Gulf Coast Research & Education Center
IFAS, University of Florida
5007 60th Street East
Bradenton, Florida 34203
Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA1984-10 August 1984
FRESH MARKET TOMATO VARIETY TRIAL RESULTS FOR SPRING 1984
T. Iowe, J. W. Scott and U. E. Waters1
A replicated trial was conducted at the Gulf Coast Research and
Education Center at Bradenton, Fl in the fall of 1983, to evaluate the
performance of various commercial fresh market tomato cultivars and IFAS
breeding lines. Twelve of the entries in the trial, 'Sunny', Duke', 'FTE
12', 'Hayslip', 'Independence', 'Atlantic City', and six IFAS breeding
lines were also part of the statewide IFAS variety trial, and were
evaluated also at IFAS agricultural research facilities at Homestead,
Immokalee, Quincy, and Ft. Pierce. A cumulative report on the results from
all locations will be published separately.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Hine months prior to bed preparation, the field was broadcast with two
tons of dolomite and 1200 pounds of superphospate (0-20-0 containing 80
pounds/ton micronutrients as 503 oxide) per acre. Raised beds of Eau
Gallie fine sand (1) were not fumigated since the land had lain fallow for
at least 25 years. Fertilizer, 18-0-25-2 at 17.5 lb/100 linear bed feet
(LBF)I was distributed in 2 narrow bands on the bed surface 9 inches to
each side of the plant row. Full bed, surface dressing included 18-0-25-2
at 3.4 lb/100 LBF and high calcium lime at 8.1 lb/100 LBF. The 30-inch wide
beds spaced on 4.5 ft centers with irrigation ditches every 7 rows were
mulched with black plastic.
All entries were sown on Dec. 29, 1983, in wooden flats containing
SAF-T-BLAST (Mineral Aggreates, Inc.), a processed product of spent coal.
Seedlings were transplanted 14 days later into TODM Planter flats
(Speedling, Inc., model Y150, 1.5 x 1.5 x 2.5") containing vermiculite and
Canadian peat (1:1) amended with superphosphate, dolomite, and minor
elements. Transplants were set in the field on February 15, 1984. Re-
setting occurred once on February 22, 1984. Plants were set 30 inches
31iological Scientist III (Variety Trial Program), Assistant Professor
(Vegetable Breeding), and Center Director, respectively, at GCREC-
Bradenton.
apart in single rows in the center of each bed and staked.
apart in single rows in the center of each bed and staked. Four replicates
of 10 plants per entry were arranged in a randomized complete block design.
Integrated pest management (IPI) was used for insect control throughout the
season. Lannate LI was applied 5 times, Trigard@ was applied twice, and
Thiodan, Vydate@, Dipel, and Honitor were each applied once as insect
populations demanded. A regular spray program was followed as prevention
against disease incited by bacteria and fungi. M-45@ was used eleven times
alone, and in combination with copper three times during the season.
Fruits were harvested by hand on iay 14, 21, and 30, 1984. Tomatoes
were graded as cull or marketable, and the marketable fruit was sized by
machine. Both culls and marketable fruit were counted and weighed.
Average fruit weight, percent culls, and percent large fruit (6 x 6 and
larger) were calculated in addition to yields.
RESULTS AUD DISCUSSION
Seasonal rainfall and temperatures are listed in Table 1. Cumulative
yield results for the spring 1984 season appear in Table 2. 'Sunny' and
IFAS line 7025 were the top ranked entries in marketable yield for the
entire season. These yields were significantly higher than all but one
other entry. The yield performance by 'Sunny' was based on its high
percentage of large fruit, while the yield of IFAS 7025 was influenced more
by very low cull production. The greatest fruit sizes were produced by
IFAS lines 7060 and 7065 at 7.0 oz and 6.5 oz, respectively. Although fruit
approaching 7 oz. is impressive in size, the potential of lines 7065 and
7060 was not fully realized in this trial, due to the inexperience of field
pickers who harvested these IFAS lines before the size was optimal.
