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Jewish Unity ( September 15, 1933 )

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MISSING IMAGE

Material Information

Title:
Jewish Unity
Physical Description:
Newspaper
Creator:
Jewish Unity
Publication Date:

Subjects

Genre:
newspaper   ( sobekcm )
Spatial Coverage:
United States -- Florida -- Dade -- Miami
Coordinates:
25.787676 x -80.224145 ( Place of Publication )

Record Information

Source Institution:
The Isser and Rae Price Library of Judaica
Holding Location:
The Isser and Rae Price Library of Judaica
Rights Management:
All applicable rights reserved by the source institution and holding location.
Resource Identifier:
ltqf - AAA0452
System ID:
UF00001405:00001

MISSING IMAGE

Material Information

Title:
Jewish Unity
Physical Description:
Newspaper
Creator:
Jewish Unity
Publication Date:

Subjects

Genre:
newspaper   ( sobekcm )
Spatial Coverage:
United States -- Florida -- Dade -- Miami
Coordinates:
25.787676 x -80.224145 ( Place of Publication )

Record Information

Source Institution:
The Isser and Rae Price Library of Judaica
Holding Location:
The Isser and Rae Price Library of Judaica
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THE JEWISH UNITY

Vol. 8, No. 1. 15c Each Copy September 15, 1933


[Happy New Year9

May the Jewish spirit of loyalty to God so envelop
the Jews of this city and of all cities that there be a
real JEWISH UNITY here from now on through the
year and throughout all the years to come.
May this be a year of health, of happiness, of
success.
May it be a year of noble achievement in every line
of human endeavor.
May it be a year of peace throughout the Avorld.
May it be a year of good will among all the children
of men.
THE JEWISH UNITY
Ellard G. Kohn, Publisher.


IN THIS ISSUE
WHAT KIND OF A JEW ARE YOU?
(Editorial
NAZIDOM IN THE UNITED STATES
By Klaus Meyer
SHALL WE ENCOURAGE SEPARATE YOUTH SERVICES?
By Dr. Harry I. Comins
THE CHURCHES AND CRIME
By Everett R. Clinchy
A REVIEW OF LIBERAL JUDAISM
By Victor Emanuel Reichert
HITLER'S DAY BY DAY RECORD OF PERSECUTIONS
By Joel Berne
ANTI-SEMITISM AND HOW TO MEET IT
By Rabbi Morris Lichtenstein


FLORIDA'S LEADING JEWISHI PUBLICATION
9








r,



A MONG the greatest achievements of the Jew-
ish people has been the preservation of their
habits, customs, religion and literature through
all ages, among many nations an achieve-
ment unparalleled by any other people in his-
tory. They have made a substantial contribu-
tion toward the progress of our modern civil-
ization.
It is our privilege to say-
LE SHONO TOVO TICOSEVU!

POWER1`



AR ,



1933 5394





FR AY THE sound of
BARCLAY H. the shofar be a response to
WARBURTON
President our prayers and the days of
the New Year unfold for
you and yours the best the
JOSEPH E. days can give.
WIDENER
Chairman
of the Board Zhe Miami Jorkl lub

At 'ialeal pjark
45 DAYS OF HORSE RACING
January 25th Thru March 17th, 1934







PUBLISHED ONCE ELLARD G. KOHN
PUBLISHER
EACH MONTHE JEWISH UNITY ELLAPUBLIOHN


EXECUTIVE OFFICE "Florida's Leading Jewish Publication" Entered as second class matter
701 Professional Bldg. Founded 1927 October 16, 1931, at the post office
at Miami, Florida, under the act
Phone 23522 Subscription Rates, $1.50 Per Year, in Advance of March 3, 1879.

Volume 8 Miami, Florida, September 15, 1933 Number 1






What Kind of a Jew Are You?

(Editorial)


IN THE six years that the Jewish Unity has been
published one fact stands out. If the Jewish
Unity were to depend upon Jewish people alone for
its financial support, there would be no Jewish
Unity.

Witness the lack of greetings from Jewish people
on this, the Jewish New Year, in these columns.

Each year the representatives of the Jewish
Unity suffer the embarrassment of having their at-
tention called to the lack of advertisements from
Jewish owned business firms.

If the Jews, themselves, do not respect their own
holiday customs and support their own publication,
how can their Non-Jewish friends be expected to
have confidence in this magazine?

The Jewish Unity, since 1927, has devoted its
every interest in defense of Jewish rights. It has
reflected credit on the Jewish community by its
dignified stand in Civic, Political and Religious mat-
ters.


EWISH pride is not merely a matter of defending
the good Jewish name in social intercourse. It
goes deeper. It necessitates a respectful attitude
toward everything bearing the name, Jewish. It
demands dignified carriage in business. It means
that every Jew must always bear in mind that his
actions are a gauge by which his bretheren are
judged and weighed in the balance.


You merchants must realize that there is not
one exception among you. Your advertising should
appear consistently in the columns of the Jewish
Unity.

You Jewish people should expect to see the ad-
vertisements of these merchants in your magazine,
and you should patronize those merchants who
think enough of your business to make a special ef-
fort to reach you.

Subscriptions to the Jewish Unity are so low
in cost that there is not one family in Florida which
cannot afford to receive this magazine.


THERE are Jews to whom Judaism means a great
deal. There are Jews to whom Judaism means
nothing. In the eyes of the world both are re-
garded alike. THEY ARE JEWS

That is why, regardless of the religious inclina-
tion of the individual, he must always bear in mind
his forbears and his fellow Jews of today and con-
duct himself in accordance.

The above is a presentation of facts, gleaned
from years of experience. It is NOT an appeal for
Charity. Every thought and action of the Jewish
Unity is in your behalf, to your interests, your wel-
fare.

The Jewish Unity is justified in awaking you to
the realization that only through this medium will
Florida Jewry ever present a united front to their
contemporaries.







