokalee (formerly the South Florida Field Laboratory) and ARC-Dover (formerly the Strawberry and Vegetable Field Laboratory). The former center specializes in vegetable nutrition and culture, etiology and control of diseases, and pasture research, while the latter is the hub of strawberry research in Florida, including breeding, horticultural and pathological studies. LIST OF FACULTY, APPOINTMENT DATE, AND AREA OF SPECIALIZATION Agricultural Research and Education center Bradenton, Florida Waters, W. E., 1960, Horticulturist and Center Director. Administration, soil and plant nutrition. Augustine, J. J., 1975, Asst. Geneticist. Tomato breeding, genetics of fungus and virus disease resistance. Burgis, D. S., 1946, Horticulturist. Vegetable production, weed control and growth regulators. Chambliss, C. G., 1976, Asst. Extension Agronomist. Production of agronomic crops. Csizinszky, A. A., 1976, Asst. Horticulturist. Production systems, crop management and post-harvest studies on vegetable crops. Engelhard, A. W., 1966, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental crops. Geraldson, C. M., 1951, Soils Chemist. Soil nutritional problems and their relationship with cultural methods for vegetable production. Harbaugh, B. K., 1975, Asst. Ornamental Horticulturist. Systems for production, harvesting and marketing of ornamental crops. Jones, J. P., 1958, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of vegetable crops. Magie, R. 0., 1945. Plant Pathologist Emeritus. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental crops with emphasis on gladiolus flower and corm diseases. Marousky, F. J., 1967, Research Horticulturist (USDA). Post-harvest physiology of cut flowers. Overman, A. J., 1945, Nematologist. Etiology and control of nematode problems of ornamentals and vegetables. Ploetz, R. C., 1977, Assistant in Plant Pathology. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental crops. Prevatt, J. W., 1979, Area Farm Management Economist. Development of economic data on ornamental, vegetable and other crops. Price, J. F., 1978, Asst. Entomologist. Identification, biology and control of insects and mites of of cut flowers and other ornamental crops. Schuster, D. J., 1975, Asst. Entomologist. Identification, biology and control of insects and mites of vegetable crops. Wilfret, G. J., 1969, Associate Geneticist. Breeding and development of new varieties of cut-flowers and other ornamental crops. Woltz, S. S., 1953, Plant Physiologist. Physiological disorders and diseases of vegetable and ornamental crops. 1979, Soil Water Relations Scientist. Determine water requirements and water use efficiency of ornamental, vegetable, and other crops. 1979, Ag. Engineer. Water management for vegetable, ornamental, and other crops. 1979, Vegetable Crops Extension Specialist. Conduct area vegetable crops extension programs and coordinator of tomato pest management study on west coast of Florida. Agricultural Research Center Immokalee, Florida Everett, P. H., 1958, Soils Chemist. Center Administration, soil and plant nutrition, production, and variety development of vegetable crops. Dougherty, D. E., 1977, Asst. Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of vegetable diseases with emphasis on disease forecasting and fungicide longevity. Agricultural Research Center Dover, Florida Albregts, E. E., 1967, Assoc. Soils Chemist. Center Administration, production, soil, and plant nutrition of strawberries and vegetables. Howard, C. M., 1967, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Strawberry breeding and etiology and control of vegetable and strawberry diseases. FACILITIES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER, BRADENTON The Research and Education Center, Bradenton, has developed excellent new facilities since 1965. Each scientist has available office, laboratory, greenhouse, and field areas as well as field and laboratory technicians to support his research programs. The research facilities consist of 200 acres of sandy soil