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 Research
 Acknowledgement
 Map: location of AREC


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Vegetable field day
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Permanent Link: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UF00054244/00003
 Material Information
Title: Vegetable field day
Series Title: Bradenton GCREC research report
Physical Description: v. : ill., maps ; 28 cm.
Language: English
Creator: University of Florida -- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Agricultural Research & Education Center (Bradenton, Fla.)
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (Bradenton, Fla.)
Publisher: University of Florida.
Place of Publication: Gainesville Fla
Creation Date: 1977
Frequency: annual
regular
 Subjects
Subjects / Keywords: Plants, Cultivated -- Field experiments -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Plants, Protection of -- Research -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Vegetables -- Diseases and pests -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Vegetables -- Varieties -- Periodicals -- Florida   ( lcsh )
Genre: government publication (state, provincial, terriorial, dependent)   ( marcgt )
serial   ( sobekcm )
 Notes
General Note: Description based on: 30th (1973); title from caption.
General Note: Latest issue consulted: 43rd (1999).
Funding: Florida Historical Agriculture and Rural Life
 Record Information
Source Institution: Marston Science Library, George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida
Holding Location: Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, and the Engineering and Industrial Experiment Station; Institute for Food and Agricultural Services (IFAS), University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: oclc - 62706005
lccn - 2005229077
System ID: UF00054244:00003

Table of Contents
    Main
        Main
    Title Page
        Title Page
    Agenda
        Page 1
    Table of Contents
        Page 2
        Page 2a
    Introduction
        Page 3
    History of the Agricultural Research and Education Center - Bradenton
        Page 4
    List of faculty
        Page 5
        Page 6
    Facilities of AREC - Bradenton
        Page 7
        Page 8
    Research
        Page 9
        Page 10
        Page 11
        Page 12
        Page 13
        Page 14
        Page 15
        Page 16
        Page 17
        Page 18
        Page 19
        Page 20
        Page 21
        Page 22
        Page 23
        Page 24
        Page 25
    Acknowledgement
        Page 26
        Page 27
    Map: location of AREC
        Page 28
Full Text







AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER
BRADENTON, FLORIDA





















32ND VEGETABLE FIELD DAY
MAY 25, 1977



BRADENTON AREC RESEARCH REPORT GC-1977-3
D. S. BURGIS AND G. A. MARLOWE, JR., EDITORS
PRINTING: EDITORIAL DEPT., IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA,
GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA











AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER, BRADENTON

32nd Vegetable Field Day Program


Moderator: Dr. George A. Marlowe, Jr., Area Extension Vegetable Specialist


Wednesday Morning

10:00

10:10 12:10


10:10

10:20

10:30

10:40

10:50


11:00

11:10

11:20

11:30

11:40

11:50

12:00

12:10

1:15


Welcome and Introductions W. E. Waters, Center Director

Research Highlights by the Research and Extension Faculty


Fluoride and Sulfur Dioxide Air Pollution -

Plant Nutrition and Irrigation - -

Wide Row Culture and Plant Nutrition -

Double Cropping Studies at Immokalee -

Soil Treatment for Nematodes Utilizing
Trickle Irrigation - - -

Water Use Management - - -

Tomato Breeding - - - -

Herbicides, Vegetable Varieties - -

Disease Control - - - -

Insect Management - - -- -

Agricultural Economics Program - -


Solar Energy -


1:15

3:30


S. S. Woltz


A. J.

G. A.

J. J.

D. S.

J. P.

D. J.

J. A.

C. D.


Geraldson

Csizinszky

Everett


Overman

Marlowe, Jr.

Augustine

Burgis

Jones

Schuster

Otte

Baird


Picnic box lunch under the oaks at AREC-Bradenton

Tour of research plots AREC-Bradenton


_,,,__,








TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

Schedule of Activities ................................................. 1

Table of Contents ............................. ......................... 2

Introduction ........................................................... 3

History of Station ......... ................. .. .... ...........* 4

List of Faculty .................. .. ................. ....... .......... 5

Facilities of AREC-Bradenton ......................................... 7

Acknowledgment of Industry Support Contributors ...................... 26-27

FIELD TOUR Faculty and Experimental Plots listed respective to
stations ............................ ................... 8

TOUR STOPS

1. A. Solar Energy (C. D. Baird) ................................. 9
B. Hydroponics Salt Tolerance (C. M. Geraldson and
J. J. Augustine) ........................................... 9
C. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) effects on vegetable crops
(S. S. Woltz) ......... ..................................... 10

2. A. Drip irrigation evaluation (A. J. Overman) ................. 11
B. Drip irrigation, gradient-mulch system (C. M. Geraldson) .... 12
C. Water use management (A. J. Overman and G. A. Marlowe) ...... 13

3. Vegetable plant populations and water control variations
with gradient-mulch (C. M. Geraldson) ....................... 14

4. Replicated and Observational So. Tomato Exchange Program
(STEP) and fixed Florida lines (D. S. Burgis and J. J.
Augustine) .................................................. 15

5. A. Wide-row tomato production (A. A. Csizinszky and C. M.
Geraldson) ..........................*.... ................ 16
B. Cabbage looper control (D. J. Schuster) ...................... 16

6. A. Fumigant dosage and pH as it affects Verticillium and
Fusarium wilt of tomato (A. J. Overman and J. P. Jones) ..... 17
B. Soil fumigants and contact nematicides to control Verticillium
wilt and nematodes in tomato (A. J. Overman & J. P. Jones) .... 17
C. Soil fumigants for tomato, pepper and beans (A. J. Overman
and J. P. Jones) .... ................ .... ... .................. 17