The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


Nazidom in the United States

By KLAUS MEYER


IN 1929 the National Socialist Party
Attained such proportions in Germany
as to command the attention of the
world. A year later, when its forces were
sufficiently strengthened within Ger-
many itself, its leadership decided to ex-
pand the activities of the organization
and to found Nazi colls in other lands.
At this point there were founded in the
United States the nucloi for the present
Nazi organization which functions in
many cities throughout the country.
The National Socialist theory did not
fall on virgin soil. For many years there
had been ardent adherents of the Hitler
code, who made it their business to dis-
seminate the Nazi theories to the ex-
tent possible. Even at this date these
persons were in active contact with the
Fichto Bund, the official center for dis-
tribution of Nazi literature and infor-
mation to foreign countries whose head-
quarters are located in Germany. Or-
ders were directly conveyed to the
American sympathizers from Nazi head-
quarters in Germany, and were carried
out to the letter.
At this period, the leader of the Amer-
ican faction was a mechanic, George
Stolzenfels. The latter's efforts, how-
ever, to establish Nazi centers through-
out the country, failed of realization.
Finding this unsatisfactory, central Nazi
headquarters in Germany turned over
the directorship of the American activi-
ties to Paul Manger. Mr. Manger un-
dertook not only to form parallel units
of the German Nazi organization of the
United States, but to organize storm
troops as well. Propaganda material was
forwarded from Germany and distri-
buted in the local centers. Provided
with but meager funds, the activities
of the organization were limited and its
propaganda sparce. For four years
Nazi affairs in the United States were
conducted under Manger's leadership
and with no very wide results. Hilter's
ascension to power on January 30th,
1933, completely changed the situation
in the United States. A new impetus
was given the organization. Large
funds, new forces, greater propaganda
material and a new regimen were intro-
duced almost immediately. Dissensions
within the party were promptly dissolved
and an active organization with an iron
discipline replaced the rather slip-shod


This article is made available to our
readers through the courtesy of the
American Jewish Congress.-The Editor.




body which had preceded Hilter's rise
to the Chancellorship.

LATE in March orders from the Ger-
man government called for the disso-
lution of this official branch of the Na-
tional Socialist Party of Germany. The
leaders were recalled, including Paul
Manager, who now, incidently, occupies
a fairly prominent position in the Ger-
man Nazi organization. The official
dissolution of the Nazi organization,
however, only served as a pretext. It
did not mean the end of Nazi activities
in the United States with the sanction
and the subvention of the German au-
thorities. A new organization was im-
mediately set up upon orders from
abroad, carrying the name of the
"League of the Friends of New Ger-
many," the leadership entrusted to Paul
Paulson. The Aryanization tactics were
inaugurated. Members were recruited
not only from the German colony but
from "pure" Americans. Active mem-
bership, however, was limited to Ger-
mans while the Americans were re-
stricted to contributing membership
status. Officially the organization had
no status as far as the Nationalist So-
cialist Party was concerned. Actually
not a single stop is undertaken without
the knowledge and approval of National
Socialist headquarters in Germany, while
the leaders of the American group are
subjected to the strictest Nazi party dis-
cipline.
After the initial steps in setting up
the organization had been carried
through by Paulson, the active propa-
ganda work was entrusted to Erich
Wiegand who had been well schooled
in Nazi methods in Germany. One
of Weigand's first steps was to attempt
to secure a daily propaganda organ in
German. Unwilling to finance the set
up of a new paper, Weigand approach-
ed the New York Staatsezeiting with
the plan of converting it into a Nazi
organ. The editor of that paper ex-
plained, however, that the Staatszeitung
could not officially become a Nazi or-
gan as it would lose all of its Jewish
advertising on which the finances were


largely dependent. In this connection
it might be noted the Staatszeitung
publishers, Bernard and Victor Ridder,
have since committed themselves and
the paper to definite pro-Hilter sym-
pathies.

TO DATE, Weigand has not been able
to publish a daily organ. Failing this,
however, local Nazis were able to es-
tablish a series of weekly publications
financed by Germans of means. Lead-
ing in this undertaking is Eugene Heiss.
The first weekly published is America's
Deutsche Post. The paper's policy is
dedicated to unleashing propaganda to
counteract the impression made upon in-
telligent public opinion by the policy
of oppression pursued by the Hitler gov-
ernment against the Jews. America's
Deutsche Post is actively engaged in
fostering a boycott movement against
Americans firms in retaliation, as it ex-
plains, for the boycott movement initi-
ated against German products by the
Jews as a protest against the discrim-
ination of their co-religionists in Ger-
many. This publication has been sup-
plemented with an English edition called
the American Observer, whose efforts
are directed at securing American con-
verts to the cause of anti-semitism.
Most recently a third publication has
been added in New York City known as
"Die Ruecke."
This newest organ was founded with
the assistance of a Park Avenue physi-
cian, Dr. Griebl, but may be regarded
as the latest output of the "Friends of
New Germany" although it is labelled
as the organ of the German Legion.
The adherents of the "Friends of New
Germany" are largely recruited from the
lower middle-classes, dissatisfied petty
tradesmen, clerks, mechanics, servant-
girls and unemployed. Erich Weigand
is their agitatory genius. Much in de-
mand as a speaker, his services are sup-
plemented by a speakers' bureau, the
representatives of which are available
for meetings throughout the country.
The organization meets regularly in
New York City every Friday night in
Kreutzerhalle located on East 86th
Street. When the organization was first
formed, attendance at the meetings was
restricted to members only. Now, how-
ever, they are open to the general pub-
lic and are attended by some 150 to 200
people weekly.


Page Four







September 15, 1933


The JEWISH UNITY


Every member of the "Friends of
New Germany" is required to bring as
many visitors to these meetings as pos-
sible in order that they may have Nazi
ideas instilled in them. Erich Wiegand
is usually the speaker of the evening,
and his addresses are followed by dis-
cussions. The general platitudes of Nazi
propaganda are repeated while every
member tries to out-do his neighbor in
the violence of his anit-Semitic views.
Every German member of the "Friends
of New Germany" is automatically a
member of the German National So-
cialist Party and, as such, under strict
discipline. They learn their speeches
by rote according to the Nazi plan.
They must, for example, stress that
France is still the enemy of Germany.
At Nazi meetings in New York, Frapce
is described as a degenerated Negro Ina-
tion responsible for the downfall of Ger-
many.


AN outstanding function is the propa-
gation of anti-Semitism. The same
words, the same slogans, the same meth-
ods followed in Germany are duplicated
in America. The spurious protocols of
the "Elders of Zion" are widely quoted.
Henry Ford's name is repeatedly men-
tioned with great approval. The neces-
sity for taking counter-action against
Jews for the boycott of German products
is heavily stressed. All members of the
"Friends of New Germany" are required
to act as spies in their places of busi-
ness, to discover the names of people
who boycott German products, and to
turn in these names to the headquarters
of the organization. List of such boy-
cotting businesses and individuals are
carefully compiled, strict orders are is-
sued to members and their friends not
to purchase from such persons. An ef-
fective system of espionage is conducted
in coffee-houses and in beer-gardens.
Germans enter beer gardens, create
a spirit of camaraderie over a glass
of beer for the specific purpose of
finding out their attitude towards
Hitler and his tactics. The names of
people who are critical of Hitler are
turned over to headquarters and, in
turn, sent to Germany, so that retalia-
tory measures may be taken against any
and such relatives as remain in Ger-
many. Spies are circulated among Ger-
man refugees in New York for the pur-
pose of discovering their attitude, to-
wards Hitler with a view of reporting
their names to Germany so that retalia-
tory measures may be taken against
their remaining relatives there.
The organization also works closely
with German tourist haedquarters here


