![]() ![]() |
![]() |
|
UFDC Home |
myUFDC Home | Help | ![]() |
Front Cover | |
Title Page | |
Schedule of activities | |
Table of Contents | |
Introduction | |
History of the Agricultural Research... | |
List of faculty | |
Facilities of Agricultural Research... | |
Research | |
Acknowledgement |
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full Citation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Table of Contents | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Front Cover
Front Cover Title Page Page 1 Schedule of activities Page 2 Table of Contents Page 3 Introduction Page 4 History of the Agricultural Research and Education Center - Bradenton Page 5 List of faculty Page 6 Facilities of Agricultural Research and Education Center, Bradenton Page 7 Page 8 Research Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Acknowledgement Page 25 Page 26 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Full Text | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
"3"
r-S Bi, Forida 31st VegetaField Day May 21, 1975 IMtitewad Fod an AgriaouamI Sience Univmsfy of Flrik Bradenton AREC Research Report GC- 197 5 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON, FLORIDA FIFTY (50) YEARS OF RESEARCH HELPING TO IMPROVE FLORIDA AGRICULTURE (1925 1975) BRADENTON AREC RESEARCH REPORT GC-1975-5 D. S, BURGIS, EDITOR PRINTING: EDITORIAL DEPT.,, IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES FOR WEDNESDAY, MAY 21, 1975 RESEARCH REVIEWS AND FIELD DAY ACTIVITIES Wednesday morning 10:00 Welcome and Introduction, W. E. Waters, Center Director Moderator: Mr. Richard Aalberg, Manatee County Extension Director 10:10 Fifty Years of Progress The Golden Anniversary of the Bradenton Research Center. Dr. J. W. Sites, Dean for Research, University of Florida, Gainesville 10:30 12:00 Research Highlights by the Research Faculty of the AREC-Bradenton 10:30 Solar Energy..................................R. F. Luc 10:40 Soil and Atmospheric Fluoride Pollution.......S. S. Wol 10:50 Trickle Irrigation and Nutrition..............N. Persau 11:00 Disease Control..............................J. P. Jon 11:10 Nutritional Studies...........................C. M. Ger 11:20 Soil Treatment for Nematode and Disease Control.................A. J. Ove 11:30 Herbicides, Vegetable Varieties and Tomato Breeding............................ D. S. Bur 11:50 Insect Control................................D. J. Sch 12:00 1:15 Picnic box lunch under the oaks at AREC-Bradenton 1:15 4:00 Tour of Research Plots, AREC-Bradenton as tz d es aldson rman gis uster TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Schedule of Activities... ................................... 2 Table of Contents............................................. 3 Introduction................................................ 4 History of AREC-Bradenton................................... 5 List of Faculty............................................. 6 Facilities of AREC-Bradenton................................ 7-8 FIELD TOUR Faculty and Experimental Plots listed respective to Stations Tour Stops 1. A. Solar Energy (R. F. Lucas)....................... 9 B. Soil and Atmospheric Fluoride Pollution (S. S. Woltz)................................. 10 2. A. Trickle Irrigation and Nutrition (N. Persaud).... 11 B. Cucurbit-fungicide Trials (J. P. Jones)........... 11 3. A. Fertilizer-placement, rates and plant population (C. M. Geraldson)................. 12 B. Row spacing, pruning and fertilizer rate (C. M. Geraldson)............................ 13 C. Single salts to basic fertilizer (C. M. Geraldson)............................ 14 4. Soil pH and fumigation (A. J. Overman, J.P.Jones).... 15 5. A. Immediate and preplant fumigation (A. J. Overman, J. P. Jones)................. 16 B. Comparison of fumigants for control of Verticillium wilt (A. J. Overman, J.P.Jones). 17 6. A. Dwarf Tomato Lines (D. S. Burgis)................ 18 B. Herbicide Evaluation (D. S. Burgis).............. 18 *C. Processing Tomatoes (D. S. Burgis) ............... 18 D. Watermelon-mulch (D. S. Burgis).................. 19 E. uipel insecticide formulation rates-cabbage (D. J. Schuster) ............................. 20 F. F1 Hybrid Tomatoes (D. S. Burgis)................. 21 G. Southern Pea Varieties (D. S. Burgis)............ 21 H. Old Variety Plots (D. S. Burgis).................. 