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Checklist of the vascular flora of Florida, part 1

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Title:
Checklist of the vascular flora of Florida, part 1
Series Title:
Bulletin - University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station ; 726
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Ward, Daniel B.
Place of Publication:
Gainesville, Fla.
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Agricultural Experiment Stations, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida,
Publication Date:
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English

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City of Gainesville ( flego )
City of Palmetto ( flego )
Ferns ( jstor )
Plant names ( jstor )
Flora ( jstor )

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BULLETIN 726 (TECHNICAL)
JULY, 1968












CHECKLIST OF THE

VASCULAR FLORA OF FLORIDA


HUME LIBRARY


SEP '2 1968


I.F.A.S. Univ. of Florida


DANIEL B. WARD


;RICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS
STITUTE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES


'ERSITY OF FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE
J. W. SITES, DEAN FOR RESEARCH


PART I













CONTENTS


Page


Introduction ....- 3


Origin and Number of Species ... ....- 3


Scientific Names ..-- ----- .. 4


Synonyms .... 5


Common Names 7


Supplemental Literature 8


Acknowledgments 9


Checklist -- -- 10


Index ... 63






CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF FLORIDA

PART I.

Psilopsida, Lycopsida, Sphenopsida, Filicinae,
Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae.
Daniel B. Ward I

INTRODUCTION
This Checklist records the names of those species of vascu-
lar plants found native or naturalized in the state of Florida.
Part I, published here, includes the ferns and other non-seed-
bearing plants, the cone-bearing species, and that portion of
the flowering plants known as the monocotyledons; Parts II
and III will contain the larger portion of the flowering plants,
the dicotyledons. The non-vascular plants, those species with-
out specialized conducting tissues, will not be included.
The information given in this Checklist is restricted to the
minimum necessary to encompass the nomenclaturally correct
names of the included species, with sufficient synonymy to as-
sociate these names with those used by the most comprehen-
sive author on the southeastern flora, J. K. Small. Common
names are also provided, where such names are available and
when they are believed to be in current use. No infraspecific
taxa subspecies, varieties, or forms are recorded in this
list, although in many cases the existence of such lesser cate-
gories is apparent in both the field and the herbarium.

Origin and Number of Species
The flora of Florida is formed of several components, re-
flecting the area of origin of the individual s p ecie s. The
largest component, perhaps as much as half of the entire flora,
is of North American derivation and contains the species
familiar on the Coastal Plain of the southeastern United States
that reach their southernmost limit in Florida. A large group
of species in the state is clearly of tropical origin, with rep-
resentatives occurring in the eastern United States only in
southern Florida; among these species lie many of the more
difficult taxonomic problems. Approximately 10%o of the species
in Florida are endemics, that is, species restricted in their range

1 Associate Professor and Associate Botanist, Department of Botany,
Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Florida, Gainesville.






to the state; probably no other state east of the Mississippi
has more than 1 or 2% endemism. And finally, many species
may be explained as chance or intentional introductions associ-
ated with the activities of man.
A considerable number of species customarily reported to
range into Florida have been excluded from this Checklist. For
many of these no supporting specimen could be located, for
others the only record is an early collection with imprecise
(often only "Florida") and possibly erroneous data. As a gen-
eral rule, if a name is included in this list, a specimen of that
species from the state has either been seen by the writer or is
cited by a monographer of the appropriate genus. Other pub-
lished statements have been used solely as aids to further
search. In case of doubt, the consistent practice has been to
exclude a species that might possibly be in Florida, rather than
to include one that possibly is not.
This Checklist records 1183 species in 318 genera. Insofar
as this listing can serve as an indication, the entire vascular
flora of the state of Florida exceeds in number that of any other
state in the eastern United States and is perhaps surpassed in
this country only by the floras of California and Texas. On a
comparative basis (i. e., dicots excluded), using as examples
some states of roughly equal area in which the flora is well
known, Indiana contains 705 species, Missouri has 715 species,
and the diversified topography of North and South Carolina
supports 1033 species.
South of Florida, floras are consistently larger in tropical
areas of equivalent size. The conifers and monocots of Cuba
total 1303 species. (Data on number of ferns and "fern allies"
are unavailable; a comparative figure for Florida, excluding
these groups, is 1058.) A compilation for Costa Rica, reflecting
a wealth of orchids and other tropical forms, gives 1955 species
of conifers and monocots.
Scientific Names
Each species recognized in this Checklist is denoted by a
scientific name. When given in full, a scientific name consists
of three parts a genus, a species, and an author. Such names
are intended, by international agreement, to serve as a univer-
sally recognizable indicator of the species to which they are
applied, thus permitting precise understanding of the plant
under discussion regardless of language or nationality.
The genus and the species of a plant are either in Latin or
are treated as Latin. The author is an indication, usually ab-






breviated, of the person who first described the plant. Often
there is also the name of the person who first placed the plant
in its present genus, or at its present taxonomic level. The first
plant in the present list, for example, the whisk-fern, was first
described by Linnaeus in 1753 as Lycopodium nudum and was
transferred to its correct placement in the genus Psilotum by
Palisot de Beauvois in 1805; the full name of the plant becomes
therefore Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv.
All scientific names used in this Checklist have been pub-
lished previously. The names are believed legitimate, in the
narrow sense of the International Code, although it has not been
possible to confirm this in all cases. Where the application of a
given name differs from that of recent authors, the writer is
reasonably confident that his usage is the correct one.
The plants of this Checklist are grouped not only into genera
but into higher categories indicating their common relation-
ships. The most important of these is the rank of family, a
category containing one or more genera of presumed close
evolutionary origin. All family names (with the exceptions in
Part I of the Gramineae and Palmae) may be recognized by
the ending -aceae.
Above the level of family are recognized, where appropriate,
the ascending levels of subclass, class, subdivision, and division.
These categories are in conformity with a widely used, although
far from universally accepted, schema of classification pro-
pounded by Tippo,2 as a synthesis of several earlier arrange-
ments.

Synonyms
The works of John Kunkel Small have remained, since his
death in 1938, the most important single source of information
on the taxonomy of the plants of the Southeast. Neither this
Checklist nor any other study of the flora of Florida can be
complete without consideration of Small's numerous botanical
papers and comprehensive books. In the present list, whenever
the name used by Small in two of his more important works
(Manual of the Southeastern Flora, 1933; Ferns of the South-
eastern States, 1938) differs from the name here considered
correct, Small's name is listed in Roman type below the accepted
name.
The works of J. K. Small are characterized not only by a

2 Tippo, 0. 1942. A modern classification of the plant kingdom. Chron.
Bot. 7: 203-206.






high degree of overall competence and keen insight into the
relationship and diagnostic characteristics of plant groups, but
by what appears to be a disconcerting originality in the use
of scientific names. All too often the name used by Small is not
the same as the one employed for the same plant by other
respected authors. Commonly the specific epithet is different,
frequently a familiar specific name appears following an un-
familiar generic name, and perhaps most disturbingly, in a
sprinkling of cases, a well-known name, consistently used by
other authors for a particular plant, is employed by Small for
an entirely different species.
These apparent nomenclatural peccadilloes of Small's, al-
though a serious impediment to the user of his works, are not
the consequence of mere whim, but stem in large part from two
of his policies, firmly held and consistently applied. The first of
these was his belief that if a taxonomic group is sufficiently dis-
tinct to be worth recognizing, it should merit specific rank;
only with great rarity did he recognize varieties or other in-
fraspecific levels. Similarly, if a group of species shows even a
small number of common characteristics, the group should merit
separate generic rank. This policy yielded many segregate
species and genera which are not recognized at those particular
taxonomic levels by most modern authors. In this Checklist one
need look for examples no further than the genus Selaginella, by
most authors treated as one genus, but by Small considered to
be divisible into true Selaginella and a segregate, Diplostach-
yum; similarly, Small recognized Selaginella arenicola and S.
acanthonota as two distinct species, while recent authors have
treated them as subspecies or varieties of a single species.
A second policy of Small's which has unfailingly caused
difficulty was his devotion to a set of rules of nomenclature, the
American Code, promulgated by his employer, Nathaniel Lord
Britton of the New York Botanical Garden. The American
Code, never fully accepted in the land of its origin, was rejected
by the botanists of Europe, and became of only historical in-
terest after the near-universal approval in 1930 of the present
International Code. Yet Small, beyond this date, consistently
used a set of rules governing the naming of plants that differed
in several significant points from the rules of the International
Code. Most striking, in terms of the number of name changes
caused by this unyielding conformity to the American Code,
are the generic names which differ in Small's works and those
of all modern authors as a result of the preservation in the






International Code, as what are termed nomina conservanda, of
generic names commonly used but later in date of publication
than other, relatively unfamiliar names. Thus, the water-hya-
cinth is correctly known in the genus Eichhornia, a name not
published until 1842, rather than in the genus Piaropus, which
dates from 1837. Similarly, the zephyr-lilies belong in the genus
Zephyranthes, an 1821 name, rather than in Atamosco, pub-
lished in 1763.
Common Names
Very often the precision of understanding that is the central
purpose of the use of scientific names is met, at least on a local
basis, equally well by a well-selected and narrowly applied com-
mon name. Many plants have such common names, and when-
ever they are known to the writer, these names have been in-
cluded in the present Checklist.
A degree of editorial license has been applied to the selec-
tion of a "best" common name, where more than one is applied
to the same plant, or where the same common name is used
for two or more different plants. In a number of instances,
in a dilemma familiar to all writers of floristic treatments,
a widely used but scarcely printable common name has been
rejected for an innocuous synonym. Whenever two or more
common names for a plant are believed to be in widespread
use, and of equal suitability, this Checklist uses the name
that has been selected in two of the more comprehensive efforts
to establish uniformity in the application of common names.3
Since the names of these standardized lists are drawn, at least
in part, from the same sources as the names in this Checklist,
a large proportion of these common names will be found to
be identical.
The concept is rejected, however, that there can be a single
"standardized" common name for a plant, for common names,
by the very meaning of the phrase, are of "common" origin
and are not established by the application of uniform rules
or by consistent usage in scientific publications. Naturally,
true common names often lack precision as to what plants
are referred to, but this is a function better left to the uni-
versally applicable scientific name and, in any event, is not
achieved by the standardization of common names within a

SKelsey, H. P., & W. A. Dayton (editors). 1942. Standardized plant
names. 2nd ed. McFarland Co., Harrisburg, Pa. 675 p.
Darrow, R. A. (chairman). 1966. Subcommittee on standardization
of common and botanical names of weeds. Weeds 14: 347-386.






single country, when the plants themselves are not so limited.
The "standardized" common name, in its more artificial
form, all too often appears as a mechanical translation of the
scientific name: thus, Eleocharis acicularis becomes slender
spikerush; E. obtzusa, blunt spikerush; E. parvula, dwarf spike-
rush; and E. quadrangulata, squarestem spikerush. The fri-
volity of these names becomes quite apparent when one con-
siders that these species, together with a score or more of
others, are very closely related and in many cases cannot be
distinguished except by microscopic examination. Such syn-
thetic common names are excluded from this Checklist.
Considerable effort has been given to reflecting, by the
way the common name is spaced or hyphenated, the actual
relationships of the plant. Thus, Rhoeo spathacea is known
as boat-lily and Asparagus plumosus as asparagus-fern, since
the first is not a lily and the second is certainly not a fern,
while Lilium catesbaei is known as pine lily and Nephrolepis
biserrata as sword fern, with common names reflecting their
true alliances. Occasionally, where long-established usage has
made the adjective an integral part of the name, the combined
form is accepted, as in clubmoss, pondweed, and bluegrass,
but such barbarisms as Bermudagrass and St. Augustinegrass
have been avoided.

Supplemental Literature
Considering the richness and uniqueness of the Florida
flora, a relatively limited list of publications is available dealing
with the identification of the native and naturalized plants.
Only certain genera and a very few families have been treated
in sufficient detail. In most cases one must depend upon regional
studies, which of necessity give scant information about the
flora of any single state. The following publications, some of
which are semi-popular and others comparatively technical,
are important aids in the identification of the flora of Florida.

Baker, M. F. 1938. Florida wild flowers. Macmillan, New York.
245 p.

Correll, D. S. 1950. Native orchids of North America. Chronica
Botanica, Waltham, Mass. 399 p.

Davis. J. H. 1967. General map of natural vegetation of Florida.
Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Cir. S-178.

Greene, W. F., and H. L. Blomquist. 1953. Flowers of the south.
Univ. of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 208 p.






Hitchcock, A. S., and A. Chase. 1950. Manual of the grasses of the
United States. 2nd ed. U. S. Dep. of Agri. Misc. Pub. No. 200.
1051 p.

Kurz, H., and R. K. Godfrey. 1962. Trees of northern Florida. Univ.
of Florida Press, Gainesville. 311 p.

Lakela, L., and F. C. Craighead. 1965. Annotated checklist of the
vascular plants of Collier, Dade, and Monroe Counties, Florida. Univ.
of Miami Press, Coral Gables. 95 p.