in an effort to divert as much tourist
traffic into Germany.
An important task which it has set
itself is the counter-action of any anti-
fascist movement on the part of work-
ing groups, and the formation of Nazi
cells in shops and in factories where
Germans are employed, as well as anti-
Semitic agitation there.
One of the leaders of the "Friends of
New Germany" is an official of the
North German Lloyd, A. Mentzing. Mr.
Mentzing is responsible for creating the
first Nazi shop organization in America
in his own office patterned after the
German model. It is alleged that most
of the employees of the North German
Lloyd are actively associated with the
Nazi organization.
Membership in the "Friends of New
Germany" requires the payment of
monthly dues and regular subscriptions
for propaganda purposes. Most of the
propaganda material, however, comes
directly from Germany. The work of
distributing this material is well or-
ganized. One group, for example, is
entrusted with placing this literature
in books in public libraries; another in
the mail-boxes of apartment houses.
They have even been bazen enough to
distribute vicious and libellous pro-
ducts of the Fichte Bund in the sub-
ways, either by placing leaflets on the
seats or by handing them directly to
passengers. The Fichte Bund leaflets,
printed in English and German, and a
series of letters reviling the Jews, have
been distributed in private offices as
well.


W HILE the organization itself con-
tinually emphasizes that it has little
funds at its disposal, this is far from
representing the actual state of affairs,
and apparently it has had sufficient
funds to perfect network in many parts
of the county. Speakers, whose expenses
are paid by it, are sent to the most re-
mote places to deliver addresses. Nor
do the leaders of the organization show
any evidence of financial straits. Some
of them have quite recently moved into
larger apartments and, in general, are
surrounded by an aura of prosperity.
In addition to the "Friends of New
Germany", there are other organizations
which spread Nazi propaganda. One of
these is the "Kultur Bund" founded by
and catering to the wealthier elements
among the Germans in America. The
larger German merchants are approach-
ed for a donation. The leader of this
group is one Kurt Spanknoevel, whose
headquarters are located in the George
Washington Hotel at 23rd Street and


Lexington Avene, New York. Mr.
Spanknoevel was formerly the organ-
izer of the Detroit Nazi group. He is
often to be seen in first-class hotels and
in speak-easies where he seeks to re-
cruit members for his organization and
to spread propaganda of a Nazi
character.
Another important leader in this or-
ganization is one, George Schellenberg,
allegedly an executive of a large depart-
ment store in New York City. He is
regarded as a prototype of a Prussian
officer and continually emphasizes his
importance as an anti-bolshevist leader.
His assistant is an employee of the New
York Staatszeitung, one N. Orgell, who
is known to have incited considerable
anti-Semitic feeling among his fellow-
employees.

FOR the purpose of propagandizing
among Americans, an American ver-.
sion of the "Friends of New Germany"
has been established. This new body is
known as the "Friends of Germany
founded and under the leadership of
Col. Edwin Emerson. This group has,
its headquarters in the same building
as the German Consulate at 17 Battery
Place. Col. Emerson is the official no-
tary public of the German Consulate,
which sends almost every one desiring
an affidavit to his office. Col. Emerson
is used as a speaker on such occasions
when it is not desired to reveal the of-
ficial connection between the German
National Socialist party and the Amer-
ican branches. He is usually sent as
the speaker for German-Day programs,
and to address Rotary and Kiwanis
Clubs. This group has a speakers' bu-
reau which function largely in spread-
ing anti-Semitic propaganda.
Col. Emerson himself is a former
newspaper correspondent and served at
the headquarters of General von Hind-
enburg during the World War until
America's entrance therein, when he was
interned in Germany. The role he play-
ed during this period has never been
completely elucidated. This group has
sought to make active propaganda for
Germany among the American intellect-
uals and business classes. At first it
succeeded. So completely were its real
purposes disguised, that it was able to'
secure the membership of important'
American intellectuals. Subsequently,
when its real purposes were divulged,'
these Americans hastily withdrew.
All these organizations are superseded
by a so-called brain trust, the leader of
which is the North German Lloyd offi-
cial Mentzing, who issues official or-
ders.
(Please turn to page 28)'


Page Five







The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


THE PRACTICE of encouraging sepa-
rate youth services is steadily gain-
ing headway. Reports from all parts of
the country seem to indicate that a num-
ber of our rabbis feel that such services
are a factor to be considered in solving
the problem of youth's indifference to-
wards worship. It is not indeed presented
as a panacea for eliminating indiffer-
ence towards religion, but separate serv-
ices are advocated for those young peo-
ple who feel a need for prayer and wor-
ship, but who find established forms of
expression unacceptable.
The exponents of separate services
present their case from the standpoint
that the needs and interests of young
people are unique. Such needs have
been recognized in almost every phase
of activity. The intellectual, social and
emotional life of young people are re-
ceiving special attention. Only their
religious life seems to be excluded from
the well 'recognized principle that the
needs of a human being vary in the dif-
ferent stages of his growth. Even the
religious life of young children is re-
ceiving special consideration, but after
a child passes confirmation age, the as-
sumption exists that he instantaneously
becomes an adult, with the adult's needs
for religious expression.
Starting from the established fact
that our young people are not as en-
thusiastic about adult services as they
might be, the question which naturally
arises is, "Are our young people becom-
ing less religious, or has our approach
failed to take into consideration the
quality of youth's temperament?"
Those who have attempted to organize
separate youth services are of the opin-
ion that the young people who are asso-
ciated with our liberal synagogues are
by no means irreligious, for whenever
a service has been designed to meet their
needs, they have responded rather en-
couragingly. And since the future vi-
tality of the synagogue depends upon
these very same young people, it is fur-
ther argued that the stakes are too
great for us to give them up without
first exhausting all reasonable means
for" satisfying their religious needs.
In view of the significance of the


problem, some reassurance is necessary
on the important objections raised
against the encouragement of separate
youth services.

T IS of course essential to urge that
young people attend adult services.
The problem, however, is not correctly
stated as being one of multiplying serv-
ices. No one wishes to increase serv-
ices simply for the sake of numbers.
The desire is rather to awaken and
strengthen the religious consciousness
of young people in order that they might
develop strong loyalties to the synago-
gue.
The argument that it is folly to en-
courage independent youth services
while the pews at the adult service are
not as full as they might be, is met
by the statement that we should not
visit the sins of the parents upon the
children. The vacancy of pews argues
for the need of an intensification of reli-
gious work with adults. It should by
no means serve as a point of departure
for discouraging young people to wor-
ship in a manner most suitable to their
temparaments.
The second objection is a profound
one, and should be seriously considered
by those who advocate separate serv-
ices. Reassurances, however, come from
the young people themselves. All ex-
perience indicates that youth services are
not simply created out of the thumbs
of the youthful worshippers. In every
case, they have entered the problem of
solving their religious needs from the
standpoint that they are Jews and that
their prayers and rituals ought to echo
the religious experiences of their people.


