GULF COAST RESEARCH & EDUCATION CENTER
IFAS, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
5007 60th Street East----. .--
Bradenton, FL 34203 (;i'r) 'ico
> -* i.. i ^ i^ -
Bradenton GCREC Research Report BRA1988-5
-': (r ,,rCApril 1988
BELL PEPPER VARIETY TRIAL FOR IM ATUREi('GREEN) '
AND MATURE (COLORED) HARVEST,'SPRING 1987- -
T. K. Howe and .U E. 1aters1
A replicated variety trial was conducted on sweet bell pepper at the Gulf
Coast Research and Education Center, Bradenton, FL in the spring of 1987.
Unlike trials from previous spring seasons (1-5) which dealt with immature
(green) fruit harvest only, this trial was designed as a factorial
experiment in order to assess yield potential of pepper cultivars/breeding
lines at the immature (green or purple) fruit and mature (red or yellow)
fruit stages. Twenty-five entries were included in this effort.
In conjunction with the replicated trial, an observational area of single
plots was utilized to screen additional cultivars and breeding lines at
immature harvest.
Materials and Methods
Beds were formed in February, 1987. Incorporated fertilizer, which
covered the full width of the bed, included 18-0-25-2 (N, P205, K20, ig0)
at 26.1b/1000 linear feet of bed (LFB) and superphosphate, 0-20-0, plus
minor elements at 75 lb/1000 LFB. A single band of 13-0-25-2 was placed
in a shallow groove down the center of each bed at the rate of 262 lb/1000
FB. The beds were fumigated with methylbromide:chloropicrin (67:33) at 36
lb/1000 LFB and covered with black polyethylene plastic. The beds were on
4.5 ft centers and irrigated by seepage from ditches spaced every 7 beds.
Seed of all pepper entries (Tables 1 and 9) were sown on Jan. 8, 1987 into
small plastic trays containing coarse vermiculite. Seedlings were
transplanted 18 days later into Todd' Planter Flats (model #150,
Speedling, Inc.) containing peat and vermiculite (1:1, v:v) amended with
dolomite (16.9 lb), superphosphate (5.6 lb) and Micromax minor element
mix (1.1 lb), each per 1 cu. yd. of media.
Beds, row middles and ditch banks were treated with diazinon bait on Feb.
27 and row middles only with paraquat on Feb. 24. Transplants were set
into the field on iar. 2, 1987 in two rows per bed spaced 12 inches apart
(6 inches to each side of the fertilizer band) with an in-row plant
spacing of 8 inches. Plants were watered at transplanting with Nutrileaf
(20-20-20) at 5 lb/100 gal water. Limited resetting occurred on FMar. 5, 9
IBiological Administrator
respectively.
(Variety Trials) and
Center Director,
F) I-o ry
f
and 11, 1987 to establish optimal plant stands. There were four
replications of 20 plants per plot for each entry and harvest treatment
arranged in a randomized complete block design. The observational area
consisted of single plots of 20 plants each.
Integrated pest management was used for insect population control
throughout the season. Predominant pests during the season were pepper
weevil, armyworms, aphids and thrips. Appropriately timed applications of
Vydate, Ambush, Lannate and Dipel were utilized for these pests. A
regular spray program utilizing maneb-copper sprays was followed as
prevention against fungal and bacterial pathogens. Foliar diseases were
not a problem during the spring. Paraquat was applied to the row middles
for weed control twice post transplant.
Fruit were picked on iay 14 and 21 and June 1 and 11 for plots designated
for immature fruit harvest. Fruit were picked on Hiay 29, June 4, 11 and
18 for plots designated for mature fruit harvest. Pepper fruit were
graded as cull or marketable based on external quality. Total fruit
harvested and cull fruit were counted and weighed. A sample of 8
marketable fruit per plot were selected at random at the first harvest
(sometimes at the second harvest if 8 fruit were not available at first
harvest). These fruit were measured for length, diameter and number of
lobes. Yields were computed on a weight basis and were expressed as 25 lb
cartons.
General weather information is in Table 2. The weather in the spring of
1987 was atypical in two respects. Temperatures remained cool through the
month of April and were about 5OF below normal. Also, in larch the
rainfall was 8.16 inches above average with most of the excess (7.64
inches) falling between Mar. 24 and Mar. 31.
Results and Discussion
Combined Analysis of Immature and Mature Harvests. Several performance
parameters were analyzed to compare the seasonal immature fruit harvest
with the mature fruit harvest (Table 3). The marketable yield, averaged
for all 25 entries in the trial, was more than double for immature fruit
harvest (143.7 cartons/1000 LFB) than that for mature fruit harvest (62.2
cartons/1000 LFB). This is due to the great number of cull fruit picked
during mature fruit harvests. Observations, although not quantified,
indicated many of the fruit culled at mature fruit harvest had been
damaged in some way (insects, birds, sunscald) which was followed by soft
rot.
Average fruit weight of marketable fruit was greater for mature fruit (6.2
oz) than for immature fruit (5.1 oz), and so the computed average number
of fruit per carton (using fruit weight) was less for mature fruit (Table
3). Fruit size was different between the two harvest maturities with
slightly longer immature fruit and slightly broader mature fruit (Table
3).
