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Acknowledgement | |
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Introduction | |
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Appendix |
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Front Cover
Front Cover Abstract Page i Acknowledgement Page ii Table of Contents Page iii Page iv Page v Page vi Page vii Page viii Map: principal vegetable producing areas in Florida Page ix Definitions Page x Page xi Introduction Page 1 Page 2 Tables Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 Page 8 Page 9 Page 10 Page 11 Page 12 Page 13 Page 14 Page 15 Page 16 Page 17 Page 18 Page 19 Page 20 Page 21 Page 22 Page 23 Page 24 Page 25 Page 26 Appendix Page 27 Page 28 Page 29 Page 30 Page 31 Page 32 Page 33 Page 34 Page 35 Page 36 Page 37 Page 38 Page 39 Page 40 Page 41 Page 42 Page 43 Page 44 Page 45 Page 46 Page 47 Page 48 Page 49 Page 50 Page 51 |
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Timothy G. Taylor Scott A. Smith Economic Information Report 245 Production Costs for Selected Florida Vegetables, 1987-88 Central Science Library ,JUN Fi 9oS University of Florida Food & Resource Economics Department Agricultural Experiment Stations Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 May 1988 00o 2,4s ABSTRACT Costs of production are reported for twelve vegetable crops produced in one or more of eleven production areas in Florida for the 1987-88 season. In all, twenty-three crop-area combinations are presented along with net return range analyses. Labor and machinery cost breakdowns by operation are detailed in appendix A. Keywords: budgets, cost of production, vegetables. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is the outcome of work contributed by numerous individuals. In particular the assistance of Gary Brinen, Reggie Brown, Wayne Crain, Jim Crall, Harold Dee, Jim Dilbeck, Anthony Drew, Gary Elstrom, Paul Everett, Phyllis Gilreath, Larry Halsey, Tim Hewitt, Chip Hinton, George Hochmuth, Bill Llewellyn, Chris Meline, Rick Mitchell, Cathy Neal, Steve Olson, Tom Schueneman, Ken Shuler, Bill Stall, Alto Straughn, George Talbott, Austin Tilton, and Dave Zimet is greatfully acknowledged. In addition, the authors would like to express their appreciation to the various state agencies, Florida growers and agricultural associations who contributed their technical knowledge of vegetable crop production. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract i Acknowledgements ii Table of Contents iii List of Tables iii Map of Florida Vegetable Producing Areas ix Definitions x Introduction 1 Appendix A: Cultural Labor Costs by Activity and Machinery Costs by Operation 27 List of Tables Table Page 1. Bush Beans: Estimated production costs in the Dade County Area, 1987-88. 3 2. Bush Beans: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County Area, 1987-88. 3 3. Cabbage: Estimated production costs in the Hastings Area, 1987-88. 4 4. Cabbage: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings Area, 1987-88. 4 5. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Central Florida Area, 1987-88. 5 6. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Central Florida Area, 1987-88. 5 7. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Everglades Area, 1987-88. 6 8. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Everglades Area, 1987-88. 6 9. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Central Florida Area, 1987-88. 7 10. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Central Florida Area, 1987-88. 7 11. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Everglades Area, 1987-88. 8 iii Table Page 12. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Everglades Area, 1987-88. 8 13. Cucumbers: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida Area, 1987-88. 9 14. Cucumbers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 9 15. Eggplant: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 10 16. Eggplant: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 10 17. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 11 18. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 11 19. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 12 20. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 12 21. Chip Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 13 22. Chip Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 13 23. Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 14 24. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 14 25. Summer Squash: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 15 26. Summer Squash: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 15 27. Strawberries: Estimated production costs in the Plant City area, 1987-88. 16 28. Strawberries: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Plant City area, 1987-88. 16 29. Ground Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 17 30. Ground Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 17 Table Pane 31. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 18 32. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 18 33. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated Production costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. 19 34. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Florida area, 1987-88. 19 35. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 20 36. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 20 37. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Alachua/Levy County Area, 1987-88. 21 38. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1987-88. 21 39. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 22 40. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 22 41. Watermelons: Estimated Production costs in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. 23 42. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. 23 43. Watermelons: Estimated Production costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. 24 44. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Florida area, 1987-88. 24 45. Watermelons: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 25 46. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 25 Appendix Tables Table Page A-i. Bush Beans: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 29 A-2. Bush Beans: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 29 A-3. Cabbage: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 30 A-4. Cabbage: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 30 A-5. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. 31 A-6. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. 31 A-7. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. 32 A-8. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. 32 A-9. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. 33 A-10. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. 33 A-11. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. 34 A-12. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. 34 A-13. Cucumbers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 35 A-14. Cucumbers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 35 A-15. Eggplant: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 36 A-16. Eggplant: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 36 Table Page A-17. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 37 A-18. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. 37 A-19. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 38 A-20. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. 38 A-21. Chip Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 39 A-22. Chip Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 39 A-23. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 40 A-24. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. 40 A-25. Summer Squash: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 41 A-26. Summer Squash: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 41 A-27. Strawberries: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Plant City area, 1987-88. 42 A-28. Strawberries: Summary of machine use and costs in the Plant City area, 1987-88. 42 A-29. Ground Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 43 A-30. Ground Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. 43 A-31. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 44 A-32. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. 