*5 GULF COAST RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER
IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
5007-60th Street East
3 Bradenton, FL 34203
Bradenton GCREC.Research Report BRA1986- I\ March 1986
FRESH MARKET TOMATO VARIETY TRIAL RESULTS FOR FALL 1985
AT BRADENTON, FLORIDA
T. K. Howe, J. W. Scott, and W. E. Watemil
Various commercial fresh market tomato cultivars and advanced IFAS breeding
lines were evaluated in a replicated trial in the fall of 1985 at the Gulf
Coast Research and Education Center at Bradenton, FL. Thirteen of the
sixteen entries in this trial were also included in variety trials at three
other IFAS agricultural research centers in Immokalee,. Homestead, and Fort
Pierce, The thirteen entries included IFAS breeding lines 7124, 7128, 7129,
7131, 7155, 7175, 7176 and 7177, and commercial cultivars 'Hayslip',
'Horizon'D 'Duke', 'FTE 12', and 'Sunny'. A separate statewide report will
be .published by the tomato trials working group. This report details
results from the Bradenton location only.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two months prior to bed preparation for this trial, the field was broadcast
with 600 lb/A of superphosphate (0-20-0 containing 80 Ib/ton F503 oxide
micronutrients) and.1 ton/A of dolomite. Raised beds of EauGallie fine sand
were formed August 7, 1985. The 30-inch wide, 9-inch high beds were spaced
on 4.5 ft centers with irrigation ditches spaced between every 7 beds.
Fertilizer incorporated 3-4 inches into the full width of the bed included
18-0-25-2 (N-P205-K20-MgO) at 3.4 lb/100 linear feet of bed (LFB) and high
calcium (97% CaCO3) lime at 8.1 lb/100 LFB. Finally, 18-0-25-2 at 17.5 lb/
100 LFB was distributed in 2 narrow bands in shallow grooves on the bed
surface 9 inches to each side of the bed center. The beds were fumigated
with methyl bromide:chloropicrin (66%:33%) at 3.6 lb/100 LBF and mulched
with white polyethylene plastic. Diazinon(R) bait was broadcast for the
control of mole crickets.
All entries (Table 1) were sown on July 15, 1985, into wooden flats
containing SAF-T-BLAST(R) (Mineral Aggregates, Inc.) an inert processed
product of spent coal. Seedlings were transferred 9 days later into
TODD(R) planter flats (Speedling Inc., 1 1/2 x 1 1/2 x 2 1/2 in., model 150)
containing vermiculite and Canadian peat (1:1, v:v) amended with
superphosphate, dolomite and micronutrients. Transplants were set in the
field on August 28, 1985, 28.5 inches apart in single rows in the center
of each bed and staked. Four replicates of 10 plants per entry were
arranged in a randomized complete block design. Limited resetting was done
1Biological Administrator I (Variety Trials), Associate Professor
(Vegetable Breeding), and Center Director, respectively.
twice on August 29 and September 12, 1985. Devrinol(R) was applied to the
row middles the week of September 3 for Weed control.
Integrated pest management was used for insect control throughout the
season. Monitor(R ws applied three times on a weekly basis starting in
mid-October. Lannate(R) was applied once on October 1. Monitor was used
to control the serpentine leafminer, while Lannate(R) was used to control
armyworms. All pesticides were applied at recommended label rates.
A regular spray program was followed as prevention and for alleviation of
fungal and bacterial diseases. Mancozeb plus tribasic copper sulfate was
applied eleven times from September 10 to November 5 with an additional
application on November 22. Mancozeb alone was used only twice the first 2
weeks of the season. Bravo(R) was used twice on November 8 and 26.
Disease problems, primarily bacterial spot and target spot, were a constant
pressure on the crop. Weather conditions were severe in the fall of 1985.
Hurricane Elena (August 31 September 2) and Hurricane Juan (October 30, 31
- November 1) caused some damage to the field plots some damage. Higher
than normal temperatures, especially at night, was detrimental to fruit set
as well. Further weather.information is contained in Table 2.