7. A. Effect of soil pH, fumigation and nitrogen source on Fusarium
wilt of watermelon (J. P. Jones & A. J. Overman) .............. 18
B. Antifeedants for tomato pinworm control (D. J. Schuster) ...... 18
C. Evaluation of tomato breeding lines for tolerance to pinworm
and leafminer (D. J. Schuster & J. J. Augustine) .............. 19













TOUR STOPS (Continued)


PAGE


7. D. Insecticide evaluation for control of pinworm and
leafminer (D. J. Schuster) ......................................... 20
E. Mole-cricket control studies (D. J. Schuster) ..................... 21
F. Insect control on cucurbits (D. J. Schuster) ....................... 22

8. A. To determine the degree of tolerance of 'Morgan' melon
to downy mildew (J. P. Jones) ...................................... 23
B. To determine the tolerance of 'Poinsett' cucumber to
target leafspot (J. P. Jones) ...................................... 23
C. Paraquat preplant/postemergence for weed control in
cucumber and squash (D. S. Burgis) ............................ ... 24
D. Evaluation of muskmelons (J. J. Augustine & D. S. Burgis) .......... 25











INTRODUCTION


On behalf of the faculty and staff, I extend to each of you a most cordial
welcome to the Agricultural Research and Education Center at Bradenton.
This Center was initiated in 1925 as a one-man operation in Palmetto and
the first ornamental programs began about 17 years later. This Center, with
affiliated Agricultural Research Centers located in Dover and Immokalee,
Florida, is a Research and Education unit of the University of Florida's
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.

In Bradenton we have 10 research scientists from various disciplines of
training who participate in ornamental plant research programs. Each
research scientist also holds a joint appointment with his subject matter
department at the University of Florida. This combination of a broad base
of research disciplines, industry contacts, and an excellent faculty makes
the interdisciplinary cooperative team approach to research problems far
more productive than could otherwise be accomplished with limited invest-
ment in independent programs.

An integral part of the overall mission of this Center deals directly with
the vegetable industries in Florida through research programs to (1) Develop
new or improving technology for more efficient production, handling and
utilization of vegetable crops; (2) Improve quality of products made avail-
able to the consuming public; (3) Develop technology and practices to reduce
environmental pollution without sacrificing quality during production and
thereby enhance man's environment; (4) Maintain and improve the productivity
of soils in the state of Florida; (5) Develop improved technology on uses of
ground water resources and solar energy in agricultural production; (6) Develop
information to all Florida growers to compete effectively with other geo-
graphic areas of the nation and world; (7) Advance basic knowledge of the
various scientific disciplines represented by the faculty; and (8) Assist
the cooperative extension service, departments in the College of Agriculture
and other Research Centers with extension, educational training, and cooper-
ative research programs for the benefit of producers, consumers and students.

Information presented in this publication summarizes the active research
projects under way this season. We sincerely appreciate your interest and
support of these research programs and continuously solicit your suggestions
for improvement and ideas of industry needs from our research and extension
programs.








Will E. Waters
Center Director









HISTORY OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON


Agricultural Research & Education Center Bradenton originated in the fall
of 1925 with construction of the Tomato Disease Laboratory.

Tomato Disease Laboratory: In 1925 a 20-acre tract of county-owned property
in Palmetto was made available with the cooperation of the Manatee Board of
County Commissioners, with money and equipment supplied by local growers.
Primary objective of the laboratory was to formulate a control of nailhead
spot of tomato. Later studies emphasized the breeding for resistance to
Fusarium wilt and the control of tobacco mosaic on tomatoes. In 1937, with
the expansion of the vegetable industry in Manatee County and surrounding areas,
the State Legislature authorized new facilities for the research program.

Vegetable Crops Laboratory: In August, 1938, the Manatee County Commissioners
donated eighty percent of the purchase price of a 106-acre tract on the east
side of Bradenton. This expanded program led to the establishment of the
Vegetable Crops Laboratory. Following this relocation, horticultural,
entomological, and soil studies were initiated on tomatoes, peppers, lettuce,
sweet corn, and other vegetables. Since the laboratory was located in the
gladiolus growing area, the scope was further broadened in 1942 to include
disease problems confronting gladiolus growers.

Gulf Coast Experiment Station: In March, 1951, at a meeting of the State Board
of Control, the Vegetable Crops Laboratory was given the status of a branch
station and was renamed the Gulf Coast Experiment Station. Investigations were
then initiated dealing with chemical weed control, nematodes, and other soil-
borne pests. The ornamental phase was broadened to include chrysanthemums and
other commercial cut flowers.

In the late 1950's it became apparent that the facilities on the outskirts of
Bradenton were no longer adequate for the research program. In 1959 a 200-acre
tract was acquired 8 miles east of Bradenton. All of the vegetable experi-
mental field programs were moved to this new location.

In 1965, upon completion of the construction of office and laboratory facilities,
farm buildings, greenhouses, and a residence, all research programs were
conducted on this new land.

Agricultural Research & Education Center-Bradenton: In 1971 the Gulf Coast
Experiment Station was renamed Agricultural Research & Education Center to
emphasize the programs of both research and education.

Active programs are in progress on production problems associated with
vegetables and ornamentals grown on the sandy soils of Florida.

AREC-Bradenton has administrative and research supervision over two satellite
stations: ARC-Immokalee (formerly the South Florida Field Laboratory) and
ARC-Dover (formerly the Strawberry and Vegetable Field Laboratory). The
former center specializes in vegetable nutrition and culture, etiology and
control of diseases, and pasture research, while the latter is the hub of
strawberry research in Florida, including breeding, horticultural and
pathological studies.