located at the main center, plus 40 acres near Cortez, Florida, 3 buildings containing 16 offices, library, 9 laboratories, 3 headhouses, 13 greenhouses, 6 storage buildings, 8 walk-in cold rooms, 2 large saran ranges for ornamental plants, maintenance shop, four irrigation wells, a fleet of vehicles and tractors. The list below is a numerical key to facilities sketched on page 8 of this publication. KEY TO FACILITIES State Building Numerical Key Building Name Number 1 Office and Laboratories 7601 2 Ornamental Saran House 7616 3 Chemical Storage 7629 4 Soil Boxes 5 Ornamental-Nematology Greenhouse 7628 6 Ornamental Research Saran House 7626 7 Plant Production House 7625 8 Plant Pathology Greenhouse 7615 9 Entomology-Tomato Genetics Greenhouse 7614 10 Horticulture Greenhouse 7613 11 Ornamental-Genetics Greenhouse 7627 12 Herbicide Greenhouse 7611 13 Tomato-Genetics Greenhouse 7610 14 Pesticide Storage 7609 15 Headhouse, Laboratory, Cold Rooms 7624 16 Speedling Greenhouse 7630 17 Storage Shed 18 Well House 19 Equipment Storage 7607 20 Bulb Shed 7621 21 Well House 22 Farm Maintenance 7604 23 Farm Equipment Building 7605 24 Residence 7602 25 Cortez Farm Building (not shown) 7623 26 Soil Sterilization 7631 27 Fumigation Greenhouse 7632 28 Farm Storage Building (not shown) 7633 29 Student Housing Trailer (not shown) 7634 30 Entomology Greenhouse (not shown) 7635 31 Tomato Breeding Greenhouse (not shown) 7636 32 Plant Physiology Greenhouse (not shown) 7637 33 Aluminum Storage Building (not shown) 7638 34 Pavilion (not shown) 7641 35 Tomato Disease Screening Greenhouse (not shown) 7642 36 Soil and Media Storage (not shown) 7643 37 Floriculture Sawtooth Greenhouse (not shown) 7644 38 Pavilion Restroom Facilities (not shown) AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRAD E N TON, FLO R I DA W7 'Ct, EVALUATION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE (S02) EFFECTS ON VEGETABLE CROPS Location: Plant Physiology Greenhouses (S. S. Woltz) Purpose: Determine effects of short-term fumigation with (1) sulfur dioxide and (2) hydrogen fluoride on vegetable plant growth, symptomatology, and metabolism. Treatments: Fumigation House No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (Control) Fumig&tion Levels Fluoride, parts/billion Sulfur dioxide, parts/million 2.5 0 5.0 0 10.0 0 O 0.25 0 0.5 0 1.0 Operation: Location: Fumigated and control plants are observed regularly for type and degree of reaction to SO2 and HF. Plant chemistry and metabolism are evaluated relative to pollutant effects on growth and quality of produce. Species are categorized for susceptibility to damage. The results are incorporated into field survey methodology for diagnostic and evaluation purposes. Block L, (West Row in Land No Number) Purpose: To demonstrate mechanical refertilization of plastic mulched beds where growing a second crop. IRRIGATION METHOD Location: Block L, Land 9 and 13 (J. S. Rogers and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate effect of two types of irrigation on tomato production. Crop: Tomato, Var. "Walter PF" Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments with Tile Irrigation: Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Experiment repeated in Sec. L, Land 9 with ditch irrigation. Results: 1978 Fall test showed a difference between tile and ditch irrigation. 1979 Spring test incomplete. TOMATO BREEDING Location: Block L, Land 6 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate 7 observational hand harvest tomato varieties. Crop: Tomato Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments: 1. Walter PF 2. Floradel 3. Flora-Dade 13. Full House (Ferry Morse) 14. FTE 12 (Petoseed) 15. Duke (Petoseed) 16. Barron (Petoseed) ------------------------------------- Location: Block L, Land 13 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate yield and quality of AREC-Bradenton variety candidates including those items submitted by various workers for inclusion in the Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP). Crop: 1979 Tomato Variety Candidates and 2 Fixed Lines Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments: 1. Walter PF 2. Flora-Dade 3. 