Rickett, H. W. 1967. Wild Flowers of the United States. The Southern
States. McGraw-Hill, New York. 688 p.

Small, J. K. 1933. Manual of the southeastern flora. Univ. of North
Carolina Press, Chapel Hill (reprint). 1554 p.

Small, J. K. 1938. Ferns of the southeastern states. Sci. Press,
Lancaster, Pa. 517 p.

West, E., and L. E. Arnold. 1956. The native trees of Florida.
Univ. of Florida Press, Gainesville. 218 p.

Wherry, E. T. 1964. The southern fern guide. Doubleday, Garden
City, N. Y. 349 p.

Acknowledgments

The preparation of this Checklist has been aided by the
many persons who have supported and assisted in the building
of the Herbarium of the University of Florida, the major
repository of information upon which this list is based. I have
drawn freely upon the published work and upon personal cor-
respondence with botanists who have dealt with the South-
eastern flora. The late Professor Erdman West and Dr. Robert
K. Godfrey, in particular, have contributed to my understand-
ing of many genera.






CHECKLIST


Division Tracheophyta


Subdivision Psilopsida

Psilotaceae Psilotum Family


Psilotum
P. nudum (L.) Beauv.


Whisk-fern


Subdivision Lycopsida

Lycopodiaceae Clubmoss Family


Lycopodium
L. adpressum (Chapm.)
L. appressum
L. alopecuroides L.
L. carolinianum L.
L. cernuum L.
L. dichotomum Jacq.
L. prostratum Harper


Clubmosses
Lloyd & Underw.

Foxtail Clubmoss

Staghorn Clubmoss


Selaginellaceae Spikemoss Family


Selaginella Spikemosses
S. apoda (L.) Spring
Diplostachyum apodum, D. ludovicianum
S. arenicola Underw.
S. acanthonota
S. armata Baker
Diplostachyum Eatoni
S. plana (Desv.) Hieron. in Engl. & Prantl
S. uncinata (Desv.) Spring

Isoetaceae Quillwort Family

Isoetes Quillworts
I. engelmannii A. Br.
I. flaccida Shuttlew. ex A. Br.






Subdivision Sphenopsida


Equisetaceae Horsetail Family


Equisetum
E. hyemale L.
E. praealtum


Horsetails
Scouring-rush


Subdivision Pteropsida


Class Filicinae


Ophioglossaceae Adder's-tongue Family


Botrychium
B. alabamense Maxon
B. biternatum (Say.) Underw.
B. obliquum
B. lunarioides (Michx.) Sw.
B. biternatum
B. virginianum (L.) Sw.
Osmundopteris virginiana

Ophioglossum
0. crotalophoroides Walt.

0. engelmannii Prantl


Grape Ferns

Grape Fern



Rattlesnake Fern


Adder's-tongues
Bulbous Adder's-
tongue
Engelmann's
Adder's-tongue


0. nudicaule L. f.
0. dendroneuron, 0. mononeuron, 0. Pumilio, 0. tenerum
0. palmatum L. Hand Fern
Cheiroglossa palmata
0. petiolatum Hook.
0. floridanum


Osmundaceae Royal Fern Family


Osmunda
0. cinnamomea L.
0. regalis L.


Cinnamon Fern
Royal Fern






Schizaeaceae Curly-grass Family


Anemia
A. adiantifolia (L.) Sw.

Lygodium
L. japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.

L. microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br.

Schizaea
S. germanii (Fee) Prantl
Actinostachys Germani


Pine Fern


Climbing Ferns
Japanese Climbing
Fern


Curly-grasses


Gleicheniaceae Net Fern Family

Dicranopteris
D. flexuosa (Schrad.) Underw.


Hymenophyllaceae Filmy Fern Family


Trichomanes
T. holopterum Kunze
T. krausii Hook. & Grev.
T. lineolatum (Bosch) Hook. in
T. petersii Gray
T. punctatum Poir. in Lam.
T. sphenoides Kunze


Filmy Ferns


Hook. & Baker


Parkeriaceae Floating Fern Family


Ceratopteris
C. pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron.
C. deltoidea


Floating Fern


Polypodiaceae Fern Family


Acrostichum
A. aureum L.
A. danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.


Leather Ferns






Adiantum
A. capillus-veneris L.
A. hispidulum Sw.
A. melanoleucum Willd.


A. tenerum Sw.

Asplenium
A. abscissum Willd.
A. auritum Sw.
A. cristatum Lam.
A. dentatum L.
A. heterochroum Kunze
A. platyneuron (L.) Oakes
A. pumilum Sw.
A. resiliens Kunze

A. serratum L.
A. verecundum Chapm. ex Under

Athyrium
A. esculentum (Retz.) Copel.
A. filix-femina (L.) Roth
A. asplenioides
A. japonicum (Thunb.) Copel.

Blechnum
B. occidentale L.
B. serrulatum Rich.

Campyloneurum
C. angustifolium (Sw.) Fde
C. costatum (Kunze) Presl
C. latum Moore
C. phyllitidis (L.) Presl

Cheilanthes
C. microphylla Sw.

Ctenitis
C. ampla (H. & B.) Copel.
Dryopteris ampla


Maidenhair Ferns
Venus'-hair Fern

Fragrant Maidenhair
Fern
Maidenhair Fern

Spleenworts


Parsley Spleenwort


Ebony Spleenwort

Black-stem Spleen-
wort
Bird's-nest Fern
w.




Lady Fern


Swamp Fern

Strap Ferns






Lip Ferns




Tree Fern






C. submarginalis (Langsd. & Fisch.) Copel.
Thelypteris submarginalis


Cyrtomium
C. falcatum (L. f.) Presl

Dennstaedtia
D. bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon
D. adiantoides

Dryopteris
D. ludoviciana (Kunze) Small

Hypolepis
H. repens (L.) Presl


Holly Fern


Shield Ferns
Florida Shield Fern


Bead Fern


Lomariopsis
L. kunzeana (Presl ex Underw.) Holttum
Stenochlaena Kunzeana Hollyleaf Fzrn


Lorinseria
L. areolata (L.) Presl


Microgramma
M. heterophylla (L.) Wherry
Phymatodes heterophyllum

Nephrolepis
N. biserrata (Sw.) Schott
N. cordifolia (L.) Presl
N. exaltata (L.) Schott

Onoclea
0. sensibilis L.

Paltonium
P. lanceolatum (L.) Presl

Pellaea
P. atropurpurea (L.) Link

Phlebodium
P. aureum (L.) J. Smith


Dimorphic Chain
Fern


Vine Fern


Sword Ferns
Sword Fern

Boston Fern


Sensitive Fern


Ribbon Fern

Cliff-brakes
Cliff-brake

Serpent Ferns
Golden Polypody






Pityrogramma Silver Ferns
P. calomelanos (L.) Link Silver Fern

Polypodium Polypody Ferns
P. pectinatum L.
P. plumula Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
P. polypodioides (L.) Watt Resurrection Fern
Marginaria polypodioides

Polystichum
P. acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott Christmas Fern

Pteridium
P. aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Bracken
Pteris caudata, Pteris latiuscula

Pteris Brakes
P. cretica L. Cretan Brake
Pycnodoria cretica
P. longifolia L. Ladder Brake
Pycnodoria bahamensis
P. multifida Poir. in Lam. Huguenot Fern
Pycnodoria multifida
P. tripartita Sw. Giant Brake
Litobrochia tripartita
P. vittata L. Ladder Brake
Pycnodoria vittata


Sphenomeris
S. clavata (L.) Maxon

Stenochlaena
S. tenuifolia (Desv.) Moore

Tectaria
T. amesiana A. A. Eaton
T. coriandrifolia (Sw.) Underw.
T. heracleifolia (Willd.) Underw.
T. minima Underw.


Parsley Fern


Halberd Ferns


Halberd Fern


Thelypteris
T. augescens (Link) Munz & Johnst.
T. dentata (Forsk.) E. St. John






T. hexagonoptera (Michx.) Weatherby
Phegopteris hexagonoptera Beech Fern
T. kunthii (Desv.) Morton Wood Fern
T. normalis
T. macilenta E. St. John
T. macrorhizoma E. St. John
T. ovata R. St. John in Small
T. palustris Schott Marsh Fern
Thelypteris Thelypteris
T. patens (Sw.) Small
T. reptans (J. F. Gmel.) Morton Creeping Fern
Goniopteris reptans
T. resinifera (Desv.) Proctor
T. panamensis
T. reticulata (L.) Proctor
Meniscium reticulatum
T. saxatilis R. St. John in Small
T. sclerophylla (Poepp. ex Spreng.) Morton
T. serra (Sw.) R. St. John in Small
T. serrata (Cav.) Alston
Meniscium serratum
T. tetragona (Sw.) Small
T. torresiana (Gaud.) Alston
Dryopteris setigera
T. totta (Thunb.) Schelpe
T. gongylodes
T. versicolor R. St. John in Small


Trismeria
T. trifoliata (L.) Diels

Vittaria
V. lineata (L.) J. Smith

Woodsia
W. obtusa (Spreng.) Torr.

Woodwardia
W. radicans (L.) J. Smith
W. virginica (L.) J. Smith
Anchistea virginica


Shoestring Fern


Cliff Fern

Chain Ferns

Chain Fern






Marsileaceae Water-clover Family

Marsilea
M. mucronata A. Br. Water-clover
M. vestita


Salviniaceae Water Fern Family

Azolla
A. caroliniana Willd. Mosquito Fern

Salvinia
S. rotundifolia Willd. Water Fern
S. auriculata


Class Gymnospermae


Cycadaceae Sago-palm Family

Zamia
Z. integrifolia Ait. Coontie
Z. angustifolia, Z. silvicola, Z. umbrosa


Taxaceae Yew Family

Taxus Yews
T. floridana Nutt. ex Chapm. Florida Yew

Torreya
T. taxifolia Arn. Gopherwood
Tumion taxifolium


Pinaceae Pine Family

Pinus Pines
P. clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Vasey ex Sarg.
Sand Pine
P. echinata Mill. Shortleaf Pine






P. elliottii Engelm.
P. caribaea, P. palustris
P. glabra Walt.
P. palustris Mill.
P. australis
P. serotina Michx.
P. taeda L.


Slash Pine


Spruce Pine
Longleaf Pine

Pond Pine
Loblolly Pine


Taxodiaceae Bald Cypress Family


Taxodium
T. ascendens Brongn.
T. distichum (L.) Rich.


Pond Cypress
Bald Cypress


Cupressaceae Cypress Family


Callitris
C. robusta R. Br. ex Mirb.

Chamaecyparis
C. thyoides (L.) BSP.

Juniperus
J. silicicola (Small) Bailey
Sabina silicicola


Cypress-pine


Atlantic White-cedar

Red-cedars
Southern Red-cedar


Class Angiospermae


Subclass Monocotyledoneae


Typhaceae Cattail Family


Typha
T. angustifolia L.
T. domingensis Pers.
T. angustifolia
T. latifolia L.


Cattails
Narrowleaf Cattail
Southern Cattail

Common Cattail






Sparganiaceae Bur-reed Family


Sparganium
S. americanum Nutt. Bur-reed


Potamogetonaceae Pondweed Family


Potamogeton
P. capillaceus Poir. in Lam.
P. diversifolius
P. crispus L.
P. foliosus Raf.
P. Curtissii
P. illinoensis Morong
P. angustifolius, P. lucens
P. nodosus Poir. in Lam.
P. fluitans
P. pectinatus L.
P. perfoliatus L.
P. pulcher Tuckerm.
P. pusillus L.


Pondweeds


Curlyleaf Pondweed


Illinois Pondweed



Sago Pondweed


Ruppiaceae Ditch-grass Family


Widgeon-grass


Zannichelliaceae Horned Pondweed Family

Diplanthera
D. wrightii (Aschers.) Aschers.
Halodule Wrightii


Syringodium
S. filiforme Kutz.
Cymodocea manatorum

Zannichellia
Z. palustris L.


Manatee-grass




Horned Pondweed


Ruppia
R. maritima L.






Najadaceae Naiad Family


Najas
N. conferta A. Br.
N. gaudalupensis (Spreng.)
N. marina L.
N. gracilis
N. minor All.


Naiads

Magnus Southern Naiad


Juncaginaceae Arrow-grass Family


Triglochin
T. striata R. & P.


Arrow-grass


Alismataceae -- Water-plantain Family


Alisma
A. subcordatum Raf.

Echinodorus
E. berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett
E. cordifolius
E. cordifolius (L.) Griseb.
E. radicans
E. tenellus (Mart.) Buch.
Helanthium parvulum


Water-plantain

Burheads
Erect Burhead

Creeping Burhead

Dwarf Burhead


Sagittaria Arrowhez
S. engelmanniana J. G. Smith
S. longirostra
S. falcata Pursh
S. graminea Michx.
S. Chapmanii, S. cycloptera, S. Mohrii
S. isoetiformis J. G. Smith
S. kurziana Gltick Sprir
S. ]ancifolia L.
S. angustifolia
S. latifolia Willd. Comi
S. pubescens, S. viscosa
S. montevidensis Cham. & Schlecht.
S. stagnorum Small
S. subulata (L.) Buch.


ids


ig-tape


non Arrowhead






Hydrocharitaceae Frog's-bit Family


Elodea
E. canadensis Rich. in Michx.
Philotria canadensis
E. densa (Planch.) Caspary
Philotria densa

Halophila
H. baillonis Aschers.
H. engelmannii Aschers.