LIST OF FACULTY, APPOINTMENT DATE, AND AREA OF SPECIALIZATION
Agricultural Research and Education Center Bradenton, Florida


Waters, W. E., 1960, Horticulturist and Center Director. Administration,
soil and plant nutrition.

Augustine, J. J., 1975, Asst. Geneticist. Tomato breeding, genetics of fungus
and virus disease resistance.

Burgis, D. S., 1946, Horticulturist. Vegetable production, weed control and
growth regulators.

Chambliss, C. G., 1976, Asst. Extension Agronomist. Production of agronomic
crops.

Csizinszky, A. A., 1976, Asst. Horticulturist. Production systems, crop
management and post-harvest studies on vegetable crops.

Engelhard, A. W., 1966, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of
diseases of ornamental crops.

Geraldson, C. M., 1951, Soils Chemist. Soil nutritional problems and their
relationship with cultural methods for vegetable production.

Harbaugh, B. K., 1975, Asst. Ornamental Horticulturist. Systems for production,
harvesting and marketing of ornamental crops.

Jones, J. P., 1958, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of
vegetable crops.

Magie, R. 0., 1945, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of
ornamental crops with emphasis on gladiolus flower and corm diseases.

Marlowe, G. A., Jr., 1975, Extension Vegetable Specialist. Covers all areas
of vegetable crops production.

Marousky, F. J., 1967, Research Horticulturist (USDA). Post-harvest physiology
of cut flowers.

Otte, J. A., 1976, Area Farm Management Economist. Development of economic
data on ornamental, vegetable and other crops.

Overman, A. J., 1945, Nematologist. Etiology and control of nematode problems
of ornamentals and vegetables.

Schuster, D. J., 1975, Asst. Entomologist. Identification, biology and control
of insects and mites of vegetables and ornamentals.

Wilfret, G. J., 1969, Asst. Geneticist. Breeding and development of new
varieties of cut-flowers and other ornamental crops.

Woltz, S. S., 1953, Plant Physiologist. Physiology disorders and diseases of
vegetable and ornamental crops.











Agricultural Research Center Immokalee, Florida


Everett, P. H., 1958, Soils Chemist. Center Administration, soil and plant
nutrition, production, and variety development of vegetable crops.

Dougherty, D. E., 1977, Asst. Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of
vegetable diseases with emphasis on disease forecasting and fungicide
longevity.


Agricultural Research Center Dover, Florida

Albregts, E. E., 1967, Assoc. Soils Chemist. Center Administration, produc-
tion, soil, and plant nutrition of strawberries and vegetables.

Howard, C. M., 1967, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Strawberry breeding and
etiology and control of vegetable and strawberry diseases.







FACILITIES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER, Bradenton


The Research and Education Center, Bradenton, has developed excellent new facili-
ties since 1965. Each scientist has available'- office, laboratory, greenhouse,
and field areas as well as field and laboratory technicians to support his re-
search programs. The research facilities consist of 200 acres of sandy soil lo-
cated at the main center, plus 40 acres near Cortez, Florida, 3 buildings con-
taining 16 offices, library, 9 laboratories, 3 headhouses, 13 greenhouses, 6
storage buildings, 8 walk-in cold rooms, 2 large saran ranges for ornamental
plants, maintenance shop, four irrigation wells, a fleet of vehicles and tractors.
The list below is a numerical key to facilities sketched on page 8 of this publi-
cation.

KEY TO FACILITIES

State Building
Numerical Key Building Name Number

1 Office and Laboratories 7601
2 Ornamental Saran House 7616
3 Chemical Storage 7629
4 Soil Boxes
5 Ornamental-Nematology Greenhouse 7628
6 Ornamental Research Saran House 7626
7 Plant Production House 7625
8 Plant Pathology Greenhouse 7615
9 Entomology-Tomato Genetics Greenhouse 7614
10 Horticulture Greenhouse 7613
11 Ornamental-Genetics Greenhouse 7627
12 Herbicide Greenhouse 7611
13 Tomato-Genetics Greenhouse 7610
14 Pesticide Storage 7609
15 Headhouse, Laboratory, Cold Rooms 7624
16 Speedling Greenhouse 7630
17 Storage Shed
18 Well House
19 Equipment Storage 7607
20 Bulb Shed 7621
21 Well House
22 Farm Maintenance 7604
23 Farm Equipment Building 7605
24 Residence 7602
25 Cortez Farm Building (not shown) 7623
26 Soil Sterilization 7631
27 Fumigation Greenhouse 7632
28 Farm Storage Building (not shown) 7633
29 Student Housing Trailer (not shown) 7634
30 Entomology Greenhouse (not shown) 7635
31 Tomato Breeding Greenhouse (not shown) 7636
32 Plant Physiology Greenhouse (not shown) 7637





AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH &
B RADE N TON,


EDUCATION CENTER
FLORIDA








SOLAR ENERGY

Horticulture Greenhouse (C. D. Baird and W. E. Waters)

Purpose: To design and construct efficient and inexpensive greenhouse heating
systems by conversion of solar energy.

Concept: Solar radiation (heat energy) is captured within the collector boxes
with the heat being transferred to the water circulating in the black
plates. The hot water is circulated to a storage tank for later use.
During cold weather the hot water is circulated through heat exchangers
beneath the benches where a fan blows the warm air.

Two similar systems using hot air instead of water are also under
development at the Center.