140-Bk 645-1-3-2-4-BK-1-ISpBK-T.Ells6-BK 4. 4013-Bk 631-3-1-2-BK2-1-1-BK 5. 4011-BK 626-VS-2-2a-4-2-BK-1-FP1-FP2-BK 6. 155-Bk 71057-1-3---BK-12-IGSpBK-IGR5-IBK 7. IG50-1 (648 x MH-11)-BK-1--IGR5-IGR5-1 8. IG61-Bk 648---Unk---l-1-IGBK-DudaBK-IGBK 9. 4069-Bk 91914-2-S6-2-1 -IG2-B.Ellsl-BK 10. 4148-1 A105-1-4-3-6-1 11. 4133N-3 A105-1-4-1-3-N3 12. Fl 106 x 110 (4695) 13. Fl 85 x 87 (4715) 14. Fl 119 x 126 (4736) 15. F1 62 x 64 (4738) 16. F1 119 x 122 (4756) 17. STEP 642 Va. 3-2-5 (E. A. Borchers) 18. STEP 643 Va. 1661-10-14 (E. A. Borchers) 19. STEP 645 Texas 204-B-5 (Mack C. Fuqua) 20. STEP 648 Fla. 648 (J. J. Augustine) 21. STEP 650 Va. 1664-13-24 (E. A. Borchers) Results: Incomplete Location: Block L, Land 4 (J. J. Augustine and D. S Purpose: To evaluate machine harvest types tomatoes 1) Replicated (7 entries) 2) Observational (7 entries) 3) Processing (10 entries) Crop: Tomatoes Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments: 1) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 3) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 2432...D20 (C. J. Selection) 2432...D20 (R. V. Selection-1) 2432...D20 (R. V. Selection-2) 2432...D20...Bk-12-IG SpBk-Bk Ob #4-Bk (IG56-SpBk) 2432...D20...IBk-Bk I112-Bk (I109-Bk) 2432...D20...1-1-I2-FP SpBk-SpBk 4114-SpBk (FP61-SpBk) MH-1 (Foundation) MH-1 (Foundation) 155-Bk 71057-1-3---Bk-12-IGSpBK-IGR5-IBK IG50-1 (648 x MH-11)-BK-1-I2-IGR5-IG1 F F78 19 x 20 (781086) F1 F78 21 9 22 (784685) F1 F78 25 x 26 (784689) F1 S77 10 x 2037 (784691) Campbell 28 Merit 775388-SpBk (MH-1 x H338)-l5-Bk-JpBk 775389-SpBk (MH-1 x H338)-1 -2-1 -Bk-SpBk 784354-Bk (623 x 2125)-Bk-1-VR1-12-Bk F77 IG19-1 2447---BK -IG1 F1 Sp77 23 x 24 (4338) F Sp78 128 x 130 (4346) Fi Sp78 131 x 132 (4347) Fl Sp78 134 x 138 (4351) Block L, Land 11 (G. J. Wilfret and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate pepper varieties along with variety candidates developed at AREC-Bradenton. Crop: Set: Treatments: Bell peppers (8 week old plants) March 21, 1979 1. VR-2 2. Delray Bell 3. Early Cal Wonder 4. Yolo L 5. (F'78#3) 6. (F'78#4) 7. (F'78#6) 8. (F'78#7) Results: Incomplete. Remainder of field has selections having various use possibilities. . Burgis) Location: TOMATO BREEDING Block L, Land 2 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: Evaluation of tomato variety candidates. Crop: Set: Treatments: Observational entries from Southern Tomato Exchange Program March 6, 1979 STEP STEP STEP STEP STEP STEP STEP 640 La. 653 Mo. 654 PR. 657 Ala. 658 HA 659 HA 662 Fl. Results: Incomplete. Block L, Land 9 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate yield and quality of AREC-Bradenton variety candidates including one item from the Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP). Crop: 1979 Tomato variety candidates for indeterminate tomatoes and two fixed lines. Three replications. Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments: Floradel Tropic STEP 652 Mo. 33-st-3 F1 (Victor Lambeth) 5180-BK (F ) Tropic x STEP 602 4318-1 (F5) A493-Bk-13 4319-1 (F5) A617-Bk-13 4323-1 (F5) A772-Bk-3-12 F1 F78 87 x 88 (4278) Fi F77 130 x 131 (4281) F1 Sp78 45 x 46 (4287) F1 Sp78 119 x 120 (4295) F1 Sp78 60 x 61 (4289) F1 F78 105 x 106 (4296) Fi Sp78 2 x 0138A (4300) Location: Location: : TOMATO BREEDING Location: Block L, Land 9 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate growing method, tomato vine type, and yield potential of various type cherry tomato cultivars grown in observational plots. Crop: Tomato Set: March 6, 1979 Treatments: F Small Fry (Ball Seed Co. 4426-1 (1038-1 x P7)-Bk-1-1 4427-Bk A222-2-1-3-1-Bk Fl F77 163 x 166 (4409) F F78 113 x 122 (4411) F1 F78 123 x 124 (4413) F1 Sp78 31 x 32 (4414) F Sp78 139 x 31 (4416) 772050-Bk Red Cherry Large F1 Sp78 34 x 32 (4455) F1 F77 175 x 176 (4457) F1 F77 189 x 190 (4459) Fi F78 141 x 142 (780879) F1 F78 