44 A-33. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. 45 vii Table A-34. A-35. A-36. area, 1987-88. A-37. Watermelons: Summary County area, 1987-88. A-38. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-39. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-40. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-41. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-42. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-43. Watermelons: Summary 1987-88. A-44. Watermelons: Summary 1987-88. A-45. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. A-46. Watermelons: Summary area, 1987-88. of preharvest labor costs in the Alachua/Levy of machine use and costs in the Alachua/Levy County of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin of preharvest labor cost in the North Central Florida of machine use and costs in the North Central Florida of preharvest labor cost in the North Florida area, of machine use and costs in the North Florida area, of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida Page 45 46 46 PRINCIPAL VEGETABLE PRODUCING AREAS IN FLORIDA AND MAJOR VEGETABLES PRODUCED 1. West--tomatoes, watermelons 2. North A. Alachua/Levy County--watermelons B. Hastings area--potatoes, cabbage C. Jefferson County--watermelons D. Quincy area--tomatoes 3. North Central E. Lake/Sumter County--watermelons F. Zellwood area--celery, sweet corn 4. West Central G. Plant City area--strawberries H. Manatee/Ruskin area--tomatoes, watermelons 5. East Central--tomatoes, watermelons 6. Southwest--cucumbers, peppers, squash tomatoes, watermelons 7. Everglades--celery, sweet corn, lettuce, radishes, escarole 8. Southeast I. Palm Beach County--beans, cucumbers, sweet corn, eggplant, squash J. Dade County--beans, potatoes, tomatoes, Cuban vegetables -V DEFINITIONS Bactericide: includes only the cost of bactericides applied. Bees: bee hive rental when used for pollination purposes. Containers: includes cartons, crates or baskets in which the product is transported to market. Crop insurance: represents crop hail and/or multi-peril insurance. Custom work: work performed on a contract or piece rate basis. Fertilizer: includes only the cost of fertilizer (and lime) applied. Fungicide: includes only the cost of fungicides applied. Harvesting: represents the cost of harvesting the crop and preparing it for movement to the packinghouse on a per packed unit basis. Hauling: moving the produce from the field to the packinghouse or storage area. Herbicide: includes only the cost of herbicide applied. Insecticide: includes only the cost of insecticides applied. Interest cost: interest charged on production capital only. An interest rate between 11 and 12 percent was used in estimating this cost. Labor: includes field labor, tractor labor and supervisory labor used to produce the crop. Labor used for harvesting the crop is included in harvesting cost. Land rent: an estimate of the prevailing rate charged for land utilized in each production area and for each specific crop. Machinery cost: represents the cost of using farm machinery and implements exclusive of labor. This cost is reported in two subcategories: Fixed: this component includes depreciation, interest charged to capital expenditures, taxes, storage and insurance. Operating: this component includes expenditures on fuel, oil, repair and maintenance. Mobile/Moveable shed: represents all machinery costs associated with field packing a commodity. Overhead: includes indirect production costs such as office supplies, legal and audit fees, administrative costs, telephone and incidental expenses. Typically, 5 to 10 percent of preharvest cost was used to estimate overhead costs. Packing: preparing the product for shipment either in the field or at the packinghouse. Packing material: hay used in packing watermelons. Picking basket: baskets used by harvest laborers to move commodities from the field to trucks, hauling carts, or field packing units. Plastic mulch: represents only the cost of materials. Labor and machinery costs are not included. Seed: represents only seed costs. Selling: the packinghouse, market, sales organization or dealer's charge for performing the service of selling the crop. Soil fumigants: includes only the cost of fumigants applied. Supervision: cost of hired farm management. This value is based on a percent of preharvest cost and does not include returns to the owner/management. Surfactant: includes crop oils and sticker/spreaders. Transplants: includes seed and/or nursery charges. This value does not include transplanting labor or machinery. Transportation: moving the crop to a local market for sale. Wrapping paper: thin paper used to prevent damage to product caused by contact within containers. Yield: the number of marketable units produced per acre. It is not based on data surveyed during a given season. Rather it is an estimate for the current year based on historical data and other relevant information as available. INTRODUCTION This report presents estimated costs of production for twelve vegetable crops produced in one or more of eleven producing areas in Florida for the 1987-88 season. In all, twenty-three crop-area combinations are included. The budgets were constructed using the VEG-BUD fresh vegetable budget generator. Technical coefficients used in constructing the budgets were obtained by consultation with individual growers, county agents, and IFAS researchers. The input prices used in conjunction with the technical coefficients were obtained by telephone survey of farm suppliers. The budgets presented in this report are intended to reflect the cost of production incurred when production practices that are considered typical for any given crop in a given area are followed. What constitutes a typical production practice for each crop was defined by a consensus of opinion between IFAS personnel and various producers in each production area. It should be emphasized that cost estimates resulting from this process should not be considered as representing the average cost of production in a statistical sense nor should they be considered as necessarily relating to recommended production practices. Rather, the cost of production estimates presented are representative of what costs would be realized if production practices typical for a given crop and area were followed. For each crop contained in this report there are four tables that include various types of information. Two tables for each crop are presented in the text. The first reports estimated cost of production per acre and per unit and the second reports estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations. The appendix contains two additional tables for each crop that summarize preharvest labor costs by production activity and a breakdown of fixed and variable machinery and implement costs. The net return range analyses provide information on how sensitive the estimated net return for any crop is to variations in either yield per acre or price per unit. For each crop net returns are estimated for 25 price and yield combinations. The ranges for both price and yield are intended to be broad enough to include the actual season average prices and yields obtained by growers in any given area. In constructing the net return range tables, the mean yield and price around which ranges are formed correspond to the yield and breakeven price (total per unit cost of production), respectively, reported on the corresponding budget. Thus the "middle" entry in each range table should be 0.00. However, due to rounding errors, this entry will sometimes differ from 0.00 by as much as a few dollars. It should also be noted that all estimated net returns have been rounded to the nearest dollar. The appendix tables detail costs for both labor input and various types of machinery and implements. For labor, the estimated hours per acre required to perform an operation and the cost per acre are delineated. Also included is the estimated cost per acre for supervision. Machinery costs are reported for tractors, implements and a miscellaneous category. For each machine or implement, the total hours used per acre and estimated fixed and variable costs per acre are reported. Fixed machinery costs include interest cost, taxes, insurance and depreciation. Variable machinery costs include the cost of fuel and oil, and repair and maintenance. Both fixed and variable machinery costs are calculated on the basis of hours of use per acre for each machine or implement. It should be noted that tractor driver labor is not included in the variable cost of machinery, but reported as "tractor labor" in the labor cost table. Finally, in some cases, the total cost figures for various subcategories will not exactly equal the sum of individual cost components due to rounding errors. In all cases, this difference is no more than a few cents. Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (30 lb. bushels) 140 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 88.40 Fertilizer 135.77 Fungicide 44.34 Insecticide 52.23 Surfactant 8.07 Labor 99.50 Machinery 57.80 Interest 14.96 Miscellaneous Wells 23.60 Total operating cost 524.67 FIXED COSTS Land rent 150.00 Machinery 45.59 Overhead 49.37 Total fixed cost 244.96 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 769.63 5.50 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Picking and packing 546.00 3.90 Containers 175.00 1.25 Cooling 175.00 0.50 Selling 70.00 0.50 Total harvest and marketing cost 861.00 6.15 TOTAL COST 1,630.63 11.65 Table 2. Bush Beans: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 10.15 10.90 11.65 12.40 13.15 100 -370.00 -295.00 -220.00 -145.00 -70.00 120 -290.00 -200.00 -110.00 -20.00 70.00 140 -210.00 -105.00 0.00 105.00 210.00 160 -130.00 -10.00 110.00 230.00 350.00 180 -50.00 85.00 220.00 355.00 490.00 Table 1. Bush Beans: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Table 3. Cabbage: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Crate Yield (53 lb. crates) 400 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 90.00 Fertilizer and lime 152.40 Fungicide 6.75 Herbicide 24.25 Insecticide 29.96 Labor 150.46 Machinery 43.81 Interest 20.01 Miscellaneous Aerial spray 12.50 Cover crop (seed) 7.00 Irrigation 25.00 Total operating cost 562.14 FIXED COSTS Land rent 75.00 Machinery 49.71 Overhead 50.01 Total fixed cost 172.72 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 736.86 1.84 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Cut and Pack 260.00 0.65 Hauling 120.00 0.30 Selling 160.00 0.40 Containers 500.00 1.25 Total harvest and marketing cost 1,040.00 2.60 TOTAL COST 1,776.86 4.44 Table 4. Cabbage: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per crate Yield (crates) 3.94 4.19 4.44 4.69 4.94 350 -268.00 -180.00 -93.00 -5.00 82.00 375 -234.00 -141.00 -47.00 47.00 141.00 400 -201.00 -101.00 -1.00 99.00 199.00 425 -167.00 -61.00 45.00 151.00 258.00 450 -134.00 -21.00 91.00 204.00 316.00 Table 5. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Crate Yield (60 lb. crates) 675 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 360.00 Fertilizer and lime 70.69 Fungicide 114.38 Herbicide 19.51 Insecticide 164.65 Labor 301.09 Machinery 68.08 Interest 65.78 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 65.00 Custom work 50.50 Scouting 22.00 Total operating cost 1,301.68 FIXED COSTS Land rent 175.00 Machinery 73.23 Overhead 148.41 Total fixed cost 396.64 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,698.32 2.52 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick pack and close 877.50 1.30 Haul 202.50 0.30 Containers 648.00 0.96 Miscellaneous 236.25 0.35 Total harvest and marketing cost 1,964.25 2.91 TOTAL COST 3,662.57 5.43 Table 6. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combination in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per crate Yield (crates) 4.43 4.93 5.43 5.93 6.43 625 -748.00 -436.00 -123.00 189.00 502.00 650 -710.00 -385.00 -60.00 265.00 590.00 675 -672.00 -335.00 3.00 340.00 678.00 700 -634.00 -284.00 66.00 416.00 766.00 725 -596.00 -234.00 129.00 491.00 854.00 Table 7. Celery: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Crate Yield (60 lb. crates) 675 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 330.00 Fertilizer and lime 230.44 Fungicide 176.06 Herbicide 56.01 Insecticide 203.05 Labor 250.32 Machinery 91.47 Interest 80.97 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 93.00 Custom work 84.00 Scouting 22.00 Total operating cost 1,617.32 FIXED COSTS Land rent 200.00 Machinery 92.69 Overhead 182.90 Total fixed cost 475.59 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 2,092.91 3.10 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick, pack and close 877.50 1.30 Haul 202.50 0.30 Containers 648.00 0.96 Miscellaneous 236.25 0.35 Total harvest and marketing cost 1,964.25 2.91 TOTAL COST 4,057.16 6.01 Table 8. Celery: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combination in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Dollars per crate Yield (crates) 5.01 5.51 6.01 6.51 7.01 625 -780.00 -468.00 -155.00 157.00 470.00 650 -728.00 -403.00 -78.00 247.00 572.00 675 -675.00 -338.00 0.00 337.00 675.00 700 -623.00 -273.00 77.00 427.00 777.00 725 -570.00 -208.00 155.00 517.00 880.00 Table 9. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Crate Yield (42 lb. crates) 250 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 60.00 Fertilizer and lime 62.75 Fungicide 15.00 Herbicide 6.64 Insecticide 154.31 Labor 61.81 Machinery 28.68 Interest 29.83 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 15.00 Custom work 48.50 Scouting 12.50 Total operating cost 495.02 FIXED COSTS Land rent 175.00 Machinery 29.74 Overhead 66.99 Total fixed cost 271.73 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 766.75 3.07 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick and pack labor 267.50 1.07 Containers 262.50 1.05 Miscellaneous 37.50 0.15 Total harvest and marketing cost 567.50 2.27 TOTAL COST 1,334.25 5.34 Table 10. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combination in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per crate Yield (crates) 4.34 4.84 5.34 5.84 6.34 200 -353.00 -253.00 -153.00 -53.00 47.00 225 -301.00 -189.00 -76.00 36.00 149.00 250 -249.00 -124.00 1.00 126.00 251.00 275 -198.00 -60.00 77.00 215.00 353.00 300 -146.00 4.00 154.00 304.00 454.00 Table 11. Sweet Corn: Estimated production costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Crate Yield (42 lb. crates) 250 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 56.00 Fertilizer and lime 77.64 Fungicide 20.40 Herbicide 3.12 Insecticide 97.76 Labor 91.46 Machinery 50.93 Interest 30.34 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 15.50 Custom work 51.25 Scouting 10.00 Total operating cost 504.40 FIXED COSTS Land rent 175.00 Machinery 51.37 Overhead 70.04 Total fixed cost 296.41 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 800.81 3.20 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick and pack labor 375.00 1.50 Containers 225.00 0.90 Miscellaneous 50.00 0.20 Total harvest and marketing cost 650.00 2.60 TOTAL COST 1,450.81 5.80 Table 12. Sweet Corn: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combination in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Dollars per crate Yield (crates) 4.80 5.30 5.80 6.30 6.80 200 -361.00 -261.00 -161.00 -61.00 39.00 225 -306.00 -193.00 -81.00 32.00 144.00 250 -251.00 -126.00 -1.00 124.00 249.00 275 -196.00 -58.00 79.00 217.00 354.00 300 -141.00 9.00 159.00 309.00 459.00 Table 13. Cucumbers: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (55 lb. bushels) 725 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 90.00 Fertilizer and lime 315.60 Fumigant 180.00 Fungicide 94.79 Herbicide 10.15 Insecticide 37.61 Labor 470.93 Machinery 169.87 Interest 58.33 Miscellaneous Bees 6.00 Plastic mulch 195.00 Total operating cost 1,628.28 FIXED COSTS Land rent 300.00 Machinery 170.30 Overhead 204.02 Total fixed cost 674.32 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 2,302.60 3.18 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick 855.50 1.18 Haul 174.00 0.24 Pack 1,225.25 1.69 Containers 551.00 0.76 Selling 181.25 0.25 Total harvest and marketing cost 2,987.00 4.12 TOTAL COST 5,289.60 7.30 Table 14. Cucumbers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 6.30 6.80 7.30 7.80 8.30 575 -1049.00 -762.00 -474.00 -187.00 101.00 650 -886.00 -561.00 -236.00 89.00 414.00 725 -722.00 -360.00 3.00 365.00 728.00 800 -559.00 -159.00 241.00 641.00 1041.00 875 -395.00 42.00 480.00 917.00 1355.00 Table 15. Eggplant: Estimated production costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (33 lb. bushels) 2250 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 160.00 Fertilizer and lime 632.14 Fumigant 186.00 Fungicide 105.80 Herbicide 53.82 Insecticide 187.65 Surfactant 13.69 Labor 597.61 Machinery 209.80 Interest 167.27 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 203.00 Custom work 227.00 Plastic mulch 270.00 Scouting 22.00 Total operating cost 3,034.98 FIXED COST Land rent 200.00 Machinery 240.87 Overhead 330.36 Total fixed cost 771.73 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 3,806.71 1.69 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvesting 1,192.50 0.53 Mobile shed 157.50 0.07 Wrapping paper 337.50 0.15 Containers 1,687.50 0.75 Selling 787.50 0.35 Transportation 450.00 0.20 Total harvest and marketing cost 4,612.50 2.05 TOTAL COST 8,419.21 3.74 Table 16. Eggplant: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 2.74 3.24 3.74 4.24 4.74 1750 -2596.00 -1721.00 -846.00 29.00 904.00 2000 -2423.00 -1423.00 -423.00 577.00 1577.00 2250 -2250.00 -1125.00 0.00 1125.00 2250.00 2500 -2077.00 -827.00 423.00 1673.00 2923.00 2750 -1904.00 -529.00 846.00 2221.00 3596.00 Table 17. