GULF COAST RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER
IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA----- -
5007-60th Street East HiJ;!,E L ,.
Bradenton, FL 34203
SE' 20 .1.965 ,;
Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA1985-~ / August 1 85
i.F.A.S. Univ. of Florida
FRESH MARKET TOMATO VARIETY TRIAL RESULTS FOR SPRING 1985
AT BRADENTON, FLORIDA
T. K. Howe, J. W. Scott, and W. E. Waters1
Various commercial fresh market tomato cultivars and advanced IFAS breeding
lines were evaluated in a replicated trial in the spring of 1985 at the Gulf
Coast Research and Education Center at Bradenton, FL. Eleven of the fourteen
entries in this trial were also included in variety trials at four other IFAS
agricultural research centers at Immokalee, Gainesville, Fort Pierce and Quincy.
The eleven entries included IFAS breeding lines 7129, 7130, 7131, 7134, 7144,
7145 and commercial cultivars 'Hayslip', 'Horizon', 'Duke', 'FTE 12', and
'Sunny'. A separate statewide performance report will be published by the tomato
trials working group. This report details results from the Bradenton location
only.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one months prior to bed preparation for this trial, the field was
broadcast with 1200 lb/A of superphosphate (0-20-0 containing 80 Ib/ton F503
oxide micronutrients) and 2 tons/A of dolomite. The land was used in the spring
of 1984 for pepper production, and was left fallow in the fall of 1984. Raised
beds of EauGallie fine sand (1) were formed January 28, 1985. The 30-inch wide
beds were spaced on 4.5 ft centers with irrigation ditches spaced between every 7
beds. Fertilizer incorporated 3-4 inches into the full width of the bed included
18-0-25-2 (N-P205-K20-MgO) at 3.4 lb/100 linear feet of bed (LFB), high calcium
lime at 8.1 lb/100 LFB, and superphosphate containing F503 oxide at 2.6 lb/100
LFB. Diazinon(R) was also incorporated for the control of mole crickets.
Finally, 18-0-25-2 at 17.5 lb/ 100 LFB was distributed in 2 narrow bands in
shallow grooves on the bed surface 9 inches to each side of the bed center. The
beds were mulched with black polyethylene plastic without fumigation.
All entries (Table 1) were sown on January 7, 1985, into wooden flats containing
SAF-T-BLAST(R) (Mineral Aggregates, Inc.) an inert processed product of spent
coal. Seedlings were transferred 14 days later into TODD( ) planter flats
(Speedling Inc., 1 1/2 x 1 1/2 x 2 1/2 in., model 150) containing vermiculite and
Canadian peat (1:1, v:v) amended with superphosphate, dolomite and
micronutrients. Transplants were set in the field on February 28, 1985, 28.5
inches apart in single rows in the center of each bed and staked. Four
replicates of 10 plants per entry were arranged in a randomized complete block
design. Limited resetting was done twice on March 4 and 6 in response to mole
cricket damage. To control mole crickets, the ditches and row middles were
1Biological Scientist III (Variety Trials), Assistant Professor (Vegetable
Breeding), and Center Director, respectively.
broadcast with Dylox(R) on March 1, 1985 (which was ineffective) and with
Diazinon(R) on March 4, 1985.
Integrated pest management was used for insect control throughout the season.
Ambush(R) was applied three times, Monitor(R) was applied three times, and
Vydate(R) was applied once. The serpentine leaf miner and thrips caused the most
serious insect problems.
A regular spray program was followed as prevention against fungal diseases.
Dithane M-45(R) was applied once a week in the month of March. From April
through mid-May, Dithane M-45(R) was alternated with Bravo-500(R), each being
sprayed once a week due to the occurrence of late blight at the research center.
The last two weeks of May, Dithane H-45(R) was applied once and Bravo-50O(R)
once.
Fruit were harvested by hand at the mature-green stage (or beyond) on May 20
and 28 and June 6, 198. Tomatoes were graded as cull or marketable in quality,
and marketable fruit were sized by machine as: less than 7 x 7 (cull), 7 x 7
(small), 6 x 7 (medium), 6 x 6 (large) and 5 x 6 (extra large) according to
commercial standards. Both culls and marketable fruit w Ure cuISn' oai1 .- A^r
Average fruit weight, percentage of culls and percentage of large and extra large
fruit (6 x 6 and 5 x 6) were calculated in addition to yield for each harvest and
for the entire season.