Fruit were harvested by hand at the mature-green stage (or beyond) on
November 7 and 18, and December 2, 1985. Tomatoes were graded as cull or
marketable in quality, and marketable fruit were sized by machine as: less
than 7 x 7 (cull), 7 x 7 (small), 6 x 7 (medium), 6 x 6 (large) and 5 x 6
(extra large) according to commercial standards. Both culls and marketable
fruit were counted and weighed. Average fruit weight, percentage of culls
percentage of large plus extra large fruit (6 x 6 plus 5 x 6) and the
percentage of extra large fruit alone (5 x 6 only) were calculated in
addition to yield for each harvest and for the entire season.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
SEASONAL:
Cumulative yields for the fall 1985 season are in Table 3. Eleven of the
entries were not significantly different from each other with respect to
highest marketable yield for the whole season. They were: 'Hayslip,'
'Duke,' IFAS 7177, 'All Star,' IFAS 7155, 'Sunny,' IFAS 7131, IFAS 7124,
'Shamrock #1,' 'FTE 12,' and IFAS 7129. Yield for all entries ranged from
200 to 261 cartons/1000 linear feet of bed (LFB). Yield of extra large
fruit (5 x 6) ranged from 93 to 156 cartons/1000 LFB. Nine entries were
similar in greatest yield of extra large fruit: 'Duke,' IFAS 7177,
'Hayslip,' IFAS 7131, IFAS 7124, 'Sunny,' IFAS 7175, 'Shamrock #1,' and
IFAS 7155. Only six entries had greater than 50% of the total marketable
harvest attributable to extra large fruit: IFAS 7175, 'Duke,' IFAS 7131,
IFAS 7124, IFAS 7177 and IFAS 7129. Cull production ranged from 23.3%
('Hayslip') to 38.3% ('Horizon') based on total harvested fruit. Rough
blossom ends and radial cracking accounted for much of the poor quality
fruit. Average fruit weight for the season ranged from 4.2 to 5.2 oz
('Sunny' and IFAS 7175, respectively).
FIRST HARVEST (NOVEMBER 7. 1985):
Earliness as judged by the marketable yield at first harvest ranged from
33.7 to 73.8 cartons / 1000 LFB (Table 4). Nine entries were similar in
total yield, extra large fruit yield and large plus extra large fruit yield,
these included: 'Duke', IFAS 7131, 'Shamrock #1', 'Sunny', IFAS 7175,
'Horizon', 'FTE 12', IFAS 7177, and 'Hayslip'. The first harvest was timed
to be indicative of earliness among the entries, although the yields for
this harvest were not the highest of the season. Earliest varieties were
IFAS 7131, IFAS 7175, 'Duke', and 'Horizon' all of which produced over 25%
of the total seasonal yield at the first harvest (Table '5). Extra large
fruit yields ranged from 31.5 66.8 cartons per 1000 LFB. Extra large
fruit accounted for greater than 85% of the initial harvest for all but one
entry, while large plus extra large combined accounted for greater than
;97.0% of the initial harvest for every entry.
Cull production, which ranged from 27.9 to 51.0%, was higher when compared
to other fall seasons (1,2,3) and was attributed to the severe weather
conditions which occurred during Hurricanes Elena and Juan. Many fruit at
the first pick were culled due to rough blossom ends and radial cracking.
Average fruit weight on November 7 ranged from 6.5 to 7.5 oz and there was
no significant difference among the entries.
SECOND HARVEST (NOVEMBER 18,1985):
Greatest yields were obtained at the second harvest ranging from 82.5 to
154.7 cartons per 1000 LFB (Table 6). Half of the entries were not
significantly different with respect to total yield. The proportion of
extra large fruit fell by the second harvest to between 35.3 and 64.3% of
the total marketable yield. The proportion of large fruit rose however, as
evidenced by the proportion of extra large plus large fruit which exceeded
85% for all but three entries. Cull production was much less than that of
the first harvest and ranged from 12.6 to 27.8% for 'All Star' and 'Hybrid
724', respectively. Average fruit weight dropped along with size and ranged
from 5.2 to 6.4 oz for 'All Star' and IFAS 7175, respectively.