THE DESIRE for youth services does
not imply a negation of Jewish
tradition; it rather indicates a desire to
select special elements of that tradition.
No SINGLE prayer book ever embodied
the TOTALITY of Jewish experience.
Even the orthodox prayer books are
composed of specially selected aspects
of tradition. The Union Prayer Book
is also eclectic. Although this Prayer
Book (like the Reform Movement at
large) has repudiated some Jewish tra-


Dr. Harry 1. Coming


editions, it yet stands distinctly in the
line of Jewish tradition. It maintains
the framework of the traditional Prayer
Book. It may therefore be said to com-
bine some aspects of Jewish tradition
with the religious needs of a changing
world.
As to the third objection, we can all
sympathize with a desire for companion-
ship between young people and their par-
ents through joint attendance at adult
services. To the extent that young people
find a genuine satisfaction in attending
services with their parents should this
custom be encouraged. But does this
particular occasion for companionship
exist at present? Do young people as
a rule accompany their parents to serv-
ices? Do we want our young people
to attend services for the sake of com-
panionship with their parents or for
the sake of religious nature of the serv-
ices ?
The same type of companionship may
be fostered if the parents would attend
the services of their children. Indeed,
such a response to the efforts of youth
would encourage them immeasurably in
their attempts to create an adequate
form of religious expression. Compan-
ionship between parents and young
people may be obtained in two ways. In
this connection, we may either require
the young people to share in the adult
experiences of their parents, or the par-
ents may be required to share in the
experiences of their young people. A
third and ideal way would be to have
both parents and young people exper-
ience life upon their own intellectual
and emotional levels, and then, by an
interchange of such experiences, create
(Please turn to page 29)


Page Six


Shall We Encourage


Separate Youth Services?

By DR. HARRY I. COMINS









The JEWISH UNITY


New Year Message
By J. H. KAPLAN, P. H. D.
Rabbi of Temple Israel
Miami


Religion is the search for a good life,
shared by all human beings, in a world
so constituted that we may attain the
object of our search if only we contribute
ourselves intelligently and whole-heart-
edly to the task before us. The Uni-
verse says to man, in the words of the
Bible: "I have set before you life and
death, therefore choose life that you
may live."
If any element in a prescription, cal-
culated to cure a specific disease, is
omitted the chances are that the pre-
scription will not help the patient. In
the great plan of President Roosevelt
to cure the disease of anemia in eco-
nomic distribution the prescription must
be conscientiously filled by EVERY man
and woman in the country. Let us realize
that before the disease becomes incur-
able.
On this great New Year's Day, con-
secrated through thousands of years of
spiritual longing, I call upon my fel-
low Jews of this community to dedicate
themselves to the New Deal, to the New
Life, to the New Spirit, so that Amer-
ica "may not fail nor be discouraged
till it have set Justice in all the earth."
Let each Jew take the first step to-
wards self-dedication by closing his bus-
iness on these Holy Days, and spend a
few hours in his House of Worship, in
the quietness of thought and in the
presence of other members of his his-
toric Faith to the end that each one may
return to his home reverentially hum-
ble and spiritually courageous to as-
sume the privileges and the burdens of
American Citizens of the Jewish Faith.
May God bless you in the New Deal
in the New Year.
Jacob H. Kaplan, Temple Israel.

THE HEBREW CALENDAR


5694
1933
Rosh Hashonah ................ Thurs., Sept. 21
Yom-Kippur Sat., Sept. 30
1st Day Succoth ................. Thurs., Oct. 5
Shemini Atereth ............... Thurs., Oct. 12
Simchath Torah .......................... Fri., Oct. 13
*Rosh Chodesh Cheshvan ...... Sat., Oct., 21
*Rosh Chodesh Kisley ......- Sun., Nov. 19
First Day Chanukah .......... Wed., Dec., 13
*Rosh Chqdesh Tebet ....-...... Thurs., Dec 28
Also observed the day previous as Rosh
Chodesh (New Moon).
All Jewish holidays begin at sunset the
proceeding secular day.


Page Seven


Rosh Hashonah Message

By BERNARD S. DEUTSCH


W E TURN to a new year today from
a year which has posed the most
crucial problem in the history of our
people since their expulsion from Spain.
What the new year portends, none can
forecast. That it carries over the prob-
lems of the old, none will gainsay. The
problem of German Jewry remains with
us in all its enormity, overshadowing
all else. Indeed its enormity grows as
the mind recovers from its first agony
of impression. And with it increase the
repercussions in other Jewish communi-
ties.
Hilterism in Germany has set the
Jews of the world a two fold undertak-
ing. The defense of the rights of the
Jews in Germany and the consolidation
of their own rights in other countries
where economic unrest has provided a
fertile field for the sowing of bigotry
by the international machinery of the
Nazis and other bigots.
The situation is real and demands
realistic handling. The Hilter govern-
ment has given more than one token that
there is to be no quarter. The Jews
are completely outside the pale of sub-
sistence in Germany and in continuous
fear of physical annihilation. The time
for the old palliatives has long since
passed. This is a new situation, a graver
situation that any man of this genera-
tion has witnessed. The old bromides
are ineffectual. A new formula is im-
perative.
The first ingredient of this new
formula must be unity. Unity of ac-
tion and not mere verbiage. From such
unity must follow a policy and a pro-
gram in behalf of German Jewry, in be-
half of American Jewry.
We of the American Jewish Congress
are persuaded that the program and
policy to be pursued in behalf of the
Jews of Germany must be based on six
fundamental planks.
1. Continued defense action to the
end that the equality rights of the Jews
may be restored, making such represen-
tations as are possible through the
League of Nations and other recognized
bodies of international public opinion.
2. Rehabilitation of the refugees from
Germany.
3. The finding of new lands of migra-
tion for German Jews.
4. Succor, through migration, for the
children of German Jews.


5. Relief for Jews remaining in Ger-
many.
6. Suppression and counteraction of
Nazi propaganda in other countries.
Equally is the American Jewish Con-
gress convinced that this undertaking
in whole or in part cannot be carried
out by any single community, however
rich and powerful. Nor can any com-
munity refuse to lend its strength and
whole hearted support to this compre-
hensive program. Therefore it follows
inexorably that a World Conference of
Jews for the purpose of formulating in
detail the work of defense and rescue
of German Jewry must be summoned
and promptly as the American Jewish
Congress has repeatedly stated, assured
in advance of the participation of all
elements and all groups.
For the American Jewish Congress I
make the pledge that it will not desist
from its efforts on behalf of the Jews
of Germany until their rights shall be
fully restored.
I appeal to American Jewry to render
the accomplishment of its program pos-
sible by supporting its $1,000,000 De-
fense Fund against Hitlerism.
May that fraternity of spirit and ac-
tion evolve from this holy of days to
the end that the glory of Israel may be
preserved.