Hydrilla
H. verticillata (L. f.) Royle

Limnobium
L. spongia (Bosc) Steud.

Thalassia
T. testudinum K6nig

Vallisneria
V. neotropicalis Marie-Vict.
V. americana


Waterweed

Brazilian Waterweed


Sea-grasses


Frog's-bit


Turtle-grass


Eelgrass


Gramineae Grass Family


Agrostis
A. hyemalis (Walt.) BSP.
A. hiemalis
A. perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm.


Aira


caryophyllea L.
elegans Willd. ex Gaudin
Aspris capillaris


Alopecurus
A. carolinianus Walt.
A. ramosus


Bentgrasses
Ticklegrass

Autumn Bentgrass


Silver Hairgrass



Foxtails


Amphicarpum
A. muhlenbergianum (Schult.) Hitchc.
A. floridanum






Andropogon
A. arctatus Chapm.
A. brachystachyus Chapm.
A. cabanisii Hack.
A. campyloracheus Nash
A. capillipes Nash
A. elliottii Chapm.
A. floridanus Scribn.
A. gerardii Vitman
A. provincialis
A. glomeratus (Walt.) BSP.
A. longiberbis Hack.
A. perangustatus Nash in Small
A. subtenuis Nash in Small
A. ternarius Michx.
A. tracyi Nash
A. virginicus L.

Anthaenantia
A. rufa (Ell.) Schult.
A. villosa (Michx.) Beauv.

Anthephora
A. hermaphrodita (L.) Knutze

Anthoxanthum
A. aristatum Boiss.


Aristid;
A.

A.
A.
A.
A.

A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.


a
a


ffinis (Schult.) Kunth


A. palustris
condensata Chapm.
curtissii (Gray) Nash
dichotoma Michx.
floridana (Chapm.) Vasey
A. ternipes
gyrans Chapm.
intermedia Scribn. & Ball
lanosa Muhl. ex Ell.
longespica Poir. in Lam.
mohrii Nash
oligantha Michx.
patula Chapm. ex Nash
purpurascens Poir. in Lam.


Beardgrasses






Elliott Beardgrass

Big Bluestem

Bushy Beardgrass






Broomsedge


Three-awns


Prairie Three-awn

Arrowfeather






A. rhizomophora Swallen
A. simpliciflora Chapm.
A. spiciformis Ell.
A. stricta Michx.
A. tenuispica Hitchc.
A. virgata Trin.

Arthraxon
A. hispidus (Thunb.) Makino
A. ciliaris

Arundinaria
A. gigantea (Walt.) Muhl.
A. tecta (Walt.) Muhl.

Avena
A. sativa L.

Axonopus
A. affinis Chase
A. compressus
A. compressus (Swartz) Beauv.
A. furcatus (Fliigge) Hitchc.

Bothriochloa
B. pertusa (L.) A. Camus


Wiregrass


Canes
Giant Cane
Switch Cane


Oat


Carpet Grass


Bouteloua Gramas
B. hirsuta Lag. Hairy Grama

Brachiaria Signalgrasses
B. erucaeformis (J. E. Smith) Griseb.
B. plantaginea (Link) Hitchc.
B. platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash
B. extensa
B. subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc.


Brachyelytrum
B. erectum (Schreb.) Beauv.


Briza
B. minor L.


Bromus
B. commutatus Schrad.
B. japonicus Thunb.


Quaking Grasses
Little Quaking Grass

Bromegrasses
Hairy Chess
Japanese Brome





B. pubescens Muhl. ex Willd.
B. purgans
B. secalinus L.
B. willdenowii Kunth
B. unioloides

Calamovilfa
C. curtissii (Vasey) Scribn.

Cenchrus
C. brownii Roem. & Schult.
C. viridis
C. echinatus L.
C. gracillimus Nash
C. incertus M. A. Curtis
C. myosuroides HBK.
C. pauciflorus Benth.
C. tribuloides L.


Canada Brome

Cheat
Rescue Grass


Sandspurs


Southern Sandspur

Coast Sandspur

Field Sandspur
Dune Sandspur


Chasmanthium
C. latifolium (Michx.) Yates
Uniola latifolia
C. laxum (L.) Yates
Uniola laxa
C. nitidum (Baldw. in Ell.) Yates
Uniola nitida
C. ornithorhynchum (Steud.) Yates
Uniola ornithoryncha
C. sessiliflorum (Poir.) Yates
Uniola longiflora


Chloris
C. capensis (Houtt.) Thell.
C. floridana (Chapm.) Wood
C. gayana Kunth
C. glauca (Chapm.) Wood
C. neglecta Nash
C. petraea Swartz
C. polydactyla (L.) Swartz
C. virgata Swartz


Fingergrasses


Rhodes Grass




Feather Fingergrass


Chrysopogon
C. pauciflorus (Chapm.) Benth ex Vasey
Rhaphis pauciflora






Coridochloa
C. cimicina (L.) Nees ex Jacks.


Ctenium
C. aromaticum (Walt.) Wood Toothache Grass
Campulosus aromaticus
C. floridanum (Hitchc.) Hitchc.
Campulosus floridanus

Cynodon
C. dactylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda Grass
Capriola Dactylon

Dactylis
D. glomerata L. Orchard Grass

Dactyloctenium
D. aegyptium (L.) Beauv. Crowfoot Grass

Danthonia
D. sericea Nutt.
D. spicata (L.) Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
Poverty Grass

Digitaria Crabgrasses
D. albicoma Swallen
D. decumbens Stent
D. diversiflora Swallen
D. dolichophylla Henr.
Syntherisma paniceum
D. filiformis (L.) Koel. Slender Crabgrass
Syntherisma filiforme
D. floridana Hitchc.
Syntherisma floridanum
D. gracillima (Scribn.) Fern.
Syntherisma gracillimum
D. horizontalis Willd.
Syntherisma digitatum
D. longiflora (Retz.) Pers.
D. pauciflora Hitchc.
Syntherisma pauciflorum
D. saguinalis (L.) Scop. Large Crabgrass
Syntherisma sanguinale
D. serotina (Walt.) Michx.
Syntherisma serotinum






D. simpsonii (Vasey) Fern.
Syntherisma Simpsoni
D. subcalva Hitchc.
D. villosa (Walt.) Pers.
Syntherisma villosum
D. violascens Link

Distichlis
D. spicata (L.) Greene

Echinochloa
E. colonum (L.) Link
E. crusgalli (L.) Beauv.
E. muricata (Beauv.) Fern.
E. paludigena Wiegand
E. walteri (Pursh) Heller

Eleusine
E. indica (L.) Gaertn.

Elymus
E. virginicus L.


Saltgrass


Jungle-rice
Barnyard Grass





Goosegrass


Wild Rye


Elyonurus
E. tripsacoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Eragrostis Lovegrasses
E. acuta Hitchc.
E. amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. ex Nees
E. bahiensis Schrad.
E. chariis (Schult.) Hitchc.
E. cilianensis (All.) E. Mosher Stinkgrass
E. ciliaris (L.) R. Br.
E. curvula (Schrad.) Nees Weeping Lovegrass
E. elliottii S. Wats.
E. frankii Meyer ex Steud.
E. glomerata (Walt.) Dewey
E. hirsuta (Michx.) Nees
E. hypnoides (Lam.) BSP.
E. lugens Nees
E. oxylepis (Torr.) Torr.
E. pectinacea (Michx.) Nees Tufted Lovegrass
E. pilosa (L.) Beauv. Indian Lovegrass
E. refracta (Muhl.) Scribn.
E. reptans (Michx.) Nees






simplex Scribn.
spectabilis (Pursh) Steud.
stenophylla Hochst.
tephrosanthos Schult.
tracyi Hitchc.
trichocolea Hack. & Arech.
unioloides (Retz.) Nees in Ste
virescens Presl


ud.


Eremochloa
E. ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. in DC.


Erianthus Plur
E. alopecuroides (L.) Ell.
E. divaricatus
E. coarctus Fern.
E. contortus Baldw. ex Ell.

E. giganteus (Walt.) Muhl.
E. saccharoides
E. strictus Baldw. ex Ell.


Purple Lovegrass










Centipede Grass

iegrasses
Silver Plumegrass


Bent-awn Plume-
grass
Sugarcane Plume-
grass
Narrow Plumegrass


Eriochloa
E. michauxii (Poir.) Hitchc.


Euchlaena
E. mexicana Schrad.

Festuca
F. obtusa Bieler
F. octoflora Walt.
F. sciurea Nutt.


Teosinte


Fescues
Nodding Fescue
Six-weeks Fescue


Gymnopogon
G. ambiguus (Michx.) BSP.
G. brevifolius Trin.
G. chapmanianus Hitchc.
G. floridanus Swallen

Hackelochloa
H. granularis (L.) Kuntze
Rytilix granularis






Heteropogon
H. contortus (L.) Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.
Tanglehead
H. melanocarpus (Ell.) Benth. Sweet Tanglehead


Hordeum
H. pusillum Nutt.


Hydrochloa
H. caroliniensis Beauv.

Hymenachne
H. amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees

Hyparrhenia
H. rufa (Nees) Stapf

Imperata
I. brasiliensis Trin.
I. cylindrica (L.) Beauv.

Koeleria
K. phleoides (Vill.) Pers.

Lasiacis
L. divaricata (L.) Hitchc.

Leersia
L. hexandra Swartz
Homalocenchrus hexandrus
L. lenticularis Michx.
Homalocenchrus lenticularis
L. monandra Swartz
Homalocenchrus monandrus
L. oryzoides (L.) Swartz
Homalocenchrus oryzoides
L. virginica Willd.
Homalocenchrus virginicns

Leptochloa
L. domingensis (Rider&. Trin
L. dubia (HBI.) Nep
L. fascicularis (Lam Gra
L. filiformis (Lam.) Beauv.


Barleys
Little Barley


Cogon Grass


Junegrass


Small Cane


Cutgrasses
Southern Cutgrass

Catchfly Grass



Rice Cutgrass




Sprangletops

Green Sprangletop

Red Sprangletop






L. uninervia (Presl) Hitchc. & Chase
L. virgata (L.) Beauv.

Leptoloma
L. cognatum (Schult.) Chase


Limnodea
L. arkansana (Nutt.) Dewey

Lolium
L. multiflorum Lam.
L. perenne L.
L. temulentum L.

Luziola
L. peruviana J. F. Gmel.

Manisuris
M. cylindrica (Michx.) Kuntze
M. campestris
M. rugosa (Nutt.) Kuntze
M. tessellata (Steud.) Scribn.
M. tuberculosa Nash


mutica Walt.


Melinis
M.


minutiflora Beauv.


Ryegrasses
Italian Ryegrass
Perennial Ryegrass
Darnel


Joint Grasses


Melicgrass


Molasses Grass


Microstegium
M viminellm (Trip ) A Camus

Miscafthwe
M ~ inenpi A nderss

Monp~nth norh]ln
A li-t1ftrli'e T'i]gelm


T < opi ie Tom ) aTiiia
pM schre-ber? iT)' ) T!Gip
M schreheri .J, F. Gmnl


Witchgrass


Eulalia


Key Grass


Hairgrass

Nimblewill






Neyraudia
N. reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng

Oplismenus
0. setarius (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.


Oryza
0. sativa L.


Panicun
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.


n


Rice


Panic Grasses


abscissum Swallen
aciculare Desv. ex Poir. in Lam.
adspersum Trin.
albomarginatum Nash
amarulum Hitchc. & Chase
amarum Ell.
anceps Michx.
angustifolium Ell.
annulum Ashe
arenicoloides Ashe
ashei Pearson in Ashe
auburne Ashe
bartowense Scribn. & Merr.
boscii Poir. in Lam.
breve Hitchc. & Chase
caerulescens Hack. ex Hitchc.
capillare L.
chamaelonche Trin.
chapmanii Vasey
chrysopsidifolium Nash in Small
ciliatum Ell.
clandestinum L.
combsii Scribn. & Ball
commonsianum Ashe
commutatum Schult.
concinnius Hitchc. & Chase
condensum Nash in Small
consanguineum Kunth
cryptanthum Ashe
curtifolium Nash
dichotomiflorum Michx.
dichotomum L.
ensifolium Baldw. ex Ell.
equilaterale Scribn.