Communication with the IFAS facility at Ft. Pierce, FL, indicated when
fruit are picked at the breaker stage or beyond, 7065 and 7060 can attain
fruit sizes of 8 to 9 oz. for the season. Although total seasonal yields
for IFAS lines 7060 and 7065 were the lowest, these lines had a very high
percentage of marketable yield as large fruit, 93.6% (7060) and 85.5%
(7065). Additionally, these lines were strong performers at the early
harvest due to the concentrated maturity characteristic of the lines.
Yield and performance data are provided for each harvest in Tables 3,
4 and 5. Earliness (first harvest) data appears in Table 3. The top three
marketable yields came from IFAS lines 7067 and 7065, and 'Duke'. The top
yield of 7067 was only significantly different from half the other entries.
Fruit size ranged from 8.7 oz (7065) to 5.6 oz (FTE 12). Large fruit yield
was greatest for IFAS lines 7065, 7067 and 7060, and for 'Duke', with the
top yield being significantly higher than 8 other entries. The proportion
of total marketable fruit attributable to large fruit production was
significantly greatest for IFAS lines 7060 (99.2%), 7078 (98.8%) and 7065
(98.2%).
By the second harvest (Table 4), the marketable yields were generally
equalized among the entries. Highest yields, by rank, came from IFAS line
7067, 'Duke', and 'FTE 12', but these yields were only statistically
different from 2 other entries. The percentage of culls produced at this
harvest was lower than for the first harvest, as was the average fruit
size. Greatest fruit size was produced again by IFAS lines 7060, 7078, and
7065. These breeding lines also produced the greatest proportion of
narhetable fruit as lar,e fruit. ZiLhest larje fruit yield was produced by
IFAS line 7060 which was only statistically greater than half the entries.
On Lay 30, 1984, the trial was harvested for the final time (Table 5).
Strong performances by IFAS lines 7060, 7065, and 7067, as well as 'Duke'
durin, the first two harvests was not repeated at the third harvest.
'Sunny' had the greatest marketable yield for the entire season (higher
than all but 2 other entries), and was attributable to the highest larbe
fruit yieldY and by having maintained a high proportion of total yield as
large fruit yield at the last harvest. The top three yielding cultivars at
the last harvest correspond to the top three yielding cultivars for the
season.
Data on the percentage of marketable yield per entry by harvest are in
Table 6. It can be seen that the first harvest was too early for nost
entries to yield well. The ;iaj 14th harvest was prinlarily timed well for
IFAS lines 7065, 7060, 7067 and 'Du;e'. By the 21st of ::ay, all entries
yielded approximately one-third to one-half of the total seasonal yield.
Late entries included 'Sunny', IFAS 7025, 'Iayslip', and IFAS 7113. which
all produced nore than 50% of the total seasonal marketable field at the
last harvest.
CITATIOiTS
1. Hyde, A. G. and 1. F. Chuckle. 1983. Soil survey of manatee County,
Florida. USDA. Soil Conservation Service.
Table 1. Temperature and rainfall at Gulf Coast Research and Education
Center during Spring, 1984, tomato season. (February 15-iay 30. 1934)
ia;:imun ininium
Daily Daily Rainfall
ilonth (dates) Tenperature Temperature (inches)
( F) ( 3?)
February (15-29) 77.1 52.4 1.74
'arch 76.3 52.8 3.65
April 00.4 58.1 2.15
iay (1-30) 87.7 64.9 2.38
biblee 2. Yields and performance of tcoato entries for entire season (Carvest dates: !1 14, 21 and 30; 19S4).
