Group Title: Bell pepper variety trial.
Title: Bell pepper variety trial. Fall 1989.
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 Material Information
Title: Bell pepper variety trial. Fall 1989.
Series Title: Bell pepper variety trial.
Alternate Title: Research report - Gulf Coast Research and Education Center ; BRA1990-6
Physical Description: Serial
Language: English
Creator: Howe, T. K.
Waters, W. E.
Publisher: University of Florida
Publication Date: Fall 1989
 Record Information
Bibliographic ID: UF00054199
Volume ID: VID00008
Source Institution: University of Florida
Rights Management: All rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier: oclc - 62705619

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S

GULF COAST RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER
IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
5007 60TH STREET EAST
BRADENTON, FL 34203

Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA1990-6. January 1990

Bell Pepper Variety Trial-Ser-Fall 1989
Central Science
T. K. Howe Wa. E. Waters

JUL 20 1990f
Bell pepper production et new records in production and yield per acre
during the 1987-88 season (1)Ug;.Avgy fiedarose to 649 bushels per acre
and production to 13.2 million bushels fromjL2U,400 harvested acres (1).
Although the vast majority of pepper production occurs in the southwest
and southeast areas of the State, west central Florida accounts for 16%
of the State's harvested acreage (1).

A replicated variety trial was conducted on sweet bell pepper at the Gulf
Coast Research and Education Center, Bradenton, FL in the fall of 1989.
Materials and Methods

Beds 32 inches wide and 9 inches high on 5 ft centers were formed in
August, 1989. Two bands of 18-0-25 (N-P205-K20) were placed in shallow
grooves on the bed surface 12 inches to each side of bed center at 180
lb/1000 linear feet of bed (LFB) or 1568 Ib/A (one acre = 8712 LFB). The
land was treated the previous May with 1000 Ib/A superphosphate (0-20-0
with 80 Ib/ton minor elements as F503 oxide), 2 tons/A dolomite and 1
ton/A high calcium lime. Beds were fumigated with methylbromide:
chloropicrin (67:33) at 350 Ib/A and covered with white polyethylene.
Land was irrigated by seepage from ditches spaced every six beds (approx.
41 ft apart).

Seed of all pepper entries were sown on July 13, 1989 into plastic trays
containing coarse vermiculite. Of the seventeen cultivars and breeding
lines examined in this yield trial, several had bacterial spot resistance.
Germination was carried out at 70-750 F with a 12 hour day/night cycle.
Seedlings were transplanted to planter flats (1.5 x 1.5 x 2.5 inch cell
size) containing peat and vermiculite (1:1, v:v) amended with dolomite
(11.3 lb), superphosphate (5.6 lb) and hydrated lime (2.8 lb), each per
1 cu. yd. media.
Transplants were set into the field on August 28, 1989 in two rows (12
inches between plants within the row) per bed, each row 5 inches to each
side of bed center. There were four replications of 16 plants per plot


'Biological Administrator I and Center Director, respectively.








arranged in a randomized complete block design. Plants were staked and
tied in late October due to lodging.

Insect populations were monitored throughout the season. The predominant
pest was beet armyworm (Spodoptera exiqua) which caused substantial bud
abortion and fruit damage throughout the season. The following pesticides
were utilized to control populations of pepper weevil (Anthonomus euqenii
Cano), sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Genn.)) or armyworms:
Bacillus thuringiensis, methomyl, esfenvalerate, permethrin, and oxamyl.
A regular spray program utilizing maneb with copper was followed for
control of fungal and bacterial pathogens. Foliar diseases were not a
problem.

Fruit were picked on November 2, 13, 22 and December 7, 1989 as green
(immature) fruit. Fruit were graded as cull or marketable based on
external quality. Marketable fruit were firm, free from damage or
disease, and well shaped. Total fruit harvested and cull fruit were
counted and weighed. A sample of eight marketable fruit per plot were
selected at random from early harvests. These fruit were measured for
length, diameter, wall thickness and number of lobes. Yields were
computed on a weight basis and were expressed as 28 lb cartons.