THIRD HARVEST (DECEMBER 2, 1985):
Marketable yield for the final harvest ranged from 39.5 to 95.7 cartons per
1000 LFB for IFAS 7124 and 'Hayslip', respectively (Table 7). Extra large
fruit as a proportion of the marketable harvest fell to below 20% for all
entries in the trial except IFAS 7176 (25.8%), and IFAS 7175 (30.3%). The
percentage of extra large plus large was still greater than 50% of the total
yield for IFAS 7175, IFAS 7176, IFAS 7177, 'Hayslip', and IFAS 7155. Latest
maturing entries based on the proportion of the total yield at the last
harvest were:IFAS 7176, 'Hayslip', IFAS 7128, IFAS 7175, IFAS 7129, and 'FTE
12' (greater than 30%).
The percentage of culls produced was greatest at the final harvest and
ranged from 28.5% for IFAS 7176 to 54.9% for 'Horizon'. Average fruit
weight at the last harvest ranged from 4.2 to 5.2 oz for IFAS 7131 and
'Sunny', respectively.
LITERATURE CITED
1. Howe, T. K., J. W. Scott and W. E. Waters. 1985. Fresh market tomato
variety trial results for fall 1984. GCREC Bradenton Research Report
BRA1985-15.
2. Howe, T. K., J. W. Scott and W. E. Waters. 1984. Fresh market tomato
variety trial results for fall 1983. GCREC Bradenton Report BRA1984-3.
3. Howe, T. K., J. W. Scott and W. E. Waters. 1983. Fresh market tomato
variety trial results for fall 1982. Bradenton AREC Research Report
BRA1983-13.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors wish to extend thanks to Elsberry Greenhouses, Inc., of Ruskin,
Florida for the donation of transplant media and the use of their soil
mixing equipment.
Table 1. Sources and types of the tomato cultivars and
included in the fall 1985 variety trial.
breeding lines
zCy
Cultivar/Breeding Line Type Source
IFAS 7177
Hayslip
Duke
All Star
IFAS 7155
Sunny
IFAS 7124
Shamrock #1
FTE 12
IFAS 7131
IFAS 7129
IFAS 7128
IFAS 7176
Horizon (P.V.P.)
Hybrid 724
IFAS 7175
Open pollinated
.Open pollinated
Hybrid
Hybrid
Open pollinated
Hybrid
Open pollinated
Hybrid
Hybrid
Open pollinated
Open pollinated
Open pollinated
Open pollinated
Open pollinated
Hybrid
Open pollinated
Gulf Coast REC
Gulf Coast REC
Petoseed
Petoseed
Gulf Coast REC
Asgrow
Gulf Coast REC
Shamrock
Petoseed
Gulf Coast REC
Gulf Coast REC
Gulf Coast REC
Gulf Coast REC
Gulf Coast REC
Asgrow
Gulf Coast REC
The IFAS 7000 numbers designate breeding lines developed
Research and Education Center, Bradenton, Fl.
Horizon has a plant variety protection (P.V.P.).
Harris Moran Seed Co. and S&M Farm Supply, Inc.
at the Gulf Coast
Seed is available from
Table 2. Temperature and rainfall at the Gulf Coast Research and Education
Center during.the fall of 1985.
Average Average
Maximum Daily Minimum Daily Rainfall
Month(dates) Temperature( F) Temperature (OF) (inches)
August (26-31) 90.0 71.3 1.46
September (1-30) 89.2 68.3 4.99
October (1-31) 88.8 68.9 2.25
November (1-30) 82.8 62.0 2.60
December(1-2) 85.0 65.0 0.00
--
Table 3. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the entire season.