NEW YEAR MESSAGE FROM
E. G. SEWELL,
Mayor of Miami

"I take pleasure in extending my cor-
dial greetings and good wishes to our
fellow citizens of the Jewish faith on the
occasion of Rosh Hashonah, the Hebrew
New Year.
"The growing custom amongst Chris-
tians of remembering the Jewish New
Year with messages of good will is one
which I heartily commend. It is a defi-
nite contribution toward better under-
standing and mutual sympathy between
the various creeds and religions. As a
Christian, I am conscious of the Hebraic
background of the prevailing religion of
the Western World. We are forever in-
debted to the Jewish people for their
share in our spiritual inheritance.


September 15, 1933







1933


e Eight The JEWISH UNITY September 15,




THE CHURCHES AND CRIME

By EVERETT R. CLINCHY


W HAT more than they are doing can
the churches do about crime and
delinquency ?
Interpreting "churches" to include the
organized forces of religion in the
United States as comprised of Catholic,
Jewish and Protestant structures, the
writer recently interviewed or corres-
ponded with forty-eight prison wardens,
chaplains, reform school executives, so-
cial workers, social scientists and reli-
gious leaders in an endeavor to ascer-
tain their views on the question. Pub-
lished materials, also were consulted.
The results presented in this paper
were checked under the supervision of
Dr. Edwin L. Earp, Chairman of the
Department of Sociology in Drew Uni-
versity.
The testimony secured is presented
with a rigid economy of comment, and
has been arranged in subject groups rep-
resenting various phases of the prob-
lem as reflected in the comments of
those consulted.
The Family and The Home
It is significant to note at the out-
set that the counsel of sociologists and
institutional executives, as recorded in
their letters and interviews, points the
forces of religion first of all to the
home. They agree with Dr. Robert H.
Gault, the eminent psychologist, that:
"The best cure for diseases is their
prevention. This applies equally to those
of the biological organism and to those
of social behavior."
Warden Lewis of Oregon State Peni-
tentiary, for example, writes:
"Early training and home influence is
the place to put the greatest amount of
work. There are too many parents who
do not seem to realize their responsi-
bility in such cases and they allow their
children to grow up doing pretty much
as they please and are not always parti-
cular of the company in which they go.
Some of these can be salvaged after
they have grown up, but it is better to
train them right in the frist place than
to change them afterwards."
W. S. Carpenter, Director of the
Michigan Walfare Department illu-
strates the emphasis churches must put
upon good home and family life.
"The causes for detention in the Boys'
Vocational School at Lansing, and the
Girls' Training School at Adrian are
directly' traced, in 90% of the cases, to


broken homes. If there is one thing
that the religion of the Jews meant and
means, it is a deeply religious family
life, and the same thing, I believe, can
be said of real Christian homes of to-
day.
"I also believe that parents should
realize their responsibility in leadership
and example with their children more
than they do today. How can we expect
children to grow into useful law-abiding
citizens, if their parents do not set the
example for them? I will give you an
illustration of juvenile delinquency in
one of our northern towns. A juvenile
party was being held in one of the dance
halls outside of a certain town and one
of my juvenile ward supervisors and a
couple of troopers appeared at the place
and took the juveniles, who were intox-
icated, in tow. Instead of sending the
juveniles to court, they called the par-
ents of the juveniles and had them come
and get them. One couple that came
after a high school girl was driven there
by friends, due to the fact that they
were so intoxicated themselves that they
could not drive their own car. The girl
was returned to them in the morning by
their minister. The story back of it
was this: The father and mother de-
sired to entertain in their own home
that night, so they sent their daughter
to stay all night with a high school
chum. The girls, with some of their
high school fellows, decided to go out
and make "whoopee", and the result was
as above stated. How could you expect
this high school girl to do any differ-
ent when her own parents were not set-
ting the right kind of an example by
maintaining a good and wholesome home
influence?"
According to R. W. McLain, chaplain
of the Michigan State Prison at Jack-
son:
"What religion can do is, of course,
obvious. The primary factor in delin-
quency is social heredity, and begins in
the home. The Committee on Delin-
quency, reporting to the American Pri-
son Congress in Baltimore in October,
1931, said that a large percentage of
delinquency came from the home where
there was contention and disagreement
between the parents, more than from
homes where actual divorce was ob-
tained."
To the writer such control of domes-


tic habits involves wise and effective
pastoral work. Indeed, the superinten-
dent of the Negro boys reformatory in
Maryland, insists that only personal con-
tact will do! Perhaps this is one argu-
ment for long pastorates wherein minis-
ters become family friends and counsel-
lors, and perform important functions
in social control because they know indi-
vidual strengths and weaknesses in the
generations of both parents and chil-
dren, yet, and become intelligent
priests of those they marry, whom first
they knew as infants.
Rabbi Holtzberg, Jewish Chalplain at
Trenton, gives an interesting explicit
injunction for American family solidar-
ity.
"A constructive suggestion for organ-
ized religion is to introduce into the
home more family festivals. In Juda-
ism we have some but not enough. We
have for example the Passover Seder
Dinner. We have the Feast of Lights,
and a few more. There is, too, the Fri-
day evening breaking of bread and can-
dle ceremony. I believe that by the in-
troduction of such ceremonies in the
home we will be strengthening it and
recover for it some of the ground it
lost through the Movies and other di-
versions."
Father Cashin, a chaplain in the New
York City Tombs Jail, starts with the
home, too, and with certain authority
he lays down marital obligations and
care of children as parallel to the laws
of the Medes and the Persians. "Disci-
pline," he preached as he pounded the
table of the Church of St. Andrew, when
I interviewed him. "Dicipline the
children Don't lay responsibility to
endocrine glands, and adenoids." I ask-
ed the Father how he dealt with a
youngster or an adult whom he knew
was tending toward, or already incar-
cerated in prison. "I tell them the plain
facts, 'You must pay for what you do,'
I say. 'You must act as you know you
should. No one can help you until you
will make moral decisions for yourself.'"
"And if the bad girl or criminal man
refuses, what do you say then?" I per-
sisted.
Father Cashin raised his hands help-
lessly, saying, "I tell them they can go
to hell." He smiled, "Isn't that the
truth?" Then he grew intensely earn-
est. "I firmly believe that they all know