Results and Discussion

General weather information is presented in Table 1. Daily minimum
(overnight lows) temperatures were 1-2 degrees higher than the 33-year
average for the entire season (6). August, September and November had
daily maximum temperatures 3-4 degrees higher than normal (6). These warm
temperatures coupled with beet armyworm feeding caused bud and fruit
abortion resulting in low yields.

Seasonal total yields of marketable and unmarketable fruit from four
harvests ranged from 24.7 cartons/1000 linear feet of bed (LFB) for 'PSX
72286' to 119.6 cartons/1000 LFB for 'Ssupersweet 860' (Table 2). Most
unmarketable fruit were damaged from beet armyworm feeding. 'XPH 5693',
'Orobelle', 'HMX 5661' and 'PSR 10088' were not significantly different
than 'Ssupersweet 860' in total yield. The average number of harvested
fruit per plant ranged from 1.2 for 'PSX 72286' to 6.2 for 'Ssupersweet
860'. All of the highest yielding entries averaged at least 4.8
harvestable fruit per plant. Marketable yields were generally one half
to two thirds total yield. Plant stand was significantly less than 100%
for only 'PR-300-2'. Average seasonal fruit weight ranged from 4.2 oz for
'HMX 6664' to 5.3 oz for 'Bell Captain'. Eight other entries were similar
to 'Bell Captain' in fruit weight.

Fruit length was greatest for 'Bell Captain' and 'Sunex 4507', 4.1 and
3.8 inches, respectively (Table 3). No entry was shorter than 3.0 inches.
Fruit width ranged form 2.8 inches for 'Bell Captain' and 'Ranger' to 3.3
inches for 'PSR 10088'. Length to width ratios ranged from 1.0 for
'Ssupersweet 860' and 'Orobelle' to 1.4 for 'Bell Captain'. Wall
thickness ranged from 5.0 mm for 'Ranger' to 6.0 mm for 'Early Calwonder',
'PR 894' and 'Belmont'. Only 'Ranger' had fruit walls significantly less
thick than 6.0 mm. Number of fruit lobes ranged from 3.3 for 'Belmont'
to 4.1 for 'HMX 6664'. Fourteen entries averaged 3.5 lobes or more.









Earliness as judged by yield at the first harvest (Nov. 2) was similar
for twelve of the entries compared to the highest yielding cultivar
('Ssupersweet 860') in trial (Table 4). Total yield ranged from 0.3 to
16.4 cartons/1000 LFB. Lowest yields came from 'PSX 72286', 'PR-300-2',
'Early Calwonder' and 'Jupiter'. The average fruit weight at the first
harvest ranged from 4.1 to 7.3 oz. Twelve entries were not significantly
different than 7.3 oz and were at least 5.4 oz. At the second harvest,
Nov 13, total yields ranged form 2.0 to 24.1 cartons/1000 LFB for 'PSX
72286' and 'Ssupersweet 860', respectively (Table 4). Seven other entries
were similar to 'Ssupersweet 860' in yield. Average fruit weight was
below 6.0 oz for all entries.

Total yield ranged from 4.7 to 29.2 cartons/1000 LFB for the third harvest
(Nov. 22). Ten entries performed similarly to 'Ssupersweet 860' with
respect to high yield.

Total yield at the fourth harvest (Dec 7) was the greatest of the season,
ranging from 16.7 cartons/1000 LFB for 'Bell Captain' to 54.5 cartons/1000
LFB for 'PSR 10088'. Cull production was still very high (40-80%), but
there were greater numbers of fruit and average fruit weight was generally
greater than at the third harvest.
Summary: Best performance based on total yields in the fall of 1989 came
from 'Ssupersweet 860', 'PSR 10088', 'HMX 5661', Orobelle' and 'XPH
5693'. Thirteen of the seventeen entries provided similar early yields.