Comparisons among the pepper cultivars and breeding lines averaged over
both mature and immature fruit harvests appears in Table 4. The
marketable yield ranged from 65.9 cartons/1000 LFi for 'Early Calwonder'
to 154.5 cartons/1000 LFB for 'Whopper Improved'. Four other varieties
were not significantly different than 'Whopper Improved', including
'Mello' (144.2 cartons/1000 LFB), 'Lady Bell' (135.2), 'Crispy' (133.5)
and 'Better Belle' (118.6). These entries all averaged greater than 3
marketable fruit per plant. Average cull production for both mature and
immature harvest ranged from 24.9% for 'Hhopper Improved' to 50.8% for
'Olympic'. Eighteen other entries were similar in cull production to
'Whopper Improved'.
Average fruit weight ranged from 4,4 oz for 'Gold Crest' to 6.7 oz for
'Whopper Improved'. Twelve other entries were similar to 'Whopper
Improved' in fruit weight. Blockiest fruit, where fruit length divided by
fruit diameter is approximately equal to 1.0, were produced by 'Belmont',
'Bruinsma Wonder', 'Early Calwonder', 'Gold Crest', 'Jupiter', 'Wello',
'Olympic', 'Orobelle', 'Purple Belle', 'Summer Sweet 820', 'Summer Sweet
860', 'Violetta', XPH 5489, 'Yolo Wonder L'.
The only significant interactions between cultivar and type of harvest
(immature vs. mature fruit) were for the parameters of fruit diameter and
the number of lobes.
Summary for Immature Harvest. Seasonal yields and fruit characteristics
of pepper harvested at the immature stage appears in Table 5. Marketable
yields among the 25 entries ranged from 92.3 cartons/1000 LFB for 'Early
Calwonder' to 209.7 cartons/1000 LFB for 'iello'. Eleven other cultivars
were not significantly different than 'Hello' with respect to yield. The
number of marketable fruit per plant ranged from 2.3 for 'Bruinsna Wonder'
to 5.5 for 'Mello'. Once again, eleven other entries were similar to
'Mello' in fruit production. Average fruit weight was greater than 5.0 oz
for 15 entries. None were 6 oz or higher.
Cull production for immature fruit harvest ranged from 8.0Z for 'Golden
Summer' to 38.4% for 'Violetta'. Three entries produced less than 10% of
fruit as culls, 19 entries produced between 10 and 20% culls and three
entries produced greater than 20% culls.
The number of fruit per carton was based on fruit weight, not dimensions,
and ranged from 95.1 for 'Gold Crest' to 68.4 for 'Whopper Improved'.
Blockiest fruit were produced by 'Belmont', 'Bruinsma Wonder', 'Early
Calwonder', 'Gold Crest', 'Jupiter', 'Mello', 'Olympic', 'Orobelle',
'Purple Belle', 'Summer Sweet 820', 'Summer Sweet 860', 'Violetta', 'Yolo
Wonder L'.
Earliness of harvest, as defined by the percentage of the total seasonal
marketable yield for each pick, is contained in Table 6. Seven entries
had greater than 50% of their yield harvested on the first date. Thirteen
entries produced between 40 and 50% of their total seasonal yield at the
first date. The remaining four entries produced less than 40% of their
yield on Hay 14. All entries produced greater than 60% of their yield in
the first two pickings.
Table 6 also contains the marketable yield for each.entry by harvest date.
Earliest cultivars based on the greatest yield at the first pick were:
'Whopper Improved', 'Mello', 'Belmont', 'Miarengo', 'Orobelle' and 'Summer
Sweet 820'. The last four mentioned were only significantly different
than 5 other entries.
Other observations for the immature harvests include the following:
'Purple Belle' is extremely streaky when turning from green to purple.
The fruit never becomes a solid purple color. Conversely, 'Violetta'
which is a European greenhouse pepper turns dark purple extremely well.
However, 'Violetta' produced many culls as a result of misshapen fruit and
sunscald. While the yield is lower for 'Violetta', the superior color of
this cultivar should be considered by the specialty grower.
Summary for Mature Harvest. Marketable yields for mature fruit harvests
were much lower than for immature fruit harvests. Nature fruit yields for
the season ranged from 27.0 cartons/1000 LFB for 'Olympic' to 119.8
cartons/1000 LFB for 'Whopper Improved'. Only 'Lady Bell' and 'Crispy'
were similar in yield to 'Whopper Improved'. Few marketable fruit were
produced per plant, which ranged from 0.6 for 'Olympic' to 2.5 for 'Lady
Bell'. The low yields are reflected in high cull production figures which
are triple that of the immature harvest. Cull percentages ranged from
41.0% for 'Whopper Improved' to 73.0% for 'Olympic'.
Average fruit weight ranged from 4.6 oz for 'Gold Crest' to 7.8 oz for
'Whopper Improved'. Six extries produced fruit greater than 7.0 oz.
Fruit blockiness was best for: 'Belmont', 'Bruinsma Wonder', 'Early
Calwonder', 'Jupiter', 'Hello', 'Memphis', 'Olympic', 'Orobelle', 'Purple
Belle', 'Summer Sweet 820', 'Summer Sweet 860', 'Violetta', XPH 5489, and
'Yolo Wonder L'.