iarmtaalle IYuit
Cultivar/ I It table ZYield Culls Avg. large Fruit Yield ,Y large Fruity
Breeding Line Source (cartons/1000 lin. ft.) (/) weiFht (cartons/1000 lin, ft.) (%)
(oz)
SunrV (F1) Asgrw 328.9 a 23.0 d-e 5.2 cd 229.9 a 70.0 c
70t5x (o.p.) GCGRD 319.5 a 15.6 f 4.9 cd 1I&.6 b-e 58.8 d
7095 (o.p.) GCOI 302.7 ab 20.5 d-f 5.0 ed 16.1 b-e 61.3 d
7067 (o.p.) GCRE 273.1 be 26.3 a-d 5,4 c 195.0 b<-c 71.4 c
FI 12 (Fl) Peto 264.9 bc 25.1 b-e 4.9 cd 163.0 c-e 61.9 d
.ayslip (o.p.) GCGC 260.6 od 23.4 c-e 5.2 cd 159.2 de 60.8 d
Independence (Fr Abbott & Cobb 255.1 c-e 31.5 ab 4.9 cd 159.2 de 62.3 d
7116 (o.p.) GG 254.1 -e 23.0 c-e 5.0 cd 151.9 e 59.8 d
Di'e (Fi) Peto 250.0 c-f 31.7 ab 5.3 c 186.5 -e 74.1 c
7078 (o.p.) GCERE 242.8 c-f 19.0 ef 6.4 b 215.4 ab 88. b
Atlantic City (FI) Ferry-'hrse 222.7 d-f 27.3 a-d 5.4 c 165.c o-e 74.6 c
7113 (o.p.) GGmC 219.6 d-f 33.7 a 4.7 d 113.6 f 52.1 e
7065 (o.p.) G=CG 217.9 ef 30.0 a-c 6.5 ab 186.3 b-e 85.5 b
7060 (o.p.) GaGC 212.2 f 21.6 ce 7.0 a 192.6 a-c 93.6 a
2artan = 25 Ibe. fruit. Acre = 9680 linear feet of bed.
YLarge fruit = sizes 6x6 and 5:6.
7OCO-nmmbers designate IFAS breeding lines, Gulf Coast Researxi C: ucation Center: o.p. = ioen pFolished.
4 ean semaration hf IRTf 5f, level.
Table 3. Yield and performance of tomato entries for first harvest (Hay 14, 1984).
Marketable Fruit
Cultivar/ 1iarketablez Yield Culls Av,. '.eight Large Fruit Yieldzs Large FruitY
breeding Line (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) (Z) (oz) (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) (%)
7067x 74. a" 14.2 de 6.4 b-d 62.6 "ab 84.8 de
7065 67.7 ab 25.2 be 8.7 a 66.4 a 98.2 a
Duke 62.0 a-c 26.3 bc 6.4 b-d 57.1 a-d 93.0 bc
7060 53.8 a-d 18.0 c-e 7.6 ab 58.3 a-c 99.2 a
Sunny 51.0 a-e 22.3 b-d 6.3 b-d 44.6 a-f 88.9 b-d
7078 50.3 a-e 13.2 e 7.2 bc 49.7 a-e 98.8 a
Independence 48.9 a-e 30.2 b 5.7 d 40.3 b-g 82.9 de
Atlantic City 45.1 b-e 21.2 b-e 6.8 b-d 41.6 b-9 93.7 b
7095 42.8 b-e 26.7 bc 6.0 ed 37.4 c-L 87.3 cd
7116 42.6 b-e 30.7 b 6.0 cd 35.1 d-c 84.0 de
?FT 12 41.7 b-e 23.2 b-d 5.6 d 31.8 e-s 79.2 de
7025 37.4 c-e 18.5 c-e 5.7 d 31.0 e-g 82.1 de
7113 33.2 de 44.3 a 5.7 d 24.8 fg 75.7 e
IHaslip 24.3 e 26.8 be 6.0 cd 20.7 g 86.1 d
ZCarton = 25 lbs. fruit. Acre = 9680 linear feet of bed.
Large fruit = sizes 6x6 and 5x6.
7000-numbers designate IFAS breeding lines. Gulf Coast Research & Education Center.
KIean separation by DTT. 5% level.
Table 4. Yield and performance of tomato entries for second harvest (iVr 21, 1984).