Results: At present one solar water-heating system is working as designed in
a 30' x 60' glass greenhouse (Bldg. #10 on the building diagram).
A hot-air system is operating in 30' x 60' glass greenhouse (Bldg.
#8). A third air-system is under development in greenhouse 130.
Brochure is available at the publications table, entitled "Application
of Solar Heated Water to Greenhouses," AREC-Research Report GC1976-3.






Greenhouse hydroponics (C. M. Geraldson and J. J. Augustine)

Purpose: (1) To evaluate salt tolerant tomato varieties.
(2) To evaluate germination and seedling tolerance to increasing
salt concentrations.
(3) To evaluate nutrient balance variations on tomato plant
growth and fruit set.

Variables: Hydroponic solution accordingly

Summary: Pending













EVALUATION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2) EFFECTS ON VEGETABLE CROPS



Location: Fumigation Greenhouse (West of Bldg. #7632) (S. S. Woltz)

Project: GC-01834. Sulfur dioxide, air quality and Florida vegetation.


To assess response of vegetable crop plants to steady-state
SO2 exposure. Plant response data will be collected in terms
of growth response in vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages.
Symptoms will be recorded. Data will reflect hidden injury,
i.e. yield or quality depression associated with SO2 levels
that do not produce readily visible symptoms.


Treatments:
Fumigation greenhouse No. 1.
Fumigation greenhouse No. 2.
Fumigation greenhouse No. 3.
Fumigation greenhouse No. 4.


Partially filtered air
20 micrograms SO2
80 micrograms SO2 per cubic meter of air
320 micrograms SO2 per cubic meter of air


Results: None to report at this time

Recommendations: None available (experiment just started)


Objective:










DRIP IRRIGATION


Block G, Land 1 (A. J. Overman)

Purpose: To evaluate with drip


irrigation: 1. Multicropping on fumigated soil
2. Repeated use of DBCP in the
irrigation water
3. Use of saline water on tomato crops


Crop: Tomato, var. 'Walter'

Treated: Began March 15, 1977

Set: March 17, 1977


Treatments:









Operation:






Summary:


Control
MBC-33 350 lb/A 1 chisel mid-bed Fall, 1976
MBC-33 350 Ib/A through 1 Viaflo tape Fall, 1976
DBCP 12.1 E 1 gal/A through 1 Viaflo Fall 1976 and
DBCP 12.1 E 2 gal/A through 1 Viaflo Fall 1976 and
Nemacur 3 E 2 gal/A through 1 Viaflo Fall 1976 and
Sodium chloride 500 ppm in Viaflo
Sodium chloride 1000 ppm in Viaflo
Sodium chloride 1500 ppm in Viaflo


Spring
Spring
Spring


1977
1977
1977


Field infested with root-knot nematodes. Prior to the fall 1976
tomato crop, 1 tape of Viaflo placed on bed surface 8 inches from
the plant row. MBC-33 injected into Viaflo of proper plots 2 weeks
prior to planting. Nemacide and saline injections ran in Viaflo
all season. Tomatoes replanted in March 1977 and nematicides and
saline injections continued.

Fall 1976: 1. MBC-33 increased yields 30% regardless of
application method.
2. DNCP increased yields 20%.
3. Nemacur was phytotoxic,











TRICKLE IRRIGATION


Block G, Land 2 (C. M. Geraldson)

Purpose: To evaluate trickle irrigation as a component in the gradient-
mulch system.

Crops: Tomato, var. 'Walter'
Pepper, var. 'Cal Wonder'
Sweet Corn, var. 'Silver Queen'
Cucumbers, var. 'Poinsett'

Treated: Tomatoes set March 17 15 inch row spacing
Peppers set March 23 30 inch row spacing
Cucumbers planted March 17
Sweet Corn planted March 17

Variables: Water quantity 1. 36 acre inch/crop
2. 24 acre inch/crop
3. 12 acre inch/crop
Fertilizer (W) 2 bands surface-bed edge
(M) 1 band surface-bed center

In order to prevent downward loss of nutrients and moisture,
a paper trough 14 inches wide and 8 to 10 inches deep (bed
center) was used to maintain a perched water table. Water
was supplied by a Chapin twin wall hose buried above the
paper barrier (water emission at 36" intervals).

Summary: At present unsatisfactory but has some potential.










WATER USE MANAGEMENT


Block G, Land 4 (A. J. Overman and G. A. Marlowe, Jr.)

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of closed and open mulch systems on
the water use, growth and yield of tomatoes.

To compare the effects of soil moisture levels kept at field
capacity with those calculated by the Blaney-Criddle growth
curve model on the growth and yield of tomatoes.

Crop: Tomato, cv. 'Walter'
Transplants set: March 11, 1977

Treatments: 3 Replicates

Number Water Schedule Mulch System
1 Blaney-Criddle Uncovered
2 Blaney-Criddle Covered
3 Field Capacity Uncovered
4 Field Capacity Covered

Methods: Raised beds containing 13.5 cubic feet of soil were fumigated two
weeks before planting, and fertilized with 500 lb/A of superphosphate
20%, 25#/A fritted trace elements and 2074 Ibs/A of 18-0-25 in bands
before the mulch was applied.