Beachgrass













Witchgrass















Fall Panicum





erectifolium Nash
fasciculatum Swartz
flavovirens Nash
flexile (Gattinger) Scribn.
fusiforme Hitchc.
geminatum Forsk.
glabrifolium Nash
gymnocarpon Ell.
hemitomon Schult. Maidencane
hians Ell.
huachucae Ashe
joorii Vasey
lacustre Hitchc. & Ekman
lancearium Trin.
lanuginosum Ell.
laxiflorum Lam.
leucothrix Nash
lindheimeri Nash
longifolium Torr.
longiligulatum Nash
lucidum Ashe
malacon Nash
maximum Jacq. Guinea Grass
microcarpon Muhl. ex Ell.
miliaceum L. Hog Millet
mutabile Scribn. & Smith ex Nash in Small
neuranthum Griseb.
nitidum Lam.
nudicaule Vasey
oligosanthes Schult.
ovale Ell.
paludivagum Hitchc. & Chase
patentifolium Nash
patulum (Scribn. & Merr.) Hitchc.
pinetorum Swallen
polycaulon Nash
portoricense Desv. ex Hamilt.
pseudopubescens Nash
purpurascens Raddi Para Grass
P. barbinode
ramosum L. Browntop Millet
ravenelii Scribn. & Merr.
repens L. Torpedo Grass
reptans L.





P. rhizomatum Hitchc. & Chase
P. rigidulum Nash
P. agrostoides
P. roanokense Ashe
P. scabriusculum Ell.
P. scoparium Lam
P. sphaerocarpon Ell.
P. sphagnicola Nash
P. spretum Schult.
P. strigosum Muhl. in Ell.
P. tenerum Beyr. in Trin.
P. tenue Muhl.
P. texanum Buckl.
P. trifolium Nash
P. vernale Hitchc. & Chase
P. verrucosum Muhl.
P. villosissimum Nash
P. virgatum L.
P. webberianum Nash
P. wrightianum Scribn.
P. xalapense HBK.

Paspalum
P. bifidum (Bertol.) Nash
P. blodgettii Chapm.
P. boscianum Fltigge
P. caespitosum Fliigge
P. ciliatifolium Michx.
P. conjugatum Berg.
P. debile Michx.
P. difforme LeConte
P. dilatatum Poir. in Lam.
P. dissectum (L.) L.
P. distichum L.
P. fimbriatum HBK.
P. floridanum Michx.
P. fluitans (Ell.) Kunth
P. repens
P. giganteum Baldw. ex Vasey
P. laeve Michx.
P. langei (Fourn.) Nash
P. laxum Lam.
P. lentiferum Lam.
P. longepedunculatum LeConte


Switchgrass








Bull Paspalum

Fringeleaf Paspalum



Dallis Grass

Knotgrass





P. longipilum Nash
P. monostachyum Vasey in Chapm.
P. notatum Fliigge
P. pleostachyum Doell in Mart.
P. plicatulum Michx.
P. praecox Walt.
P. propinquum Nash
P. pubescens Muhl. in Willd.
P. pubiflorum Rupr. ex Fourn.
P. rigidifolium Nash
P. saugetii Chase
P. setaceum Michx.
P. supinum Bosc ex Poir. in Lam.
P. urvillei Steud.
P. vaginatum Swartz

Pennisetum
P. ciliare (L.) Link
P. glaucum (L.) R. Br.
P. purpureum Schumach.
P. setosum (Swartz) L. Rich in Pers.


Phalaris
P. angusta Nees ex Trin.
P. canariensis L.
P. caroliniana Walt.
P. minor Retz.

Pharus
P. parvifolius Nash


Phragmites
P. communis Trin.
P. Phragmites


Poa
P. annua L.
P. arachnifera Torr.
P. autumnalis Muhl. ex Ell.
P. chapmaniana Scribn.
P. pratensis L.
P. sylvestris Gray

Polypogon
P. maritimus Willd.
P. monospeliensis (L.) Desf.


Can


Bahia Grass











Vasey Grass




Pearl Millet
Napier Grass


ary Grasses

Canary Grass


Reed


Bluegrasses
Annual Bluegrass
Texas Bluegrass


Kentucky Bluegrass




Rabbitfoot Grass





Reimarochloa
P. oligostachya (Munro) Hitchc.

Rhynchelytrum
R. repens (Willd.) Hubb.
Tricholaena rosea


Rottboellia
R. exaltata L.f.
Manisuris exaltata

Saccharum
S. officinarum L.

Sacciolepis
S. indica (L.) Chase
S. striata (L.) Nash


Natal Grass


Sugarcane


Schizachyrium
S. gracile (Spreng.) Nash in Small
Andropogon gracilis
S. hirtiflorum Nees
Andropogon hirtiflorus
S. maritimum (Chapm.) Nash in Small
Andropogon maritimus
S. niveum (Swallen) Gould
S. rhizomatum (Swallen) Gould
S. scoparium (Michx.) Nash in Small
Andropogon scoparius Little Bluestem
S. semiberbe Nees
Andropogon semiberbis
S. sericatum (Swallen) Gould
S. stoloniferum Nash in Small
Andropogon stolonifer
S. tenerum Nees
Andropogon tener


Scleropoa
S. rigida (L.) Griseb.

Setaria
S. barbata (Lam.) Kunth
Chaetochloa barbata
S. corrugata (Ell.) Schult.
Chaetochloa corrugata,


Bristly Foxtails



C. hispida





S. geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. Kno
Chaetochloa geniculata
S. glauca (L.) Beauv. Yell
Chaetochloa lutescens
S. italica (L.) Beauv. Fox
Chaetochloa italica
S. macrosperma (Scribn. & Merr.) Schum.
Chaetochloa macrosperma
S. magna Griseb. Giar
Chaetochloa magna
S. setosa (Swartz) Beauv.
S. viridis (L.) Beauv. GreE
Chaetochloa viridis


Sorghastrum
S. elliottii (Mohr) Nash
S. nutans (L.) Nash
S. secundum (Ell.) Nash

Sorghum
S. almum Parodi
S. bicolor (L.) Moench
Holcus Sorghum
S. halepense (L.) Pers.
Holcus halepensis


troot Foxtail

ow Foxtail

tail Millet


it Foxtail


en Foxtail


Indian Grass




Sorghum

Johnson Grass


Spartina Cordgrasses
S. alterniflora Loisel. Saltmarsh Cordgrass
S. bakeri Merr.
S. cynosuroides (L.) Roth Big Cordgrass
S. patens (Ait.) Muhl. Saltmeadow
Cordgrass
S. spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex Hitchc.

Sphenopholis
S. filiformis (Chapm.) Scribn.
S. intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. Slender Wedgegrass
S. pallens
S. nitida (Bieler) Scribn.
S. obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Prairie Wedgegrass

Sporobolus Dropseeds
S. clandestinus (Bieler) Hitchc.
S. curtissii (Vasey) Small ex Scribn.
S. domingensis (Trin.) Kunth
S. floridanus Chapm.






S. indicus (L.) R. Br.
S. junceus (Michx.) Kunth
S. gracilis
S. poiretii (Roem. & Schult.) Hitchc.
S. Berteroanus
S. pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc.
S. argutus
S. tenuissimus (Schrank) Kuntze
S. virginicus (L.) Kunth

Stenotaphrum
S. secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze

Stipa
S. avenacea L.
S. avenacioides Nash

Themeda
T. quadrivalvis (L.) Kuntze


Smutgrass



Virginia Dropseed


St. Augustine Grass


Needlegrass



Kangaroo Grass


Trichachne
T. insularis (L.) Nees
Valota insularis


Tridens


T. ambiguus (Ell.) Schult.
Triodia Elliottii
T. carolinianus (Steud.) Henr.
Triodia Drummondii
T. chapmanii (Small) Chase
Triodia flava
T. eragrostoides (Vasey & Scribn.) Nash
Triodia eragrostoides
T. flavus (L.) Hitchc. Tall
Triodia flava


SRedtop


Triplasis
T. americana Beauv.
T. purpurea (Walt.) Chapm.
T. intermedia

Tripsacum
T. dactyloides (L.) L.
T. floridanum Porter ex Vasey
Trisetum
T. pennsylvanicum (L.) Beauv.


Sandgrass



Gamagrass


ex Roem. & Schult.





Uniola
U. paniculata L. Sea Oats

Zizania
Z. aquatica L. Annual Wild-rice

Zizaniopsis
Z. miliacea (Michx.) Doell. and Aschers.
Southern Wild-rice
Zoysia
Z. japonica Steud. Japanese Lawngrass
Z. matrella (L.) Merr. Manila Grass
Z. tenuifolia Willd. ex Trin. Mascarene Grass


Cyperaceae Sedge Family

Bulbostylis
B. barbata (Rottb.) Clarke in Hook. f.
Stenophyllus barbatus Water-grass
B. capillaris (L.) Clarke in Hook. f.
Stenophyllus capillaris
B. ciliatifolia (Ell.) Fern.
Stenophyllus Carteri, S. ciliatifolius, S. coarctatus
B. stenophylla (Ell.) Clarke
Stenophyllus stenophyllus
B. warei (Torr.) Clarke
Stenophyllus Warei

Carex Sedges
C. abscondita Mackenz.
C. alata Torr.
C. albolutescens Schwein.
C. straminea
C. amphibola Steud.
C. annectens Bickn.
C. atlantica Bailey
C. baltzellii Chapm. ex Dewey
C. blanda Dewey
C. bromoides Schkuhr in Willd.
C. bullata Schkuhr in Willd.
C. cephalophora Muhl. in Willd.
C. chapmanii Steud.
C. cherokeensis Schwein.
C. comosa Boott





complanata Torr. & Hook.
crebriflora Wieg.
crus-corvi Shuttlew. in Kunze
dasycarpa Muhl.
debilis Michx.
decomposita Muhl.
digitalis Willd.
elliottii Schwein. & Torr.
festucacea Schkuhr in Willd.
fissa Mackenz.
flaccosperma Dewey
floridana Schwein.
folliculata L.
C. Smalliana
frankii Kunth
gigantea Rudge
glaucescens Ell.
granularis Muhl. in Willd.
grisea Wahlenb.
gynandra Schwein.
howei Mackenz.
hyalinolepis Steud.
incomperta Bickn.
intumescens Rudge
joorii Bailey
laevivaginata (Kiik.) Mackenz. in Britt. & Brown
laxiflora Lam.
C. heterosperma
leavenworthii Dewey
leptalea Wahlenb.
longii Mackenz.
louisianica Bailey
lupulina Muhl. in Willd.
lupuliniformis Sartw. in Dewey
lurida Wahlenb.
magnifolia Mackenz. in Small
mitchelliana Curtis
mohriana Mackenz.
muhlenbergii Schkuhr
nigromarginata Schwein.
oligocarpa Schkuhr in Willd.
oxylepis Torr. & Hook
reniformis (Bailey) Small
retroflexa Muhl. in Willd.





C. stipata Muhl. in Willd.
C. uberior
C. striatula Michx.
C. laxiflora
C. styloflexa Buckl.
C. tenax Chapm. in Dewey
C. validior
C. tribuloides Wahlenb.
C. turgescens Torr.
C. typhina Michx.
C. venusta Dewey
C. verrucosa Muhl.
C. vexans Hermann
C. vulpinoidea Michx.
C. walteriana Bailey
C. willdenovii Schkuhr in Willd.

Cladium
C. jamaicense Crantz
Mariscus jamaicensis
C. mariscoides (Muhl.) Torr.
Mariscus mariscoides

Cyperus
C. alternifolius L.
C. aristatus Rottb.
C. inflexus
C. articulatus L.
C. blodgettii Britt.
C. brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk.
Kyllinga brevifolia
C. compressus L.
C. cuspidatus HBK.
C. distinctus Steud.
C. elegans L.
C. erythrorhizos Muhl.
C. Halei
C. esculentus L.
C. lutescens
C. filiculmis Vahl
C. flavescens L.
C. floridanus Britt. in Small
C. fuligineus Chapm.


Sawgrass


Galingales
Umbrella Sedge













Yellow Nut Sedge





C. globulosus Aubl.
C. multiflorus
C. haspan L.
C. iria L.
C. laevigatus L.
C. Careyi
C. lanceolatus Poir. in Lam.
C. densus
C. lecontei Torr.
C. ligularis L.
C. martindalei Britt.
C. metzii (Hochst.) Mattf. & Kiik.
C. nashii Britt. in Small
C. odoratus L.
C. ferax, C. longispicatus, C. s
C. ovularis (Michx.) Torr.
C. planifolius L. C. Rich.
C. brunneus
C. pollardii Britt. in Small
C. Deeringianus, C. litoreus, C
C. polystachyos Rottb.
C. microdontus, C. odoratus, C
C. pumilus L.
C. refractus Engelm. ex Steud.
C. retrofractus (L.) Torr. in Gray
C. retrorsus Chapm.
C. Torreyi
C. robustus Kunth
C. virens
C. rotundus L.
C. sesquiflorus (Torr.) Mattf. & I
Kyllinga odorata
C. strigosus L.
C. stenolepis
C. surinamensis Rottb.
C. tenuifolius (Steud.) Dandy
Kyllinga pumila
C. tetragonus Ell.
C. thyrsiflorus Schlect. & Cham.
C. dissitiflorus
C. virens Michx.
C. pseudovegetus


peciosus


. Winkleri

.paniculatus


iik.