22 I. Replicated STEP Trials (D. S. Burgis)............ 23 J. Leafminer population studies (J. P. Jones, 24 D. J. Schuster).............................. -3- INTRODUCTION On behalf of the faculty and staff, I extend to each of you a most cordial welcome to the Agricultural Research and Education Center at Bradenton. This Center was initiated fifty years ago as a one-man operation in Palmetto and the first ornamental programs began about 17 years later. This Center, with affiliated Agricultural Research Centers located in Dover and Immokalee, Florida, is a Research and Education unit of the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. In Bradenton we have 10 research scientists from various disciplines of training who participate in ornamental plant research programs. Each research scientist also holds a joint appointment with his subject matter department at the University of Florida. This combination of a broad base of research disciplines, industry contacts, and an excellent faculty makes the interdisciplinary cooperative team approach to research problems far more productive than could otherwise be accomplished with limited investment in independent programs. An integral part of the overall mission of this Center deals directly with the vegetable industries in Florida through research programs to (1) Development of new or improving technology for more efficient production, handling and utilization of horticultural products composed mainly of flowers and vegetables; (2) Improvement in quality of products made available to the consuming public; (3) Development of technology and practices to reduce environmental pollution without sacrificing quality during production and thereby enhance man's environment; (4) To maintain and improve the productivity of soils in the state of Florida; (5) Develop information to all Florida growers to compete effectively with other geographic areas of the nation and world; (6) Advancement of basic knowledge of the various scientific disciplines represented by the faculty; (7) To assist the cooperative extension service, departments in the College of Agriculture and other Research Centers with extension, educational training, and cooperative research programs for the benefit of producers, consumers and students. Information presented in this mimeograph summarizes the active research projects under way this season. We sincerely appreciate your interest and support of these research programs and continuously solicit your suggestions for improvement and ideas of industry needs from our research and extension programs. Will E. Waters Center Director HISTORY OF THE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON Agricultural Research & Education Center Bradenton originated in the fall of 1925 with construction of the Tomato Disease Laboratory. Tomato Disease Laboratory: In 1925 a 20-acre tract of county-owned property in Palmetto was made available with the cooperation of the Manatee Board of County Commissioners, with money and equipment supplied by local growers. Primary objective of the laboratory was to formualte a control of nailhead spot of tomato. Later studies emphasized the breeding for resistance to Fusarium wilt and the control of tobacco mosaic on tomatoes. In 1937, with the expansion of the vegetable industry in Manatee County and surrounding areas, the State Legislature authorized new facilities for the research program. Vegetable Crops Laboratory: In August, 1938, the Manatee County Commissioners donated eighty percent of the purchase price of a 106-acre tract on the east side of Bradenton. This expanded program led to the establishment of the Vegetable Crops Laboratory. Following this relocation, horticultural, entomological, and soil studies were initiated on tomatoes, peppers, lettuce, sweet corn, and other vegetables. Since the laboratory was located in the gladiolus growing area, the scope was further broadened in 1942 to include disease problems confronting gladiolus growers. Gulf Coast Experiment Station: In March, 1951, at a meeting of the State Board of Control, the Vegetable Crops Laboratory was given the status of a branch station and was renamed the Gulf Coast Experiment Station. Investigations were then initiated dealing with chemical weed control, nematodes, and other soil-borne