Differential water regimes were initiated on March 15th. Water is
applied via modified drip tube from an application tank. All water
draining free from the beds is collected in a double-lined plastic
bag. Field capacity moisture levels are determined by the per cent
dry weight of soil. For each 1% below 11% dry weight, 1.6 gallons
of water is added to the appropriate bed. The schedule for the
Blaney-Criddle-Growth curve treatments is as follows:
(all beds at field capacity initially)
0-10 days 5.76 gallons 50-60 days 44.25 gallons
10-20 days 22.00 gallons 60-70 days 26.45 gallons
20-30 days 45.56 gallons 70-80 days 11.52 gallons
30-40 days 48.44 gallons 80-90 days 5.24 gallons
40-50 days 47.39 gallons 90-100 days 5.24 gallons

All water applications are made in 3 equal portions per week. All
water added and drained into collecting tank is measured and recor-
ded. Drainage water is analyzed for total soluble salts and pH at
each sampling date. Rainfall subtractions are made accordingly.

All data are to be subjected to statistical analysis. Measurements
to be taken include:
Plant height, stem diameter, fresh dry weight of tops
Recoverable root fresh and dry weight
Size, number and weight of fruit

Various measurements of growth and yield will be related to total
water use to determine efficiency relationships.










GRADIENT-MULCH

Block I, Lands 1, 2, 3, 4 (C. M. Geraldson)

Purpose: To evaluate plant populations, water control variations for maximum
production efficiency utilizing the gradient-mulch system.

Crops: Tomatoes Walter, Tropic
Pepper Cal Wonder
Squash Dixie Hybrid
Beans Kentucky Wonder
Sweet Corn Silver Queen

Planted: March 8 tomatoes, March 9 and 23 all others

Treatments: Plant populations: Tomatoes in row spacing 15" 30"
All crops row spacing 4.5'
Water control: Ditch intervals 7 rows, 3 rows, 1 row between ditches

SUMMARY: Utilizing the gradient-mulch concept to its maximum potential can
decrease unit production costs and maximize efficiency. Yields of
Tropic and Walter tomatoes have been constant and about equivalent
for varied populations. Yields of 2500 to more than 3000 marketable
units/acre have been obtained consistently. The current state
average ranges from 300 to almost 900/acre. Consistent yields of
pepper have varied from 1200 to 1500 marketable units per acre. The
current state average is 500 to 550. During the spring crop season
consistent yields of 600 crates per acre of sweet corn have been
obtained. Average state yields currently range from 170 to 270.
Average yields of pole beans range from 300-350 bu/acre; squash from
100 to 200 bu/acre. Experimental yields have exceeded 3 to 5 times
that average.










TOMATO STEP TRIALS

Block K, Lands 12, 13 and 14 (D. S. Burgis and J. J. Augustine)

Purpose: The Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP) Variety trials.
Replicated trials of these are grown at 30 or more locations
in the southeast U. S. on an annual basis for observation.
Promising lines from the Florida Tomato Breeding program are
included.


Tomato


Planted: Feb. 23, 1977

Varieties:
Replicated Trial


HS24
Walter
STEP 624
STEP 625
STEP 627
STEP 628
STEP 631
STEP 638
STEP 639
Jack Pot


Gilbert, Hawaii
Hills, S.C.
Hills, S.C.
Sitterly, S.C.
Lambeth, Mo.
Gilbert, Hawaii
Borchers, Va.
FM


11 through 28 are selected Florida lines.


Observational Trial
1. HS24
2. Walter
3. STEP .626 Hills, S.C.
4. STEP 633 Asgrow x P160
5. STEP 634 Asgrow x P488
6. STEP 635 Asgrow x P503
7. STEP 637 Hernandez, La.
8. STEP 640 Hernandez, La.
9. STEP 641 Hernandez, La.
10. STEP 642 Borchers, Va.
11. STEP 643 Borchers, Va.
12. STEP 644 Fuqua, Tex.
13. STEP 645 Fuqua, Tex.
14. STEP 646 Fuqua, Tex..
15. STEP 647 Asgrow x P2032A
16. STEP 648 Augustine, Fla.
17. STEP 649 Augustine, Fla.
18. Flora Dade Volin, Fla.
19. Tamiami Peto, Calif.


(Fl)


SUMMARY: Test is planted on soil known to be free of Verticillium and Fusarium
Race 2 wilt. No. 18 is the only tomato in these tests known to be
resistant to Verticillium.


Crop:







WIDE-ROW TOMATO CULTURE


Block K, Land 1, 2, 3, 4 (A. A. Csizinszky and C. M. Geraldson)

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of wide-row tomato growing system, with
different water placement, fertilizer quantities and plant spacings.


Crop:


Tomato, var. 'Walter PF'


Planted: March 18


Treatments:





Operation:


SUMMARY:


1st half of the land, 2000 Ibs/A 18-0-25 banded,
2nd half of the land, 4000 Ibs/A 18-0-25 banded.
Planting distances: 18 inches, 24 inches, and 30 inches.
Watering between as adjacent to rows or in the middle of
the wide rows.

Water quality, quantity, and soil moisture is monitored weekly.
Total yield and size of tomatoes will be taken at harvest time.

No apparent differences can be noticed on the various treatments
as yet. Uneven plant growth probably due to soil variation.


CABBAGE-LOOPER CONTROL


Block D, Land 1 (Drs. Schuster, Workman, Denton and Chalfant)

Purpose: To evaluate candidate insecticides for control of cabbage looper
on cabbage in three Florida locations and one Georgia location
under similar conditions.


Crop:


Cabbage, var. 'Rio Verde'


March 10; Treated:


Weekly, beginning March 28


Treatments:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.


Check (water)
PP 557 2 EC
PP 557 2 EC
SD 43775 2.4 EC
SD 43775 2.4 EC
Thiodan 2 EC
Thiodan 2 EC
Lannate 1.8 L
Dipel WP
Thuricide HP


lb ai/100 gal/acre

0.10
0.05
0.10
0.05
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.55 product
0.55 product


Operation:


Plants treated on alternate weeks with Bravo 6 F or Manzate 200.
A larval count was completed on April 14-15 at the cupping stage.
Another count and damage rating will be taken at harvest.