Pag







September 15, 1933


The JEWISH UNITY


the difference between right and
wrong."
I close this section on home training
and family life with part of a letter
from Warden Thurston, of Maine State
Prison. His ideas carry us toward the
next division, schooling.
"As an officer of the law for several
years and in my present position as a
Warden it is very plain to me that we
are today, in this country, reaping the
results of lack of interest in our homes.
Children today are allowed to run wild
without let or hinderance and as long
as the condition is allowed to exist our
problem will never diminish. I have
no solution of the problem to offer ex-
cept the return to the fundamental prin-
ciples that have been taught during the
ages. These principles must be taught
in the home first, in the church next,
and finally in the schools, whether it be
grammer school or college."
The Schools
In almost every comment made we
find the home, the church and the school
noted as correlated agencies in the
achievement of effective results in any
effort to cure crime and reduce delin-
quency.
Rabbi Rudolph Coffee of the Cali-
fornia Commission on Crime writes:
"You and I know that the best pre-
vention of delinquency is by education
and that education should start in the
home. But as the average home of to-
day places such little stress on high edu-
cational values, such as character build-
ing, I believe that some compulsory
method sholud be adopted whereby every
child should receive some ethical train-
ing in some Sunday School in his own
vicinity. In other words, just as our
laws stipulate that we must send our
children to public school until a certain
age so should there be a law that makes
it compulsory for a child to get some
religious training in any church he
chooses for his own."
Harold Donnell, Superintendent of
Prisons in Maryland seconds Dr. Coffee's
suggestion about schooling children in
morals.
"My own personal opinion, he says, is
that the class of inmates in our Juvenile
and Penal Institutions have had very
little religious training of any sort,
coming from homes where religion is
not given much thought. I have person-
ally been of the opinion for a long
while that we have gone too far away
in our public school system from reli-
gious consideration and that there should
be a getting together of the Catholic,
Protestant and Jew to enable at least
the teaching of a high regard of the


Almighty Power, within our public
school system. I know that I have not
many supporters in this but I believe
that the churches fail to reach the type
of person who becomes involved with
the law and the only place they can be
reached is through the school system and
that this system should deal much more
with the teaching of morality, regard
for outside auhtority and a further re-
gard of an Almighty Power. When they
reach us in most cases they are so de-
praved that it is very difficult for us
to instill into them the things which the
public school could instill into them.
The lack of regard of higher power is
the cause of a great deal of their down
fall."
While the question of religion in the
public schools remains controversial,
Father McCaffrey, Chaplain at Sing
Sing, urges that religious educators get
the children after school hours, or else
systematically visit all homes. Father
McCaffrey seems to sigh with the real-
ization of the enormity of our task, when
he closes his two page response by say-
ing, "In other words, it requires a great
deal more work than we are willing to
undertake today." Then, as if to light-
en our burden he adds, "Of course, it
must be said that the religious forces
of the country are not police depart-
ments."
Certainly, public schools can instill a
philosophy of life to counteract a pre-
vailing view of society as a grab-bag
into which one should reach an uncon-
scionable fist. "Today," writes Chap-
lain Holtzberg, the criminal has made
a business of crime. He is in it because
it pays. That there is punishment if
caught is another matter. He does not
fear that. He is willing to take a
chance. Only last week one of the in-
mates in the State Prison at Trenton,
said to me, 'Any one who is in my
racket must expect to be caught sooner
or later and when he goes into it he
must realize that he must give as well
as take.' That is the attitude."
Some of the chaplains are well-mean-
ing but vague. For example, one
preaches '"industriousness" and "social
supervision." Professor Jerome Davis,
on the other hand is specific. "In pre-
venting delinquency," says this Chris-
tian Sociologist, "the church has the
problem of cooperating in the organiza-
tion of the leisure time of the youth
of our communities. They must see to
it that there are adequate playground
facilities and adequate clubs. I would
say that every boy in the community
should be card catalogued and the com-
munity should know that his recreation
and other needs are being cared for. If


the church could cooperate in a joint
movement of this kind it would revolu-
tionize our delinquency problem."
The social planning implied in Jerome
Davis' suggested catalogue record im-
pressed me. It can be done in every
high school this year, through co-opera-
tion of churches. At the same time
Rabbi Coffee persistently puts super-
vised recreation up to the partly-idle
church plants as their opportunity. "I
would urge that churches offer the use
of their buildings and play-grounds aft-
er school hours for all children of their
neighborhoods." Inter-church athletic
and oratorical contests, artistic and dra-
matic ventures, craft and social demon-
strations can be planned.
Certainly Warden Walter Daly's fi-
gures in Indiana should shock church-
men into action. We are not as effec-
tive as some people think when we real-
ize that in 1932 2,000 out of 2,531 in-
mates considered themselves "church
attendants." The problem comes face
to face with the churches when the rec-
ord is read: "536 Baptists, 514 Metho-
dists, 328 Catholics," and so on through
the smaller denominations of churches
and synagogues. The "Literary Digest"
(April 13, 1929) gave statistics which
prophesied that of the 319,000 ten year
old boys in Manhattan, one-half would
be registered in public blotters within
a five year period.
In the schools, both public and church,
then, we can develop a strong social
sense and fortify moral habits. As Dr.
Brantigam of Yale puts it, a creed or a
philosophy may not have a one-to-one
correlation in the causal complex of be-
havior or character, but it does enter as
an important factor. Educational ob-
jectives involve some metaphysics. This
is precisely where the organized forces
of religion can play a considerable role
in preventing delinquency.
Unofficial Agencies
While several of our correspondents
stress the possibilities in the Big Broth-
er movement and supervision of parole
by the clergy and other well intentioned
church members social workers, parole
agents and many judges had little faith
in Big Brother work due to numerous
disappointing experience of the past.
Many remarked that most of the Big
Brother work of the past consisted of
attending meetings, holding banquets
and talking, but very little of personal
work was ever done with boys.
Miss Edna Mahan of Clinton Reform-
atory for Girls urges that the organ-
ized forces of religion do everything in
their power to keep law-breaking young-
sters from incarceration in institutions.