These results were not similar to those found at a variety demonstration
at Whitworth Farms in Boynton Beach, FL (5). The yields were much higher
at that location and cultivar performance was different than in Bradenton.
However, 'Ssupersweet 860' and 'Orobelle' have been top yielding
cultivars in spring trials at this location for several years (2-4).
Note: The information contained in this report is a summary of
experimental results and should not be used as recommendations for crop
production. Where trade names are used, no discrimination is intended and
no endorsement is implied.

References

1. Anonymous. 1989. Vegetable summary 1987-88. Florida Agricultural
Statistics Service, Orlando, FL.

2. Howe, T. K. and W. E. Waters. 1989. Bell pepper variety trial for
spring 1989. Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA1989-23.

3. Ibid. 1988. Bell pepper variety trial for spring 1988: Immature
(green) and matured (colored) harvest. Bradenton GCREC Res. Rept.
BRA1988-21.

4. Ibid. 1988. Bell pepper variety trial for immature (green) and mature
(colored) harvest, spring 1987. Bradenton GCREC Res. Rept. BRA1988-5.









5. Shuler, K. 1990. Personal communication of fall 1989 trial results
conducted in Boynton Beach, FL.


6. Stanley, C. D. 1988. Temperature and rainfall
Bradenton GCREC Res. Rept. BRA1988-11.









Table 1. Temperature and rainfall at the GCREC during
and the 33-year averages (5).


report for 1987.


the fall of 19892


Average Daily Temperature (F)
Month 1989 33-yr avq Rainfall (inches)
Max Min Max Min 1989 33-yr avg

Aug 94 73 91 72 7.99 9.90
Sep 92 73 89 71 13.40 8.22
Oct 85 66 85 64 1.26 2.83
Nov 82 59 78 57 0.59 2.00
Dec 71 46 73 52 4.47 2.37

zTrial transplanted August 28, 1989, last harvest December 7, 1989.





Table 2. Total yield, marketable yield, cull production, plant yield, average fruit weight and plant stand for the entire season, fall 1989.
(Four harvests).



Total
Average"
Total' Marketable" Cull Total Fruit Plant
Yield Yield Production Harvested" Weight Stand
Entry -Source' (cartons/1000 LFB) (cartons/1000 LFB) (%) Fruit/Plant (%) (%)

Ssupersweet 860 AC 119.6 a' 68.3 a 43.8 bc 6.2 a 4.6 b-f 92 ab
PSR 10088 PS 110.2 ab 56.5 a-c 50.9 bc 5.1 ab 5.2 ab 94 ab
HMX 5661 HM 93.0 a-c 60.4 ab 39.6 bc 4.9 ab 4.4 d-f 95 ab
Orobelle NK 91.0 a-c 50.9 a-d 44.7 bc 4.9 ab 4.4 c-f 92 ab
XPH 5693 AS 88.1 a-c 56.1 a-c 37.7 c 4.8 ab 4.3 d-f 95 ab
PR 893 PR 86.3 bc 53.8 a-c 38.9 bc 3.8 b-d 5.2 ab 98 a
PR 895 PR 84.8 b-d 48.0 a-e 45.4 bc 4.8 ab 4.7 b-f 84 b
Belmont AS 80.6 b-e 42.1 a-e 46.0 bc 4.0 bc 4.7 a-f 97 ab
HMX 6664 HM 72.4 c-f 40.4 a-f 45.2 bc 4.0 bc 4.2 f 97 ab
PR-300-2 PR 67.9 c-g 41.9 a-e 42.9 bc 4.0 bc 4.4 c-f 83 b
Ranger AS 66.2 c-g 32.3 b-g 51.4 bc 3.5 b-e 4.3 ef 97 a
PR 894 PR 62.1 c-g 33.2 b-g 49.9 bc 3.0 c-f 4.9 a-d 95 ab
Sunex 4507 SU 51.8 d-h 21.9 d-g 58.8 bc 2.5 c-g 4.9 a-d 94 ab
Bell Captain PS 51.0 e-h 27.1 c-g 49.8 bc 2.4 d-g 5.3 a 94 ab
Early Calwonder AS 45.4 f-h 18.9 e-g 60.5 b 2.1 e-g 5.1 ab 97 a
Jupiter NK 37.6 gh 8.4 g 78.1 a 1.8 fg 4.8 a-e 97 ab
PSX 72286 PS 24.7 h 10.5 fg 59.9 bc 1.2 g 5.0 a-c 89 ab