9 x 5552 (774585) F1 Sp78 139 x 140 (4381) Fl Sp78 139 x 141 (4382) FI Sp78 139 x 142 (4383) F F78 113 x 116 (4389) F1 Sp78 14 x 1850 (4390) F1 F78 113 x 117 (4395) Fl F78 113 x 119 (780887) Results: Incomplete. PICKLEWORM RESISTANCE IN MELONS Location: Block C, Lands C15 & 16 (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) Purpose: To continue selecting fruit from cantaloupe plants sustaining the least amount of fruit damage by pickleworm larvae. Crop: Cantaloupe Direct seeded: March 13 Entries: Selections from 'Chilton' CPW-1-14 CPW-2-13 CPW-3-14 CPW-6-7 CPW-7-14 CPW-8-10 Operation: Selections from 'Gulf Coast' GCPW-2-4 GCPW-2-15 GCPW-2-21 GCPW-3-10 GCPW-4-7 GCPW-4-19 GCPW-5-7 Plants will be treated weekly with Manzate + Benlate for mildew control. Foliar damage by melonworm larvae will be evaluated at its peak incidence. All fruit will be examined for pickleworm feeding injury. Summary: Original selections were made in the spring of 1978 and were re- evaluated fall 1978. The average % damaged fruit for plants of chilton was 39% while that of selections from this cultivar was 29%. The average % damaged fruit for plants of Gulf Coast was 43% while that of selections was 31%. Differences in damage were not great and may not be indicative of real resistance. INSECTICIDES FOR CUCURBITS Location: Block C, Land 16 (D. J. Schuster) Purpose: To evaluate pesticides for pickleworm and melonworm larvae on honeydew- like melons and cucumbers. Crop: Cucumber, var. 'Poinsett'; Melon, var. 'Morgan' Direct seeded: March 6; Treated: Weekly, beginning April 11 Treatments: Check (H20) Monitor 4EC Monitor 4EC Orthene 75SP Orthene 75SP Lannate 90SP Lannate 90SP Lindane 25WP lb ai/100 gal 0.50 1.00 0.50 1.00 0.90 0.45 0.25 Operation: Plants will be treated weekly with Manzate + Benlate for mildew control. Counts of melonworm larvae on the foliage will be made when differences become apparent. Pickleworm damage to the fruit will be evaluated at harvest. Summary: Monitor, Orthene, and Lannate have all demonstrated efficacy in controlling melonworm and pickleworm larvae. Additional data will help in 24(C) local need registrations for these products. BREEDING FOR INSECT RESISTANCE IN TOMATOES Location: Block C, Lands 9 & 27 (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) Purpose: To evaluate crosses of wild tomato species and cultivated types for resistance to the tomato pinworm and to collect seed from most promising selections. Crop: Tomato, Lycopersicon Set: February 27 Entries: P1126445 (L. hirsutum) P, (Walter) P2 (126445) Fl i/Fl BC1 BC2 F2 PI126449 (L. hirsutum f. glabratum) P1 (Walter) P2 (126449) Fl F1 1/F1 F2 PI127826 (L. hirsutum) P1 (Walter) P2 (127826) F1 1/F1 F2 Operation: Plants are being sprayed twice weekly alternately with Manzate and Bravo. Visual damage estimates and larval counts will be made and superior selections saved for seed. Summary: Previous studies indicate pinworm resistance is heritable but more work is needed to determine the genetics of inheritance. INSECT RESISTANCE IN TOMATOES Location: Block C, Lands 27 & 29 (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine) Purpose: To evaluate tolerance of tomato cultivars, breeding lines and wild species to the tomato pinworm and the vegetable leafminer. Crop: Set: Tomato March 28 Entries: 1. 'Walter' Lycopersicon esculentum 2. PI126445 L. hirsutum 3. PI126449 L. hirsutum f. glabratum 4. 2148(BSR694T L. esculentum 5. 'Red Plum' L. esculentum 6. 'Snowball' L. esculentum 7. 'Sweet Cherry' L. esculentum 8. 'Yamaguchi' L. esculentum 9. 'Burbeeana' L. esculentum 10. 