There were four harvest dates for picking mature fruit (Table 8). The
first date, Hay 29, had low yields compared to subsequent harvests. This
is due to the fact that although enough color was present in the field to
warrant harvest, most of the fruit was not of marketable quality. Ilany
fruit were ripe only due to damage which had induced ripening. The first
pick was an effective roguing of many cull fruit from the field. June 4
and 11 are better estimates of the beginning of the harvesting for fruit
of any value.
Maturity was earliest, based on percentage of yield, for 'Marengo',
'Yellona', 'Olympic', 'Golden Summer' and 'Summer Sweet 860' which all
produced more than 30% of their total harvest on June 4. Mature fruit
yields for each harvest are also in Table 8. Earliness as estimated by
yield was best for 'Golden Summer', 'Mello', and 'Harengo' with more than
20 cartons/1000 LFB, however other entries were not significantly
different from these in terms of June 4 yield.
Color observations among the cultivars were subjective evaluations.
Notable among the cultivars was 'Purple Belle' which continued to show
streakiness in fruit color from the purple through the red stage. 'Gold
Crest' fruit which were a fairly dark green, turned an orangish yellow at
maturity. 'Marengo' fruit also were noted as being an orange-yellow color
when ripe.
Observational Entries. Twenty-five entries were included in single plot
evaluation. Fruit were harvested at the immature stage only. Yields and
fruit characteristics were computed based on stands of 20 plants. Table 9
contains the seasonal data of the observational trial. Using 145
cartons/1000 LFB as consistent with minimum high yield (drawn from Table
4), sixteen entries produced yields which achieved this minimum. 'Palma',
'Doria', and HNX 5661 produced more than 6 marketable fruit per plant.
Average fruit weight met or exceeded 5 oz for 12 entries. Fruit
dimensions were also noted as for the replicated trial. Blockiest fruit
were produced by: BUX 571, 'Doria', 'Espadon', HiIX 5661, I1X 6663, 'Novi',
NS 47, NS 63, P1001, PSR 1483, PSR 12085, PSR 17885 and PSR 20785. Many
entries were long and tapering.
Summary. Promising new cultivars for commercial use in Florida include
'Mellor and 'Belmont'. Cultivars evaluated previously which performed
well included: 'Whopper Improved', 'Lady Bell', 'Crispy', 'larengo', and
'Better Belle'. The best color in a purple variety was produced by
'Violetta', but yields were low. The best yielding yellow variety was
'Hello'. 'Early Calwonder', an industry standard for many years, was low
yielding compared with many of the newer cultivars.
Note: The information contained in this report is a summary of
experimental results, and should not be used as recommendations
for crop production. Where trade names are used, no
discrimination is intended and no endorsement is implied.
Literature Cited
1. Ibid. 1984. Bell pepper variety trial, spring 1983. Bradenton AREC
Res. Rept. BRA1984-2.
2. Ibid. 1984. Bell pepper variety trial, spring 1984. Bradenton
GCREC Res. Rept. BRA1984-13.
3. Ibid. 1984. Bell pepper cultivar trials: spring 1983 and 1984.
Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 97:145-148.
4. Ibid. 1985. Bell pepper variety trial spring 1985. Bradenton
GCREC Res. Rept. BRA1985-23.
5. Howe, T. K. and J. E. Waters. 1986. Bell pepper variety trial-
spring 1986. Bradenton GCREC Res. Rept. BRA1986-19.
Table 1. Pepper cultivars and breeding lines, type, and seed sources
evaluated in the spring of 1987. (alphabetical listing)
ColorY
Entry Typez Immature/Mature Sourcex
Bell Captain F1 G/R Petoseed
Belmont F1 G/R Asgrow
Better Belle F1 G/R Ball
Bruinsma Wonder G/R Bruinsma
Crispy F1 G/R Burpee
Early Calwonder o.p. G/R Asgrow
Gator Belle Fl G/R Petoseed
Gold Crest F1 G/Y Johnny's
Golden Summer F1 Lt G/Y Park.
Green Boy F1 G/R Agway
Jupiter o.p. G/R Northrup King
Lady Bell F1 G/R Harris iloran
Marengo F1 G/Y Asgrow
Mello F1 G/Y Neuman
Memphis F1 G/R Northrup King
Olympic F1 G/Y Asgrow
Orobelle F1 G/Y iorthrup King
Purple Belle F1 G/P/G/R Northrup King
Summer Sweet 820 F1 G/Y Abbott & Cobb
Summer Sweet 860 F1 G/Y Abbott & Cobb
Violetta o.p. G/P/G/R DeRuiter
Whopper Improved F1 G/R Park
XPH 5489 F1 G/R Asgrow
Yellona o.p. Lt G/Y DeRuiter
Yolo Wonder L o.p. G/R Petoseed
light green.
ZF1 = hybrid, o.p. = open pollinated, -- = unknown.
YG = green, P = purple, R = red, Y = yellow, Lt G =
XSeed source is not necessarily the developer.
Table 2. Temperature and rainfall at the GCREC during the spring 1987 and
the 32-year averages.
Average Daily Temperature (OF) Rainfall (in.)