'AC Abbott & Cobb; As Asgrow; HM Harris Moran; NK Northrup King; PR = Pepper Research; PS =
'Includes unmarketable (cull) fruit. Carton 28 lb. Acre = 8712 linear feet of bed (LFB). Plant
plant rows, 2 rows per bed.
"Carton 28 Ib. Acre 8712 linear feet of bed (LFB).
"Averaged for all fruit harvested, includes unmarketable.
'Mean separation by Duncan's multiple range test, 5% level.


Petoseed; SU = Sunseeds.
spacing 12 inches with 10 inches between








Table 3. Fruit dimensions for pepper entries evaluated, fall 1989.

Entry Lengthz Widthz Ratio Wallz No.z
(inches) (inches) (L/W) Thickness Lobes
(mm)


Ssupersweet 860 3.3 d-fy 3.2 ab 1.0 ef 5.7 ab 3.7 bc
PSR 10088 3.5 b-e 3.3 a 1.1 ef 5.7 ab 3.7 bc
HMX 5661 3.3 d-f 2.9 cd 1.1 de 5.7 ab 3.8 ab
Orobelle 3.0 f 3.1 a-c 1.0 f 5.8 a 3.6 b-d
XPH 5693 3.5 b-e 2.9 cd 1.2 b-d 5.5 ab 3.5 b-e
PR 893 3.7 bc 3.1 a-c 1.2 cd 5.6 ab 3.7 bc
PR 895 3.2 ef 3.1 a-d 1.1 ef 5.9 a 3.6 b-e
Belmont 3.6 b-d 3.0 b-d 1.2 b-d 6.0 a 3.3 e
HMX 6664 3.3 c-f 2.9 cd 1.1 c-e 5.4 ab 4.1 a
PR-300-2 3.3 d-f 2.9 cd 1.1 c-e 5.5 ab 3.5 b-e
Ranger 3.7 bc 2.8 d 1.3 b 5.0 b 3.6 b-e
PR 894 3.6 b-e 3.1 a-c 1.1 c-e 6.0 a 3.6 b-e
Sunex 4507 3.8 ab 3.0 b-d 1.3 bc 5.3 ab 3.5 b-e
Bell Captain 4.1 a 2.8 d 1.4 a 5.9 a 3.4 c-e
Early Calwonder 3.5 b-e 2.9 cd 1.2 b-d 6.0 a 3.8 ab
Jupiter 3.4 c-e 2.9 cd 1.2 c-e 5.7 ab 3.3 de
PSX 72286 3.4 c-e 2.9 cd 1.2 b-d 5.6 ab 3.6 b-e


ZMeasurements taken
YMean separation by


from eight fruit.
Duncan's multiple range


test, 5% level.






Table 4. Total and marketable yield and average fruit weight by harvest.


Harvest #1. Nov 2 Harvest #2, Nov 13 Harvest #3. Nov 22 Harvest #4. Dec 7
Average Average Average Average
Totalz Marketabley Weight' Total' Marketabley Weight Totalz Marketabley Weight Total' Marketabley Weight'
Entry (cartons/1000 LFB) (oz) (cartons/1000 LFB) (oz) (cartons/1000 LFB) (oz) (cartons/1000 LFB) ( oz )