pests. The ornamental phase was broadened to include chrysanthemums and other commercial cut-flowers. In the late 1950's it became apparent that the facilities on the outskirts of Bradenton were no longer adequate for the-research program. In 1959 a 200-acre tract was acquired 8 miles east of Bradenton. All of the vegetable experimental field programs were moved to this new location. In 1965, upon completion of the construction of office and laboratory facilities, farm buildings, greenhouses, and a residence, all research programs were conducted on this new land. Agricultural Research & Education Center Bradenton: In 1971 the Gulf Coast Experiment Station was renamed Agricultural Research & Education Center to emphasize the programs of both research and education. Active programs are in progress on production problems associated with vegetables and ornamentals grown on the sandy soils of Florida. AREC-Bradenton has administrative and research supervision over two satellite stations: ARC-Immokalee (formerly the South Florida Field Laboratory) and ARC-Dover (formerly the Strawberry and Vegetable Field Laboratory). The former center specializes in vegetable nutrition and culture, etiology and control of diseases, and pasture research, while the latter is the hub of strawberry research in Florida, including breeding, horticultural and pathological studies. LIST OF FACULTY, APPOINTMENT DATE, AND AREA OF SPECIALIZATION Agricultural Research and Education Center Bradenton, Florida Waters, Will E., 1960, Horticulturist and Center Director. Administration, soil and plant nutrition, and herbicides. (Augustine, J. J., July 1975),. Asst. Geneticist. Tomato breeding, genetics of fungus and virus disease resistance. Burgis, D. S., 1946, Horticulturist. Vegetable production, weed control and growth regulators. Engelhard, A. W., 1966, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental crops. Geraldson, C. M., 1951, Soils Chemist. Soil nutritional problems and their relationship with cultural methods for vegetable production. Jones, J. P., 1958, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of vegetable crops. Magie, R. 0., 1945, Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of diseases of ornamental crops with emphasis on gladiolus flower and corm diseases. Marousky, F. J., 1967, Research Horticulturist (USDA). Post-harvest physiology of cut flowers. Overman, A. J., 1945, Nematologist. Etiology and control of nematode problems of ornamentals and vegetables. Schuster, D. J., 1975, Asst. Entomologist. Identification, biology and control of insects and mites of vegetables and ornamentals. Wilfret, G. J., 1969, Asst. Geneticist. Breeding and development of new varieties of cut-flowers and other ornamental crops. Woltz, S. S., 1953, Plant Physiologist. Physiology disorders and diseases of vegetable and ornamental crops. Asst. Ornamental Horticulturist. Systems for production, harvesting and marketing of ornamental crops. Area Farm Management Economist. Development of economic data on ornamental, vegetable and other crops. Agricultural Research Center Immokalee, Florida Everett, P. H., 1958, Soils Chemist. Center Administration, soil and plant nutrition, production, and variety development of vegetable crops. Blazquez, C. H., 1966, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Etiology and control of vegetable diseases with emphasis on disease forecasting & fungicide longevity. Agricultural Research Center Dover, Florida Albregrs, E. E., 1967, Assoc. Soils Chemist. Center Administration, production, soil, and plant nutrition of strawberries and vegetables. Howard, C. M., 1967, Assoc. Plant Pathologist. Strawberry breeding and etiology and control of vegetable and strawberry diseases. FACILITIES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER, Bradenton The Research and Education Center, Bradenton, has developed excellent new facilities since 1965. Each scientist has available office, laboratory, greenhouse, and field areas as well as field and laboratory technicians to support his research programs. The research facilities consist of 200 acres of sandy soil located at the main center, plus 40 acres near Cortez, Florida, 27 buildings containing 16 offices, library, 9 laboratories, 3 headhouses, 10 greenhouses, 5 storage buildings, 8 walk-in cold rooms, 2 