Months 1987 32-year average 1987 32-year average
Max. Min. [ax. Mi n.
Harch (2-31) 77 57 77 55 11.31 3.15
April 77 54 82 60 0.23 1.63
May 88 65 87 64 2.87 3.15
June (1-18) 91 71 91 70 0.59 7.73
ZAverage temperatures and the total rainfalls for past 32 years are for
entire months.
Table 3. Differences in pepper performance parameters averaged over the
twenty-five cultivars for immature (green or purple) and mature
(red or yellow) harvests.
Type of Harvest
Immature fruit nature fruit
Parameter (Green or Purple) (Red or Yellow)
Marketable Yieldz (cartons/1000 LFB) 143.7 ax 62.2 b
Plant Yield (frt/plant) 3.8 a 1.4 b
CullsY (%) 16.4 b 55.0 a
Average Fruit Weight (oz) 5.1 b 6.2 a
No. Fruit Per CartonY 79.3 a 66.9 a
Fruit Size
Length (in.) 3.7 a 3.6 b
Diameter (in.)w 3.2 b 3.3 a
No. Lobes Per Fruit" 3.3 a 3.3 a
ZCarton = 25 Ibs. LFB = linear ft. of bed. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
YOn weight basis.
XMiean separation by Duncan's Multiple Range.Test, 5% level.
"Interaction significant between cultivar x type of harvest for this
parameter.
Table 4. Pepper performance during the spring 1987 growing season where immature (green or purple) and
mature (red or yellow) harvest data were combined.
Marketable Marketable Average No.
Yield Fruit Fruit Fruit Hlarketable Fruit
(Cartons/ Per Weight CullsY Per Length Diameter" No.w
Entry 1000 LFB)z Plant (oz) (%) CartonY (in) (in) Lobes
Whopper Improved
Ilello
Lady Bell
Crispy
Better Belle
Belmont
Green Boy
Hlarengo
Orobelle
Bell Captain
Gold Crest
Summer Sweet 860
Golden Summer
Jupiter
Yolo Wonder L
Gator Belle
Summer Sweet 820
ilemphi s
Yellona
XPH 5489
Purple Belle
Olympic
Violetta
Bruinsma Wonder
Early Calwonder
154.5
144.2
135.2
133.5
118.6
116.5
112.6
110.6
109.7
107.5
105.1
104.2
104.1
102.8
101.6
99.8
99.4
98.2
86.7
83.3
83.0
72.1
71.3
69.8
65.9
3.2
3.5
3.3
3.5
3.1
2.7
3.0
2.6
2.6
2.5
3.3
2.4
2.9
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.4
2.2
2.2
1.9
1.8
1.6
1.6
ab
a
ab
a
a-c
a-d
a-c
a-e
a-e
b-g
ab
b-g
a-c
c-g
a-f
a-f
b-g
c-g
b-g
c-g
c-g
d-g
e-g
fg
g
6.7
6.2
5.4
5.4
5.2
5.9
5.1
6.1
6.0
6.4
4.4
5.9
4.9
6.3
5.8
5.2
6.1
6.2
5.1
5.1
5.2
5.4
5.6
6.0
6.0
a
a-d
c-g
c-g
d-h
a-g
e-h
a-e
a-f
ab
h
a-f
gh
a-c
a-g
d-h
a-e
a-d
f-h
e-h
d-h
c-g
b-g
a-f
a-f
24.9
32.4
29.7
28.5
31.3
35.3
32.2
40.5
37.8
29.4
36.5
39.0
27.0
30.7
32.5
34.7
43.2
32.8
36.3
34.5
39.8
50.8
49.6
33.1
43.2
f
c-f
d-f
ef
d-f
c-f
c-f
a-e
a-f
d-f
b-f
a-f
f
d-f
c-f
c-f
a-d
c-f
c-f
c-f
a-e
a
ab
c-f
a-c
61.1
67.0
76.0
75.8
77.9
72.5
80.6
66.9
68.4
64.8
91.6
68.6
82.4
65.5
71.9
79.5
67.4
67.3
80.2
79.5
77.2
77.8
73.0
67.2
68.6
g
d-g
b-f
b-f
b-e
b-g
bc
d-g
c-g
fg
a
c-g
ab
e-g
b-g
b-d
d-g
d-g
bc
b-d
b-f
b-e
b-g
d-g
c-g
4.0
3,4
3.9
3.9
3.7
3.6
3.9
4.2
3.4
i.1
3.2
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.5
3.9
3.4
3.8
3.7
3.5
3.5
Z.4
2.5
3.5
3.5
a-c
jk
b-d
b-e
d-i
e-j
c-f
a
jk
ab
k
c-i
c-h
g-j
f-j
a-d
jk
c-g
d-i
h-j
g-j
j k
h-j
ij
g-j
3.2
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.4
3.1
3.2
3.5
3.2
2.8
3.4
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.1
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.4
fg
ab
hi
i
hi
c-e
g-i
fg
a-c
fg
j
b-e
g-i
c-e
d-f
gh
a-c
d-f
hi
gh
ef
d-f
d-f
a
a-d
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.3
3.5
3.1
3.4
3,3
3.5
3.2
3.6
3.5
a-f
b-g
g
fg
e-g
b-g
e-g
b-g
b-f
e-g
c-g
b-g
fg
a-e
b-g
d-g
b-g
a-c
e-g
a-d
b-g
ab
d-g
a
ab
ZCarton = 25 Ibs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
YOn weight basis.
x ean separation by Duncan's iMultiple Range Test, 57 level.