'Yellow Peach' L. esculentum 11. PI140403 L. esculentum 12. PI128230 L. esculentum 13. N.S.S.L.27260 L. esculentum 14. PI120272 L. esculentum Operation: Plants treated twice weekly alternately with Manzate or Bravo. Evaluations of foliar damage will be completed when pest densities reach high enough levels. The number and type of spines and glandular hairs will also be completed. Summary: PI126445 and PI126449 have indicated the highest levels of resistance to both the pinworm and leafminer. All other entries, except Walter, have demonstrated intermediate levels of damage to either pest. MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS ON CABBAGE Location: Block C, Lands 11 & 29 (D. J. Schuster, R. B. Chalfant, & R. B. Workman) Purpose: To determine the effect of pre-cupping and post-cupping control of lepidopterous larvae with various insecticides when applied at different damage levels on marketability of cabbage. Crop: Cabbage var. 'Rio Verde' Insecticide None Permethrin 0.1 If Permethrin 0.05 Dipel 1.0 Monitor 0.5 (pre-cup); Dipel 1.0 (post cup) Lannate 0.90 Pre-cupping no spray 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes no spray 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes no spray 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes no spray 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes Post-cupping 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes 2x weekly 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes 2x weekly 2x weekly windows 1-2 holes not resulting in holes in leaves. Operation: Plants will be sprayed weekly with Manzate. Cabbage will be sampled on Monday and Thursdays, recording the number of holes or windows on 10 whole plants pre-cupping and on the head plus 4 wrapper leaves of 10 plants post-cupping. Plots will be sprayed with the respective insecticides on Tuesdays and Fridays when the active thresholds have been reached. Ten plants will be harvested and rated 1-6 for foliar and head damage. Percent marketability (scores of 3 or less) will be determined. Summary: Experiments last year demonstrated that a visual threshold of 1-2 holes per plant (pre-cup) or per the head plus 4 wrapper leaves (post-cup) was equivalent to the old threshold of 0.1 larva/plant. This visual threshold was established for permethrin and now needs to be determined for other insecticides. Visual damage evaluations are much more rapid than counting larval numbers. Trt. No 1 2 3 aFeeding Block C, Land 1 and 19 (A. J. Overman, J. P. Jones, J. J. Augustine) Purpose: Determine effect of fumigation, soil pH, and root-knot nematode resistance on development of Fusarium wilt in tomato. Crop: Tomato: Cultivar Resistance 1. Fus Vert RK 2. Vert RK 3. Fus Vert Treated: February 27 Transplanted: March 13 Treatments: Fumigants 1. Control 2. MC-33 350 Ib/A Soil pH 1. 5.5 2. 6.5 3. 7.0 Results: Incomplete. In previous work, high pH levels have suppressed susceptible to both root-knot nematode control with chemicals and Fusarium wilt development in cultivars nematodes and wilt. Location: PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLES WITH CONTROLLED SEEP IRRIGATION Location: Blo Purpose: 1) 2) 3) Treatments: ,ck J (A. A. Csizinszky) Production of vegetables with soluble and slow release fertilizers in a controlled seep irrigation system. Optimum fertilizer rates and plant height for tomato production. Amount of plant nutrients in the irrigation and runoff water with controlled seep irrigation and changes in the fertilizer levels of a vegetable land during a full year. 1) Fertilizer rates, varieties, within row plant spacings and planting dates are the same as in G block with drip irrigated vegetables and tomatoes. Amount of irrigation water entering and leaving the land measured daily. Waterflow is adjusted every day if necessary, to provide adequate flow through the lateral ditches. Other measurements taken are the same as in G block. At the end of the season the efficiency of the controlled seep and drip irrigation systems will be compared. 2) Treatments for the Floradade tomatoes in the fertilizer rate experiments are the same as in G block. In addition, tomato plants will be topped after the formation of the 15th hand in one treatment and after the 20th hand in another treatment, and kept at that height until harvest. Differences in fruit size and weight will be measured and compared to tomatoes from control plots where plants will be topped when they reach the height of the stakes. 