(Harvest dates: November 7, 18 and December 2, 1985).
y,x
z y yx Extra
Cultivar/ Marketable Yield Extra large & w Average
breeding Total Extra Extra large large large Culls fruit
line large & large fruit fruit weight
---(cartons/1000 LFB)-------------------------(%)---------------- (oz)
v
Hayslip 272 a 132 a-c 218 ab 48.0 bc 79.6 be 23.3 f 5.6 be
Duke 265 ab 156 a 224 a 58.8 ab 84.3 ab 28.7 b-f 5.8 a-c
IFAS 7177 261 a-c 137 ab 221 ab 52.3 a-c 84.5 ab 25.6 d-.f 5.6 be
All Star 257 a-d 93 c 179 a-d 36.0 d 69.1 d 24.4 ef 5.0 d
IFAS 7155 255 a-d 117 a-c 206 a-c 45.5 cd 80.5 a-c 30.8 a-e 5.4 cd
Sunny 255 a-d 128 a-c 205 a-d 49.9 bc 79.7 be 27.5 c-f 5.6 bc
IFAS 7131 245 a-e 130 a-c 200 a-d 53.2 a-c 81.9 a-c 30.7 a-e 5.8 a-c
IFAS 7124 244 a-e 129 a-c 205 a-d 52.3 a-c 83.7 ab 31.2 a-e 6.0 ab
Shamrock #1 238 a-e 119 a-c 187 a-d 49.5 bc 78.2 b-d 31.9 a-d 5.5 b-d
FTE 12 237 a-e 110 be 184 a-d 46.4 cd 77.7 b-d 34.0 a-c 5.5 b-d
IFAS 7129 227 a-e 107 be 173 b-d 47.4 be 76.0 ed 35.9 ab 5.6 b-d
IFAS 7128 221 b-e 93 c 164 c-d 41.4 ed 73.5 cd 32.5 a-d 5.5 b-d
IFAS 7176 216 c-e 112 be 176 a-d 51.4 a-c 81.2 a-c 32.0 a-d 5.6 bc
Horizon 212 de 104 bc 173 b-d 49.0 bc 81.2 a-c 38.3 a 5.6 bc
Hybrid 724 203 e 96 c 156 d 47.1 bc 76.7 b-d 38.0 a 5.4 b-d
IFAS 7175 200 e 126 a-c 178 a-d 62.2 a 88.4 a 33.4 a-c 6.3 a
z
Carton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed. Plant spacing = 28.5 inches.
y
Extra large fruit = 5 x 6. Extra large and large fruit = 5 x 6 and 6 x 6 combined.
As a percentage of total marketable yield.
w
As a-percentage of total harvest.
v
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
Table 4. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the first harvest, November 7, 1985.
zzy yqx
Cultivar/ Marketable Yield Extra Ex. large & w Average
breeding Total Extra Extra large large Large Y,x Culls fruit
line large & large fruit fruit weight
---(cartons/1000 LFB)--------- -------- (%) ---------------- (oz)
V
Duke 73.8 a 66.8 a 73.5 a 90.0 ab 99.4 a 36.8 a-c 7.2 a
IFAS 7131 73.7 a 66.8 a 73.3 a 91.0 ab 99.3 a 28.8 c 7.4 a
Shamrock #1 70.0 ab 61.2 ab 69.1 ab 87.9 ab 98.8 a 32.5 bc 7.1 a
Sunny 66.1 a-c 59.9 a-c 65.3 a-c 91.2 ab 98.8 a 26.5 c 6.9 a
IFAS 7175 58.9 a-d 53.4 a-d 58.8 a-d 90.1 ab 99.7 a 34.5 a-c 7.4 a
Horizon 58.4 a-d 50.3 a-e 57.6 a-d 86.2 ab 98.6 a 36.9 a-c 7.0 a
FTE 12 56.8 a-d 47.3 a-e 55.5 a-e 83.4 b. 97.-7 a 35.1 a-c 7.1 a
IFAS 7177 55.1 a-e 47.4 a-e 54.6 a-e 89.4 ab 99.2 a 30.8 c ,7.0 a
Hayslip 51.9 a-e 46.3 a-e 51.6 a-e 89.9 ab 99.5 a 27.9 c 7.2 a
IFAS 7124 50.2 b-e 44.8 b-e 50.0 b-e 90.2 ab 99.6 a 39.2 a-c 7.1 a
Hybrid 724 48.8 b-e 44.1 b-e 48.3 b-e 89.4 ab 98.5 a 33.6 bc 6.5 a
IFAS 7155 45.6 c-e 40.8 b-e 45.3 c-e 89.1 ab 99.2 a 39.3 a-c 6.6 a
All Star 44.7 c-e 38.9 c-e 44.0 c-e 86.1 ab 98.4 a 30.8 c 6.7 a
IFAS 7129 42.0 de 38.9 c-e 41.8 de 92.7 ab 99.7 a 48.9 ab 7.5 a
IFAS 7128 40.2 de 35.2 de 39.6 de 87.8 ab 98.4 a 39.1 a-c 7.2 a
IFAS 7176 33.7 e 31.5 e 33.6 e 92.9 a 99.6 a 51.0 a 7.2 a
z
Carton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed. Plant spacing = 28.5 inches.