large saran ranges for ornamental plants, maintenance shop, four irrigation wells, a fleet of vehicles and tractors. The list below is a numerical key to facilities sketched on page 8 of this publication. KEY TO FACILITIES State Building Numerical Key Building Name Number 1 Office and Laboratories 7601 2 Ornamental Saran House 7616 3 Chemical Storage 7629 4 Soil Boxes 5 Ornamental-Nematology Greenhouse 7628 6 Ornamental Research Saran House 7626 7 Plant Production House 7625 8 Plant Pathology Greenhouse 7615 9 Entomology-Tomato Genetics Greenhouse 7614 10 Horticulture Greenhouse 7613 11 Ornamental-Genetics Greenhouse 7627 12 Herbicide Greenhouse 7611 13 Tomato-Genetics Greenhouse 7610 14 Pesticide Storage 7609 15 Headhouse, Laboratory, Cold Rooms 7624 16 Speedling Greenhouse 7630 17 Storage Shed 18 Well House 19 Equipment Storage 7607 20 Bulb Shed 7621 21 Well House 22 Farm Maintenance 7604 23 Farm Equipment Building 7605 24 Residence 7602 25 Cortez Farm Building (not shown) 7623 26 Soil Sterilization 7631 27 Fumigation Greenhouse 7632 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER BRADENTON, FLO R I DA C L C BRADENTON AREC Research Report GC-1975-5 SOLAR ENERGY Horticulture Greenhouse (Mr. R. F. Lucas) Purpose: To design and construct an efficient and inexpensive greenhouse heating system by conversion of solar energy. Operation:Solar radiation (heat energy) is captured within the collector boxes with the heat being transferred to the water circulating in the black plates. The hot water is circulated to a storage tank for later use. During cold weather the hot water is circulated through heat exchangers beneath the benches where a fan blows the warm air. A similar system using hot air instead of water is also under development at the Center. Results: The present solar heating system is working as designed and is capable of holding nighttime greenhouse temp. at 600 for up to five days with no additional heat input. The cost of the system has been reduced considerably from original estimates. All components are now readily available and total greenhouse solar heating systems could be commercially available in the very near future. FLUORIDE POLLUTION Location: Fumigation greenhouse (S. S. Woltz) Purpose: To determine the visible and hidden injury produced in various vegetable crops by soil-borne and atmospheric fluoride; to determine benefit of varied liming practices on the injury. Crops: Sweet corn 'Silver Belle' Mustard 'Florida broadleaf' Turnip 'Purple top white globe' Blackeyed pea 'California #5' Green bean 'Harvester' Planting Date: March 25 Treatments: Soils in boxes steamed virgin Myakka fine sand. Soil I: 1,000 lbs Dolomite per acre 2,000 lbs Superphosphate per acre Soil II: 1,000 2,000 3,000 lbs Dolomite per acre Ibs Superphosphate per acre lbs Hydratea lime per acre Fumigation Air in F Air in F Air in F greenhouses, air partially scrubbed over G 1: Scrubbed air G 2: Scrubbed air + 4 parts per billion (micrograms F as HF per cubic meter G 3: Scrubbed air + 20 parts per billion (micrograms F as HF per cubic meter water on pads fluoride of air) fluoride of air) Procedure: Hydrofluoric acid solutions are vaporized in gas generators on west side of greenhouses and blown through the greenhouse compartments by fans changing the air every 2 minutes. Fluoride in air is continuously monitored by air sampling; adjustments are made as required according to the air analysis results. Soil fluoride is derived from superphosphate. Liming with hydrated lime reduces availability of fluoride to plants as a soil treatment variable in the experimental procedure. Results: Sweet corn was damaged by soil-borne and atmospheric fluoride. Damage was reduced by liming. Sweet corn injury was expressed as a tip and marginal leaf scorch. Blackeyed peas were damaged in Soil I, apparently by soil-derived fluoride. Fluoride is released from superphosphate by soil acidity and acidity of the superphosphate. Air-borne fluoride resulted in additional damage to blackeyed peas in terms of leaf scorch. Liming to high pH levels with hydrated lime reduced soil-borne and atmospheric fluoride damage. Recommendations: Follow good liming procedures to avoid the effects of soil-borne fluoride toxicity which result from low pH 5.0 to 5.5). Fluoride toxicity may be included in the "soil-acidity- complex" which