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in 1987-88. the Palm Beach County area, Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (25 lb. bushels) 875 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 86.00 Fertilizer and lime 342.00 Fungicide 124.10 Herbicide 28.50 Insecticide 449.41 Soil fumigant 186.00 Surfactant 47.40 Labor 725.64 Machinery 179.06 Interest 145.28 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 296.00 Custom work 150.00 Plastic mulch 270.00 Scouting 30.00 Total operating cost 3,059.39 FIXED COSTS Land rent 200.00 Machinery 182.24 Overhead 329.64 Total fixed cost 711.88 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 3,771.27 4.31 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Pick and pack labor 1,006.25 1.15 Mobile shed 131.25 0.15 Containers 638.75 0.73 Selling 350.00 0.40 Transportation 175.00 0.20 Total harvest and marketing cost 2,301.25 2.63 TOTAL COST 6,072.52 6.94 Table 18. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combination in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 5.94 6.44 6.94 7.44 7.94 725 -1372.00 -1009.00 -647.00 -284.00 78.00 800 -1123.00 -723.00 -323.00 77.00 477.00 875 -875.00 -438.00 0.00 437.00 875.00 950 -627.00 -152.00 323.00 798.00 1273.00 1025 -379.00 134.00 646.00 1159.00 1671.00 Table 19. Green Peppers: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (25 lb. bushels) 900 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 425.00 Fertilizer and lime 334.00 Fumigant 180.00 Fungicide 161.78 Herbicide 20.30 Insecticide 133.74 Surfactant 4.77 Labor 459.43 Machinery 186.13 Interest 140.24 Miscellaneous Crop insurance 280.00 Land leveling 300.00 Plastic mulch 195.00 Scouting 25.00 Total operating cost 2,845.39 FIXED COSTS Land rent 300.00 Machinery 184.29 Overhead 318.94 Total fixed cost 803.23 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 3,648.62 4.05 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvesting 729.00 0.81 Hauling 198.00 0.22 Packing 1,260.00 1.40 Containers 657.00 0.73 Selling 270.00 0.30 Total harvest and marketing cost 3,114.00 3.46 TOTAL COST 6,762.62 7.51 Table 20. Green Peppers: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 6.51 7.01 7.51 8.01 8.51 750 -1361.00 -986.00 -611.00 -236.00 139.00 825 -1132.00 -720.00 -307.00 105.00 518.00 900 -904.00 -454.00 -4.00 446.00 896.00 975 -675.00 -187.00 300.00 788.00 1275.00 1050 -446.00 79.00 604.00 1129.00 1654.00 Table 21. Chip Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Sack Yield (100 lb. sacks) 225 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 260.00 Fertilizer and lime 170.25 Fungicide 15.00 Herbicide 12.49 Insecticide 8.82 Nematicide 49.20 Labor 87.00 Machinery 47.86 Interest 41.41 Miscellaneous Aerial spray 12.50 Crop insurance 44.00 Cover crop (seed) 7.00 Irrigation 25.00 Seed treatment 32.50 Total operating cost 813.03 FIXED COSTS Land rent 80.00 Machinery 63.66 Overhead 68.65 Total fixed cost 212.31 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,025.34 4.56 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Digging 135.00 0.60 Grading 90.00 0.40 Hauling 33.75 0.15 Selling 56.25 0.25 Total harvest and marketing cost 315.00 1.40 TOTAL COST 1,340.34 5.96 Table 22. Chip Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per sack Yield (sacks) 5.46 5.71 5.96 6.21 6.46 175 -315.00 -271.00 -227.00 -184.00 -140.00 200 -213.00 -163.00 -113.00 -63.00 -13.00 225 -112.00 -56.00 1.00 57.00 113.00 250 -10.00 52.00 115.00 177.00 240.00 275 91.00 160.00 229.00 297.00 366.00 Table 23. Table Potatoes: Estimated production costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Sack Yield (100 lb. sacks) 200 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 210.00 Fertilizer and lime 170.25 Fumigant 49.50 Fungicide 15.00 Herbicide 28.50 Nematicide 49.20 Labor 87.00 Machinery 47.98 Interest 41.23 Miscellaneous Aerial spray 12.50 Crop insurance 40.00 Cover crop (seed) 7.00 Irrigation 25.00 Seed treatment 25.83 Total operating cost 808.99 FIXED COSTS Land rent 80.00 Machinery 65.01 Overhead 68.46 Total fixed cost 213.47 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,022.46 5.11 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Digging 120.00 0.60 Grading 268.00 1.34 Hauling 30.00 0.15 Selling 50.00 0.25 Containers 132.00 0.66 Total harvest and marketing cost 600.00 3.00 TOTAL COST 1,622.46 8.11 Table 24. Table Potatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per sack Yield (sacks) 7.61 7.86 8.11 8.36 8.61 150 -331.00 -293.00 -256.00 -218.00 -181.00 175 -216.00 -172.00 -128.00 -84.00 -41.00 200 -100.00 -50.00 0.00 50.00 100.00 225 15.00 71.00 127.00 184.00 240.00 250 130.00 193.00 255.00 318.00 380.00 Table 25. Summer Squash: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Bushel Yield (42 lb. bushels) 200 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 98.00 Fertilizer 158.80 Fungicide 163.93 Insecticide 56.41 Labor 113.40 Machinery 53.69 Interest 26.17 Miscellaneous Custom work 48.40 Wells 23.60 Total operating cost 742.40 FIXED COSTS Land rent 150.00 Machinery 50.56 Overhead 64.17 Total fixed costs 264.73 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,007.13 5.04 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvesting 370.00 1.85 Picking baskets 20.00 0.10 Hauling 30.00 0.15 Packing 150.00 0.75 Containers 250.00 1.25 Selling 100.00 0.50 Transportation 30.00 0.15 Total harvest and marketing cost 950.00 4.75 TOTAL COST 1,957.13 9.79 Table 26. Summer Squash: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per bushel Yield (bushels) 8.29 9.04 9.79 10.54 11.29 160 -441.00 -321.00 -202.00 -81.00 39.00 180 -370.00 -235.00 -101.00 35.00 170.00 200 -299.00 -149.00 0.00 151.00 301.00 220 -228.00 -63.00 101.00 267.00 432.00 240 -158.00 22.00 201.00 382.00 562.00 Table 27. Strawberries: Estimated costs of production in the Plant City area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Flat Yield (12 lb. flats) 2,000 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 1,320.00 Fertilizer and lime 293.00 Fumigant 189.80 Fungicide 492.50 Herbicide 97.38 Insecticide 451.64 Labor 149.88 Machinery 174.90 Interest 279.44 Miscellaneous Cover crop seed 35.00 Cut runners 61.00 Dump fee 20.00 Plastic mulch 324.00 Remove plastic 37.00 Transplant labor 165.00 Total operating costs 4,090.54 FIXED COSTS Land Rent 485.00 Machinery 181.75 Overhead 671.68 Total fixed costs 1,338.43 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 5,428.97 2.71 HARVEST and MARKETING COSTS Harvest labor 2,600.00 1.30 Packing shed labor 320.00 0.16 Haul 300.00 0.15 Supervision 200.00 0.10 Boxes & cups 1,600.00 0.80 Pre-cool & sell 2,600.00 1.30 Total harvest and marketing costs 7,620.00 3.81 TOTAL COST 13,048.97 6.52 Table 28. Strawberries: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Plant City area, 1987-88. Dollars per flat Yield (flats) 5.52 6.02 6.52 7.02 7.52 1600 -2693.00 -1893.00 -1086.00 -293.00 507.00 1800 -2351.00 -1451.00 -543.00 349.00 1249.00 2000 -2009.00 -1009.00 0.00 991.00 1991.00 2200 -1667.00 -567.00 543.00 1633.00 2733.00 2400 -1325.00 -125.00 1086.00 2275.00 3475.00 Table 29. Ground Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Carton Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,000 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed Fertilizer Bactericide Fumigant Fungicide Herbicide Insecticide Surfactant Labor Machinery Interest Miscellaneous Crop insurance Custom work Plastic mulch Wells Total operating cost FIXED COSTS Land rent Machinery Overhead Total fixed cost TOTAL PREHARVEST COST HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvesting Hauling Packing Containers Selling Total harvest and marketing cost TOTAL COST 200.55 298.75 73.78 202.50 118.40 45.34 201.39 36.86 610.65 154.08 127.92 235.00 115.03 183.00 23.60 2,626.85 325.00 151.99 208.31 685.30 3,312.15 630.00 70.00 1,740.00 580.00 150.00 3,170.00 6,482.15 3.31 0.63 0.07 1.74 0.58 0.15 3.17 6.48 Table 30. Ground Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per carton Yield (cartons) 5.48 5.98 6.48 6.98 7.48 600 -1926.00 -1626.00 -1325.00 -1026.00 -726.00 800 -1464.00 -1064.00 -663.00 -264.00 136.00 1000 -1002.00 -502.00 0.00 498.00 998.00 1200 -540.00 60.00 662.00 1260.00 1860.00 1400 -78.00 622.00 1325.00 2022.00 2722.00 Table 31. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Carton Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,200 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 150.00 Fertilizer and lime 310.00 Fumigant 115.00 Fungicide 133.61 Herbicide 27.20 Insecticide 244.95 Surfactant 3.23 Labor 644.62 Machinery 214.46 Interest 111.19 Micellaneous Crop insurance 215.00 Irrigation pipe 27.74 Plastic mulch 130.00 Plastic string 25.20 Replacement stakes 36.00 Total operating cost 2,388.20 FIXED COSTS Land rent 100.00 Machinery 209.15 Overhead 258.62 Total fixed cost 567.77 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 2,955.97 2.46 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and haul 996.00 0.83 Packing 1,704.00 1.42 Containers 636.00 0.53 Selling 180.00 0.15 Total harvest and marketing cost 3,516.00 2.93 TOTAL COST 6,471.97 5.39 Table 32. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Dollars per carton Yield (cartons) 3.89 4.64 5.39 6.14 6.89 800 -2188.00 -1588.00 -986.00 -388.00 212.00 1000 -1996.00 -1246.00 -493.00 254.00 1004.00 1200 -1804.00 -904.00 0.00 896.00 1796.00 1400 -1612.00 -562.00 492.00 1538.00 2588.00 1600 -1420.00 -220.00 985.00 2180.00 3380.00 Table 33. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Carton Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,200 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 165.60 Fertilizer and Lime 462.50 Fumigant 267.75 Fungicide 175.78 Herbicide 27.93 Insecticide 63.07 Surfactant 11.54 Labor 271.80 Machinery 86.45 Interest 114.38 Miscellanous Custom work 173.50 Irrigation 206.00 Plastic mulch 180.00 Replacement stakes 180.00 Twine 100.00 Total Operating Cost 2,486.30 FIXED COSTS Land rent 155.00 Machinery 92.98 Overhead 183.39 Total Fixed Cost 431.37 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 2,917.67 2.43 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and haul 948.00 0.79 Packing 2,820.00 2.35 Containers 660.00 0.55 Selling 180.00 0.15 Total harvest and marketing cost 4,608.00 3.84 TOTAL COST 7,525.67 6.27 Table 34. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per carton Yield (cartons) 5.27 5.77 6.27 6.77 7.27 800 -1774.00 -1374.00 -973.00 -574.00 -174.00 1000 -1488.00 -988.00 -487.00 12.00 512.00 1200 -1202.00 -602.00 0.00 598.00 1198.00 1400 -916.00 -216.00 486.00 1184.00 1884.00 1600 -630.00 170.00 972.00 1770.00 2570.00 Table 35. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated production costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Carton Yield (25 lb. cartons) 1,200 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 225.00 Fertilizer and lime 320.80 Fumigant 180.00 Fungicide 169.64 Herbicide 48.87 Insecticide 111.42 Labor 776.50 Machinery 257.54 Interest 156.72 Micellaneous Crop insurance 330.00 Level land 300.00 Plastic mulch 195.00 Plastic string 25.00 Remove stakes/plastic 75.00 Replacement stakes 6.00 Scouting 32.50 Total operating cost 3,209.99 FIXED COSTS Land rent 300.00 Machinery 263.08 Overhead 361.63 Total fixed cost 924.71 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 4,134.70 3.45 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and haul 636.00 0.53 Packing 1,200.00 1.00 Containers 840.00 0.70 Selling 900.00 0.75 Transportation 60.00 0.05 Total harvest and marketing cost 3,636.00 3.03 TOTAL COST 7,770.70 6.48 Table 36. Staked Tomatoes: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per carton Yield (cartons) 5.48 5.98 6.48 6.98 7.48 800 -2175.00 -1775.00 -1378.00 -975.00 -575.00 1000 -1685.00 -1185.00 -689.00 -185.00 315.00 1200 -1195.00 -595.00 0.00 605.00 1205.00 1400 -705.00 -5.00 690.00 1395.00 2095.00 1600 -215.00 585.00 1379.00 2185.00 2985.00 Table 37. Watermelons: Estimated costs of 1987-88. production in the Alachua/Levy County area, Average per Category Acre Cwt. Yield (cwts.) 300 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 10.00 Fertilizer and Lime 110.50 Fungicide 32.44 Labor 165.36 Machinery 87.76 Interest 61.17 Miscellanous Aerial spray 15.00 Bees 4.00 Total operating cost 486.23 FIXED COSTS Land rent 75.00 Machinery 123.63 Overhead 43.66 Total fixed cost 242.29 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 728.52 2.43 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and Haul 375.00 1.25 Total harvest and marketing cost 375.00 1.25 TOTAL COST 1,103.52 3.68 Table 38. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1987-88. Dollars per cwt. Yield (cwts.) 3.18 3.43 3.68 3.93 4.18 250 -246.00 -184.00 -121.00 -59.00 4.00 275 -198.00 -129.00 -60.00 8.00 77.00 300 -150.00 -75.00 0.00 75.00 150.00 325 -101.00 -20.00 61.00 142.00 224.00 350 -53.00 34.00 122.00 209.00 297.00 Table 39. Watermelons: Estimated costs of production in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Cwt. Yield (cwts.) 320 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 24.44 Fertilizer and Lime 360.00 Fungicide 105.48 Insecticide 23.25 Labor 65.56 Machinery 158.22 Interest 102.19 Miscellaneous Bees 3.60 Total operating cost 842.74 FIXED COSTS Land rent 100.00 Machinery 128.06 Overhead 67.80 Total fixed cost 295.86 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,138.60 3.56 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and pack 480.00 1.50 Packing material 9.60 0.03 Selling 320.00 1.00 Total harvest and marketing cost 809.60 2.53 TOTAL COST 1,948.20 6.09 Table 40. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Dollars per cwt. Yield (cwts.) 5.09 5.59 6.09 6.59 7.09 270 -447.00 -312.00 -178.00 -42.00 93.00 295 -383.00 -236.00 -89.00 59.00 207.00 320 -319.00 -159.00 0.00 161.00 321.00 345 -255.00 -83.00 89.00 262.00 435.00 370 -191.00 -6.00 177.00 364.00 549.00 Table 41. Watermelons: Estimated costs of production in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Cwt. Yield (cwts.) 300 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 15.13 Fertilizer and Lime 143.75 Fungicide 25.10 Insecticide 6.19 Labor 154.23 Machinery 98.60 Interest 68.91 Total operating cost 511.91 FIXED COSTS Land rent 100.00 Machinery 152.48 Overhead 69.55 Total fixed costs 322.03 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 833.94 2.78 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest and Haul 375.00 1.25 Total harvest and marketing cost 375.00 1.25 TOTAL COST 1,208.94 4.03 Table 42. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per cwt. Yield (cwts.) 3.03 3.53 4.03 4.53 5.03 250 -389.00 -264.00 -139.00 -14.00 111.00 275 -344.00 -207.00 -69.00 68.00 206.00 300 -300.00 -150.00 0.00 150.00 300.00 325 -255.00 -93.00 70.00 232.00 395.00 350 -211.00 -36.00 139.00 314.00 489.00 Table 43. Watermelons: Estimated costs of production in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Average per Category Acre Cwt. Yield (cwts.) 350 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Seed 6.69 Fertilizer and Lime 134.09 Fungicide 75.57 Insecticide 13.97 Nematicide 4.23 Labor 87.00 Machinery 55.83 Interest 53.75 Miscellaneous Air compressor 44.70 Plastic mulch 75.81 Well 50.00 Total operating cost 601.64 FIXED COSTS Land rent 55.00 Machinery 79.80 Overhead 34.13 Total fixed cost 168.93 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 770.57 2.20 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest 612.50 1.75 Total harvest and marketing cost 612.50 1.75 TOTAL COST 1,383.07 3.95 Table 44. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per cwt. Yield (cwts.) 2.95 3.45 3.95 4.45 4.95 250 -470.00 -345.00 -220.00 -95.00 30.00 300 -410.00 -260.00 -110.00 40.00 190.00 350 -350.00 -175.00 0.00 175.00 350.00 400 -290.00 -90.00 110.00 310.00 510.00 450 -230.00 -5.00 220.00 445.00 670.00 Table 45. Watermelons: Estimated costs of 1987-88. production in the Southwest Florida area, Average per Category Acre Cwt. Yield (cwts.) 340 - Dollars - OPERATING COSTS Transplants 39.00 Fertilizer and Lime 213.70 Fungicide 72.40 Insecticide 67.08 Labor 161.15 Machinery 85.25 Interest 34.58 Miscellanous Bees 6.00 Irrigation 20.10 Plastic mulch 195.00 Total operating cost 894.26 FIXED COSTS Land rent 250.00 Machinery 89.92 Overhead 119.96 Total fixed cost 459.88 TOTAL PREHARVEST COST 1,354.14 3.98 HARVEST AND MARKETING COSTS Harvest, haul and pack 510.00 1.50 Packing material 6.80 0.02 Selling 255.00 0.75 Total harvest and marketing cost 771.80 2.27 TOTAL COST 2,125.94 6.25 Table 46. Watermelons: Estimated net returns for various price and yield combinations in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per cwt. Yield (cwts.) 5.25 5.75 6.25 6.75 7.25 240 -639.00 -519.00 -399.00 -279.00 -159.00 290 -490.00 -345.00 -200.00 -55.00 90.00 340 -341.00 -171.00 -1.00 169.00 339.00 390 -192.00 3.00 198.00 393.00 588.00 440 -43.00 177.00 397.00 617.00 837.00 APPENDICES Appendix A: Cultural Labor Costs by Activity and Machinery Costs by Operation Table A-1. Bush Beans: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Irrigation 4.68 25.74 Other cultural labor 1.25 6.88 Total cultural labor 5.93 32.62 Total tractor labor 2.96 20.74 Supervision 46.14 TOTAL LABOR COST 99.50 Table A-2. Bush Beans: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 0.70 1.68 2.09 3.76 70 hp 0.87 3.16 4.21 7.37 160 hp 0.80 8.26 9.95 18.22 IMPLEMENTS 13-ft Heavy disk 0.80 9.86 10.08 19.94 4-Row fert. applicator 0.27 0.83 0.51 1.34 4-Row planter 0.27 2.40 2.88 5.28 4-Row cultivator 0.60 1.37 2.34 3.71 Sprayer 0.70 8.69 4.57 13.26 MISCELLANEOUS 117-hp Pump (truck mounted) 3.75 9.35 21.16 30.51 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 45.59 57.80 103.39 Table A-3. Cabbage: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Transplant (contract rate) 0.00 90.00 Total cultural labor 0.00 90.00 Total tractor labor 6.54 60.46 TOTAL LABOR COST 150.46 Table A-4. Cabbage: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 55 hp 0.03 0.07 0.10 0.17 70 hp 2.10 7.62 10.02 17.64 125 hp 1.98 14.84 18.26 33.10 140 hp 1.13 9.15 11.41 20.55 IMPLEMENTS 2-row harrow 0.47 0.46 0.16 0.61 V-ditcher 1.60 4.53 1.92 6.45 8-row chopper 0.40 1.85 0.21 2.06 Lister 0.10 0.66 0.02 0.67 8-row bedder 0.40 2.78 0.19 2.97 8-row cross ditcher 0.17 1.62 0.55 2.17 16-row sprayer 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.13 13-ft harrow 0.13 0.22 0.10 0.32 Nurse tank 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 8-row single disk bedder 0.07 0.46 0.03 0.50 Sidemower 1.33 3.49 0.13 3.63 Bulk spreader 0.41 0.54 0.20 0.74 4-row transplanter 0.50 1.32 0.47 1.79 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 49.71 43.81 93.52 Table A-5. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Transplant 16.75 80.40 Move irrigation pipe 6.00 28.80 Total cultural labor 22.75 109.20 Total tractor labor 4.64 34.80 Supervision 97.09 TOTAL LABOR COST 241.09 Table A-6. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 60 hp 1.00 3.21 4.04 7.25 70 hp 1.25 4.26 5.59 9.85 180 hp 1.46 15.38 18.68 34.05 IMPLEMENTS 20-ft disk 0.43 5.48 5.98 11.46 Moldboard plow 0.17 0.59 0.54 1.13 20-ft leveler 0.20 0.86 0.29 1.15 Rolling cultivator 0.25 0.54 0.33 0.86 Overhead sprayer 1.00 12.75 7.00 19.75 Herbicide sprayer 1.00 6.80 3.73 10.53 Celery transplanter 0.67 12.80 4.27 17.07 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp pump 1.00 3.44 5.35 8.78 2-ton truck 1.00 7.13 12.30 19.43 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 73.23 68.08 141.31 Table A-7. Celery: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Transplant 16.75 79.56 Move irrigation pipe 2.68 12.73 Total cultural labor 19.43 92.29 Total tractor labor 4.93 28.37 Supervision 119.66 TOTAL LABOR COST 240.32 Table A-8. Celery: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 60 hp 1.00 3.21 4.04 7.25 70 hp 1.30 4.43 5.81 10.24 225 hp 1.65 26.00 29.46 55.46 IMPLEMENTS 16-ft disk 0.38 4.12 4.50 8.63 20-ft disk 0.43 5.48 5.98 11.46 Moldboard plow 0.17 0.59 0.54 1.13 Cross ditcher 0.05 0.24 0.11 0.36 Rolling cultivator 0.25 0.54 0.33 0.86 Overhead sprayer 1.00 12.75 7.00 19.75 Herbicide sprayer 1.00 6.80 3.73 10.53 Celery transplanter 0.67 12.80 4.27 17.07 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp pump 0.50 4.04 6.26 10.28 200-hp pump 0.67 4.58 7.15 11.73 2-ton truck 1.00 7.13 12.30 19.43 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 92.69 91.47 184.16 Table A-9. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Planting 0.30 1.44 Total cultural labor 0.30 1.44 Total tractor labor 2.21 16.54 Supervision 43.83 TOTAL LABOR COST 61.81 Table A-10. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 60 hp 0.13 0.40 0.51 0.91 70 hp 0.43 1.46 1.92 3.38 80 hp 0.22 1.01 1.24 2.26 180 hp 0.99 10.40 12.63 23.03 IMPLEMENTS 20-ft disk 0.60 7.67 8.37 16.04 Moldboard plow 0.22 0.79 0.72 1.51 20-ft leveler 0.17 0.72 0.24 0.96 Rolling cultivator 0.43 0.92 0.56 1.48 Granular hopper 0.43 0.71 0.43 1.14 8-row herbicide sprayer 0.13 0.85 0.47 1.32 Corn planter 0.22 4.80 1.60 6.40 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 29.74 28.68 58.41 Table A-11. Sweet Corn: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Planting 0.30 1.43 Total cultural labor 0.30 1.43 Total tractor labor 6.98 40.14 Supervision 45.02 TOTAL LABOR COST 86.59 Table A-12. Sweet Corn: Summary of machine use and costs in the Everglades area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 60 hp 3.97 12.73 16.03 28.76 80 hp 0.18 0.83 1.02 1.85 180 hp 0.33 3.51 4.26 7.76 210 hp 0.82 11.39 13.16 24.55 Highboy 0.29 0.19 0.34 0.53 IMPLEMENTS 20-ft disk 0.33 4.26 4.65 8.91 24-ft disk 0.25 3.71 4.05 7.76 12-ft Chisel plow 0.40 1.32 0.80 2.12 20-ft leveler 0.17 0.72 0.24 0.96 Cross ditcher 0.07 0.32 0.15 0.48 Rolling cultivator 0.50 1.07 0.65 1.72 Granular hopper 3.20 5.28 3.20 8.48 8-ft mower 0.29 0.75 0.31 1.07 8-row herbicide sprayer 0.20 1.36 0.75 2.11 Corn planter 0.18 3.93 1.31 5.24 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 51.37 50.93 102.30 Table A-13. Cucumbers: Summary of 1987-88. preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Remove plastic mulch 20.00 85.00 Mark off ditches 1.33 5.65 Mark off rows 1.33 5.65 Bed and fumigate 0.67 2.85 Apply top fertilizer 0.67 2.85 Lay plastic 2.00 8.50 Make cross-ditches 7.50 31.88 Set plants 14.40 61.20 Thin plants 7.20 30.60 Water control 1.50 6.63 Other 4.00 17.00 Total cultural labor 60.60 257.81 Total tractor labor 12.74 79.65 Supervision 133.47 TOTAL LABOR COST 470.93 Table A-14. Cucumbers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 100 hp 6.94 36.40 48.35 84.76 125 hp 1.13 7.92 10.21 18.12 180 hp 2.13 22.40 28.37 50.77 IMPLEMENTS 12-ft disc 0.80 7.26 2.64 9.90 16-ft disc 1.20 12.87 4.68 17.55 14-ft leveler 0.40 1.34 0.45 1.79 Row marker 0.54 0.65 0.03 0.68 V-ditcher 0.53 1.43 0.63 2.06 14-ft reverse plow 0.60 1.19 0.43 1.62 3-Row bedder 0.53 1.35 1.06 2.41 3-Row fumigator 0.53 3.04 2.38 5.42 3-Row fert. distributor 1.06 12.50 11.11 23.61 3-Row plastic layer 0.53 4.10 3.22 7.32 1-Row hole puncher 0.70 0.39 0.16 0.55 3-Row herbicide sprayer 0.27 0.92 0.50 1.42 Sprayer 2.77 32.96 18.10 51.06 1-Row plastic lifter 0.27 0.98 0.36 1.34 MISCELLANEOUS 20-hp Diesel engine pump 8.28 5.69 9.39 15.08 100-hp Diesel engine pump 4.92 16.91 27.80 44.71 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 170.30 169.87 340.17 Table A-15. Eggplant: Summary of preharvest labor costs 1987-88. in the Palm Beach County area, Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Place plastic in rows 5.33 25.32 Bed and fumigate 0.40 1.90 Apply fertilizer 0.67 3.18 Make cross ditches 13.33 63.32 Lay plastic 1.34 6.37 Set plants 20.00 95.00 Replant 1.00 4.75 Water control 3.00 14.25 Other 12.00 57.00 Total cultural labor 57.07 271.08 Total tractor labor 19.14 110.08 Supervision 214.60 TOTAL LABOR COST -595.76 Table A-16. Eggplant: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 0.40 0.90 1.11 2.01 70 hp 10.53 35.87 47.07 82.94 100 hp 4.39 23.02 29.23 52.25 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row mower 0.40 0.96 0.60 1.56 12-ft Disc 2.24 20.33 7.39 27.72 1-Row middle buster 0.40 0.58 0.14 0.72 1-Row bedder 0.53 0.59 0.36 0.95 1-Row bed presser 0.53 0.20 0.16 0.36 1-Row fumigator 0.53 1.35 1.06 2.41 1-Row fert. distributor 1.06 8.57 7.61 16.19 I-Row cross ditcher 0.53 1.15 0.54 1.69 I-Row plactic layer 0.53 1.98 1.32 3.31 1-Row hole puncher 0.40 0.23 0.09 0.32 2-Row herbicide sprayer 0.80 2.04 1.12 3.16 Sprayer 8.00 95.20 52.27 147.47 1-Row plastic lifter 0.27 0.98 0.36 1.34 Baler 0.16 2.30 0.77 3.07 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 8.51 29.26 45.51 74.76 30-hp Electric pump 13.97 15.36 8.61 23.98 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 240.87 205.32 446.19 Table A-17. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Palm Beach County area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Pull plastic 5.33 25.32 Bed and fumigate 0.40 1.90 Fertilize 1.00 4.75 Lay plastic 1.00 4.75 Prepare plug mix 3.00 14.25 Plant 30.00 142.50 Thin plants 20.00 95.00 Water control 2.50 11.88 Other 25.00 118.75 Total cultural labor 88.23 419.09 Total tractor labor 15.81 90.90 Supervision 213.23 TOTAL LABOR COST 723.22 Table A-18. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Palm Beach County area,1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 1.60 3.59 4.43 8.02 70 hp 8.81 30.01 39.38 69.38 100 hp 2.24 11.75 14.93 26.68 IMPLEMENTS I-Row mower 0.40 0.96 0.60 1.56 12-ft Disc 1.28 11.62 4.22 15.84 1-Row middle buster 0.40 0.58 0.14 0.72 1-Row bedder 0.80 0.90 0.54 1.44 1-Row fumigator 0.80 2.04 1.60 3.64 1-Row fert. distributor 0.80 6.03 5.36 11.39 I-Row cross-ditcher 0.80 1.73 0.82 2.55 I-Row plastic layer 0.80 3.00 2.00 5.00 1-Row hole puncher 0.80 0.45 0.18 0.63 2-Row herbicide sprayer 0.80 2.04 1.12 3.16 Sprayer 5.08 60.43 33.18 93.61 1-Row plastic lifter 0.53 1.92 0.70 2.62 Baler 0.16 2.30 0.77 3.07 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 7.27 25.00 38.89 63.89 Mixer 1.00 4.73 18.25 22.98 30-hp Electric pump 11.97 13.17 7.38 20.55 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 182.24 174.49 356.73 Table A-19. Green Peppers: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Remove plastic 9.00 38.25 Bed, fumig. and top fert. 0.40 1.70 Make cross ditches 3.50 14.88 Lay plastic 1.20 5.10 Set plants 12.00 51.00 Replant 2.00 8.50 Water control 2.50 10.63 Other 10.00 42.50 Total cultural labor 40.60 172.55 Total tractor labor 12.52 78.23 Supervision 208.65 TOTAL LABOR COST 459.43 Table A-20. Green Peppers: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Desciption Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 100 hp 7.29 38.27 50.83 89.10 125 hp 0.80 5.62 7.24 12.86 180 hp 1.92 20.20 25.59 45.78 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row mower 0.40 0.96 0.60 1.56 16-ft Disk 0.96 10.30 3.74 14.04 V-Ditcher 0.32 0.86 0.38 1.25 14-ft Reverse plow 0.32 0.63 0.23 0.86 3-Row bed fertilizer 0.32 1.78 1.40 3.17 3-Row fumigator 0.32 1.83 1.44 3.27 3-Row fert. distributor 0.32 3.78 3.36 7.14 3-Row cross-ditcher 0.32 1.55 0.73 2.28 3-Row plastic layer 0.32 2.48 1.95 4.43 3-Row plant setter 0.80 2.02 0.60 2.61 2-Row herbicide sprayer 0.64 1.63 0.90 2.53 Sprayer 4.79 57.04 31.31 88.35 I-Row plastic lifter 0.50 1.82 0.66 2.48 MISCELLANEOUS 20-hp Diesel engine pump 12.41 8.53 14.07 22.60 100-hp Diesel engine pump 7.27 25.00 41.12 66.12 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 184.29 186.13 370.42 Table A-21. Chip Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Cut seed 0.50 2.50 Total cultural labor 0.50 2.50 Total tractor labor 9.14 84.50 TOTAL LABOR COST 87.00 Table A-22. Chip Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 55 hp 0.20 0.56 0.75 1.31 70 hp 5.48 19.93 26.20 46.13 125 hp 0.79 5.92 7.28 13.20 140 hp 0.83 6.78 8.46 15.25 IMPLEMENTS 2-row harrow 0.24 0.23 0.08 0.31 V-ditcher 2.40 6.80 2.88 9.68 8-row chopper 0.47 2.16 0.25 2.40 Lister 0.10 0.66 0.02 0.67 8-row bedder 0.47 3.24 0.22 3.47 8-row cross ditcher 0.21 1.94 0.66 2.60 4-row potato planter 0.14 2.61 0.04 2.66 8-row boom sprayer 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.38 16-row sprayer 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.13 Bulk spreader 0.50 0.66 0.25 0.91 13-ft harrow 0.13 0.22 0.10 0.32 Elevator 0.03 0.33 0.02 0.34 Nurse tank 0.17 0.22 0.01 0.23 8-row single disk bedder 0.08 0.58 0.04 0.62 Potato cutter 0.23 3.54 0.14 3.68 Sidemower 2.67 6.99 0.27 7.25 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 63.66 47.86 111.51 Table A-23. Table Potatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Cut seed 0.50 2.50 Total cultural labor 0.50 2.50 Total tractor labor 9.14 84.50 TOTAL LABOR COST 87.00 Table A-24. Table Potatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Hastings area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 55 hp 0.20 0.56 0.75 1.31 70 hp 5.48 19.93 26.20 46.13 125 hp 0.79 5.92 7.28 13.20 140 hp 0.83 6.78 8.46 15.25 IMPLEMENTS 2-row harrow 0.24 0.23 0.08 0.31 V-ditcher 2.40 6.80 2.88 9.68 8-row chopper 0.47 2.16 0.25 2.40 Lister 0.10 0.66 0.02 0.67 8-row bedder 0.47 3.24 0.22 3.47 8-row cross ditcher 0.21 1.94 0.66 2.60 4-row potato planter 0.14 2.61 0.04 2.66 8-row boom sprayer 0.16 0.22 0.16 0.38 16-row sprayer 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.13 Bulk spreader 0.50 0.66 0.25 0.91 13-ft harrow 0.13 0.22 0.10 0.32 4-row fumigator 0.17 0.51 0.06 0.57 Span piler 0.01 0.84 0.07 0.91 Elevator 0.03 0.33 0.02 0.34 Nurse tank 0.17 0.22 0.01 0.23 8-row single disk bedder 0.08 0.58 0.04 0.62 Potato cutter 0.23 3.54 0.14 3.68 Sidemower 2.67 6.99 0.27 7.25 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 65.01 47.98 112.99 Table A-25. Summer Squash: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Seed and fertilize 0.22 1.21 Cultivate 0.99 5.45 Irrigate 3.76 20.68 Total cultural labor 4.97 27.34 Total tractor labor 3.73 26.08 Supervision 59.98 TOTAL LABOR COST 113.40 Table A-26. Summer Squash: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 1.20 2.87 3.58 6.45 70 hp 0.98 3.56 4.74 8.31 160 hp 0.80 8.26 9.95 18.22 IMPLEMENTS 13-ft Heavy disc 0.80 9.86 10.08 19.94 4-Row fert. applicator 0.98 3.00 1.86 4.86 4-Row planter 0.18 1.59 1.92 3.51 Sprayer 1.20 14.90 7.84 22.12 4-Row cultivator 0.80 1.83 3.12 4.95 MISCELLANEOUS 117-hp Pump (truck mounted) 1.88 4.68 10.60 15.28 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 50.56 53.69 104.25 Table A-27. Strawberries: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Plant City area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Lay plastic 4.00 19.00 Total cultural labor 4.00 19.00 Total tractor labor 21.81 130.88 TOTAL LABOR COST 149.88 Table A-28. Strawberries: Summary of machine use and costs in the Plant City area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 35 hp 8.64 18.25 22.38 40.63 75 hp 5.81 33.05 36.85 69.90 110 hp 3.00 19.70 24.28 43.98 IMPLEMENTS 12-ft disk 2.00 19.36 6.60 25.96 Roterra 0.67 16.43 7.47 23.89 Broadcast spreader 0.31 0.40 0.15 0.56 Row marker 0.14 0.18 0.01 0.19 Boom sprayer 8.00 11.33 8.00 19.33 Sprayer 1.00 12.41 6.53 18.95 2-row bed presser 1.00 0.53 0.40 0.93 2-row herbicide sprayer 1.33 3.55 1.87 5.41 1-row fumigator 1.00 2.66 2.00 4.66 1-row hole puncher 0.33 0.22 0.14 0.36 Band fertilizer distributor 0.67 9.44 8.00 17.44 1-row plastic layer 1.00 3.97 2.50 6.47 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 8.25 30.25 47.73 77.98 TOTAL MACHINERY COST -181.75 174.90 356.65 Table A-29. Ground Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Frost protection 1.50 8.25 Fumigate and lay plastic 2.50 13.75 Haul plastic 1.00 5.50 Pull plastic 6.25 34.38 Other cultural 15.00 82.50 Plant 2.00 11.00 Prepare plug mix 0.50 2.75 Prune plants 25.00 137.50 Supplemental fertilizer 0.33 1.82 Thin plants 6.25 34.38 Total cultural labor 60.33 331.82 Total tractor labor 12.02 84.14 Supervision 194.69 TOTAL LABOR COST 610.65 Table A-30. Ground Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Dade County area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 6.26 14.98 18.66 33.64 70 hp 2.03 7.38 9.82 17.20 160 hp 1.33 13.71 16.50 30.21 IMPLEMENTS 13 ft. Heavy disk 1.07 13.14 13.44 26.58 1-Row mower 0.20 0.52 0.60 1.12 1-Row plastic cutter 0.20 0.08 0.01 0.09 2-Row herbicide sprayer 1.20 3.19 1.68 4.87 3-Row bedder 0.13 0.69 1.56 2.25 3-Row fert. distributor 0.40 4.96 4.20 9.16 3-Row fumigator 0.20 1.20 1.80 3.00 3-Row middle buster 0.13 0.31 0.35 0.66 3-Row scrapper 0.20 0.26 0.45 0.71 3-Row shanks 0.10 0.26 0.12 0.38 3-Row tomato planter 0.80 19.95 24.00 43.95 Sprayer 4.26 52.86 27.82 80.69 Baler 0.13 2.04 0.62 2.67 Fertilizer tender 0.40 3.54 3.00 6.54 Side hole puncher 0.20 0.40 0.45 0.85 MISCELLANEOUS 117-hp Pump (truck mounted) 4.22 10.53 23.82 34.35 2-Ton truck 0.20 1.35 2.48 3.83 Mixer 0.13 0.64 2.69 3.33 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 151.99 154.08 306.07 Table A-31. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Apply cricket bait 1.00 4.50 Drive stakes 4.00 18.00 Irrigate 2.50 11.25 Prune plants 3.50 15.75 Remove plastic 10.00 45.00 Remove stakes 8.00 36.00 Replant 1.00 4.50 Set plants 3.00 13.50 Set stakes 8.80 39.60 Tie plants 18.00 81.00 Other 25.00 112.50 Total cultural labor 84.80 381.60 Total tractor labor 17.06 93.83 Supervision 169.19 TOTAL LABOR COST -644.62 Table A-32. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 70 hp 0.82 2.79 3.79 6.59 100 hp 10.83 56.81 74.51 131.33 150 hp 2.00 16.01 20.84 36.84 IMPLEMENTS 13-ft Heavy disk 1.60 18.48 6.72 25.20 14-ft Leveler 0.40 1.34 0.45 1.79 1-Row bedder 0.32 0.36 0.22 0.58 1-Row fert. distributor 0.64 5.18 4.60 9.80 1-Row fumigator 0.32 0.82 0.64 1.46 1-Row plastic layer 0.32 1.20 0.80 2.00 1-Row plant setter 0.80 0.94 0.28 1.22 2-Row gas burner 0.80 3.82 2.83 6.65 2-Row herbicide sprayer 0.72 2.62 1.44 4.06 2-Row hiller 0.32 0.77 0.19 0.96 4-Row stake drivers 0.80 7.39 3.58 10.97 Ditch plow 0.32 0.29 0.11 0.40 Row marker 0.32 0.38 0.02 0.40 Sprayer 3.84 45.70 25.09 70.79 Stake wagon 0.50 0.48 0.16 0.64 V-Board 0.32 0.38 0.10 0.48 V-Ditcher 1.00 2.70 1.20 3.90 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 10.18 34.99 56.66 91.65 2-Ton truck 0.80 5.70 10.24 15.94 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 209.15 214.46 423.61 Table A-33. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Pump operator 3.30 14.85 Soil preparation and bedding 4.80 21.60 Staking and driving 6.40 28.80 Transplanting 4.80 21.60 Total cultural labor 19.30 86.85 Total tractor labor 13.38 60.19 Supervision 124.76 TOTAL LABOR COST 271.80 Table A-34. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 9.90 23.70 29.17 52.86 85 hp 0.80 3.94 4.92 8.86 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row bedder 0.80 0.96 0.54 1.50 1-Row bed presser 1.59 0.63 0.48 1.11 1-Row fumigator 0.80 2.13 1.60 3.73 1-Row fert. distributor 1.59 12.55 10.63 23.18 1-Row plastic layer 1.59 6.30 3.97 10.27 3-Row plant setter 0.80 2.11 0.60 2.71 3-Row herb. sprayer 7.50 26.60 14.00 40.60 Stake wagon 0.80 0.84 0.26 1.09 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 3.33 12.22 19.28 31.51 Truck 10.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 TOTAL MACHINERY COST -- 92.98 86.45 179.43 Table A-35. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Lay plastic/cross ditch 20.00 85.00 Transplant and reset 13.43 57.08 Staking 17.91 76.12 Prune 14.94 63.50 Tieing 23.88 101.49 Hand cultivate 5.97 25.37 Total cultural labor 96.13 408.55 Total tractor labor 21.02 131.37 Supervision 236.58 TOTAL LABOR COST -776.50 Table A-36. Staked Tomatoes: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 100 hp 13.22 69.34 92.10 161.44 125 hp 2.00 14.04 18.10 32.14 180 hp 1.60 16.83 21.32 38.15 IMPLEMENTS 12-ft Disk 1.60 14.52 5.28 19.80 3-Row bedder 0.32 0.81 0.64 1.45 3-Row fert. distributor 0.32 3.77 3.35 7.13 3-Row fumigator 0.80 4.59 3.60 8.19 3-Row middle buster 0.40 0.90 0.36 1.26 3-Row plant setter 1.59 4.00 1.19 5.19 3-Row plastic layer 0.80 6.21 4.87 11.07 6-Row herbicide sprayer 2.13 10.85 5.96 16.81 6-Row stake driver 1.59 14.67 7.11 21.78 Sprayer 5.27 62.76 34.46 97.21 Stake wagon 0.80 0.77 0.26 1.02 V-Ditcher 1.20 3.24 1.44 4.68 MISCELLANEOUS 20-hp Diesel engine pump 12.41 8.53 14.07 22.60 100-hp Diesel engine pump 7.27 25.00 41.12 66.12 1-Ton truck 0.40 2.25 2.33 4.58 TOTAL MACHINERY COST --- 263.08 257.54 520.62 Table A-37. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Hoe 3.00 13.50 Irrigation operator 20.00 90.00 Turn vines 3.00 13.50 Total cultural labor 26.00 117.00 Total tractor labor 9.67 48.36 TOTAL LABOR COST 165.36 Table A-38. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Alachua/Levy County area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 1.78 4.26 5.08 9.34 70 hp 5.00 18.17 23.12 41.29 125 hp 0.96 7.18 8.57 15.74 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row bedder 0.25 0.30 0.17 0.47 1-Row fert. distributor 0.39 3.39 2.87 6.26 1-Row planter 0.29 3.55 1.41 4.95 1-Row cultivator 0.86 4.27 1.95 6.21 Chisel plow 0.25 0.88 0.50 1.38 12-ft disc 0.29 2.77 0.94 3.71 Tandem disk harrow 0.25 2.64 0.90 3.54 Spring tooth harrow 0.13 1.10 0.50 1.60 Moldboard plow 0.33 1.26 1.08 2.34 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp diesel engine pump 5.00 18.33 27.83 46.16 Traveling gun rig 5.00 47.23 12.22 59.45 PTO pump 5.00 8.31 0.63 8.94 TOTAL MACHINERY COST -- 123.63 87.76 211.39 Table A-39. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Hoe 2.00 8.00 Replant 4.00 16.00 Total cultural labor 6.00 24.00 Total tractor labor 7.56 41.56 TOTAL LABOR COST -65.56 Table A-40. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Manatee/Ruskin area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 0.20 0.45 0.57 1.02 85 hp 2.40 11.09 14.32 25.41 100 hp 2.78 14.58 19.12 33.69 320 hp 0.67 15.81 18.04 33.84 IMPLEMENTS 6-ft Weed chopper 0.67 1.84 1.15 2.99 12-ft Disc 1.60 14.52 5.28 19.80 14-ft Leveler 0.20 0.67 0.22 0.89 V-ditcher 0.20 0.54 0.24 0.78 1-Row bedder 0.33 0.37 0.23 0.60 1-Row fert. distributor 1.00 7.76 6.90 14.66 6-Row herbicide sprayer 1.60 8.16 4.48 12.64 1-Row planter 0.44 5.13 2.19 7.32 MISCELLANEOUS 100-hp Diesel engine pump 14.29 47.14 85.49 132.63 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 128.06 158.22 286.28 Table A-41. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Hoe 8.00 35.04 Irrigation operator 2.24 9.81 Move irrigation 1.36 5.96 Turn vines 2.00 8.76 Total cultural labor 13.60 59.57 Total tractor labor 15.15 94.66 TOTAL LABOR COST 112.57 Table A-42. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the North Central Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 2.00 4.79 5.82 10.61 70 hp 5.33 19.38 25.15 44.54 100 hp 4.78 26.77 33.55 60.32 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row bedder 0.33 0.40 0.23 0.63 Broadcast spreader 1.50 1.97 0.75 2.72 1-Row planter 1.00 12.42 4.92 17.34 I-Row riding cultivator 1.00 0.44 0.02 0.46 16-ft disc 0.45 5.15 1.76 6.91 12-ft disc 0.50 4.84 1.65 6.49 6-Row herb sprayer 2.50 13.30 7.00 20.30 Moldboard plow 1.00 3.78 3.23 7.01 MISCELLANEOUS Cable tow traveling gun 5.33 50.38 13.04 63.41 PTO pump 5.33 8.87 0.67 9.53 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 152.48 97.78 250.26 Table A-43. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Move irrigation 4.00 18.00 Pull mulch 3.00 13.50 Thin 2.00 9.00 Turn vines 2.00 9.00 Total cultural labor 11.00 49.50 Total tractor labor 7.50 37.50 TOTAL LABOR COST -87.00 Table A-44. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the North Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 40 hp 0.35 0.84 1.06 1.90 70 hp 2.00 7.27 9.86 17.13 85 hp 1.70 8.38 10.78 19.15 125 hp 1.95 14.60 18.50 33.10 IMPLEMENTS 1-Row plastic layer 0.45 1.79 1.13 2.91 1-Row planter 0.35 4.34 1.72 6.06 1-Row cultivator 0.50 2.49 1.14 3.63 8-Row sprayer 0.75 0.99 0.39 1.38 Chisel plow 0.45 1.59 0.90 2.49 12-ft disc 1.05 10.15 3.46 13.62 16-ft disc 0.45 5.15 1.76 6.91 Hose reel/gun/trailer 2.00 18.89 4.89 23.78 PTO pump 2.00 3.33 0.25 3.58 TOTAL MACHINERY COST -79.80 55.83 135.63 Table A-45. Watermelons: Summary of preharvest labor costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Operation Hours per acre Dollars per acre CULTURAL LABOR Thin and Hoe 5.00 21.25 Total cultural labor 5.00 21.25 Total tractor labor 9.83 61.42 Supervision 78.48 TOTAL LABOR COST 161.15 Table A-46. Watermelons: Summary of machine use and costs in the Southwest Florida area, 1987-88. Dollars per acre Description Hours per acre Fixed Variable Total TRACTORS 70 hp 2.27 7.72 10.62 18.34 100 hp 3.76 19.74 26.22 45.96 160 hp 1.83 17.76 22.16 39.92 IMPLEMENTS 12-ft disc 1.33 12.10 4.40 16.50 Row marker 0.40 0.48 0.02 0.50 1-row bedder 0.67 0.75 0.45 1.20 1-row bed presser 0.33 0.13 0.10 0.23 1-row fumigator 0.33 0.85 0.67 1.52 1-row fertilizer distributor 1.20 9.50 8.44 17.94 1-row plastic layer 0.33 1.25 0.83 2.08 1-row plant setter 0.33 0.39 0.12 0.51 6-row herbicide sprayer 3.43 17.49 9.60 27.09 Moldboard plow 0.50 1.77 1.61 3.39 TOTAL MACHINERY COST 89.92 85.25 175.16 |