Weather information for the season is provided in Table 2.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION
Cumulative yields for the spring 1985 season are in Table 3. Three of the
entries are not significantly different from each other with respect to highest
marketable yield for the season, they are IFAS breeding line 7131 (457.6
cartons/1000 LFB), 'All Star' (442.2), and 'Hayslip' (410.6). The three entries
perform differently through the season, however. 'All Star' and 7131 are most
similar in the earliness of yield and concentration of fruit maturity. Both
yielded 75-80% of the total seasonal marketable yield in the first two harvests.
(Table 4). 'Hayslip' is a later cultivar, and 75% of its yield was harvested in
the last two harvests. These three entries did not have the highest average
fruit weight (5.1-5.5 oz), but were among the lowest in cull production with
moderate to high large fruit production. Largest average fruit weight for the
season was produced by 'Duke' (5.8 oz), 7144 (5.7 oz) and 7145 (5.7 oz).
Earliness as judged by the marketable yield at first harvest was similar for
eight of the fourteen entries in the trial (Table 5). All the commercially
available cultivars, except 'lHayslip', and two IFAS breeding lines, 7131 and
7129 were among the eight with highest early yield. Average fruit size ranged
from 7.2 oz for 7145 to 5.5 oz for '724' at the first harvest, the average among
all entries was 6.1 oz. Large fruit production as a percentage of total yield
was highest for 7145 (96.6%), 7131 (94.3%) and 'Duke' (94.3%). Although the
proportion of large fruit produced by 7145 was excellent, overall yield was
lacking early in the season, it is mid to late season in maturity. (Tables 6 and
7).
At the second harvest, seven entries were indistinguishable from each other
in terms of highest yield, Table 6. Five of these were among the top performers
for the first harvest. Notably different from the first pick is the increased
production of fruit by 7145 and 'Hayslip', to place them with the top yielding
entries. The percentage of large fruit produced as a proportion of total yield
dropped for all cultivars by nearly 20% at the second harvest. Average fruit
weight ranged from 5.5 oz (7145) to 4.8 oz (7134).
The two highest yielding entries at the final harvest were 'Hayslip' and 'Sunny'
(Table 7). 'Horizon' and 'Duke' which performed well in terms of yield early in
the season had dropped significantly by June 6 and were two of the highest in
cull production and among the lowest in large fruit yield. 'Hayslip,' 'All
Star,' 7145, and '724' had the lowest cull production at the third pick.
Fruit size ranged from 5.4 oz ('Duke') to 4.4 oz ('FTE 12').
In the spring of 1985, notable yield performance was produced by IFAS line
7131 and 'All Star' among early maturing entries, and 'Hayslip' from among the
later maturing entries. All three had low production of cull fruit and itIodLelLe
to high large fruit yield.
LITERATURE CITED
1. Hyde, A. G. and H. F. Chuckle. 1983. Soil survey of Manatee County,
Florida. USDA. Soil Conservation Service.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors wish to extend thanks to Elsberry Greenhouses, Inc., of Ruskin,
Florida for the donation of transplant media and the use of their soil mixing
equipment.
Table 1. Sources and types of the tomato cultivars and breeding lines used
in the spring, 1985 variety trial.
Cultivar/Breeding Linez Type Source
IFAS-7131 open pollinated GCREC
All Star (PSX 72482) hybrid PetoSeed
Hayslip open pollinated GCREC
IFAS-7129 open pollinated GCREC
IFAS-7145 open pollinated GCREC
FTE 12 hybrid PetoSeed
Sunny hybrid Asgrow
Shamrock #1 hybrid Shamrock
HorizonY open pollinated GCREC
Duke hybrid PetoSeed
IFAS-7130 open pollinated GCREC
724 hybrid Asgrow
IFAS-7134 open pollinated GCREC
IFAS-7144 open pollinated GCREC
z The IFAS 7000 numbers designate breeding lines
Research and Education Center, Bradenton, FL.
developed at Gulf Coast
y Horizon has been submitted for plant variety protection (PVP). Seed will be
available from iarris-Moran Seed Co. and S & M Farm Supply, Inc.
Table 2. Temperature and rainfall at the Gulf Coast Research and Education
.Center during the spring, 1985 tomato season.
Maximum Daily Minimum Daily Rainfall
Month (dates) Temperature (OF) Temperature (OF) (inches)
February (28) 83.0 60.0 0.00
March 81.2 57.1 2.87
April 82.5 59.0 2.82
May 88.8 65.6 1.34
June (1-6) 94.2 70.3 0.00
Table 3. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the entire season. (Harvest
dates: May 20 & 28, June 6, 1985).