"Interaction significant between cultivar x type of harvest for this parameter.,
Table 5. Seasonal
purple).
yields and fruit characteristics of pepper harvested at the immature stage (green or
Harvested May 14, 21, June 1 and 11, 1987.
Marketable Marketable Average No.
Yield Fruit Fruit Fruit HMarketable Fruit
(Cartons/ Per Weight CullsY Per Length Diameter No.
Entry 1000 LFB)Z Plant (oz) (%) CartonY (in) (in) Lobes
iello 209.7 ax 5.5 a 5.2 a-e 13.1 b-d 78.1 b-g 3.4 gh 3.4 a-e 3.3 a-d
Whopper Improved 180.4 ab 4.1 a-d 5.9 a 12.8 b-d 68.4 g 3.9 a-d 3.2 f-i 3.5 ab
Crispy 178.0 a-c 5.0 ab 4.8 c-f 9.2 cd 83.5 b-e 4.0 a-c 3.0 i 3.0 de
Narengo 177.7 a-c 4.4 a-d 5.5 a-c 15.3 b-d 73.3 d-g 4.1 ab 3.2 f-i 3.3 a-d
Lady Bell 171.0 a-c 4.1 a-d 5.5 a-c 15.2 b-d 75.5 c-g 4.2 a 3.0 hi 2.9 e
Belmont 164.8 a-c 4.0 a-f 5.6 ab 15.5 b-d 71.3 fg 3.6 d-g 3.3 c-g 3.3 a-d
Summer Sweet 820 161.1 a-c 4.0 a-e 5.3 a-e 18.7 b-d 75.6 c-g 3.5 fg 3.4 a-d 3.3 a-d
Better Belle 159.3 a-d 4.3 a-d 5.0 b-e 9.8 cd 80.6 b-f 3.8 b-e 3.0 i 3.2 a-e
Orobelle 159.0 a-d 4.0 a-e 5.3 a-e 13.8 b-d 76.0 c-g 3.4 gh 3.5 ab 3.4 a-c
Summer Sweet 860 154.3 a-e 3.8 b-g 5.4 a-d 14.6 b-d 73.9 d-g 3.3 c-e 3.4 a-e 3.3 a-d
Gold Crest 152.2 a-e 4.8 a-c 4.2 f 16.5 b-d 95.1 a 3.2 h 2.8 j 3.3 a-d
Yolo Wonder L 146.1 a-e 4.0 a-e 4.9 b-f 14.8 b-d 81.6 b-f 3.6 e-g 3.2 e-i 3.4 a-c
Green Boy 142.2 b-e 4.0 a-e 4.7 d-f 17.4 b-d 85.6 a-c 4.0 a-c 3.1 g-i 3.2 b-e
Bell Captain 140.4 b-e 3.5 b-g 5.3 a-e 14.2 b-d 76.5 b-g 4.0 a-c 3.1 g-i 3.1 c-e
Gator Belle 137.4 b-e 3.6 b-g 5.1 b-e 13.0 b-d 79.9 b-f 4.1 a-c 3.1 g-i 3.2 a-e
Jupiter 135.9 b-e 3.3 c-g 5.5 a-d 15.0 b-d 73.7 d-g 3.6 d-g 3.4 a-c 3.2 a-e
Memphis 133.2 b-e 3.3 c-g 5.3 a-e 15.2 b-d 75.2 c-g 3.3 b-e 3.2 f-i 3.5 a-c
Golden Summer 131.8 b-e 3.7 b-g 4.8 c-f 8.0 d 83.7 b-e 3.8 b-e 3.0 hi 3.1 c-e
Yellona 124.8 b-e 3.6 b-g 4.6 ef 19.3 b-d 87.9 ab 3.3 c-e 3.1 hi 3.2 b-e
Purple Belle 124.8 b-e 3.5 b-g 4.8 c-f 19.6 b-d 84.0 b-e 3.6 d-g 3.2 d-h 3.3 a-d
Olympic 117.1 b-e 3.1 d-g 4.8 c-f 28.6 ab 84.1 b-e 3.4 f-h 3.3 c-f 3.6 a
XPH 5489 112.2 c-e 3.1 d-g 4.8 c-f 15.0 b-d 84.7 b-d 3.7 d-f 3.2 f-i 3.5 a-c
Bruinsma Wonder 94.2 de 2.3 g 5.5 a-c 14.7 b-d 73.0 e-g 3.6 e-g 3.5 a 3.4 a-c
Violetta 92.9 e 2.5 e-g 4.8 c-f 38.4 a 83.6 b-e 3.5 fg 3.3 b-f 3.3 a-d
Early Calwonder 92.3 e 2.4 fg 5.2 a-e 21.7 ab 77.6 b-g 3.5 fg 3.4 a-e 3.5 a-c
zCarton = 25 Ibs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
YOn weight basis.
xiVean separation by Duncan's iMultiple Range Test, 5% level.