is incompletely defined. -10- TRICKLE IRRIGATION Block G, Land 2 (N. Persaud, S. Locascio,.C. M. Geraldson) Purpose: To evaluate the effect of rates and placement of N and K and irrigation system on tomatoes grown with mulch. Crop: Tomato Walter Set: February 21 Treatments:* Seep Trickle** Broadcast Broadcast Broadcast Banded 3" below 10% Bdcst 10% Bdcst 90% banded on top 90% 3" below *Replicated in Gainesville **Anjac (Drip-Eze) Results preliminary Experiment duplicated using - using trickle and overhead irrigation seep irrigation in Block I, Land 2 (see p.13). CUCUMBER-CANTALOUPE FUNGICIDE TRIAL Land: G Block Purpose: 1) Determine efficacy of sodium azide alone and in combination with various foliar fungicides in controlling soil rot incited by Rhizoctonia solani. 2) Determine efficacy of various foliar fungicides in controlling leaf spotting diseases of cucumber and cantaloupe. Treatments: Main Plots I. Sodium azide II. Sodium azide III. Control Subplots 1. Bravo 2. Phaltan 3. DuPont experimental 4. Control Results: Incomplete -11- K20 120 240 360 50% in water 50% in water 50% in water 50% in water NUTRITION PLANT POPULATION Land 1 (C. M. Geraldson) To evaluate combinations of plant populations, fertilizer placements and fertilizer rates on pepper production. Pepper CalWonder February 25 Treatments: Fertilizer 1 2 Bd Fertilizer A B Results: Fall 1974 Fertilizer 1 2 3 Variety Yo Ca Fert. Rate Placement Center band 2 bands Broadcast Rate 1000 18-0-25-2 2000 Placement Center band 2 bands 2 bands Lo Wonder L Wonder 1000 #/A Y Population C 19200 25600 19200 28800 19200 38400 500# Phos 20# Fruit Population 19200 19200 28800 30# Units 1154 1196 1436 1280 1242 1276 -12- Block I, Purpose: Crop: Set: #/Fruit 0.343 .339 .348 .335 .351 .347 SPACING, PRUNING, AND FERTILIZER Block I, Land 2 (C. M. Geraldson) Purpose: To evaluate combinations of pruning in conjunction with production. Crop: Set: plant spacings and reciprocal fertilizer rates on tomato Tomato Walter, Tropic February 21 Treatments: Fertilizer Rate A 1000 lbs A 18-0-25-2 B 1500 C 2000 Spacing pruning Spacing 12" 18 24 30 (W) Pruning fork once none none 500# Phos 20# Frit/A (T) 5 or 6 2 or 3 fork none Results: Fall 1974 Walter 30# Units 3262 3434 3566 3568 3344 3296 3472 3420 Tropic # Fruit 30# Units .320 .334 .340 .336 .346 .324 .320 .331 3116 3956 3696 3608 3680 3368 3696 3590 lbs/plant # Fruit .482 .516 .467 .488 .486 .527 .453 .488 -13- 11.2 16.9 20.8 28.0 SALTS AND FERTILIZERS Block I, Land 2 (C. M. Geraldson) Purpose: To evaluate additions applications on sweet Crop: Silver Queen Planted: February 25, March 13 Treatments: Fertilizer Rates a 500# 18-0-25-2 A 1000 Single Salts Ca(N03)2 CaC12 MgS04 MH4NO3 (NH4)2SO, (NH4)2HP04 Urea K2S04 KC1 KN03 18-0-25-2 of single salts to basic fertilizer corn production. 500# Super 20# Frit 500#/A Results: Spring Crops 600 crates/A (5 dozen ears/crate) Fall Crops 300-400 Extra nitrogen higher yields chlorides poorer yields urea detrimental -14- SOIL pH AND FUMIGATION EFFECTS ON SOIL PESTS Block C, Land 1 (A. J. Overman and J. P. Jones) Purpose: To evaluate the effect of soil pH on the efficacy of Furadan and sodium azide in improving tomato production of land infested with rootknot nematodes, Fusarium race 2 and Verticillium wilt disease fungi. Crop: Tomato, cv. 'Manapal' Treated: Azide February 25, 1975 Furadan March 7, 1975 Transplants Set: March 12, 1975 Treatments: 4 replicates Soil pH: I. 5.5 II. 7.0 III. 7.5-8.0 Chemicals: 1. Control (+ Aldrin) 2. Sodium azide 15G 30 lb ai/A 3. Furadan 10G 10 lb ai/A Operation: A high level of pest infestation has been established in the field over several years of cropping. Soil pH levels have been adjusted with sulfur and lime and maintained over several years of tomato production. Sodium azide was broadcast in No. 2 on Feb. 25 and the entire field was rototilled to an 8-inch depth. Furadan was broadcast in No. 3 plots on Feb. 7 and again the entire field was rototilled. On the same day, the field was bedded, 1 ton/A 18-0-25 fertilizer was banded on the edges of the 28-inch bed surface and 55-lb Kraft paper mulch laminated on both sides with .25 mil poly-film was applied as a full-bed mulch. Planting holes were cut 2 days before setting. Results: The test is still in progress. -15- IMMEDIATE AND PRE-PLANT FUMIGATION ON TOMATOES Block B, Land 12 (A. J. Overman and J. P. Jones) Purpose: To obtain further information on the question of whether the combination of Furadan and immediate planting can be economically advantageous compared to pre-plant fumigation which necessitates at least a 2-week wait prior to planting in land infested with wilt disease organisms and nematodes. Crop: Tomato, cv. 