Average
Cultivar/ Marketable YieldY,z LargeY,x Fruit
Breeding Total Large Fruit Fruit Cullsw Weight
Line (cartons/1000 lin. ft.) (%) (%) (oz)
IFAS-7131 457.6 av 364.0 a 79.6 ab 14.6 d-f 5.5 bc
All Star 442.2 ab 334.1 ab 75.5 b-e 14.2 d-f 5.5 bc
Hayslip 410.6 a-c 293.8 b-d 71.7 c-e 13.6 f 5.1 de
IFAS-7129 401.9 bc 306.9 bc 76.0 b-d 17.6 bd 5.4 b-d
IFAS-7145 398.6 bc 317.1 a-c 79.5 ab 19.7 bc 5.7 ab
FTE 12 397.0 bc 276.9 c-e 69.7 de 18.3 bc 5.0 e
Sunny 394.2 bc 306.6 bc 77.6 a-c 17.2 c-e 5.4 b-d
Shamrock #1 383.5 cd 297.4 b-d 77.6 a-c 17.1 c-e 5.4 b-d
Horizon 383.4 cd 298.9 b-d 77.8 a-c 16.9 c-f 5.5 bc
Duke 376.3 cd 303.5 bc 80.4 ab 21.3 b 5.8 a
IFAS-7130 370.9 cd 294.3 b-d 79.3 ab 21.0 b 5.4 b-d
724 354.8 cd 263.7 c-e 74.5 b-e 13.9 ef 5.2 c-e
IFAS-7134 333.9 de 229.4 e 68.7 e 21.2 b 5.0 e
IFAS-7144 293.3 e 244.5 de 83.4 a 25.1 a 5.7 ab
z Carton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear feet of bed. Plant spacing 28.5 inches.
Y Large fruit = combination of sizes 6 x 6 and 5 x 6.
x As a percentage of marketable yield.
W As a percentage of total harvest.
v Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
Table 4. Percentage of seasonal marketable yield by harvest, spring 1985.
First Second Third Seasonal Yield
Cultivar/ Harvestz Harvestz Harvestz (cartons/1000
Breeding Line May 20 May 21 May 30 lin. ft.)
--------------(%)--------------
IFAS-7131 35.7 45.1 19.3 457.6 a
All Star 34.4 42.6 23.1 442.2 ab
Hayslip 25.0 41.0 34.0 410.6 a-c
IFAS-7129 40.0 33.2 26.8 401.9 bc
IFAS-7145 28.8 46.9 24.3 398.6 bc
FTE 12 33.0 45.4 21.7 397.0 bc
Sunny 34.5 35.9 29.6 394.2 bc
Shamrock #1 37.2 42.3 20.5 383.5 cd
Horizon 41.4 39.1 19.6 383.4 cd
Duke 44,8 40.3 14.8 376.3 cd
IFAS-7130 32.8 40.0 27.2 370.9 cd
724 35.1 40.1 24.8 354.8 cd
IFAS-7134 34.4 36.6 29.0 333.9 de
IFAS-7144 36,9 36.5 26.6 293.3 a
z Any discrepancies in
to rounding error.
the addition of individual harvests to equal 100% is due
Table 5. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the first harvest, 5/20/85.
Cultivar/
Breeding
Line
Duke
IFAS-7131
IFAS-7129
Horizon
All Star
Shamrock #1
Sunny
FTE 12
724
IFAS-7130
IFAS-7134
IFAS-7145
IFAS-7144
Hayslip
Marketable YieldYZ
Total Large Fruit
(cartons/1000 lin. ft.)
168.7
163.2
160.7
158.6
151.9
142.8
136.0
130.9
124.6
121.7
115.0
114.9
108.2
102.5
av
ab
a-c
a-c
a-d
a-e
a-e
a-e
b-e.
c-e
de
de
e
e
159.3
153.1
148.9
143.5
134.8
131.3
123.5
113.8
111.1
110.7
98.4
111.1
99.5
88.5
a
a
ab
a-c
a-d
a-d
a-e
b-e
c-e
c-e
de
c-e
de
e
Carton = 25 Ibs. Acre = 9680 linear .feet of bed. Plant
Large.fruit = combination of sizes 6 x 6 and 5 x 6.
As a percentage of marketable.yield.
As a percentage of total harvest.
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
spacing 28,5.inches.
Table 6. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the second harvest, 5/28/85.