Purple Nut Sedge





Dichromena
D. colorata (L.) Hitchc.
D. floridensis Britt.
D. latifolia Baldw.


Dulichium
D. arundinaceum (L.) Britt.


White-top Sedge

Giant White-top
Sedge


Eleocharis Spike-rushes
E. acicularis (L.) R. & S.
E. albida Torr.
E. atropurpurea (Retz.) Kunth
E. baldwinii (Torr.) Chapm.
E. capillacea, E. prolifera
E. cellulosa Torr.
E. elongata Chapm.
E. equisetoides (Ell.) Torr.
E. fallax Weath.
E. calva
E. flavescens (Poir.) Urban
E. flaccida, E. praticola
E. geniculata (L.) R. & S.
E. caribaea
E. interstincta (Vahl) R. & S.
E. melanocarpa Torr.
E. microcarpa Torr.
E. Brittonii, E. Torreyana
E. minima Kunth
E. bicolor, E. uncialis
E. montana (HBK.) R. & S.
E. nodulosa
E. montevidensis Kunth
E. arenicola
E. nana Kunth
E. nigrescens (Nees) Steud.
E. obtusa (Willd.) R. & S.
E. olivacea Torr.
E. parvula (R. & S.) Link
Scirpus nanus
E. quadrangulata (Michx.) R. & S.
E. radicans (Poir.) Kunth
E. robbinsii Oakes
E. rostellata Torr.





E. tortilis (Link) R. & S.
E. simplex
E. tricostata Torr.
E. tuberculosa (Michx.) R. & S.
E. vivipara Link

Fimbristylis
F. autumnalis (L.) R. & S.
F. baldwiniana (Schult.) Torr.
F. caroliniana (Lam.) Fern.
F. Harperi
F. diphylla (Retz.) Vahl
F. miliacea (L.) Vahl
F. monostachya (L.) Hassk.
Abildgaardia monostachya
F. pilosa Vahl
F. puberula (Michx.) Vahl
F. drummondii
F. schoenoides Vahl
F. spadicea (L.) Vahl
F. castanea
F. spathacea Roth
F. vahlii(Lam.) Link


Hurricane-grass


Fuirena
F. breviseta (Coville) Coville in Harper
F. pumila Torr. ex Spreng.
F. squarrosa
F. scirpoidea Michx.
F. long
F. squarrosa Michx.
F. hispida


Hemicarpha
H. micrantha (Vahl)


Pax in Engl. & Prantl


Lipocarpha
L. maculata (Michx.) Torr.

Remirea
R. maritima Aubl.

Rhynchospora
R. baldwinii Gray
R. breviseta (Gale) Channell


Beach-star

Beak-rushes





R. caduca Ell.
R. patula
R. capitellata (Michx.) Vahl
R. leptocarpa
R. careyana Fern.
R. cephalantha Gray
R. axillaris
R. chalarocephala Fern. & Gale
R. chapmanii Curtis
R. ciliaris (Michx.) Mohr
R. Rappiana
R. compressa Carey ex Chapm.
R. corniculata (Lam.) Gray
R. culixa Gale
R. curtissii Britt. in Small
R. debilis Gale
R. decurrens Chapm.
R. divergens Chapm.
R. eximia (Nees in Seeman) Boeckl.
Psilocarya Schiedeana
R. fascicularis (Michx.) Vahl
R. distans
R. fernaldii Gale
R. filifolia Gray
R. fuscoides
R. globularis (Chapm.) Small
R. cymosa, R. pinetorum
R. glomerulata (L.) Vahl
R. gracilenta Gray
R. grayii Kunth
R. harper Small
R. harveyi Boott
R. inexpansa (Michx.) Vahl
R. intermedia (Chapm.) Britt.
R. intermixta Wright
R. inundata (Oakes) Fern.
R. macra (Clarke) Small
R. macrostachya Torr.
R. megalocarpa Gray
R. dodecandra
R. microcarpa Baldw. ex Gray
R. Edisoniana
R. microcephala (Britt.) Britt. in Sn
R. miliacea (Lam.) Gray


Horned-rush


nall





R. mixta Britt. in Small
R. prolifera
R. nitens (Vahl) Gray Bald-rush
Psilocarya nitens
R. odorata Wright ex Griseb.
R. stipitata
R. oligantha Gray
R. perplexa Britt. in Small
R. pleiantha (Ktik.) Gale
R. fusca
R. plumosa Ell.
R. semiplumosa
R. punctata Ell.
R. rariflora (Michx.) Ell.
R. scirpoides (Torr.) Gray Bald-rush
Psilocarya corymbifera, P. scirpoides
R. stenophylla Chapm.
R. sulcata Gale
R. tracyi Britt. in Small
R. wrightiana Boeckl.


Scirpus
S. americanus Pers.


S. californicus (Meyer) Steud.
S. cernuus Vahl
S. confervoides Poir. in Lam.
Websteria submersa
S. cubensis Poepp. & Kunth
S. cyperinus (L.) Kunth
S. Eriophorum
S. divaricatus Ell.
S. fontinalis Harper
S. lineatus Michx.
S. olneyi Gray
S. robustus Pursh
S. subterminalis Torr.
S. etuberculatus
S. supinus L.
S. Hallii
S. validus Vahl


Bulrushes
Three-square
Bulrush


Websteria


Wool-grass






Salt-marsh Bulrush





Great Bulrush





Scleria
S. baldwinii (Torr.) Steud.
S. costata
S. ciliata Michx.
S. Brittonii, S. Elliottii
S. curtissii Britt. in Small
S. flaccida Steud.
S. georgiana Core
S. gracilis
S. hirtella Sw.
S. lithosperma (L.) Sw.
S. oligantha Michx.
S. pauciflora Muhl. in Willd.
S. reticularis Michx.
S. setacea
S. triglomerata Michx.
S. verticillata Muhl. in Willd.


Palmae Palm Family


Coccothrinax
C. argentata (Jacq.) Bailey
C. argentea


Cocos
C. nucifera L.


Paurotis
P. wrightii (Griseb. & Wendl.) Britt.


Pseudophoenix
P. sargentii Wendl. ex Sarg.
P. vinifera

Rhapidophyllum
R. hystrix (Pursh) Wendl. & Drude

Roystonea
R. regia (HBK.) Cook

Sabal
S. etonia Swingle ex Nash
S. minor (Jacq.) Pers.
S. palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex Schult.
S. Jamesiana


Silver Palm


Coconut


Paurotis Palm


Buccaneer Palm



Needle Palm


Royal Palm


Scrub Palmetto

& Schult.
Cabbage Palm


Nut-rushes





Serenoa
S. repens (Bartr.) Small

Thrinax
T. microcarpa Sarg.
T. parviflora Sw.


Saw Palmetto


Brittle Thatch Palm
Thatch Palm


Araceae Arum Family


Arisaema
A. dracontium (L.) Schott
Muricauda Dracontium
A. triphyllum (L.) Schott
A. acuminatum, A. quinatum

Colocasia
C. esculenta (L.) Schott

Orontium
0. aquaticum L.

Peltandra
P. sagittifolia (Michx.) Morong
P. glauca
P. virginica (L.) Schott & Endl.

Pistia
P. stratiotes L.


Lemna
L.
L.
L.
L.

L.
L.
L.


Green Dragon

Jack-in-the-pulpit



Wild Taro


Golden Club


Spoon-flower

Green Arum


Water-lettuce


Lemnaceae Duckweed Family

Duckweeds


gibba L.
minor L.
obscura (Austin) Daubs
perpusilla Torr.
L. minima
trinervis (Austin) Small
triscula L.
valdiviana Phil.
L. cyclostasa


Spirodela
S. oligorhiza (Kurz) Hegelm.
S. polyrhiza (L.) Schleid.


Common Duckweed





Star Duckweed





Greater Duckweed






Wolffia
W. columbiana Karst.
Bruneria columbiana
W. papulifera Thompson
Bruneria punctata


Watermeal


Wolffiella
W. floridana (Smith) Thompson
W. oblonga (Phil.) Hegelm.

Mayacaceae Bog-moss Family


Mayaca
M.
M.


Bog-mosses


aubletii Michx.
fluviatilis Aubl.


Xyridaceae Yellow-eyed-grass Family


Xyris
X. ambigua Beyr. ex Kunth
X. baldwiniana Schult. in R. & S.
X. brevifolia Michx.
X. caroliniana Walt.
X. flexuosa, X. pallescens
X. difformis Chapm.
X. elata, X. neglecta
X. drummondii Malme
X. elliottii Chapm.
X. fimbriata Ell.
X. flabelliformis Chapm.
X. iridifolia Chapm.
X. jupicai L. Rich.
X. communis
X. longisepala Kral
X. platylepis Chapm.
X. scabrifolia Harper
X. serotina Chapm.
X. smalliana Nash
X. stricta Chapm.


Yellow-eyed-grasses













Common Yellow-
eyed-grass


Eriocaulaceae Pipewort Family

Eriocaulon Pipeworts
E. compressum Lam.






decangulare L.
lineare Small
ravenelii Chapm.


Lachnocaulon
L. anceps (Walt.) Morong
L. floridanum, L. glabrum
L. beyrichianum Sporleder ex Korn.
L. digynum Korn.
L. engleri Ruhl. in Engler
L. minus (Chapm.) Small
L. eciliatum


Common Pipewort





Hairy Pipewort


Syngonanthus
S. flavidulus (Mich.) Ruhl.


Bromeliaceae Pineapple Family

Catopsis
C. berteroniana (Schult.) Mez in DC.
C. floribunda (Brongn.) L. B. Smith
C. nutans
C. nutans (Sw) Griseb.

Guzmania
G. monostachia (L.) Rusv x Mez in DC.
Guzmarn-a monostachbv


Tillandsia
T. balbisianp Rchult. in R A S.
T. bartramii Ell.
T mvTIi',,phbvla
T. .ir'in.,no cb'hlecht




I. fle :f0 -.,


1 1 o1. ,,+,, ;o

i. .. ......i ,,,
i .,..1 .0 ofl>l1'0 >


Air-plants






(Giart Aij-p ant

,H.trq A ir. n1prnt


PET llTo re,





T. setacea Sw.
T. tenuifolia
T. simulata Small
T. usneoides (L.) L.
Dendropogon usneoides
T. utriculata L.
T. valenzuelana A. Rich. in Sagra


Spanish-moss

Wild-pine


Commelinaceae Spiderwort Family

Callisia
C. fragrans (Lindl.) Woodson


Commelina
C. caroliniana Walt.
C. diffusa Burm. f.
C. longicaulis
C. elegans HBK.
C. erecta L.
C. angustifolia
C. gigas Small
C. virginica L.


Leiandra
L. cordifolia (Sw.) Raf.
Tradescantella floridana

Murdannia
M. keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Mazz.
M. nudiflora (L.) Brenan
Aneilema nudiflorum

Rhoeo
R. spathacea (Sw.) Steam
R. discolor

Tradescantia
T. fluminensis Veil.
T. hirsuticaulis Small
T. ohiensis Raf.
T. foliosa, T. reflex?
T. roseolens Small
T. longifolia
T subaspera Kee
T. pilosfq


Dayflowers

Common Dayflower


Boat-lily


Spiderworts


Common Spiderwort





Tripogandra
T. rosea (Vent.) Woodson
Cuthbertia graminea, C. ornata, C. rosea


Zebrina
Z. pendula Schnizl.


Wandering Jew


Pontederiaceae Pickerelweed Family


Eichhornia
E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms in DC. Water-hyacinth
Piaropus crassipes

Pontederia Pickerelweeds
P. cordata L.
P. lanceolata Nutt. Southern Pickerel-
weed


Juncaceae Rush Family


Juncus
J. abortivus Chapm.
J. acuminatus Michx.
J. biflorus Ell.
J. aristulatus
J. bufonius L.
J. canadensis J. Gay ex Laharpe
J. coriaceus Mackenz.
J. setaceus
J. debilis Gray
J. dichotomus Ell.
J. diffusissimus Buckl.
J. effusus L.
J. elliottii Chapm.
J. gerardii Loisel.
J. gymnocarpus Coville
J. marginatus Rostk.
J. megacephalus M. A. Curtis
J. polycephalus Michx.
J. repens Michx.
J. roemerianus Scheele
J. scirpoides Lam.
J. tenuis Willd.


Rushes


Toad Rush







Soft Rush

Black-grass Rush

Shore Rush



Black Rush

Path Rush





J. trigonocarpus Steud.
J. validus Coville


Luzula
L. carolinae S. Wats.
Juncoides carolinae
L. echinata (Small) Hermann
Juncoides echinatum


Woodrush


Stemonaceae Roxburghia Family

Croomia
C. pauciflora (Nutt.) Torr. in T. & G.