'Manapal' and 'Walter' Treated: March 4, 1975 Transplants Set: March 5 control 1 Furadan 3 March 25 rest of plots Treatments: 4 replicates Set 3/5: Set 3/25: 1. Control 2. Control Z. Furadan 10G 10 lb ai/A 4. Furadan 10G 10 Ib ai/A 5. Telone 20 gal/A 6. Vorlex 35 gal/A 7. MC-33 350 lb/A Operation: Furadan was braodcast over appropriate plots and the entire field was rototilled. Beds were immediately constructed and 1 ton/A 18-0-25 fertilizer banded on the edges of a 28-inch bed surface. The fumigants were applied through 3-chisels injected 6 inches deep on 8- inch centers. All beds were mulched with 55 lb Kraft paper laminated on either side with .25 mil poly-film. Planting holes were cut the following day in plots 1 and 3; the east half of each plot was set with Walter, the west with Manapal. Twenty days later the rest of the plots were set. Results: The test is in progress. Furadan is not cleared for tomatoes. -16- FUMIGANT COMPARISONS Block B, Land 13 (J. P. Jones and A. J. Overman) Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of sodium azide and Furadan in comparison with standard soil fumigants for control of Verticillium wilt of tomato. Crop: Tomato, cv. 'Walter' Treated: March 4, 1975 Transplants Set: March 25, 1975 Treatments: 4 replicates 1. Control 2. Sodium azide 15G + Furadan 10G 30 + 10 lb ai/A 3. Sodium azide 15G + Furadan 10G 35 + 10 Ib ai/A 4. Furadan 10G 10 lb ai/A 5. Telone C (old formulation) 20 gal/A 6. Telone C (new formulation) 14 gal/A 7. Vorlex 35 gal/A 8. MC-33 350 lb/A Operation: Azide and Furadan were broadcast over appropriate plots, the entire field rototilled and bedded. Fertilizer, 1 ton/A 18-0-25, was banded on the edges of the 28-inch bed surface and appropriate plots were treated with soil fumigants through 3 chisels 6 inches deep on 8-inch centers. All plots were mulched with polypaper laminate. Plants were set 20 days later. Results: The test is still in progress. -17- DWARF TOMATOES Block A, Land 8A 2 No. rows (D. S. Burgis) 9A 7 rows Purpose: Numerous lines of dwarf tomato stocks being evaluated in an effort to put dwarfism into the fresh market machine harvest program. Most dwarf lines do not have the necessary disease resistances. Plants with Fusarium and Verticillium wilt resistance together with gray leaf spot and Alternaria resistance will be selected. Some of these plant types will be channeled into the AREC ornamental program for development into pot varieties. Planted: February 25, 1975 HERBICIDE TESTING Block A, Land 11 and 11A (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate the effects of multiple spray applications of Paraquat on yield and quality of tomatoes and peppers. Experiment is designed so that samples of first harvest fruit can be obtained and sampled for Paraquat (chemical) residue. Variety: Walter tomato; Early Cal Wonder pepper Planted: March 7, 1975 Treatment: 1. Check uncultivated 2. Check hand cultivated 3. Paraquat 1/8 lb/A + surfactant 4. Paraquat 1/4 Ib/A + surfactant 5. Paraquat 1/2 lb/A + surfactant 6. Paraquat 1 lb/A + surfactant Operation: Growers are using multiple applications of Paraquat. These are applications made Zero, 7, 14 and 21 days prior to first harvest. Residue samples are taken from first harvest. Work supported by Grant-in-Aid from Chevron Chemical Co. -18- WATERMELON MULCH Block A, Land 8 (5 South rows) (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: Evaluation of watermelon production on close row spacing comparing mulched and unmulched beds. Planted: March 14, 1975 Variety: Charleston Gray Treatments: 1. 