Table 6. Percentage marketable yield and marketable yields by harvest date for immature stage of harvest.
Harvest date Narketable Yieldx
.ay May June June Hay May June June
Cultivar 14 21 1 11 14 21 1 11
% Yield ---------------- cartons/1000 LFB-------
iiello 50.5 28.1 8.2 13.2 105.9 aY 59.0 a-c 17.2 ab 27.6 a-c
Whopper Improved 59.4 14.6 7.4 18.5 107.2 a 26.4 de 13.3 ab 33.4 ab
Crispy 42.0 35.4 13.3 9.3 74.9 b-e 63.0 ab 23.7 ab 16.5 a-c
ilarengo 49.4 20.0 10.6 19.9 87.8 a-c 35.6 b-e 18.9 ab 35.5 a
Lady Bell 41.5 43.5 9.0 6.0 71.0 b-f 74.3 a 15.4 ab 10.3 c
Belmont 56.9 17.8 18.6 6.6 93.8 ab 29.4 c-e 30.7 a 10.9 c
Summer Sweet 820 43.8 25.7 8.6 16.8 78.6 a-d 41.4 b-e 13.9 ab 27.1 a-c
Better Belle 36.9 40.2 12.1 10.8 58.8 c-g 64.1 ab 19.2 ab 17.2 a-c
Orobelle 53.8 20.1 5.8 20.3 85.5 a-c 32.0 b-e 9.3 ab 32.2 ab
Summer Sweet 860 47.6 24.4 11.1 16,9 73.4 b-f 37.7 b-e 17.2 ab 26.1 a-c
Gold Crest 44.9 32.5 15.8 6.9 68.3 b-f 49.4 a-e 24.1 ab 10.5 c
Yolo Wonder L 40.2 22.8 18.3 18.7 58.7 c-g 33.3 b-e 26.8 ab 27.3 a-c
Green Boy 47.0 29.9 12.0 11.2 66.8 b-f 42.5 b-e 17.1 ab 15.9 a-c
Bell Captain 48.3 26.9 8.0 16.9 67.8 b-f 37.7 b-e 11.3 ab 23.7 a-c
Gator Belle 37.3 40.4 12.9 9.5 51.2 d-h 55.5 a-d 17.7 ab 13.0 bc
Jupiter 45.5 26.7 11.1 16.6 61.8 c-g 35.3 b-e 15.1 ab 22.6 a-c
lemphis 51.8 24.8 9.3 14,0 69.0 b-f 33.0 b-e 12.4 ab 18.7 a-c
Golden Summer 53.9 27.0 9.4 9.6 71.1 b-f 35.6 b-e 12.4 ab 12.7 bc
Yellona 28.5 39.7 14.3 17.5 35.6 gh 49.5 a-e 17.8 ab 21.9 a-c
Purple Belle 42.5 30.4 10.8 16.3 53.0 d-h 38.0 b-e 13.5 ab 20.4 a-c
Olympic 40.1 33.6 11.5 14.9 47.0 e-h 39.3 b-e 13.5 ab 17.4 a-c
XPH 5489 37.9 32.4 23.1 6.7 42.5 f-h 36.3 b-e 25.9 ab 7.5 c
Bruinsma Wonder 27.5 26.3 22.1 24.2 25.8 h 24.8 de 20.8 ab 22.8 a-c
Violetta 48.8 24.8 6.7 19.8 45.3 e-h 23.0 e 6.2 b 18.4 a-c
Early Calwonder 58.7 19.8 10.4 11.1 54.2 d-h 18.3 e 9.6 ab 10.2 c
XCarton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft. of bed.
Yilean separation within columns by Duncan's Multiple Range Test, 5% level.
Table 7. Seasonal yields and
Harvested on Hay 29,
fruit characteristics of pepper harvested at the mature stage (red or yellow).
June 4, 11 and 18, 1987.
marketable Marketable Average Mo.
Yield Fruit Fruit Fruit iMarketable Fruit
(Cartons/ Per Weight CullsY Per Length Diameter No.