Ssupersweet 860 16.4 aw 12.1 ab 5.5 a-d 24.1 a 14.2 a 4.7 b-d 29.2 a 16.6 ab 3.9 d 49.9 ab 25.4 a 4.7 a-c
PSR 10088 15.0 ab 8.3 a-c 6.5 a-c 17.5 a-c 8.5 a-d 4.7 b-d 19.2 a-c 11.3 ab 4.7 a-d 54.5 a 28.4 a 5.4 a
HMX 5661 14.3 a-c 12.2 a 5.5 a-d 12.2 b-d 8.6 a-d 4.7 b-d 26.7 ab 18.5 a 4.0 cd 39.7 a-d 21.1 ab 4.4 bc
Orobelle 11.5 a-d 8.6 a-c 4.7 cd 17.3 a-c 10.7 ab 4.4 cd 19.5 a-c 7.8 ab 4.2 b-d 42.6 a-c 23.8 ab 4.6 a-c
XPH 5693 10.2 a-d 6.8 a-c 6.0 a-d 10.2 b-d 7.4 a-e 5.1 a-c 19.4 a-c 13.8 ab 4.6 a-d 48.3 ab 28.1 a 4.2 c
PR 893 8.8 a-d 6.9 a-c 7.3 a 16.1 a-c 9.5 a-c 5.2 a-c 22.1 a-c 14.3 ab 4.8 a-d 39.3 a-d 23.1 ab 5.4 a
PR 895 12.1 a-d 8.9 a-c 5.4 a-d 19.8 ab 9.4 a-c 4.8 a-c 13.6 a-c 7.5 ab 3.9 d 39.4 a-d 22.2 ab 4.9 a-c
Belmont 15.7 ab 11.6 ab 5.8 a-d 10.7 b-d 3.8 b-e 4.5 cd 21.2 a-c 8.9 ab 4.2 b-d 32.9 b-e 17.7 a-c 4.7 a-c
HMX 6664 7.7 a-d 4.4 a-c 5.0 b-d 17.2 a-c 11.4 ab 4.4 cd 11.6 a-c 6.9 ab 3.5 d 35.9 b-e 17.7 a-c 4.2 c
PR-300-2 2.1 cd 1.5 a-c 6.4 a-c 8.5 b-d 5.1 b-e 5.0 a-c 15.3 a-c 10.9 ab 4.2 b-d 42.0 a-c 24.3 a 4.6 a-c
Ranger 13.5 a-c 9.9 a-c 4.1 d 7.7 cd 4.8 b-e 3.9 d 9.4 bc 2.2 b 4.2 b-d 35.6 b-e 15.3 a-c 4.3 bc
PR 894 13.8 a-c 11.7 ab 5.7 a-d 13.8 a-c 8.6 a-d 5.1 a-c 10.5 a-c 4.4 ab 4.4 a-d 23.9 c-e 8.5 bc 4.7 a-c
Sunex 4507 4.8 a-d 2.8 a-c 5.3 a-d 7.6 cd 1.8 c-e 5.2 a-c 7.1 bc 3.7 b 5.6 a 32.3 b-e 13.6 a-c 4.7 a-c
Bell Captain 12.1 a-d 10.6 a-c 7.0 ab 13.4 a-d 6.3 a-e 5.7 a 8.8 bc 4.9 ab 4.7 a-d 16.7 e 5.4 c 4.8 a-c
Early Calwonder 4.0 b-d 4.0 a-c 5.7 a-d 10.7 b-d 3.8 b-e 5.3 a-c 6.6 c 2.5 b 4.4 a-d 24.1 c-e 8.6 bc 5.0 a-c
Jupiter 3.6 b-d 1.2 bc 7.1 ab 6.0 cd 0.9 de 5.6 ab 9.0 bc 2.2 b 5.5 ab 19.0 de 4.0 c 4.4 bc
PSX 72286 0.3 d 0.0 c 4.8 cd 2.0 d 0.0 e 4.8 a-c 4.7 c 2.1 b 5.4 a-c 17.6 e 8.4 bc 5.1 ab

'Includes unmarketable (cull) fruit. Carton 28 lb. Acre 8712 linear feet of bed (LFB). Plant spacing 12 inches with 10 inches between plant
rows, 2 rows per bed.
"Carton 28 lb. Acre = 8712 linear feet of bed (LFB).
xAveraged for all fruit harvested, includes unmarketable.
"Mean separation by Duncan's multiple range test, 5% level.




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