SUMMARY: All treatments reduced larval numbers at cupping. However, the
synthetic pyrethroids (PP 557, and SD 43775) were the superior
treatments.


Set:









SOIL FUMIGATION AND pH


Block C, Lands 1 and 19 (A. J. Overman and John Paul Jones)

Purpose: Determine the effect of 1 and 3 streams of MC-33 and of soil pH
on development of Verticillium and Fusarium wilts of tomato
(varieties Walter and Tropic).


Treatments:


Soil pH
I 5.5
II 7.0
III 7.5


Fumigant (MC-33, 350 pa)
1. Control
2. MC-33 1 chisel
3. MC-33 3 chisels


Results: Incomplete



FUMIGANTS FOR VERTICILLIUM WILT AND NEMATODE CONTROL

Block C, Lands 4 and 22 (A. J. Overman and John Paul Jones)

Purpose: Determine efficacy of several fumigants and contact nematicides in
controlling Verticillium wilt and nematode diseases of tomato.'


Treatments:


1. Control
2. MC-33
3. MC-33
4. Vorlex
5. Vorlex
6. Temik
7. Temik
8. UC 21865
9. UC 21865
10. UC 21865
11. UC 21865
12. Furadan


350 pa 1 chisel
350 pa 3 chisels
35 ga 1 chisel
35 ga 3 chisels
2 paa
3 paa
3 paa
6 paa
1.5 paa + transpl. water with 21865
3.0 paa + transpl. water with 21865
10 paa


Results: Incomplete



GENERAL FUMIGATION

Block C, Lands 6 and 24 (A. J. Overman and John Paul Jones)

Purpose: Determine effect of various fumigants on control of soil-borne
diseases of tomato, pepper and bushbeans.


Treatments:


Control
MC-33
Telone C-17
Telone C-17
N.A.-055
N.A.-055
Vorlex
Vorlex


Result: Incomplete


17


350
17
32
25
35
25
35








SOIL FUMIGANTS FOR WATERMELON PRODUCTION


Block C, Lands 12 and 30 (John Paul Jones and A. J. Overman)

Purpose: Determine effect of fumigation, soil pH, and nitrogen source on
development of Fusarium wilt of Sugar Baby watermelon.


Fumigants
1. Vorlex 35 ga
2. Furadan 10 paa
3. Telone C 25 ga
4. Control


Soil pH
1. 5.5
2. 7.0


Nitrogen source
1. 80% NH4:20% NO3
2. 20% NH4:80% NO3


Results: Incomplete







ANTIFEEDANTS

Block C, Land 15 (D. J. Schuster)

Purpose: To evaluate materials as antifeedants for control of the tomato
pinworm and other lepldpptera pests.

Crop: Tomato, var. 'Walter'

Set: March 24; Treated: Weekly, beginning April 11


Treatments:


Check (water)
Plictran 50 WP
Plictran 50 WP
Plictran 50 WP
Duter 19 WP
Vendex 50 WP
Lannate 50 WP


Operation:


lb ai/100 gal

1.00
0.50
0.25
1.50
1.50
0.50


Plants will be treated on alternate weeks with Bravo 6 F or
Manzate 200. Evaluations of leafminer and tomato pinworm damage
to foliage will be completed every two weeks. Fruit damage by
the pinworm will be evaluated at harvest.


Summary: In laboratory tests the organotin compounds have reduced survival
and development of pinworm larvae on tomato foliage. Plictran
has also given pinworm and armyworm control in a field test
comparable to Lannate. Yields were also comparable.


Treatments:











INSECT TOLERANCE OF TOMATO


Block C, Land 15 (D. J. Schuster and J. J. Augustine)

Purpose: To evaluate tolerance of tomato cultivars, breeding lines and wild
species to insects, primarily the tomato pinworm and the vegetable
leafminer.


Crop:

Set:


Tomato

April 14


Entries: 1. Walter
2. 75-32 (selection from Mississippi State University program)
3. PI-199381 selection
4. PI-128230
5. PI-193415, Pennorange E160A
6. Watanakes, N.S.S.L. No. 27260
7. 694-BSR (Dr. Volin, Homestead, breeding line)
8. PI-126445 (Lycopersicon hirsutum)
9. PI-126449 (L. hirsutum f. glabratum)
10. PI-127826 (L. hirsutum)

Operation: Plants treated on alternate weeks with Bravo 6F or Manzate 200.
Evaluations of insect damage to foliage will be completed every
two weeks. Fruit damage will be evaluated at harvest when
applicable.

Summary: Compared to Walter all entries have indicated various levels
of resistance to pinworms, armyworms and leafminers in field
and greenhouse tests. The L. hirsutum lines have the highest
resistance levels.









INSECTICIDE EVALUATION


Block C, Land 16 (Drs. Schuster, Poe, Musgrave)

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of new and old insecticides on the vegetable
leafminer, tomato pinworm and their parasites.