Entry 1000 LFB)z Plant (oz) (%) CartonY (in) (in) Lobes
Whopper Improved 119.8 ax 2.1 ab 7.8 a 41.0 d 51.5 e 4.1 ab 3.3 c-f 3.2 cd
Lady Bell 99.5 ab 2.5 a 5.3 b-d 44.2 cd 76.6 a-c 3.6 b-d 3.0 hi 3.3 b-d
Crispy 39.0 a-c 2.0 a-c 6.0 a-d 47.7 cd 68.1 a-e 3.3 a-c 2.9 i 3.2 b-d
Green Boy 83.0 b-d 2.0 a-c 5.6 b-d 47.1 cd 75.5 a-d 3.8 a-c 3.1 f-i 3.2 cd
IWlello 78.8 b-e 1.5 b-f 7.2 ab 51.7 a-d 55.8 c-e 3.4 cd 3.7 a 3.4 b-d
Better Belle 77.9 b-e 2.0 a-c 5.4 b-d 52.7 a-d 75.3 a-d 3.6 b-d 3.1 g-i 3.0 d
Bell Captain 74.7 b-f 1.4 b-g 7.6 a 44.5 cd 53.0 de 4.2 a 3.3 c-f 3.1 cd
Jupiter 69.8 b-f 1.3 c-g 7.1 ab 46.4 cd 57.4 b-e 3.5 cd 3.3 c-f 3.6 ab
Belmont 68.3 b-f 1.5 b-f 6.1 a-d 55.1 a-d 73.7 a-e 3.6 b-d 3.5 a-d 3.3 b-d
Golden Summer 67.0 b-f 1.8 a-d 5.0 cd 52.3 a-d 80.6 ab 3.7 b-d 3.2 e-h 3.1 cd
lemphis 63.2 b-g 1.2 d-g 7.0 ab 50.5 a-d 59.4 b-e 3.8 a-c 3.5 a-c 3.5 bc
Gator Belle 62.1 b-g 1.5 b-f 5.3 b-d 56.4 a-d 79.2 a-c 3., a-c 3.1 f-i 3.1 cd
Orobelle 60.5 b-g 1.2 d-g 6.8 a-c 61.8 a-d 60.8 b-e 3.4 cd 3.4 b-d 3.3 b-d
Gold Crest 58.1 c-g 1.7 b-e 4.6 d 56.4 a-d 88.0 a 3.2 d 2.7 j 3.1 cd
Yolo Wonder L 57.2 c-g 1.1 d-g 6.7 a-c 50.2 b-d 62.2 b-e 3.6 b-d 3.4 b-d 3.3 b-d
XPH 5489 54.5 c-g 1.4 b-g 5.5 b-d 54.1 a-d 74.2 a-e 3.3 cd 3.0 hi 3.4 b-d
Summer Sweet 860 54.2 c-g 1.1 d-g 6.4 a-d 63.3 a-d 63.4 b-e 3.7 b-d 3.4 b-d 3.2 cd
Violetta 49.7 c-g 1.0 e-g 6.4 a-d 60.8 a-d 62.3 b-e 1.5 cd 3.3 c-f 3.0 d
Yellona 48.6 d-g 1.2 d-g 5.6 b-d 53.3 a-d 72.5 a-e 3.6 b-d 2.9 i 3.0 d
Bruinsma Wonder 45.3 d-g 1.0 e-g 6.5 a-c 51.4 a-d 61.5 b-e 3.3 cd 3.6 ab 3.9 a
ilarengo 43.5 d-g 0.9 fg 6.7 a-c 65.7 a-c 60.5 b-e 4.2 a 3.3 d-g 3.3 b-d
Purple Belle 41.3 e-g 1.0 e-g 5.7 b-d 59.9 a-d 70.5 a-e 3.4 cd 3.3 c-e 3.4 b-d
Early Calwonder 39.5 e-g 0.8 fg 7.1 ab 64.7 ab 56.6 c-e 3.6 b-d 3.5 a-c 3.5 bc
Summer Sweet 820 37.7 fg 0.7 fg 6.8 a-c 67.7 a-c 59.3 b-e 3.4 cd 3.6 ab 3.3 b-d
Olympic 27.0 g 0.6 g 6.0 a-d 73.0 a 71.6 a-e 3.5 cd 3.3 c-e 3.3 b-d
zCarton = 25 lbs. Acre = 9680 linear ft of bed.
YOn weight basis.
xiean separation by Duncan's multiple Range Test, 5% level.
Table 8. Percentage marketable yield and marketable yields by harvest date for mature stage of harvest.
Harvest date Warketable Yieldx
fiay June June June May June June June
Cultivar 29 4 11 18 29 4 11 18
-------- % Yield --------- ---------- cartons/1000 LFB-------
Whopper Improved 2.1 8.2 80.1 9.5 2.4 d-fY 9.3 a-d 91.6 a 10.8 bc
Lady Bell 22.0 17.2 51.3 9.5 21.9 a 17.1 a-d 51.0 b-d 9.5 bc
Crispy 12.9 9.4 72.4 5.3 11.5 b 8.4 a-d 64.4 b 4.7 bc
Green Boy 9.8 19.3 57.0 13.7 8.1 b-d 15.0 a-d 47.4 b-d 11.4 bc
Hello 4.6 29.7 56.3 9.4 3.6 c-f 23.4 ab 44.4 b-e 7.4 bc
Better Belle 4.2 5.4 70.5 19.8 3.3 c-f 4.2 cd 54.9 bc 15.4 a-c
Bell Captain 1.9 8.0 53.8 36.3 1.4 ef 6.0 cd 40.2 b-e 27.1 a
Jupiter 2.4 8.5 69.9 19.3 1.7 d-f 5.9 cd 48.8 b-d 13.5 a-c
Belmont 9.1 10.8 64.9 15.4 6.2 b-f 7.4 b-d 44.3 b-e 10.5 bc
Golden Summer 4.6 30.1 52.5 12.8 3.8 c-f 25.0 a 43.6 b-e 10.6 bc
Nemphis 1.3 14.7 55.5 28.5 0.8 f 9.3 a-d 35.1 b-f 18.0 ab
Gator Belle 4.8 11.1 70.0 14.0 3.0 c-f 6.9 b-d 43.5 b-e 8.7 bc