y
Extra large fruit = 5 x 6. Extra large and large fruit = 5 x 6 and 6 x 6 combined.
x
As a percentage of total marketable yield.
w
As a percentage of total harvest.
v
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
Table 5. Percentage of seasonal marketable yield by harvest, fall 1985.
Cultivar First Second Third Seasonal
breeding harvest harvest harvest yield
line (Nov. 7) (Nov. 18) (Dec. 2) (cartons/
----------------- ------------------- 1000 LFB)
z y
Hayslip 19.1 45.8 35.1 272 a
Duke 27.8 53.4 18.8 265 ab
IFAS 7177 21.1 50.7 28.1 261 a-c
All Star 17.4 52.7 29.9 257 a-d
IFAS 7155 17.9 50.1 32.0 255 a-d
Sunny 26.0 50.7 23.3 255 a-d
IFAS 7131 30.1 44.7 25.3 .245 a-e
IFAS 7124 20.5 63.3 16.2 244 a-e
Shamrock 1 29.4 52.1 18.4 238 a-e
FTE 12 23.9 44.9 31.2 237 a-e
IFAS 7129 '18.5 49.8 31.8 227 a-e
IFAS 7128 '18.2 48.5 33.3' 221 b-e
IFAS 7176 15.6 48.1 36.2 216 c-e
Horizon 27.5 52.0 20.4 212 de
Hybrid 724 24.0 51.0 25.0 203 e
IFAS 7175 29.4 41.2 29.4 ; 200 e
Any discrepancies in
due to rounding.
y
the addition of individual harvests to equal 100% is
Mean separation by DMRT, 5% level.
Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the second harvest, November 18 1985.
z y
Marketable Yield
Total Extra E:
large
---(cartons/1000 LFB
extra large
& large
)-------
yx
Extra Ex. large & w
large Large Y,x Culls
fruit fruit
----------------(%)----------
IFAS 7124
Duke
All Star
IFAS 7177
Sunny
IFAS 7155
Hayslip
Shamrock #1
IFAS 7129
Horizon
IFAS 7131
IFAS 7128
FTE 12
IFAS 7176
Hybrid 724
IFAS 7175
z
Carton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
y
Extra large
x
Plant spacing = 28.5 inches.
fruit = 5 x 6. Extra large and large fruit = 5 x 6 and 6 x 6 combined.
As a percentage of total marketable yield.
w
As a percentage of total harvest.
v
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
Cultivar/
breeding
line
Average
fruit
weight
(oz)
154.7
141.6
135.5
132.3
129.1
127.8
124.7
124.1
113.2
110.4
109.5
107.4
106.6
103.9
103.8
82.5
a
ab
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
b-d
b-d
b-d
b-d
b-d
cd
cd
d
80.0
81.1
46.6
75.7
58.9
63.8
68.7
53.1
54.6
48.3
56.0
49.6
53.9
59.6
48.7
53.8
ab
a
d
a-c
a-d
a-d
a-d
cd
cd
d
b-d
d .