Crop: Tomato, var. 'Walter'

Set: April 21

Treatments: lb ai/100 gal

1. Check (water)
2. Plictran 50 WP 0.5
3. Duter 19 WP 1.5
4. Vendex 50 WP 1.5
5. FMC 33297 3.2 EC 0.1
6. PP 557 2 EC 0.1
7. SD 43775 2.4 EC 0.1
8. Lannate 1.8 L 1.0
9. Orthene 75 SP 1.0
10. Thiodan 50 WP 1.0
11. Monitor 4 EC 1.0
12. Bay NTN 9306 6 EC 1.0
13. Dylox 80 SP 1.0
14. Cygon 2.67 EC 0.5
15. Azodrin 5 EC 1.0
16. Trithion 4 EC 1.0
17. Guthion 50 WP 1.0
18. Diazinon 50 WP 1.0
19. Dibrom 8 EC 1.0
20. Vydate 2.0 L 1.0
21. Marlate 50 WP 1.5

Operation: A single application will be made following which leafminers and
tomato pinworms and their parasites will be evaluated on foliage
6, 12, 18, 24 hrs; 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14 days. Plants will be
treated on alternate weeks with Bravo 6F or Manzate 200.

Summary: Results from a field test with weekly treatments has indicated
that Vydate is effective against leafminers but is toxic to
parasites. Thiodan is effective against the tomato pinworm
and is relatively safe to parasites. In laboratory studies,
Vydate, Cygon, Guthion, Diazinon, Dibrom and Lannate are toxic
to leafminer parasites. Other materials in the test have not
been tested previously when considering target pests and their
parasites.











MOLE-CRICKET CONTROL


Block C, Lands C17 and 18 (D. J. Schuster)

Purpose: To evaluate pesticides in bait and granular forms to control
mole-crickets.


Tomato, var. 'Walter'

April 6; Treated: April 6


Set:


Treatments:


Check
Dyfonate 10G at 4.00 Ib ai/acre
Dyfonate 2% bait at 1.00 lb ai/acre
Diazinon 2% bait at 1.00 Ib ai/acre
Dursban 0.5% bait at 0.25 Ib ai/acre
Dylox 5% bait at 1.00 lb ai/acre


Operation:


One-half of each plot inspected for dead mole-crickets on
1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 42 days following the pre-plant broadcast
application. At the end of 42 days the number of live crickets
will also be counted.


Summary: After one week, more dead crickets were found on beds treated
with Dursban and Dylox although Dyfonate formulations also
afforded control.


Crop:












INSECTICIDES FOR CUCURBITS


Block C, Land 18 (D. J. Schuster)


Purpose: To evaluate new and old pesticides for insect control on
honeydew-like melons and cucumbers.

Crops: Cucumber, var. 'Poinsett'; Melon, var. 'Morgan'


Set:


April 4; Treated: Weekly, beginning April 20


Treatment:


lb ai/100 gal


Check (water)
Imidan 50WP
Imidan 50WP
PP 557 2 EC
Proxol 80 SP
Lannate 1.8 L
Orthene 75 SP
Isotox 25 WP


Operation:


Plants treated on alternate weeks
Counts of melonworms and cucumber
every two weeks.


with Manzate 200 or Bravo 6F.
beetles will be completed


Summary: Proxol, lannate and orthene have all given good control of the
melonworm in previous tests in the field on both cucumber and
'Morgan' melon.


1.00
0.75
0.10
0.50
0.50
0.50
1.00











DOWNY MILDEW TOLERANCE


Block A, Land 1A (Dr. John Paul Jones)

Purpose: Determine how much downy mildew 'Morgan' melon can tolerate
before a spray program should be initiated.


Treatments:


Fungicide weekly
3-6% diseased tissue then spray weekly
6-12% diseased tissue then spray weekly
12-25% diseased tissue then spray weekly
25-50% diseased tissue then spray weekly
No fungicide


Results: Incomplete


TARGET LEAFSPOT TOLERANCE


Block A, Land 1 (Dr. John Paul Jones)

Purpose: Determine how much target leafspot Poinsett cucumber can tolerate
before a spray program needs to be initiated.


Treatments:


Fungicide weekly
3-6% diseased tissue then spray weekly
6-12% diseased tissue then spray weekly
12-25% diseased tissue then spray weekly
25-50% diseased tissue then spray weekly
No fungicide


Results: Incomplete


__











HERBICIDES FOR STALE SEEDBEDS


Block A, Land 5A (D. S. Burgis)

Purpose: To evaluate "stale seedbed" method of weed control with contact
herbicides. Preplant/Preemergence use.

Methods defined:

1. Preplant means that the bed is formed, fertilized and fumigated if necessary
and Paraquat is then applied after the weeds have emerged (planting may be
delayed and a second or third application made to weed regrowth) and the crop
is then seeded in the treated area (stale seedbed technique);

2. Preemergence means that the bed is formed, fertilized, fumigated if necessary,
the weeds allowed to begin growth, the crop is then seeded and Paraquat then
applied just preemergent to the crop but postemergent to the weeds.

Crops:
1. Cucumbers (var. 'Poinsett')
2. Squash, Early summer yellow, several available

Treatments: 3 replications, 10 hill plots

1. Check cultivated
2. Paraquat preplant 1 pt/A (1/4 lb)
3. Paraquat preplant 2 pt/A (1/2 lb)
4. Paraquat preplant 4 pt/A (1 lb)
5. Paraquat preemergence 1 pt/A
6. Paraquat preemergence 2 pt/A
7. Paraquat preemergence 4 pt/A
8. Paraquat preplant 1 pt + preemergence 1 pt
9. Paraquat preplant 2 pt + preemergence 2 pt
10. Paraquat preplant 4 pt + preemergence 4 pt
11. Check uncultivated

Summary: This environmentally desirable weed control method is under
investigation in various areas. The crops must grow with some
weed competition. This experiment is designed to evaluate the
effectiveness of treatment and to measure "weed pressure" in
terms of yield.