Liliaceae Lily Family


aurea Walt.
farinosa L.
A. bracteata
lutea Small
obovata Nash


Colic-roots



Yellow Colic-root
White Colic-root


Aloe
A. barbadensis Mill.
A. vera

Asparagus
A. officinalis L.
A. plumosus Baker
A. sprengeri Regel

Chamaelirium
C. luteum (L.) Gray

Erythronium
E. umbilicatum Park & Hardin
E. americanum


Harperocallis
H. flava McDaniel

Lilium
L. catesbaei Walt.
L. iridollae Henry
L. carolinianum


Barbados Aloe



Asparagus
Asparagus-fern
Asparagus-fern


Fairy-wand


Dogtooth-violet


Lilies
Pine Lily
Turk's-cap Lily


Aletris
A.
A.

A.
A.





Medeola
M. virginiana L.


Pleea
P. tenuifolia Michx.

Polygonatum
P. biflorum (Walt.) Ell.

Schoenocaulon
S. dubium (Michx.) Small

Schoenolirion
S. croceum (Michx.) Wood
Oxytria crocea
S. elliottii Gray
Oxytria albiflora


Smil


ax


Indian Cucumber-
root


Rush-featherling


Solomon's-seal


Sunnybells
Yellow Sunnybell

White Sunnybell


Greenbriers


S. auriculata Walt.
S. bona-nox L. Ca
S. glauca Walt.
S. havanensis Jacq.
S. hispida Muhl. in Torr.
S. hugeri (Small) J. B. Norton in Pennell
Nemexia Hugeri Small
S. laurifolia L. Ba
S. pumila Walt. Wi
S. rotundifolia L.
S. smallii Morong
S. lanceolata
S. walteri Pursh


Stenanthium
S. gramineum (Ker) Morong

Tofieldia
T. racemosa (Walt.) BSP.
Triantha racemosa

Trillium
T. hugeri Small


Fe


Fa


Waker


tbrier






*mboo-brier
ild Sarsaparilla







atherbells


lse Asphodel


bins





T. lancifolium Raf.
T. lanceolatum
T. maculatum Raf.
T. Underwoodii

Uvularia
U. floridana Chapm.
Oakesiella floridana
U. perfoliata L.
U. sessilifolia L.
Oakesiella sessilifolia

Veratrum
V. virginicum (L.) Aiton
Melanthium dispersum, M.
V. woodii Robbins
V. intermedium


Merrybells


False Hellebores
Bunchflower
virginicum


Zigadenus
Z. densus (Desr.) Fern.
Tracyanthus angustifolius
Z. glaberrimus Michx.
Zygadenus glaberrimus
Z. muscaetoxicus (Walt.) Zimmerman
Chrosperma muscaetoxicum


Crow-poison




Fly-poison


Haemodoraceae Bloodwort Family


Lachnanthes
L. caroliniana (Lam.) Dandy
Gyrotheca tinctoria


Red-root


Lophiola
L. americana (Pursh) Wood
L. aurea


Amaryllidaceae Amaryllis Family

Allium Onions
A. canadense L. Wild Onion
A. cuthbertii Small
A. mobilense Regel
A. arenicola, A. microscordion






Crinum
C. americanum L.

Hymenocallis
H. choctawensis Traub
H. floridana (Raf.) Morton
H. tridentata
H. henryae Traub
H. humilis S. Wats.
H. kimballiae Small
H. latifolia (Mill.) Roem.
H. Collieri, H. keyensis
H. palmeri S. Wats.
H. puntagordensis Traub

Hypoxis
H. juncea Smith
H. leptocarpa (Engelm. & Gray)
H. hirsuta
H. micrantha Pollard in Small
H. rigida Chapm.
H. sessilis L.
H. wrightii (Baker) Brackett

Nothoscordum
N. bivalve (L.) Britt.
N. inodorum (Ait.) Nichols
N. fragrans

Zephyranthes
Z. atamasco (L.) Herb.
Atamosco Atamasco
Z. simpsonii Chapm.
Atamosco Simpsonii
Z. treatiae S. Wats.
Atamosco Treatiae


Swamp-lily

Spider-lilies









Alligator-lily


Star-grasses
Common Star-grass
Small







False Garlic



Zephyr-lilies
Atamasco-lily



Easter-lily


Agavaceae Agave Family


Agave
A. americana L.
A. decipiens Baker
A. neglecta Small
A. sisalana Perrine


Century-plant
False Sisal

Sisal Hemp






Nolina
N. atopocarpa Bartlett
N. brittoniana Nash

Polianthes
P. virginica (L.) Shinners
Manfreda virginica

Sansevieria
S. cylindrica Bojer
S. longiflora Sims
S. thyrsiflora Thunb.
Cordyline guineensis
S. trifasciata Prain

Yucca
Y. aloifolia L.
Y. flaccida Haw.
Y. filamentosa
Y. gloriosa L.
Y. recurvifolia Salisb.


Florida Beargrass


Rattlesnake-master


Bowstring-hemps








Spanish Dagger
Yucca

Spanish Bayonet


Alstroemeriaceae Alstroemeria Family

Alstroemeria
A. pulchella L. f. Parrot-lil



Dioscoreaceae Yam Family

Dioscorea Yams
D. bulbifera L. Air-potat
D. floridana Bartlett Wild Yar
D. quaternata J. F. Gmel. Wild Yai



Iridaceae Iris Family

Crocosmia
C. crocosmaeflora (Lemoine) N. E. Br.


y


0
n
n
m


Montbretia







I. hexagona Walt.
I. kimballiae Small
I. rivularis Small
I. savannarum Small
I. Albispiritus
I. tridentata Pursh
I. tripetala
I. verna L.
Neubeckia verna
I. virginica L.

Nemastylis
N. floridana Small


Sisyrinchium
S. atlanticum Bicknell
S. exile Bicknell
S. Brownei
S. fuscatum Bicknell
S. angustifolium Mill.
S. graminoides
S. nashii Bicknell
S. fibrosum, S. floridanum
S. rosulatum Bicknell

-S. scabrellum Bicknell
S. capillare
S. xerophyllum Greene


Sphenostigma
S. coelestinum (Bartr.) Foster
Salpingostylis coelestina


Blue-eyed-grasses
Blue-eyed-grass
Yellow Blue-eyed-
grass






Annual Blue-eyed-
grass


Scrub Blue-eyed-
grass


Bartram's Ixia


Musaceae Banana Family


Musa
M. acuminata Colla
M. Cavendishii
M. paradisiaca L.
M. sapientum


Dwarf Banana

Banana


Flags


Blue Flag



Dwarf Iris






Zingiberaceae Ginger Family


Alpinia
A. speciosa (Wendl.) Schum.
Languas speciosa

Hedychium
H. coronarium Loenig in Retz.
H. coronatum


Shell-flower



Ginger-lily


Cannaceae Canna Family


edulis Ker
flaccida Salisb.
indica L.


Yellow Canna
Indian Shot


Marantaceae Arrowroot Family

Maranta
M. arundinacea L. Arrowroot


Thalia
T. geniculata L.


Burmanniaceae Burmannia Family


Apteria
A. aphylla (Nutt.) Barnh. in Small

Burmannia
B. biflora L.
B. capitata (J. F. Gmel.) Mart.
B. flava Mart.


Orchidaceae -

Basiphyllaea
B. corallicola (Small) Ames

Bletia
B. purpurea (Lam.) DC.


Nodding Nixie


Orchid Family


Pine-pink


Canna






Brassia
B. caudata (L.) Lindl.

Calopogon
C. barbatus (Walt.) Ames
Limodorum parviflorum
C. multiflorus Lindl.
Limodorum multiflorum,
C. pallidus Chapm.
Limodorum pallidum
C. tuberosum (L.) BSP.
Limodorum Simpsonii, L.


Spider Orchid


Grass-pinks



L. pinetorum



tuberosum


Campylocentrum
C. pachyrrhizum (Reichb. f.) Rolfe

Centrogenium
C. setaceum (Lindl.) Schltr.
Pelexia setacea


Cleistes
C. divaricata (L.) Ames

Corallorhiza
C. odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt.
Corallorrhiza micrantha
C. wisteriana Conrad


Rosebud Orchid

Coral-roots
Fall Coral-root

Spring Coral-root


Cranichis
C. muscosa Sw.


Cyrtopodium
C. punctatum (L.) Lindl.

Encyclia
E. boothiana (Lindl.) Dressler
Epicladium Boothianum
E. cochleata (L.) Dressier
Anacheilium cochleatum
E. pygmaea (Hook.) Dressler
Hormidium pygmaeum
E. tampensis (Lindl.) Small


Cowhorn Orchid


Dollar Orchid

Clamshell Orchid



Butterfly Orchid






Epidendrum
E. anceps Jacq.
Amphiglottis anceps
E. conopseum R. Br. in Ait.
Amphiglottis conopsea
E. difforme Jacq.
Amphiglottis difformis
E. nocturnum Jacq.
Amphiglottis nocturna
E. rigidum Jacq.
Spathiger rigidus
E. strobiliferum Reichb. f.
Spathiger strobiliferus

Erythrodes
E. querceticola (Lindl.) Ames
Physurus querceticola, P.

Eulophia
E. alta (L.) Fawc. & Rendle
Platypus altus
E. ecristata (Fern.) Ames
Triorchos ecristatus

Galeandra
G. beyrichii Reichb. f.

Govenia
G. utriculata (Sw.) Lindl.


Habenaria
H. blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook.

Blephariglottis Blephariglottis, B.
H. ciliaris (L.) R. Br. in Ait.
Blephariglottis ciliaris
H. clavellata (Michx.) Spreng.
Gymnadeniopsis clavellata
H. cristata (Michx.) Spreng.
Blephariglottis cristata
H. distans Griseb.
H. flava (L.) R. Br. ex Spreng.
Perularia bidentata, P. scutellata
H. integra (Nutt.) Spreng.
Gymnadeniopsis integra


Green-fly Orchid













Sagraeanus


White Fringed
Orchid
conspicua






H. nivea (Nutt.) Spreng.
Gymnadeniopsis nivea
H. quinqueseta (Michx.) A. Eaton
H. Habenaria
H. repens Nutt.
H. strictissima Reichb. f.
Habenella odontopetala


Harrisella
H. porrecta (Reichb. f.) Fawc. & Rendle

Hexalectris
H. spicata (Walt.) Barnh.

Ionopsis
I. utricularioides (Sw.) Lindl.

Isotria
I. verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf.


Snowy Orchid


Floating Orchid


Whorled Pogonia


Lepanthopsis
L. melanantha (Reichb. f.) Ames

Liparis
L. elata Lindl.


Listera
L. australis Lindl.
Ophrys australis

Macradenia
M. lutescens R. Br.

Malaxis
M. spicata Sw.
M. unifolia Michx.


Twayblade


Adder's-mouths


Maxillaria
M. crassifolia (Lindl.) Reichb. f.

Oncidium
0. carthagenense (Jacq.) Sw.
0. ensatum Lindl.
O. floridanum






0. luridum Lindl.
0. undulatum
0. variegatum Sw.

Pleurothallis
P. gelida Lindl.

Pogonia
P. ophioglossoides (L.) Ker

Polyrrhiza
P. lindenii (Lindl.) Cogn. in Urban

Polystachya
P. extinctoria Reichb. f.
P. minute

Ponthieva
P. racemosa (Walt.) Mohr
P. Brittonae


Palm-polly


Shadow-witch


Prescottia
P. oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.


Spiranthes Ladies' Tresses
S. cernua (L.) L. C. Rich.
Ibidium cernuum
S. costaricensis Reichb. f.
S. cranichoides (Griseb.) Cogn. in Urban
Cyclopogon cranichoides
S. elata (Sw.) L. C. Rich.
Cyclopogon elatum
S. grayi Ames
Ibidium Beckii
S. lacera (Raf.) Raf.
Ibidium floridanum, I. gracile
S. laciniata (Small) Ames
Ibidium laciniatum
S. lanceolata (Aubl.) Leon
S. longilabris Lindl.
Ibidium longilabre
S. orchioides (Sw.) A. Rich.
Stenorrhynchus orchioides






S. ovalis Lindl.
Ibidium ovale
S. polyantha Reichb. f.
Mesadenus lucayanus
S. praecox (Walt.) S. Wats.
Ibidium praecox
S. tortilis (Sw.) L. C. Rich.
Ibidium tortile
S. vernalis Engelm. & Gray
Ibidium vernale

Tipularia
T. discolor (Pursh) Nutt.
T. unifolia

Triphora
T. cubensis (Reichb. f.) Ames
T. trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. in Britt.

Tropidia
T. polystachya (Sw.) Ames


Vanilla
V. barbellata Reichb. f.
V. articulata
V. dilloniana Correll
V. Eggersii
V. inodora Schiede
V. phaeantha Reichb. f.
V. planifolia Andrews
V. Vanilla

Zeuxine
Z. strateumatica (L.) Schltr.