Page Nine








The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


Obviously some cases require institu-
tional treatment but the chief function
that churches can serve is to cooperate
intelligently with the normal agencies-
of control in a given community.
Judge Ben Lindsey, the famous Ju-
venile Court judge, told of the efforts
he put forth in extra-institutional ju-
venile guidance. He gained the confi-
ence of individuals, the inside story of
whose escapades he knew. Judge Lind-
sey took these youngsters where he
found them. He showed them towards
what their actions were leading. He ar-
ranged regular appointments; he did not
punish; he did not indict. He talked
with girls arid boys who had not yet
learned to discipline their emotions and
to restrict their desires. It seems clear
that notwithstanding the minor faults in
Judge Lindsey's work, his approach was
sound. The Churches should lend their
influence so that informal dealing with
youthful infringements will be carried
as far as they reasonably can. This is
good economics, too, for "The average
cost of supervising a probationer for one
year is $25.00, while the average cost of
maintaining an inmate in the various
penal institutions in the state is
$350.00," according to ,the Report of the
Crime Commission of Michigan, 1932.
As for parole of an individual who has
actually experienced formal court action
and has possibly served time in an in-
stitution, the trend of thought is that
parole calls for skilled attention. More-
over, voluntary parole control is inade-
quate. A high degree of education and
skilled experience for full time parole
officers motivated to be sure by reli-
gious impulse is the best answer to this
question. If as was said before, the
church is not to be considered a police-
man, it is not either to be considered a
parole officer. Ministry to individuals,
without responsibility for paroles, is
about as far as the church should wise-
ly go.
"Answering your second question, I
wish to refer you to some of our rec-
ords and plans that we have along the
line of probation," says W. S. Carpen-
ter of Michigan. "Probation, in its
truest sense, is prevention. It prevents
the dependent and neglected child from
becoming delinquent and the first of-
fender from becoming a hardened crim-
inal. It is not a release from punish-
ment; but it gives an individual an op-
portunity to make good under the pro-
per supervision. Properly supervised
probation of the adult offender makes
him an asset instead of a liability to the
community. The success of probation
depends almost entirely upon the nam-
ing of persons who are qualified to carry


on this work, which involves a state con-
trolled, supervised and financed proba-
tion system."
Causes and Cures
"There is no one cause of, and there-
fore, no one cure for, crime."-(Report,
Recent Social Trends, p. 1165.)
That being true, nevertheless, certain
temperaments appear to get excited
about certain causes almost to the ex-
clusion of other elements. One kind of
upbuilders want redemption of souls. Say
they, there is no construction of golden
streets in the New Jerusalem with clay
bricks. "Salvage individual souls An-
other school insists that individuals will
take care of themselves if we build a
new society, a Kingdom of God on earth.
Let Father Eligius Weir of Joliet
Penitentiary in Illinois speak, for one
approach.
"We have not found the real cure of
crime because we have ignored the real
sources of the evil. No scientist today
holds that criminal tendencies are her-
editary. Environment is alleged as the
real source of crime. Poverty is given
as the main cause of predatory crimes;
and yet a check-up shows that very few
inmates were driven to crime through
property. The poor in general do not
show criminal tendencies, and the poor
we will always have with us; even
though some may hope for a fool's para-
dise here on earth in which we will have
no poor."
Parenthetically the writer desires to
differ with those who believe there need
always be poor people, economically
speaking. An economy of surplus is by
no means an impossibility. There may
always be sick people, physically and
mentally, but there need not be poor
people so far as the need for the serv-
ices of doctors, grocers, teachers or
tailors are concerned.
Father Weir continues, and names the
cause of crime. "Crime comes ultimate-
ly from the unbridled will of man. What
men need is a check on their evil propen-
sities to pride, avarice, lust, anger, envy,
gluttony, and sloth. Pride prompts men
to disrespect authority; avarice causes
them to desire unjustly their neighbors
goods; lust urges them to neglect curb-
ing their carnal desires; envy makes
men begrudge their fellowmen's 'suc-
cess; anger leads to violence; gluttony
tends to drunkeness which makes men
beastly, and sloth keeps men from an
earnest effort to correct themselves."
But the question remains, Why are
they slothful?
Let Professor Jerome Davis of Yale
Divinity School open the case for the
social approach.


"The larger problem of preventing
crime is related to our whole economic
system. As long as twelve million peo-
ple are unemployed and have to suffer
the vicissitudes of an economic order
based on private gain there is bound to
be an increase of criminal activity."
"People who have been unemployed
for years starve, but they do not starve
to death, because they steal, beg, bor-
row and concentrate on obtaining food
'like prowling cats," Miss Helen Hull,
Philadelphia settlement worker, said at
a Senate hearing. (As reported in the
New York Times, January 11, 1933.)
"Miss Hull was not dramatic. Calm-
ly she read her cases, until she had
built into the record a vision of hu-
man degradation and despair .
"She pictured families run down phy-
sically, sending out children to snatch
food from wholesale markets, stealing
milk for babies, stealing from pushcarts
anything which can be exchanged for
food."
Perhaps the example, too, of the pres-
ent folkways of influential citizens,
should be read into the record. Racket-
eering may be in the air.
"The testimony of Samuel Insull, Jr.
the youngster who a year ago was draw-
ing an annual salary of $113,000 as
president of one of his father's numerous
companies, further reveals how com-
pletely our late giants of finance have
deemed themselves above the law. In-
sull, Jr., admitted that Insull Utility
Investments Company had published in
1930 earnings of $10,343,000. That was
the story told the investors-'hooked'
and prospective. But with the federal
income-tax bureau Insull Utility Invest-
ments Company in the same year filed
a net loss of $6,493,000." The Nation,
March 1, 1933.
"On Wednesday, February 22, the
daily press reported, Mr. Pecora brought
out that the National City officers had
lent themselves $2,400,000 to protect
their margin gambling, appropriating
this money without security, charging
themselves no interest, and subsequent-
ly writing most of these loans down or
off, at the same time that they sold out
their customers and compelled their
clerks to continue payments on stock
which these lesser fry had bought."
Rabbi Holtzberg, however, differs
with inferences in Professor Davis' out-
look. "Some people blame the capitalis-
tic system for crime. But that is un-
just. Some say that a more just dis-
tribution of wealth would eliminate
crime. That is only a conjecture. I do
not believe it to be true."
And Father Cashin suggests that
"children are animals, rational animals


Page Ten







September 15, 1933

to be sure. Now, simply changing the
kennel to one with lace curtains won't.
make a particle of difference."
Edward C. Lindeman, of the New
School of Social Research, is impatient
with the argument between those who
pigeonhole personal approaches and
those who categorize a societal approach
to crime ,as if each were distinct. To
him the new psychology fuses the two-
"All this talk about environment and
the individual becomes irrelevant. Of
course society is responsible; of course
the individual is responsible, but they
are not separate. As a matter of fact
it seems to me almost impossible to
prove there is any such thing as an
individual; that the only way man be-
comes human is through association with
other human beings; and if you were
to take away from human beings some
of the characteristics which they re-
ceive only by association with other hu-
man beings, such as language, you
wouldn't have a human being in the full
word. Take away from human beings
any of the social attributes and im-
mediately you have something else than
human, and it becomes utterly absurd
to distinguish between the society and
the individual."
In short, it is not a case of either the
social gospel or personal religion with
regard to the delinquent,-it is bothand!
One sees this boldly chiseled in a state-
ment by one of the 200,000 wandering
homeless boys drifting across the na-
tion.
"Fell in with two boys, one from the
North, fairly well dressed and with nim-
ble fingers. He stole a bottle of shoe
polish right under the eyes of a ten-
cent-store clerk, lifted a tin of sardines
and after trying several stores, made a
superb theft of a can of apricots. With
a loaf of bakery bread, we had quite a
meal and stretched out to sleep in the
park .
"I slept two nights in the Red Star
Mission. Paid for my bed, beef and
grits by listening to their prayers, by
being brow-beaten by some young tough
who had just got religion and was con-
sequently allowed to stay in the Mis-
sion any length of time for his valuable
testimony at each night's meetings .
"On a freight I found three women
beside the usual crowd of boys. Two
were Negro women and the other was
a white girl. All three were dressed in
men's clothes. In the darkness I had
asked the white girl for a match, not
knowing she was a voman. She replied,
'I'm a lady and I don't carry matches.'
I noticed that, like most ladies, she had
allowed one of the young tramps to put
his arms about her. Heard many tales