Average
Cultivar/ IMarketable YieldYz Largeix Fruit
Breeding Total Large Fruit Fruit Cullsw Weight
Line (cartons/1000 lin. ft.) (%) (%) (oz)
IFAS-7131 206.3 av 159.0 a 77.2 ab 12.2 cd 5.3 a
All Star 188.2 ab 135.2 a-c 71.6 b-d 10.6 d 5.3 ab
IFAS-7145 187.1 ab 152.7 ab 81.1 a 17.8 a-c 5.5 a
FTE 12 180.1 ab 119.9 a-d 67.0 cd 14.5 a-d 4.9 bc
Hayslip 168.5 a-c 118.1 a-d 70.4 b-d 10.9 d 5.2 a-c
Shamrock #1 162.2 a-d 118.2 a-d 73.0 a-d 13.3 b-d 5.3 ab
Duke 151.8 a-d 116.3 a-d 76.0 a-c 19.6 ab 5.3 a
Horizon 149.8 b-d 111.4 b-d 72.7 a-d 13.4 b-d 5.2 a-c
IFAS-7130 148.3 b-d 115.0 a-d 76.5 a-c 18.7 ab 5.2 ab
724 142.2 b-d 102.9 cd 70.9 b-d 11.5 d 5.2 a-c
Sunny 141.6 b-d 107.0 b-d 75.2 a-c 13.6 b-d 5.3 a
IFAS-7129 133.6 b-d 95.3 cd 70.8 b-d 17.0 a-d 5.1 a-c
IFAS-7134 122.2 cd 78.4 d 64.0 d 18.6 ab 4.8 c
IFAS-7144 107.2 d 85.4 d 79.4 ab 20.8 a 5.4 a
Carton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear feet of bed. Plant
Large fruit = combination of sizes 6 x 6 and 5 x 6.
As a percentage of marketable yield.
As a percentage of total harvest.
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
spacing 28.5 inches.
'Culls"
Average
Fruit
Weight
....(oz)__
LargeYx
Fruit
94.3 ab
94.3 ab
92.5 bc
90.9 b-e
88.9 c-e
.91.9 b-d
90.6 b-e
87.2 de
89.8 b-e
91.0 b-e
85.9 e
96.6 a
92.2 bc
86.0 e
S19.8
14.5
15.0
15.4
14.3
17.7
13.7
20.5
13.5
22.0
20.6
23.4
29.5
16.2
b-d
cd
b-d
b-d
cd
b-d
cd
b-d
d
a-c
b-d
ab
a
b-d.
6.6
6.4
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.1
5.9
5.5
5.9
5.8
7.2
6.3
5.5
z
y
x
v
, ,
'' ---; ""~ ~~ '' ~"~
Table 7. Yield and fruit size of tomato entries for the third harvest, 6/6/85.
Average
Cultivar/ Marketable YieldYz LargeYx Fruit
Breeding Total Large Fruit Fruit Cullsw Weight
Line (cartons/1000 lin. ft.) (%) (%) (oz)
Hayslip
Sunny
IFAS-7129
All Star
IFAS-7130
IFAS-7134
IFAS-7145
IFAS-7131
724
FTE 12
Shamrock #1
IFAS-7144
Horizon
Duke
139.5 av
116.7 ab
107.6 bc
102.0 b-d
100.9 b-d
96.7 b-d
96.7 b-d
88.2 b-d
88.0 b-d
86.0 b-d
78.6 c-e
78.0 c-e
75.0 de
55.8 e
87.2
76.2
62.7
64.1
68.7
52.5
53.3
51.8
49.7
43.1
47.9
59.6
44.0
28.0
a
ab
b-d
a-d
a-c
b-d
b-d
b-e
c-e
de
c-e
b-d
c-e
e
62.1
64.2
56.7
63.1
68.0
53.4
54.7
57.9
56.3
49.0
61.3
76.2
58.0
52.5
b-d
a-c
b-d
b-d
ab
b-d
b-d
b-d
b-d
d
b-d
a
b-d
cd
15.5
24.9
22.6
19.4
23.4
24.9
19.2
21.0
18.8
22.5
22.9
23.9
25.9
30.7
e
a-c
b-d
c-e
b-d
a-d
c-e
b-d
de
b-d
b-d
b-d
ab
a
4.8
4.9
4.7
4.9
5.0
4.5
4.7
4.6
4.7
4.4
4.6
5.2
4.7
5.4
Carton = 25
Large fruit
lbs. Acre = 9680 linear
= combination of sizes 6
feet of bed. Plant spacing 28.5 inches.
x 6 and 5 x 6.
As a percentage of marketable yield.
As a percentage of total harvest.
Mean separation within columns by DMRT, 5% level.
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