Worm-vine

Leafless Vanilla

Leafy Vanilla
Leafy Vanilla
Vanilla







INDEX


Abildgaardia, 42
Acrostichum, 12
Actinostachys, 12
Adder's-mouths, 60
Adder's-tongues, 11
Adder's-tongue Family, 11
Adiantum, 13
Agavaceae, 54
Agave, 54
Agave Family, 54
Agrostis, 21
Aira, 21
Air-plants, 48
Air-potato, 55
Alisma, 20
Alismataceae, 20
Aletris, 51
Alligator-lily, 54
Allium, 53
Aloe, 51
Alopecurus, 21
Alpinia, 57
Alstroemeria, 55
Alstroemeriaceae, 55
Alstroemeria Family, 55
Amaryllidaceae, 53
Amaryllis Family, 53
Amphicarpum, 21
Amphiglottis, 59
Anacheilium, 58
Anchistea, 16
Andropogon, 22
Andropogon, 34
Aneilema, 49
Anemia, 12
Angiospermae, 18
Annual Blue-eyed-grass, 56
Annual Bluegrass, 33
Annual Wild-rice, 37
Anthaenantia, 22
Anthephora, 22
Anthoxanthum, 22
Apteria, 57
Araceae, 46
Arisaema, 46
Aristida, 22
Arrowfeather, 22
Arrow-grass, 20
Arrow-grass Family, 20
Arrowheads, 20


Arrowroot, 57
Arrowroot Family, 57
Arthraxon, 23
Arum Family, 46
Arundinaria, 23
Asparagus, 51
Asparagus, 51
Asparagus-fern, 51
Asplenium, 13
Aspris, 21
Atamasco-lily, 54
Atamosco, 54
Athyrium, 13
Atlantic White-Cedar, 18
Autumn Bentgrass, 21
Avena, 23
Axonopus, 23
Azolla, 17

Bahia Grass, 33
Bald Cypress, 18
Bald Cypress Family, 18
Bald-rush, 44
Ball-moss, 48
Bamboo-brier, 52
Banana, 56
Banana Family, 56
Barbados Aloe, 51
Barleys, 28
Barnyard Grass, 26
Bartram's Ixia, 56
Basiphyllaea, 57
Beachgrass, 30
Beach-star, 42
Bead Fern, 14
Beak-rushes, 42
Beardgrasses, 22
Beech Fern, 16
Bent-awn Plumegrass, 27
Bentgrasses, 21
Bermuda Grass, 25
Big Bluestem, 22
Big Cordgrass, 35
Bird's-nest Fern, 13
Black-grass Rush, 50
Black Rush, 50
Black-stem Spleenwort, 13
Blechnum, 13
Blephariglottis, 59
Bletia, 57






Bloodwort Family, 53
Blue-eyed-grass, 56
Blue-eyed-grasses, 56
Blue Flag, 56
Bluegrasses, 33
Boat-lily, 49
Bog-mosses, 47
Bog-moss Family, 47
Boston Fern, 14
Bothriochloa, 23
Botrychium, 11
Bothriochloa, 23
Bowstring-hemps, 55
Brachiaria, 23
Brachyelytrum, 23
Bracken, 15
Brakes, 15
Brassia, 58
Brazilian Waterweed, 21
Bristly Foxtails, 34
Brittle Thatch Palm, 46
Briza, 23
Bromegrasses, 23
Bromeliaceae, 48
Bromus, 23
Broomsedge, 22
Browntop Millet, 31
Bruneria, 47
Buccaneer Palm, 45
Bulbostylis, 37
Bulbous Adder's-tongue, 11
Bull Paspalum, 32
Bulrushes, 44
Bunchflower, 53
Burheads, 20
Burmannia, 57
Burmanniaceae, 57
Burmannia Family, 57
Bur-reed, 19
Bur-reed Family, 19
Bushy Beardgrass, 22
Butterfly Orchid, 58

Cabbage Palm, 45
Calamovilfa, 24
Callisia, 49
Callitris, 18
Calopogon, 58
Campulosus, 25
Campylocentrum, 58
Campyloneurum, 13
Canada Brome, 24


Canary Grass, 33
Canary Grasses, 33
Canes, 23
Canna, 57
Cannaceae, 57
Canna Family, 57
Capriola, 25
Carex, 37
Carpet Grass, 23
Catbrier, 52
Catchfly Grass, 28
Catopsis, 48
Cattail Family, 18
Cattails, 18
Cenchrus, 24
Centipede Grass, 27
Centrogenium, 58
Century-plant, 54
Ceratopteris, 12
Chaetochloa, 34, 35
Chain Fern, 16
Chain Ferns, 16
Chamaecyparis, 18
Chamaelirium, 51
Chasmanthium, 24
Cheat, 24
Cheilanthes, 13
Cheiroglossa, 11
Chloris, 24
Christmas Fern, 15
Chrosperma, 53
Chrysopogon, 24
Cinnamon Fern, 11
Cladium, 39
Clamshell Orchid, 58
Cleistes, 58
Cliff-brake, 14
Cliff-brakes, 14
Cliff Fern, 16
Climbing Ferns, 12
Clubmosses, 10
Clubmoss Family, 10
Coast Sandspur, 24
Coccothrinax, 45
Coconut, 45
Cocos, 45
Cogon Grass, 28
Colic-roots, 51
Colocasia, 46
Commelina, 49
Commelinaceae, 49
Common Arrowhead, 20







Common Cattail, 18
Common Dayflower, 49
Common Duckweed, 46
Common Pipewort, 48
Common Spiderwort, 49
Common Star-grass, 54
Common Yellow-eyed-grass, 47
Coontie, 17
Corallorhiza, 58
Corallorrhiza, 58
Coral-roots, 58
Cordgrasses, 35
Cordyline, 55
Coridochloa, 25
Cowhorn Orchid, 58
Crabgrasses, 25
Cranichis, 58
Creeping Burhead, 20
Creeping Fern, 16
Cretan Brake, 15
Crinum, 54
Crocosmia, 55
Croomia, 51
Crowfoot Grass, 25
Crow-poison, 53
Ctenitis, 13
Ctenium, 25
Cupressaceae, 18
Curly-grasses, 12
Curly-grass Family, 12
Curlyleaf Pondweed, 19
Cutgrasses, 28
Cuthbertia, 50
Cycadaceae, 17

Cyclopogon, 61
Cymodocea, 19
Cynodon, 25
Cyperaceae, 37
Cyperus 39
Cypress Family, 18
Cypress-pine, 18
Cyrtomium, 14
Cyrtopodium, 58

Dactylis, 25
Dactyloctenium, 25
Dallis Grass, 32
Danthonia, 25
Darnel, 29
Dayflowers, 49
Dendropogon, 49


Dennstaedtia, 14
Diaphoranthema, 48
Dichromena, 41
Dicranopteris, 12
Digitaria, 25
Dimorphic Chain Fern, 14
Dioscorea, 55
Dioscoreaceae, 55
Diplanthera, 19
Diplostachyum, 10
Distichlis, 26
Ditch-grass Family, 19
Dogtooth-violet, 51
Dollar Orchid, 58
Dropseeds, 35
Dryopteris, 14
Dryopteris, 13, 16
Duckweed Family, 46
Duckweeds, 46
Dulichium, 41
Dune Sandspur, 24
Dwarf Banana, 56
Dwarf Burhead, 20
Dwarf Iris, 56

Easter-lily, 54
Ebony Spleenwort, 13
Echinochloa, 26
Echinodorus, 20
Eelgrass, 21
Eichhornia, 50
Eleocharis, 41
Eleusine, 26
Elliott Beardgrass, 22
Elodea, 21
Elymus, 26
Elyonurus, 26
Encyclia, 58
Engelmann's Adder's-tongue, 11
Epicladium, 58
Epidendrum, 59
Equisetaceae, 11
Equisetum, 11
Eragrostis, 26
Erect Burhead, 20
Eremochloa, 27
Erianthus, 27
Eriocaulaceae, 47
Eriocaulon, 47
Eriochloa, 27
Erythrodes, 59
Erythronium, 51







Euchlaena, 27
Eulalia, 29
Eulophia, 59

Fairy-wand, 51
Fall Coral-root, 58
Fall Panicum, 30
False Asphodel, 52
False Garlic, 54
False Hellebores, 53
False Sisal, 54
Featherbells, 52
Feather Fingergrass, 24
Fern Family, 12
Fescues, 27
Festuca, 27
Field Sandspur, 24
Filicinae, 11
Filmy Fern Family, 12
Filmy Ferns, 12
Fimbristylis, 42
Fingergrasses, 24
Flags, 56
Floating Fern, 12
Floating Fern Family, 12
Floating Orchid, 60
Florida Beargrass, 55
Florida Shield Fern, 14
Florida Yew, 17
Fly-poison, 53
Foxtail Clubmoss, 10
Foxtail Millet, 35
Foxtails, 21
Fragrant Maidenhair Fern, 13
Fringeleaf Paspalum, 32
Frog's-bit, 21
Frog's-bit Family, 21
Fuirena, 42

Galeandra, 59
Galingales, 39
Gamagrass, 36
Giant Air-plant, 48
Giant Brake, 15
Giant Cane, 23
Giant Foxtail, 35
Giant White-top Sedge, 41
Ginger Family, 57
Ginger-lily, 57
Gleicheniaceae, 12
Golden Club, 46
Golden Polypody, 14


Goniopteris, 16
Goosegrass, 26
Gopherwood, 17
Govenia, 59
Gramas, 23
Gramineae, 21
Grape Fern, 11
Grape Ferns, 11
Grass Family, 21
Grass-pinks, 58
Great Bulrush, 44
Greater Duckweed, 46
Green Arum, 46
Greenbriers, 52
Green Dragon, 46
Green-fly Orchid, 59
Green Foxtail, 35
Green Sprangletop, 28
Guinea Grass, 31
Guzmania, 48
Guzmannia, 48
Gymnadeniopsis, 59, 60
Gymnopogon, 27
Gymnospermae, 17
Gyrotheca, 53

Habenaria, 59
Habenella, 60
Hackelochloa, 27
Haemodoraceae, 53
Hairgrass, 29
Hairy Chess, 23
Hairy Grama, 2&
Hairy Pipewort, 48
Halberd Fern, 15
Halberd Ferns, 15
Halodule, 19
Halophila, 21
Hand Fern, 11
Harperocallis, 51
Harrisella, 60
Hedychium, 57
Helanthium, 20
Hemicarpha, 42
Heteropogon, 28
Hexalectris, 60
Hog Millet, 31
Holcus, 35
Holly Fern, 14
Hollyleaf Fern, 14
Homalocenchrus, 28
Hordeum, 28







Hormidium, 58
Horned Pondweed, 19
Horned Pondweed Family, 19
Horned-rush, 43
Horsetail Family, 11
Horsetails, 11
Huguenot Fern, 15
Hurricane-grass, 42
Hydrilla, 21
Hydrocharitaceae, 21
Hydrochloa, 28
Hymenachne, 28
Hymenocallis, 54
Hymenophyllaceae, 12
Hyparrhenia, 28
Hypolepis, 14
Hypoxis, 54

Ibidium, 61, 62
Illinois Pondweed, 19
Imperata, 28
Indian Cucumber-root, 52
Indian Grass, 35
Indian Lovegrass, 26
Indian Shot, 57
Ionopsis, 60
Iridaceae, 55
Iris, 56
Iris Family, 55
Isoetaceae, 10
Isoetes, 10
Isotria, 60
Italian Ryegrass, 29

Jack-in-the-pulpit, 46
Japanese Brome, 23
Japanese Climbing Fern, 12
Japanese Lawngrass, 37
Johnson Grass, 35
Joint Grasses, 29
Juncaceae, 50
Juncaginaceae, 20
Juncoides, 51
Juncus, 50
Junegrass, 28
Jungle-rice, 26
Juniperus, 18

Kangaroo Grass, 36
Kentucky Bluegrass, 33
Key Grass, 29
Knotgrass, 32


Knotroot Foxtail, 35
Koeleria, 28
Kyllinga, 39, 40

Lachnanthes, 53
Lachnocaulon, 48
Ladder Brake, 15
Ladies' Tresses, 61
Lady Fern, 13
Languas, 57
Large Crabgrass, 25
Lasiacis, 28
Leafless Vanilla, 62
Leafy Vanilla, 62
Leather Ferns, 12
Leersia, 28
Leiandra, 49
Lemna, 46
Lemnaceae, 46
Lepanthopsis, 60
Leptochloa, 28
Leptoloma, 29
Liliaceae, 51
Lilies, 51
Lilium, 51
Lily Family, 51
Limnobium, 21
Limnodea, 29
Limodorum, 58
Liparis, 60
Lip Ferns, 13
Lipocarpha, 42
Listera, 60
Litobrochia, 15
Little Barley, 28
Little Bluestem, 34
Little Quaking Grass, 23
Loblolly Pine, 18
Lolium, 29
Lomariopsis, 14
Longleaf Pine, 18
Lophiola, 53
Lorinseria, 14
Lovegrasses, 26
Luziola, 29
Luzula, 51
Lycopodiaceae, 10
Lycopodium, 10
Lycopsida, 10
Lygodium, 12