cd
a-d
d
cd
135.9
126.8
104.0
122.5
111.0
112.5
110.7
100.8
93.0
95.0
98.3
88.7
93.2
92.3
89.9
77.2
a
ab
b-e
a-c
a-d
a-d
a-d
b-e
c-e
b-e
b-e
de
c-e
c-e
c-e
e
51.4
57.9
35.3
56.4
46.1
50.0
54.9
42.9
48.6
43.9
50.4
45.9
51.1
57.6
46.4
64.3
87.7
89.8
77.2
92.3
85.8
88.2
88.2
81.5
82.3
85.9
89.7
82.8
87.7
89.1
86.4
93.2
ab
ab
c
a
a-c
ab
ab
be
.be
a-c
ab
be
ab
ab
a-c
a
23.0
14.4
12.6
14.8
19.4
20.1
12.7
18.0
20.8
26.1
16.9
21.3
21.1
25.2
27.8
19.9
a-c
cd
d
cd
a-d
a-d
d
b-d
a-c
ab
b-d
a-c
a-c
ab
a
a-d
6.2
5.9
5.2
5.8
6.0
5.6
5.8
5.5
5.8
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.7
5.8
5.6
6.4
ab
a-c
c
a-c
a-c
a-c
bc
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
a-c
bc
a
.
Table 6 .
Table 7. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the third harvest, December 2, 1985.
z,y yx
Cultivar/ Marketable Yield Extra Ex. large & w Average
breeding Total Extra Extra large large Large YX Culls fruit
line large & large fruit fruit weight
---(cartons/1000 lin. ft.)---- ----------------(%)----------------(oz)
v
Hayslip 95.7 a 16,9 a-c 55.5 a 18.1 a-c 58.3 ab 32.1 de 4.9 a-c
IFAS 7155 81.7 ab 12.8 a-c 48.7 ab 13.7 cd 57.4 ab 38.8 b-e 4.5 b-e
IFAS 7176 78.2 a-c 21.0 a 49.8 ab 25.8 ab 62.2 ab 28.5 e 5.0 ab
All Star 76.7 a-d 7.6 bc 30.6 a-c 9.2 ed 38.8 c 35.6 c-e 4.2 e
FTE 12 74.0 a-d 9.0 a-c 35.7 a-c 11.6 cd 47.8 bc 46.2 a-c 4.4 c-e
IFAS 7128 73.6 a-d 7.7 bc 35.5 a-c 8.7 d 47.3 bc 40.2 b-e 4.6 b-e
IFAS 7177 73.4 a-d 14.3 a-c 44.0 a-c 19.2 a-c 59.5 ab 38.0 c-e 4.8 a-d
IFAS 7129 72.3 a-d 13.3 a-c 38.2 a-c 14.6 b-d 47.1 bc 45.1 a-d 4.5 b-e
IFAS 7131 62.0 a-d 7.4 bc 28.9 a-c 10.9 ed 47.1 bc 48.2 a-c 4.5 b-e
Sunny 59.4 a-d 8.9 a-c 28.4 a-c 14.4 b-d 47.7 bc 42.5 a-d 4.2 e
IFAS 7175 59.0 a-d 19.1 ab 41.9 a-c 30.3 a 70.1 a 44.6 a-d 5.2 a
Hybrid 724 50.8 b-d 3.6 c 18.2 c 7,2 cd 36.0 c 52.8 ab 4.4 c-e
Duke 49.9 b-d 8.2 a-c 23.6 bc 16.8 a-d 48.5 bc 43.4 a-d 4.3 de
Shamrock #1 43.9 b-d 4.6 c 17.0 c 10.0 ed 37.7 c 54.4 a 4.1 e
Horizon 43.4 ed 5.2 c 20.0 c 12.0 cd 46.3 bc 54.9 a 4.4 c-e
IFAS 7124 39.5 d 3.8 c 19.0 c 9.6 cd 45.5 be 44.9 a-d 4.5 b-e
Carton = 25
y
Extra large
x
lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
Plant spacing = 28.5 inches.
fruit = 5 x 6. Extra large and large fruit = 5 x 6 and 6 x 6 combined.
As a percentage of total marketable yield.
w
As a percentage of total harvest.
v
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
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