3) Water samples from the irrigation source and from the reservoir where the runoff water is collected are taken once per month and analyzed for 16 different elements. Soil samples are also taken once per month from the vegetable land from 3 depths down to the hardpan and analyzed for plant nutrient content. From the variation of the elements in the water and soil samples, the amount of nutrients in the runoff water and the downward movement of fertilizers in the soil is measured. Results: Incomplete. FERTILIZER IRRIGATION STUDIES Location: Block I (seep), G (trickle) (C. M. Geraldson) Purpose: To evaluate fertilizer source and level used in conjunction with seep and trickle irrigation. Fertilizer: Mixed in bed A 8-48-12 200#/A B 0-20-0 500#/A Surface Broadcast I 15-5-20 (Osmocote) ) II 18-0-25 ) 1200#/A III 10-3-20 ) 1800#/A Crops: Block I Tomatoes Tropic set 2/16 Pepper Cal Wonder 2/19 Sweetcorn Silver Queen planted 2/20 Block G Tomatoes Tropic set 3/1 Pole Beans- 191 planted 3/2 Results: As a result of a continuing research program a system (precision combination of components) has evolved that provides a minimal stress root environment which in turn provides an optimal production efficiency. Location: Block E, Land 7 (J. P. Jones) Purpose, Expt. 2: Evaluate pest management systems, including blitecast, for control of late blight of tomato. Crop: Water tomato, set February 19, 1979 Treatments: 1. Control-noninoculated 2. Control-inoculated 3. No spray until blight apparent. Then use chlorothalonil preventively. 4. Low chlorothalonil rate increasing to high when blight apparent 5. Metalaxyl 14 day preventive schedule 6. Metalaxyl 7 day preventive schedule 7. No spray until blight, then metalaxyl preventively 8. Copper and sulfur 9. Copper hydroxide 10. Copper and sulfur 11. Dichlone 12. Dichlone 13. Blitecast using chlorothalonil 14. Control inoculated Results: During a period highly favorable for blight development, a preventative schedule of a protective fungicide was necessary. Results incomplete with metalaxyl, copper and sulfur formulations, and dichlone. Blitecast has worked well three seasons in accurately predicting late blight occurrence. Location: Block E. Land 6 (J. P. Jones) Purpose, Expt. 1: Determine efficacy of Downcast in predicting downy mildew of morgan melon and determine whether metalaxyl can be used effectively for mildew control. Crop: Morgan melon Treatments: Metalaxyl preventively 0-3% metalaxyl 3-6% metalaxyl 6-12% metalaxyl 12-25% metalaxyl No spray 0-3 Bravo Downcast Bravo Downcast Metalaxyl 3-6 Bravo Results: Downcast has predicted downy occurrence very accurately. be applied as soon as disease detected to obtain control. results incomplete. Location: Block #, Land 6 Purpose, Expt. 2: Bravo must Metalaxyl (J. P. Jones) Determine efficacy of benomyl in controlling target spot of cucumber after appearance of symptoms. Crop: Poinsett cucumber. Treatments: 1. Benomyl preventively 2. 0-3% benomyl 3. 3-6% benomyl 4. No spray Results: Incomplete Location: Block E, Land 7 Purpose, Expt. 1: Crop: Determine effect of manual defoliation on fruit yield, (weight, size, and quality). Walter tomato Treatments: Procedure: . No foliage removed . 10% removal . 20% removal . 40% removal .60% removal .80% removal Crop set February 19. First pruned March 21. Weekly thereafter. Results: Depending on the season 25 to 40 percent of the foliage must be removed before fruit yields are adversely affected. Location: Block E, Land 7 (J. P. Jones) Purpose, Expt. 3: Determine effect of grayleaf spot on tomato yields. Homestead 24, set March 26, 1979 Treatments: Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil Chlorothalonil No spray Results: Incomplete Crop: 2.25 ai 1.5 1.125 0.75 0.375 0.1875 (J. P. Jones) PRODUCTION OF VEGETABLES WITH DRIP IRRIGATION Location: Block G, Land 6 (A. A. Csizinszky) Purpose: 1. Determine usefulness of soluble and slow release fertilizers in the production of broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, cucumber, sweet corn and tomato with drip irrigation. 