55 lb Kraft paper with .25 mil layer of polyethylene on each side 2. Conventional bed History of Experiment: Mulched beds treated with Planavin herbicide, fertilized with 18-0-25-2 fertilizer at 1200 lb/A, covered and planted, Unmulched beds were treated in same manner but herbicide and fertilizer rotovated into formed bed and planted. CANNING TOMATOES Block A, Land 8 2 No. Rows (D. S. Burgis) Land 9 2 So. Rows Purpose: Comparison of single plant tomato lines selected for resistance to race 2 Fusarium and Verticillium wilt Planted: February 25, 1975 Variety: Processing tomato unreleased Florida lines Lines Under Test: Line No. 1 052-054 2 055-062 3 063 4 064-069 History: Tomato canning in Florida is historically a salvage operation. Interest is changing toward the use of canning types that can be lye peeled and whole packed. This greatly increases the product quality. Tomato types developed in Florida have the necessary disease resistance for growing under Florida conditions. -19- INSECTICIDE FORMULATION RATES Block A, Land 8A (5 south rows) (D.J. Schuster, D.S. Burgis, W.E. Waters) Purpose: To evaluate three formulations of Dipel(R) (Bacillus thuringiensis HD-1) at three application rates for control of worms, chiefly the cabbage looper, on cabbage. Crop: Cabbage, 'Copenhagen Market' Set: February 24, 1975 Replicates: A, B, C and D Treatments: 1. Dipel WP at 0.5 lb/A 2. Dipel WP at 0.25 lb/A 3. Dipel WP at 0.125 lb/A 4. Dipel WPHP at 0.5 lb/A 5. Dipel WPHP at 0.25 lb/A 6. Dipel WPHP at 0.125 lb/A 7. Dipel SC at 4 BIU/A 8. Dipel SC at 2 BIU/A 9. Dipel SC at 1 BIU/A 10. Check Operation: Plots treated weekly with Dithane M-45. Plots treated with Lannate R) (0.5 Ib/A) on March 31, 1975, to suppress worm populations. First Dipel R) treatments applied April 7, 1975 and at weekly intervals until harvest. Worms will be counted weekly until harvest. Yield quantity and quality will be measured. Results: It is thought all three formulations should give comparable good control, although the SC formulation has not been as effective in some tests with other pests under different conditions. Work supported by Grant-in-Aid from Abbott Laboratories. -20- F1 HYBRID TOMATOES Block A, Land 6, 50 foot plots at East end (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: A comparison of F1 hybrid tomatoes Planted: February 21, 1975 Varieties: 1. Florida OHH-3 unreleased fixed line for comparison 2. Florida Fl(A) 3. Florida Fl(A) Peto Seed Company 4. Florida F1(B) 5. Florida F1(B) Bruinsma seed Company 6. Walter commercial tomato included for comparison 7. Florida No. 152 unreleased line for comparison Only #6 is commercial. Other items are home garden type tomatoes. SOUTHERN PEAS Block A, Land 6A (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To evaluate 7 varieties of Southern Peas available to area U-Pick growers and homeowners. Planted: March 15, 1975 Varieties: 1. Whipporwill 2. Cream 40 3. Pinkeye 4. Purple hull 5. Zippercream 6. Floracream 7. California blackeye #5 -21- OLD TOMATO VARIETIES Block A, Land 4 (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: To observe tomato varieties that have been grown in Florida in years past. Crop: Tomatoes Planted: February 18, 1975 Varieties: Atkinson Earliana Floradel Floralou Grothen Globe Homestead 24 Homestead 61 Homestead 500 Immokalee Jefferson Manalucie Manasota Manalee Manapal 175 176 177 178 179 180 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 Marglobe Marion Pearson Pritchard Stokesdale Supermarket Tropi-Gro Tropi-Red Indian River Valiant Manahill Walter Tropic Improved Walter Operation:Because most of these varieties are not resistant to Race 2 and Verticillium wilt, the soil was treated with MC-33 fumigant. -22- TOMATO STEP TRIALS Block A, Land 4A (D. S. Burgis) Purpose: These are the Southern Tomato Exchange Program (STEP) Variety trials. Replicated trials of these are grown at 30 or more locations in the southeast U.S. on an annual basis for observation. Crop: Tomato Planted: February 19, 1975 Varieties: Replicated Trial 1. Floradel 2. Improved Walter 3. STEP 612 4. STEP 615 5. STEP 616 6. 