__arketable Fruit
Cultivar/ ikarketable Yieldz Culls Avg. I7eight Large Fruit Yield"'" Large Fruity
Dreeding Line (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) (%) (oz) (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) (%)
7067 x 121.5 a' 15.6 a-c 5.5 bc 93.2 a-c 76.0 b
Duke 120.5 a 19.1 ab 5.5 bc 95.1 ab 77.1 b
FTE 12 118.7 a 14.9 b-d 5.2 bc 33.8 a-d 70.1 bc
7095 118.7 a 13.3 b-d 5.7 b 82.3 a-d 69.5 bc
7060 113.8 ab 14.2 b-d 7.3 a 103.3 a 95.3 a
7025 108.9 ab 8.6 d 5.3 bc 75.3 b-d 69.7 be
Atlantic City 108.2 ab 19.3 ab 5.5 bc 82.6 a-d 77.2 b
7078 103.1 ab 10.2 cd 6.8 a 100.9 ab 93.2 a
H-ayslip 103.8 ab 10.6 cd 5.2 bc 70.5 b-e 67.9 bc
7116 97.9 a-c 20.0 ab 5.2 bc 60.5 de 62.1 c
Sunny 95.3 a-c 15.4 a-c 5.5 bc 71.3 b-e 75.3 b
Independence 93.2 a-c 22.6 a 5.3 bc 63.1 c-e 67.0 bc
7065 86.0 be 20.3 ab 6.7 a 79.3 a-d 91.3 a
7113 72.3 c 20.2 ab 4.9 c 44.8 e 61.8 c
zCarton = 25 lbs. fruit. Acre = 9680 linear feet of bed.
YLarge fruit = sizes 6x6 and 6x6.
x7000-nunbers designate IFAS breeding lines, Gulf Coast Research c :Tucation Center.
EIean separation by DIRT, 5% level.
Table 5. Yield and performance of tomato entries for third harvest (iay 30, 1984).
marketable Fruit
Cultivar/ I:arketable Yield Culls Av,. :eight Larue Fruit Yield"'I Large Fruity
Dreedin. Line (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) ( (oz) (cartons/1000 lin.ft.) ()
Sunn 1G2.6 aw 27.0 d-f 4.8 be 114.0 a 62.8 b
7025 173.1 ab 19.3 f 4.6 c 82.2 b 47.0 ed
7095 141.3 a-c 24.2 ef 4.4 c 66.0 b-d 46.5 cd
Hajslip 132.5 be 30.5 c-f 5.1 a-c 68.0 bc 50.3 cd
7113 114.2 cd 37.9 a-d 4.4 c 44.0 c-e 38.3 d
7116 113.7 c 23.0 ef 4.5 c 56.3 b-e 49.6 cd
Independence 112.9 cd 37.7 a-d 4.4 c 55.8 b-e 48.9 cd
FTE 12 104.4 c-e 35.3 b-e 4.4 c 47.4 c-e 44.9 cd
7078 84.3 d-e 32.1 b-e 5.8 a 64.8 b-e 76.5 a
7067 76.8 d-f 46.2 ab 4.6 c 39.3 c-e 47.5 cd
Atlantic Citj 69.4 d-f 41.5 a-c 4.7 be 41.7 c-e 56.6 bc
7065 64.9 ef 43.2 a-c 5.1 a-c 41.0 c-e 62.6 b
Duke 64.1 ef 50.0 a 4.4 c 32.7 de 49.9 cd
7060 39.6 f 41.6 a-c 5.5 ab 32.0 e 80.6 a
ZCarton = 25 lbs. fruit. Acre = 9630 linear feet of bed.
YLarge fruit = sizes 6x6 and 5x6.
X7000-numbers designate IFAS breeding lines, Gulf Coast Research & TEucation Center.
' .an separation ib D rT, 5d level.
Table 6. Percentage of seasonal marketable yield by harvest, spring 1984.
First Second Third Seasonal
harvest harvest harvestz marketable yield
Entry ilay 14 Hay 21 Hay 30 (cartons/1000 lin. ft.)
Sunny 15.5 29.0 55.5 328.9
7025 11.7 34.1 54.2 319.5
7095 14.1 39.2 46.7 302.7
7067 27.4 44.5 20.1 273.1
FTE 12 15.7 44.8 39.4 264.9
Hayslip 9.3 39.3 50.8 260.6
Independence 19.2 36.5 44.3 255.1
7116 16.8 38.5 44.7 254.1
Duke 24.8 48.2 25.6 250.0
7078 20.7 44.5 34.7 242.8
Atlantic City 20.3 48.6 31.2 222.7
7113 15.1 32.9 52.0 219.6
7065 31.1 39.5 29.8 217.9
7060 27.7 53.6 10.7 212.2
ZAny discrepancies in the addition of individual harvests to equal 100% is
due to rounding error.
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