SOUTHERN COOPERATIVE MUSKMELON VARIETY TRIALS


Block A, Land 7 (J. J. Augustine and D. S. Burgis)

Purpose: To evaluate melons from the Southern Cooperative Muskmelon Variety
Trials.


Replicated
Entries: 1. Planters Jumbo
2. AC 67-17
3. AC 67-59
4. AC 68-52
5. AC 68-57
6. AC 70-154
7. Fla. 6-28L
8. VBL 63-4-M1-18-M8
9. VBL 67-1-M4-5-M2
10. VBL 74-1
11. Morgan Melon


Operation: Seed was sown Feb. 22nd in
transplanted to the field.
10 hill plots replicated 4
plots have 10 hill plots.


Objective:


Observational
AC 67-5
AC 67-71
AC 75-1
AHD 1
Fla 6-93L
Fla 15-28L
Fla 93-8L
Fla 93-11L
TP 21
Improved Tam-dew
PMR 45


peat pots and on March 8th were
The replicated lines are in
times and the observational


These were planted to look for any potential muskmelon adapted
to this area and to observe if any of these lines had tolerance
or resistance to powdery and downy mildew.










ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF INDUSTRY SUPPORT FOR THE RESEARCH
PROGRAMS AT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER,
BRADENTON, FLORIDA


The effectiveness of the Research Programs at the Agricultural Research and
Education Center here in Bradenton has been greatly enhanced by the excellent
support from the various segments of the Agri-business industries and producers
both locally and nationally. This support in the forms 6f financial grants-in-
aid, products and services, or equipment, supplements existing state funds and
makes each research project at the Center far more productive than could other-
wise be realized. We sincerely appreciate your participation in these research
programs and are pleased to acknowledge your support.

Listed below are the names of agencies, firms or individuals who have contributed
significantly to the research programs during the past two years. We trust that
our records are complete and say again, "thank you for your confidence."

Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill.
Amchem Products, Inc., Gainesville, Fla.
American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, N. J.
Armak Co., McCook, Ill.
Asgrow-Florida Co., Palmetto, Fla.
BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N. J.
Chemagro Agricultural Division, Mobay Chemical Corp., Kansas City, Mo.
Chevron Chemical Co., Richmond, Calif.
CIBA-Geigy, Greensboro, N. C.
Cities Service Co., Atlanta, Ga.
Council Farms, Inc., Ruskin, Fla.
Diamond Shamrock Chemical Corp., Tifton, Ga.
Dow Chemical USA, Atlanta, Ga.
A. Duda & Son, Oviedo, Fla.
E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.
Elsberry Farms, Inc., Ruskin, Fla.
Florida Dept. of Transportation, Sarasota, Fla.
Florida Flower Assn., Ft. Myers, Fla.
Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., Gainesville, Fla.
Florida Fruit and Vegetable Assoc., Orlando, Fla.
Florida Technological University, Orlando, Fla.
Florida Tomato Exchange, Orlando, Fla.
FMC Corp., Niagara Chem. Div., Middleport, N. Y.
Geo. J. Ball, Inc., West Chicago, Ill.
The Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation, Inc., New York, N. Y.
Gloeckner Seed Co., New York, N. Y.
Gulf States Paper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala.
Harllee-Gargiulo, Inc., Palmetto, Fla.
Hooker Chemical and Plastics Corp., Niagara Farll, N. Y.
Hunsader Brothers, Bradenton, Fla.
ICI United States, Inc., Goldsboro, N. C.
IFAS Environmental Center, Univ. of Fla., Gainesville, Fla.












Manatee Board of County Commissioners, Highway Dept., Bradenton, Fla.
Manatee Fruit Co., Palmetto, Fla.
Merck, Sharpe & Dohm Research Laboratories, Rahway, N. J.
Mobil Chemical Co., Richmond, Va.
Monsanto Co., Agricultural Division, St. Louis, Mo.
Nor-Am Agricultural Products, Inc., Woodstock, Ill.
Pacific Packing Co. Inc., Palmetto, Fla.
Pan American Seed Co., Palma Sola, Fla.
Peace River Peat Co., Bartow, Fla.
Paul Ecke, Jr., Encinitas, Calif.
PPG Industries, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Producers Fertilizer Co., Palmetto, Fla.
R. J. Claprood Co., Sun City, Fla.
Rhodia, Inc., Somerset, N. J.
Rohm & Haas Co., Philadelphia, Pa.
See-Pak, Tampa, Fla.
Shell Development Co., Modesto, Calif.
Sierra Chemical Co., Newark, Calif.
Society of American Florists Endowments, Edwardsville, Ill.
Southern Agri. Chem. Co., Rubonia, Fla.
Southwest Florida Water Management District, Brooksville, Fla.
Speedling, Incorporated, Sun City, Fla.
Stauffer Chemical Company, Mountain View, Calif.
Sun Oil Co., Marcus Hook, Pa.
Tennessee Valley Authority, Muscle Shoals, Ala.
Traylor Chemical & Supply Co., Orlando, Fla.
Tropicana Products, Bradenton, Florida
Union Carbide Corp., Columbia, S. C.
University of Florida, IFAS, International Programs, Gainesville, Fla.
University of Florida, IFAS, Share Program, Gainesville, Fla.
Uniroyal, Inc., Bethany, Conn.
USDA, ARS, Market Quality Res. Div., Hyattsville, Md.
V. V. Vogel & Sons Farms, Gibsonton, Fla.
West Coast Tomato Co., Palmetto, Fla.
Yoder Bros., Inc., Ft. Myers, Fla. and Barberton, Ohio