2. To find the optimum amount of fertilizer for tomato production with drip irrigation. Treatment: Drip tube placement 2 inches from the plant row and 2 inches below the soil surface. Amount of water applied gradually increased as season progressed. Fertilizers for vegetables: a) 14.5 Ibs of 18-0-25+2 Mg and 5.5 Ibs of superphosphate (20%) with fritted micronutrients per 100 row ft; 18-0-25 banded 5 inches from the plant row near the viaflo tube. Superphosphate broadcast on the soil surface. b) 5 Ibs 3 ozs of Sierrablen 19-6-10+1 Fe, 9 Ibs of 18-0-25+2 Mg and 3.6 Ibs of superphosphate per 100 row ft. Sierrablen applied in a 12 in. wide band and incorporated in the top 2 in. soil layer; 18-0-25 and superphosphate applied as above under a. Plant spacing within row: 24 inches for tomatoes, 8 inches for sweet corn in double rows, 18 inches for other crops. Plants set or seeds sown on February 20, 1979. All treatments replicated 3 times. Treatments for tomatoes: Within row planting distance 18 inches and 30 inches; variety, Floradade, plants set on February 20, 1979. Fertilizers Treatment 18-0-25+2 Mg Superphosphate amount per plant 1 4 oz. 0.7 oz. 2 8 oz. 1.4 oz. 3 12 oz. 2.0 oz. All treatments replicated 3 times. Measurements taken: Amount of water applied per day, daily variation is soil water table, soil moisture content at 3 locations across the bed and at 3 depths every 10 days throughout the season, total soil soluble salts after fertilizer application and after harvest, nutrient content of plant tissues after harvest. Number of fruits and weight taken at harvest time. Results: Incomplete. Block G, Land 4 Purpose: To determine the effect of root-knot nematodes on water use. Crop: Tomato cv. 'Walter' Transplanted: March 16 Treatment: Nematodes: 4 levels of root-knot nematode inoculum (0, Ix, 2x, 4x). 4 replicates/treatment Irrigation: At ET level through T-tube laid the length of the bed beneath mulch. Results: Incomplete. Block G, Land 3 (A. J. Overman and J. P. Jones) Purpose: To evaluate two fungicides applied through a drip irrigation system for systemic control of late blight of tomato. Crop: Tomato cv. 'Walter' Transplanted: Fel Treatment: 1. Control 2. CGA-48988 3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Previcur N bruary 20 5G 2 Ib/A incorporated 4 I 4 2E 2 4 4 4 "in furrow/tape " in tube at planting "in tube at planting " in tube over 3 wks "in tube over 6 wks 6E 12 Ib/A in tube over 6 wks Results: Incomplete Location: Location: (A. J. Overman) FERTILIZER IRRIGATION STUDIES Block I (seep), G (trickle) (C. M. Geraldson) Purpose: To evaluate fertilizer source and level used in conjunction with seep and trickle irrigation. Fertilizer: Mixed in bed Surface Broadcast I 15-5-20 II 18-0-25 III 10-3-20 (Osmocote) Crops: Block I Tomatoes Pepper Sweet corn - Tropic set 2/16 - Cal Wonder 2/19 - Silver Queen planted 2/20 Block G Tomatoes Tropic Pole beans 191 set 3/1 planted 3/2 Results: As a result of a continuing research program a system (precision combination of components) have evolved that provides a minimal stress root environment which in turn provides an optimal production efficiency. Location: 8-48-12 0-20-0 200#/A 500#/A ) ) 1200#/A ) 1800#/A ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF INDUSTRY SUPPORT FOR THE RESEARCH PROGRAMS AT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER, BRADENTON, FLORIDA The effectiveness of the Research Programs at the Agricultural Research and Education Center here in Bradenton has been greatly enhanced by the excellent support from the various segments of the Agri-business industries and producers both locally and nationally. This support in the forms of financial grants-in- aid, products and services, or equipment, supplements existing state funds and makes each research project at the Center far more productive than could other- wise be realized. We sincerely appreciate your participation in these research programs and are pleased to acknowledge your support. Listed below are the names of agencies, firms or individuals who have contributed significantly to the research programs during the past two years. We trust that our records are complete and say again, "thank you for your confidence." Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill. Amchem Products, Inc., Gainesville, Fla. American Can Co., Neenah, Wis. American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, N.J. Armak Co., McCook, Ill. Asgrow-Florida Co., Palmetto, Fla. BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J. Basinger Farms, Ruskin, FL Bear Hollow Bulb Farms, Lake Placid, FL Blue Acres Gardens, Piqua, Ohio Capella Farms, Pompano Beach, FL Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif. CIBA-Geigy, Greensboro, N.C. Cities Service Co., Atlanta, Ga. Council Farms, Inc., Ruskin, Fla. Diamond Shamrock Chemical Corp., Tifton, Ga. Dixie Ag/Chem, Eustis, Fla. Dow Chemical USA, Atlanta, Ga. A. Duda & Son, Oviedo, Fla. E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Duval Sales Corp., Houston, Tex. Elsberry Farms, Inc., Ruskin, Fla. Florida Dept. of Transportation, Sarasota, Fla. Florida Flower Assn., Ft. Myers, Fla. Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., Gainesville, Fla. Florida Tomato Exchange, Orlando, Fla. FMC Corp., Niagara Chem. Div., Middleport, N.Y. Florida Tomato Packer, Homestead, Fla. 4-Star, Inc., Palmetto, Fla. Fulwood Farms, Sun City, Fla. Geo. J. Ball, Inc., West Chicago, Ill. The Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation, Inc., New York, N.Y. Gloeckner Seed Co., New York, N.Y. Harllee Farms, Palmetto, Fla. Harllee-Gargiulo, Inc., Palmetto, Fla. Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corp., Niagara Farll, N.Y. ICI United States, Inc., Goldsboro, N.C. IFAS Environmental Center, Univ. of Fla., Gainesville, Fla. M & W Farms, Immokalee, Fla. Manatee Board of County Commissioners, Highway Dept., Bradenton, Fla. Manatee Co. Dept. of Human Services, CETA, Bradenton, Fla. Manatee Co. School Board, Neighborhood Youth Corps., Bradenton, Fla. Manatee Fruit Co., Palmetto, Fla. Mattson Farms, Ft. Pierce, Fla. Merck, Sharpe & Dohm Research Laboratories, Rahway, N.J. Mobil Chemical Co., Richmond, Va. Nor-Am Agricultural Products, Inc., Woodstock, Ill. Pan American Seed Co., Palma Sola, Fla. Paul Ecke, Jr., Encinitas, Calif. Peace River Peat Co., Bartow, Fla. Penick Corp., Orange, N.J. PPG Industries, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Princeton Farms, Immokalee, Fla. Producers Fertilizer Co., Palmetto, Fla. R. J. Claprood Co., Sun City, Fla. 0. M. Scott & Sons, Cleveland, Tex. Shell-Development Co., Modesto, Calif. Sierra Chemical Co., Newark, Calif. Society of American Florists Endowments, Edwardsville, Ill. Southern Agri. Chem. Co., Rubonia, Fla. Southwest Florida Water Management District, Brooksville, Fla. Speedling, Incorporated, Sun City, Fla. Stauffer Chemical Company, Mountain View, Calif. Strano Bros., Inc., Homestead, Fla. Taylor & Fulton, Palmetto, Fla. Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, Ala. Tropicana Products, Bradenton, Florida Union Carbide Corp., Columbia, S.C. University of Florida, IFAS, International Programs, Gainesville, Fla. University of Florida, IFAS, Share Program, Gainesville, Fla. Uniroyal, Inc., Bethany, Conn. USDA-ARS-SR, IR-4 (2 grants) USDA Boll Weevil Res. Lab., Mississippi State, Miss. USDA-SEA-Fr, IR-4 (2 grants) USDA-SEA, Market Quality Res. Div., Hyattsville, Md. USDA, SEA, SR, PIA Data/Gap Project "Cost/Benefits Returns of RPAR fungicide USDA, SEA, SR, PIA Data/Gap Project "Occupational exposure to pesticides". USDA, SEA-SR, PIA Data/Gap Projects (10 grants), Little Rock, Ark. Villemaire Farms, Ruskin, Fla. V. V. Vogel & Sons Farms, Gibsonton, Fla. Witt Farms, Ft. Pierce, Fla. Dr. Wolf's Agr. Lab., Inc., Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. Yoder Bros., Inc., Ft. Myers, Fla. and Barberton, Ohio |