Macradenia, 60







Maidencane, 31
Maidenhair Fern, 13
Maidenhair Ferns, 13
Malaxis, 60
Manatee-grass, 19
Manfreda, 55
Manila Grass, 37
Manisuris, 29
Manisuris, 34
Maranta, 57
Marantaceae, 57
Marginaria, 15
Mariscus, 39
Marsh Fern, 16
Marsilea, 17
Marsileaceae, 17
Mascarene Grass, 37
Maxillaria, 60
Mayaca, 47
Mayacaceae, 47
Medeola, 52
Melanthium, 53
Melica, 29
Melicgrass, 29
Melinis, 29
Meniscium, 16
Merrybells, 53
Mesadenus, 62
Microgramma, 14
Microstegium, 29
Miscanthus, 29
Molasses Grass, 29
Monanthochloe, 29
Monocotyledoneae, 18
Montbretia, 55
Mosquito Fern, 17
Muhlenbergia, 29
Murdannia, 49
Muricauda, 46
Musa, 56
Musaceae, 56

Naiad Family, 20
Naiads, 20
Najadaceae, 20
Najas, 20
Napier Grass, 33
Narrowleaf Cattail, 18
Narrow Plumegrass, 27
Natal Grass, 34
Needlegrass, 36
Needle Palm, 45


Nemastylis, 56
Nemexia, 52
Net Fern Family, 12
Nephrolepis, 14
Neubeckia, 56
Neyraudia, 30
Nimblewill, 29
Nodding Fescue, 27
Nodding Nixie, 57
Nolina, 55
Nothoscordum, 54
Nut-rushes, 45
Nut sedge, 39, 40

Oakesiella, 53
Oat, 23
Oncidium, 60
Onions, 53
Onoclea, 14
Ophioglossaceae, 11
Ophioglossum, 11
Ophrys, 60
Oplismenus, 30
Orchidaceae, 57
Orchid Family, 57
Orchard Grass, 25
Orontium, 46
Oryza, 30
Osmunda, 11
Osmundaceae, 11
Osmundopteris, 11
Oxytria, 52

Palmae, 45
Palm Family, 45
Palm-polly, 61
Paltonium, 14
Panic Grasses, 30
Panicum, 30
Para Grass, 31
Parkeriaceae, 12
Parrot-lily, 55
Parsley Fern, 15
Parsley Spleenwort, 13
Paspalum, 32
Path Rush, 50
Paurotis, 45
Paurotis Palm, 45
Pearl Millet, 33
Pelexia, 58
Pellaea, 14
Peltandra, 46







Pennisetum, 33
Perennial Ryegrass, 29
Perularia, 59
Phalaris, 33
Pharus, 33
Phegopteris, 16
Philotria, 21
Phlebodium, 14
Phragmites, 33
Phymatodes, 14
Physurus, 59
Piaropus, 50
Pickerelweed Family, 50
Pickerelweeds, 50
Pinaceae, 17
Pineapple Family, 48
Pine Family, 17
Pine Fern, 12
Pine Lily, 51
Pine-pink, 57
Pines, 17
Pinus, 17
Pipewort Family, 47
Pipeworts, 47
Pistia, 46
Pityrogramma, 15
Platypus, 59
Pleea, 52
Pleurothallis, 61
Plumegrasses, 27
Poa, 33
Pogonia, 61
Polianthes, 55
Polygonatum, 52
Polypodiaceae, 12
Polypodium, 15
Polypody Ferns, 15
Polypogon, 33
Polyrrhiza, 61
Polystachya, 61
Polystichum, 15
Pond Cypress, 18
Pond Pine, 18
Pondweed Family, 19
Pondweeds, 19
Pontederia, 50
Pontederiaceae, 50
Ponthieva, 61
Potamogeton, 19
Potamogetonaceae, 19
Poverty Grass, 25
Prairie Three-awn, 22


Prairie Wedgegrass, 35
Prescottia, 61
Pseudophoenix, 45
Psilocarva, 43, 44
Psilopsida, 10
Psilotaceae, 10
Psilotum, 10
Psilotum Family, 10
Pteridium, 15
Pteris, 15
Pteris, 15
Pteropsida, 11
Purple Lovegrass, 27
Purple Nut Sedge, 40
Pycnodoria, 15

Quaking Grasses, 23
Quillwort Family, 10
Quillworts, 10

Rabbitfoot Grass, 33
Rattlesnake Fern, 11
Rattlesnake-master, 55
Red-cedars, 18
Red-root, 53
Red Sprangletop, 28
Reed, 33
Reimarochloa, 34
Remirea, 42
Rescue Grass, 24
Resurrection Fern, 15
Rhaphis, 24
Rhapidophyllum, 45
Rhodes Grass, 24
Rhoeo, 49
Rhynchelytrum, 34
Rhynchospora, 42
Ribbon Fern, 14
Rice, 30
Rice Cutgrass, 28
Rosebud Orchid, 58
Rottboellia, 34
Roxburghia Family, 51
Royal Fern, 11
Royal Fern Family, 11
Royal Palm, 45
Roystonea, 45
Ruppia, 19
Ruppiaceae, 19
Rushes, 50
Rush Family, 50
Rush-featherling, 52







Ryegrasses, 29
Rytilix, 27

Sabal, 45
Sabina, 18
Saccharum, 34
Sacciolepis, 34
Sagittaria, 20
Sago-palm Family, 17
Sago Pondweed, 19
St. Augustine Grass, 36
Salpingostylis, 56
Saltgrass, 26
Salt-marsh Bulrush, 44
Saltmarsh Cordgrass, 35
Saltmeadow Cordgrass, 35
Salvinia, 17
Salviniaceae, 17
Sandgrass, 36
Sand Pine, 17
Sandspurs, 24
Sansevieria, 55
Sawgrass, 39
Saw Palmetto, 46
Schizachyrium, 34
Schizaea, 12
Schizaeaceae, 12
Schoenocaulon, 52
Schoenolirion, 52
Scirpus, 44
Scirpus, 41
Scleria, 45
Scleropoa, 34
Scouring-rush, 11
Scrub Blue-eyed-grass, 56
Scrub Palmetto, 45
Sea-grasses, 21
Sea Oats, 37
Sedge Family, 37
Sedges, 37
Selaginella, 10
Selaginellaceae, 10
Sensitive Fern, 14
Serenoa, 46
Serpent Ferns, 14
Setaria, 34
Shadow-witch, 61
Shell-flower, 57
Shield Ferns, 14
Shoestring Fern, 16
Shore Rush, 50
Shortleaf Pine, 17


Signalgrasses, 23
Silver Fern, 15
Silver Ferns, 15
Silver Hairgrass, 21
Silver Palm, 45
Silver Plumegrass, 27
Sisal Hemp, 54
Sisyrinchium, 56
Six-weeks Fescue, 27
Slash Pine, 18
Slender Crabgrass, 25
Slender Wedgegrass, 35
Small Cane, 28
Smilax, 52
Smutgrass, 36
Snowy Orchid, 60
Soft Rush, 50
Solomon's-seal, 52
Sorghastrum, 35
Sorghum, 35
Sorghum, 35
Southern Cattail, 18
Southern Cutgrass, 28
Southern Naiad, 20
Southern Pickerelweed, 50
Southern Red-cedar, 18
Southern Sandspur, 24
Southern Wild-rice, 37
Spanish Bayonet, 55
Spanish Dagger, 55
Spanish-moss, 49
Sparganiaceae, 19
Sparganium, 19
Spartina, 35
Spathiger, 59
Sphenomeris, 15
Sphenopholis, 35
Sphenopsida, 11
Spenostigma, 56
Spider-lilies, 54
Spider Orchid, 58
Spiderwort Family, 49
Spiderworts, 49
Spikemosses, 10
Spikemoss Family, 10
Spike-rushes, 41
Spiranthes, 61
Spirodela, 46
Spleenworts, 13
Spoon-flower, 46
Sporobolus, 35
Sprangletops, 28







Spring Coral-root, 58
Spring-tape, 20
Spruce Pine, 18
Staghorn Clubmoss, 10
Star Duckweed, 46
Star-grasses, 54
Stemonaceae, 51
Stenanthium, 52
Stenochlaena, 15
Stenochlaena, 14
Stenophyllus, 37
Stenorrhynchus, 61
Stenotaphrum, 36
Stinkgrass, 26
Stipa, 36
Strap Ferns, 13
Striped Air-plant, 48
Sugarcane, 34
Sugarcane Plumegrass, 27
Sunnybells, 52
Swamp Fern, 13
Swamp-lily, 54
Sweet Tanglehead, 28
Switch Cane, 23
Switchgrass, 32
Sword Fern, 14
Sword Ferns, 14
Syngonanthus, 48
Syntherisma, 25, 26
Syringodium, 19

Tall Redtop, 36
Tanglehead, 28
Taxaceae, 17
Taxodiaceae, 18
Taxodium, 18
Taxus, 17
Tectaria, 15
Teosinte, 27
Texas Bluegrass, 33
Thalassia, 21
Thalia, 57
Thatch Palm, 46
Thelypteris, 15
Thelypteris, 14, 16
Themeda, 36
Three-awns, 22
Three-square Bulrush, 44
Thrinax, 46
Ticklegrass, 21
Tillandsia, 48
Tipularia, 62


Toad Rush, 50
Tofieldia, 52
Toothache Grass, 25
Torpedo Grass, 31
Torreya, 17
Tracheophyta, 10
Tracyanthus, 53
Tradescantella, 49
Tradescantia, 49
Tree Fern, 13
Triantha, 52
Trichachne, 36
Tricholaena, 34
Trichomanes, 12
Tridens, 36
Triglochin, 20
Trillium, 52
Triodia, 36
Triorchos, 59
Triphora, 62
Triplasis, 36
Tripogandra, 50
Tripsacum, 36
Trisetum, 36
Trismeria, 16
Tropidia, 62
Tufted Lovegrass, 26
Tumion, 17
Turk's-cap Lily, 51
Turtle-grass, 21
Twayblade, 60
Typha, 18
Typhaceae, 18

Umbrella Sedge, 39
Uniola, 37
Uniola, 24
Uvularia, 53

Vallisneria, 21
Valota, 36
Vanilla, 62
Vanilla, 62
Vasey Grass, 33
Venus'-hair Fern, 13
Veratrum, 53
Vine Fern, 14
Virginia Dropseed, 36
Vittaria, 16

Wakerobins, 52
Wandering Jew, 50







Water-clover, 17
Water-clover Family, 17
Water Fern, 17
Water Fern Family, 17
Water-grass, 37
Water-hyacinth, 50
Water-lettuce, 46
Watermeal, 47
Water-plantain, 20
Water-plantain Family, 20
Waterweed, 21
Websteria, 44
Weeping Lovegrass, 26
Whisk-fern, 10
White Colic-root, 51
White Fringed Orchid, 59
White .Sunnybell, 52
White-top Sedge, 41
Whorled Pogonia, 60
Widgeon-grass, 19
Wild Onion, 53
Wild-pine, 49
Wild-rice, 37
Wild Rye, 26
Wild Sarsaparilla, 52
Wild Taro, 46
Wild Yam, 55
Wiregrass, 23
Witchgrass, 29, 30
Wolffia, 47
Wolffiella, 47
Wood Fern, 16
Woodrush, 51
Woodsia, 16
Woodwardia, 16


Wool-grass, 44
Worm-vine, 62

Xyridaceae, 47
Xyris, 47

Yam Family, 55
Yams, 55
Yellow Blue-eyed-grass, 56
Yellow Canna, 57
Yellow Colic-root, 51
Yellow-eyed-grasses, 47
Yellow-eyed-grass Family, 47
Yellow Foxtail, 35
Yellow Nut Sedge, 39
Yellow Sunnybell, 52
Yew Family, 17
Yews, 17
Yucca, 55
Yucca, 55

Zamia, 17
Zannichellia, 19
Zannichelliaceae, 19
Zebrina, 50
Zephyranthes, 54
Zephyr-lilies, 54
Zeuxine, 62
Zigadenus, 53
Zingiberaceae, 57
Zizania, 37
Zizaniopsis, 37
Zoysia, 37
Zygadenus, 53














Cover Illustration


Top:

Pinus clausa, sand pine, is the characteristic tree of Florida's white-
sand-scrub habitat. Sand pine is found in many scattered areas in most
parts of the state and extends outside Florida only into coastal Alabama.

Left to right across bottom:

Sphenostigma coelestinum, Bartram's ixia, is a beautiful violet-flowered
relative of the iris which blooms for a few hours in the early morning, the
flowers withering in the full sun. Bartram's ixia, discovered by the pioneer
plant explorer William Bartram in 1766 along the St. John's River, is
known only in seven counties in northeastern Florida.

Asplenium cristatum, parsley spleenwort, is a tropical American species
found very locally in central Florida.

Lycopodium prostratum, a clubmoss, is a frequent plant of wet acid
soils in northern Florida and of the southeastern coastal plain.

Psilotum nudum, whisk-fern, is a primitive vascular plant found in
hammocks throughout peninsular Florida and in tropical areas of both
the Old and New World.

Equisetum hyemale, a horsetail or scouring-rush, is the only member
of a predominantly northern group of plants to be found in Florida. It
occurs in the state only in a few colonies along the Apalachicola River in
western Florida.

These six species represent the six major groups of plants covered
in this Checklist.


Cover design by John Beckner.










































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