Orobelle 2.0 29.4 65.8 2.8 1.2 ef 17,8 a-d 39.8 b-e 1.7 c
Gold Crest 13.3 28.9 53.5 4.5 7.7 b-e 16.8 a-d 31.1 c-f 2.6 c
Yolo Wonder L 1.4 12.4 81.1 5.2 0.8 f 7.1 b-d 46.4 b-e 3.0 bc
XPH 5489 5.9 2.6 80.2 11.6 3.2 c-f 1.4 d 43.7 b-e 6.3 bc
Summer Sweet 860 7.2 33.2 54.1 5.5 3.9 c-f 18.0 a-d 29.3 c-f 3.0 bc
Violetta 8.3 26.6 57.1 0.3 4.1 c-f 13.2 a-d 28.4 c-f 4.1 bc
Yellona 10.9 40.9 42.0 6.2 5.3 b-f 19.9 a-c 20.4 d-f 3.0 bc
Bruinsma Wonder 1.8 8.0 77.9 12.6 0.8 f 3.6 cd 35.3 b-f 5.7 bc
iiarengo 12.4 47.6 30.8 9.4 5.4 b-f 20.7 a-c 13.4 ef 4.1 bc
Purple Belle 1.5 14.3 63.9 20.3 0.6 f 5.9 cd 26.4 c-f 8.4 bc
Early Calwonder 5.8 12.8 60.4 21.2 2.3 d-f 5.1 cd 23.9 c-f 8.4 bc
Summer Sweet 820 7.7 9.5 72.4 10.3 2.9 d-f 3.6 cd 27.3 c-f 3.9 bc
Olympic 35.6 36.3 24.4 4.1 9.6 bc 9.8 a-d 6.6 f 1.1 c
'Carton = 25 Ibs. Acre = 9680 linear ft. of bed.
YHean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple Range Test, 5% level.
Table 9. Seasonal yield and fruit characteristics of pepper cultivars and breeding lines harvested as
immature fruit. Evaluated as unreplicated 20 plant plots.
Seasonal Avg. No.Y Marketable Fruitx
Seed Cultivar/ Flkt. Yield iikt. Fruit/ Fruit Culls Fruit/ Length Diam. No.
Source Breeding line (cartons/1000 LFB) Plant Ut (oz) (%) Carton (in) (in) Lobes
Doria
Lito (pale yellow)
Novi
Palma (pale yellow)
BUX 571
HWX 5661
HMX 6663
HMX 6664
HMX 6665
47 (purple)
51
57
63
Espadon
P1001
Blockbuster
1-BPTc-28
5-BPTc-1 (pale yellow)
273.0
97.8
212.4
191.4
7.4
3.0
5.4
7.5
1.9
6.8
4.0
5.2
4.6
3.2
4.1
1.6
4.5
2.7
4.0
56.4
Bruinsma
Burpee
Harris iloran
4.9
4.3
5.2
3.4
4.1
5.2
5.5
4.4
4.3
3.8
4.9
4.7
4.6
3.8
6.7
5.8
8.1
10.1
81.3
92.0
76.3
117.6
3.8
3.9
3.3
4.8
3.8
2.4
3.0
2.2
57.3 98.4 3.1 3.1
8.5
3.2
8.9
14.9
22.8
17.0
9.9
9.3
77.3
72.9
91.2
93.9
80.4
76.7
77.5
73.2
3.4
3.7
3.5
4.2
3.3
3.9
3.7
3.1
3.0
3.7
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.1
3.0
14.2 104.3 3.1 2.9
28.4 81.6 3.4 3.4
10.0
23.3
22.7
84.5
87.7
105.9
3.7 2.8
4.1 2.9
3.6 2.5
3.4
3.6
3.6
2.1
3.1
3.0
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.1
3.1
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.6
3.0
3.0
2.3
264.0
162.6
171.0
147.0
117.6
158.4
60.0
182.4
76.2
145.2
172.2
126.6
102.0
Neuman
Northrup King
Pan American
Table 9 (continued).
Seasonal Avg. No.Y Marketable Fruitx
Seed Cultivar/ Nkt. Yield Mkt. Fruit/ Fruit Culls Fruit/ Length Diam. No.
Source Breeding line (cartons/1000 LFB) Plant Wt (oz) %) Carton (in) (in) Lobes
Petoseed PSR 1483 153.0 4.1 5.0 13.0 79.4 3.4 3.2 3.5
PSR 12085 136.2 3.6 5.0 74.0 79.3 3.6 3.3 3.4
PSR 14584 166.2 4.0 5.5 23.9 72.2 3.8 3.0 2.9
PSR 17885 187.8 4.5 5.6 10.6 71.9 3.6 3.3 3.8
PSR 20685 174.6 5.0 4.7 15.2 85.9 3.8 3.2 3.3
PSR 20785 87.0 2.2 5.3 25.6 75.9 3.7 3.3 3.3
PSR 28284 (pale yellow) 146.8 4.2 4.7 13.0 84.7 4.1 2.6 3.1
zCarton = 25
YOn a weight
xAverages of
Ibs. of fruit. Acre = 9680 linear ft. of bed. Average of 20 plants.
basis.
10 fruit selected at random from first harvest.
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