908-u4 7. STEP 618 Observational Trial 1. Floradel 2. Homestead 24 3. Improved Walter 4. STEP 622 5. STEP 623 6. STEP 624 7. STEP 625 8. STEP 626 9. STEP 627 10. STEP 628 11. STEP 629 12. STEP 630 13. STEP 631 14. Florida Beefstez Operation: Sitterly, Clemson University Lambeth, Univ. of Missouri Greenleaf, Auburn Univ. Flora Dade Hernandez, LSU Taylor, Vir. Exp. Sta. Greenleaf, Auburn Univ. Gilbert, Univ. of Hawaii Hills, VBL, Charleston, S. Hills, VBL, Charleston, S. Sitterly, Clemson Univ. Sitterly, Clemson Univ. Sitterly, Clemson Univ. Sitterly, Clemson Univ. Lambeth, Univ. of Missouri Soil was treated with MC-33 fumigant since some of these varieties are not resistant to Race 2 Fusarium or Verticillium wilt. -23- LEAFMINER POPULATION STUDIES Block IA, Land 1(J. P. Jones and D. J. Schuster) Purpose: To correlate leafminer populations on tomatoes and yield. The effect of determinate versus indeterminate tomatoes on miner populations will also be studied. Crop: Tomatoes, varieties 'Walter' and 'Floradel' Planted: February 11, 1975 Set: March 10, 1975 Replicates: A, B, C, D, and E Treatments: 1 = Vydate at #/A twice weekly 2 = Vydate at Ib/A weekly 3 = Vydate at lb/A biweekly 4 = Vydate at lb/A every third week 5 = check (no spray) Operation:Plots are treated weekly with Dithane M-45. Applications were first applied on March 17, 1975. Beginning April 15, the number of active and inactive mines on 10 trifoliages randomly selected from lower plant portions will be counted. Quantitative and qualitative yield information will be collected. Results: In the past it has not been possible to correlate leafminer populations with yield reductions except when 100% de- foliation is approached. It is thought insect populations were too low in previous tests. Hopefully, we will have a large enough population this season. -24- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF INDUSTRY SUPPORT FOR THE RESEARCH PROGRAMS AT AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTER, BRADENTON, FLORIDA The effectiveness of the Research Programs at the Agricultural Research and Education Center here in Bradenton has been greatly enhanced by the excellent support from the various segments of the Agri-business industries and producers both locally and nationally. This support in the forms of financial grants-in-aid, products and services, or equipment,supplements existing state funds and makes each research project at the Center far more productive than could otherwise be realized. We sincerely appreciate your participation in these research programs and are pleased to acknowledge your support. Listed below are the names of agencies, firms or individuals who have contributed significantly to the research programs during the past two years. We trust that our records are complete and say again, "thank you for your confidence." Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill. Amchem Products, Inc., Gainesville, Fla. American Cyanamid Co., Princeton, N.J. Chevron Chemical Co., Orlando, Fla., Richmond, Ca., Pinetta, Fla. Council Farms, Inc., Ruskin, Fla. Diamond Shamrock Chemical Corp., Tifton, Ga. Dow Chemical USA, Atlanta, Ga. A. Duda & Son, Oviedo, Fla. E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. Elsberry Farms, Ruskin, Fla. Florida Flower Assn., Ft. Myers, Fla. Florida Tomato Committee, Orlando, Fla. The Fred C. Gloeckner Foundation, Inc., New York, NY FMC Corp., Niagara Chem. Div., Middleport, NY Frit Industries, Inc., Ozark, Ala. Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., Gainesville, FL Gulf States Paper Corp., Tuscaloosa, Ala. Geo. J. Ball, Inc., West Chicago, Ill. Hillsborough County Marketing Commission, Plant City, Fla. Harllee-Gargulio, Inc., Palmetto, Fla. H. J. Heinz Co., Bowling Green, Ohio IFAS Environmental Center, Univ. Fla., Gainesville, FL Maule Industries, Inc., Hialeah, FL Mallinckrodt Chem. Corp., St. Louis, Mo. Mobil Chemical Co., Richmond, Va. Manatee Board of County Commissioners, Highway Dept., Bradenton, FL Manatee Fruit Co., Palmetto, Fla. Mazzoni Flower Farms, Delray Beach, Fla. Monsanto Co., Agricultural Div., St. Louis, Mo. Pan American Seed Co., Palma Sola, FL Peace River Peat Co., Bartow, FL Paul Ecke, Jr., Encinitas, Ca. PPG Industries, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. R. J. Claprood Co., Sun City, FL Rohm & Haas Co., Philadelphia, PA Sierra Chem. Co., Newark, Ca. Shell Development Co., Modesto, Ca. Southern Agri. Chem. Co., Rubonia, FL Speedling Incorp., Ruskin, FL Stuaffer Chem. Co., Mountain View, CA Sun Oil Co., Marcus Hook, PA -25- University of Florida, IFAS, International Programs, Gainesville, FL University of Florida, IFAS, Share Program, Gainesville, FL 3M Co., Minneapolis, Minn. USDA, ARS, Market Quality Res. Div., Hyattsville, Md. Union Carbide Corp., Columbia, S.C. W. Atlee Burpee Co., Sanford, Fla. West Coast Tomato Co., Palmetto, FL Yoder Bros., Inc., Ft. Myers, Fla. and Barberton, Ohio -26- |