rhe JEWISH UNIT"

of women hoboes. One hobo told me
how two women had lightened the jour-
ney of some twenty hoboes one night."
(New Republic, March 8, 1933.)
This picture of "boys going no-
where" involves both changes in the so-
cial-economic structure and genuine at-
tention to individual lives.
What Can the Churches Do?
"A study of 600 cases," reports Robert
Havlik, St. Charles School for Boys, in
Illinois, "was made for this survey, 300
of whom were from Cook County (in
which Chicago is located) and the re-
mainder from down state The facts
disclosed were startling and extremely
discouraging. 11 boys out of each 100
from Cook County could be termed suc-
cesses. The other 89 incarcerated in
this or other states, had been electro-
cuted, hanged, or killed in the pursuit
of crime."
Certainly, situations like that one af-
ford the organized forces of religion an
opportunity to play a redemptive role
with boys emerging fresh from any cor-
rective school.
What can the churches do within pri-
sons and reformatorys? For one thing,
we can send good chaplains. Not so
much to preach at criminals, (although
well advised worship services are part
of the job.) Probably a chaplain should
be chosen upon his qualifications in
mental hygiene, his knowledge of prin-
ciples of character education and atti-
tude formation, and his personality,
fully as much as his theological thor-
oughness. After perusing letters and
articles by chaplains, I am amazed at
the variety of opportunities for influ-
ence they have. Often, to be sure, the
light of religion is put under a bushel
by the old-school prison discipline. Nor
is the chaplain's function merely nom-
inal. There is both example and pre-
cept. Apropos of "precept" the late
Hastings Hart, one-time President of the
American Prison Association, related a
delightful anecdote.
"Chaplain George H. Hickox of the
Michigan State Prison, was a great
chaplain Thirty years ago he was prac-
ticing many of the things which we now
call modern prison reform. Among oth-
er things he organized two literary so-
cieties. I attended a meeting where 200
prisoners, packed tightly in a small but
well ventilated room, were holding an
animated discussion on the question;
"Which has the greater influence, ex-
ample or precept?" A negro prisoner
discomfited his white opponent and won
the debate: "De man wat says example
has mo' influence den precep' don't no
wat he's talking' about," he declared.


Page Eleven


"Why, Misto Pres'dent, how was it 'fo'
de wah? De Norf dey set de Souf de
extmple ob not havin' any slaves. What
good did dey do? Bimeby Ab'ham
Lnicum he gib de precep!"
Radio, Movie and Press
There is general realization of the fact
that these three media are today creat-
ing a state of mind, particularly on the
part of the immature, to an extent un-
paralleled in our history.
From typical comments received the
following are quoted:
Radio: "Another constructive sugges-
tion for organized religion is to exercise
its force and power in controlling the
Radio. I believe that such programs
as "The Shadow" and "The Crime Club"
should be forced off the air. I believe-
that they fire the imagination of the
youth of our land in the wrong direc-
tion."
Press: "Organized Religion should
use its influence with the press of the
land in order that they may take off
the front sheet of their newspapers the
stories of crime. They argue that it is
news and the people want to read about
it. Is it right to give the people what
they really want, if you know that what
they want will ultimately react to their
own hurt? I feel that I know the psy-
chology of the criminal. He craves to
see his name in bold print on the first
page of papers. He thrives on that.
In England that is not done and the
crime wave in England has never reach-
ed the proportions that it has in the
United States."
Movies: The superintendent of a
Maryland Reformatory stresses the need
for social control of the movies. But
how are they to be controlled as long as
profit-making commercialization is the
rule of the game? Along this line the
Recent Social Trends report has direct
bearing. A paragraph (page 956, chap-
ter on Recreation and Liesure Times)
reads.
"Another problem of a different kind
is the devising of ways and means of
better governmental supervision and
control of commercial amusements. This
involves suitable measures of control
over motion pictures and radio broad-
casting, and the regulation of dance
halls, pool and billiard rooms, cabarets
and road houses, burlesque theaters,
horse racing and other forms of amuse-
ment provided on a commercial basis.
Past experience has shown that where;
there is no competent supervisory au-,
thority there is always danger of lower-,,.
ing standards in the interests of larger-_
profits. While the trend has been in *,;
(Please turn to page 25) 1







The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


A Review Of Liberal Judaism

By VICTOR EMANUEL REICHERT


AS SHADOWS fall in the sunset hour
on Wednesday, Sept. 20, 1933, World
Jewry will gather to its tents of Wor-
ship to mark with prayer the passing of
the year, 5693. It has been a year of
momentous significance in the history of
the world as well as in the story of
Israel. As 5693 drops wearily upon the
heroic lap of Father Time, it will carry
with it a grey-streaked chronicle of
travail and promise, of despair and wist-
ful hope-a record of shadow and light
hardly rivaled through the centuries.
Yet Judaism has gone forward cour-
ageously. Amidst the clash of warring
political philosophies, of sharply dis-
puted economic doctrines, of rumbling
rivalries among classes and nations, Is-
rael has stood during the past year a
"lone dweller" among the people of the
earth, still nourishing her ancient dream
of One God and One Humanity. Drap-
ing about her ancient shoulders the
prophetic mantle of social justice, of civ-
ic righteousness, and of international
peace, she has stood like a faithful
watchman on the embattled walls of a
harassed civilization, peering with anx-
ious but unconquerable eye into the
night.
To behold in sharp relief the violent
contradictions contained within the
pages of 5693, one has only to think of
the Century of Progress Fair in Chicago,
where with thrilling music and pageant-
ry the purposeful advance of Israel,
called "The Romance of a People," was
colorfully dramatized; and then turn to
the hell-hole of Nazi-ridden Germany
where Hitler, Goring, Goebbels and
Company have written another venom-
ous chapter in the martyrdom of the
Jews and have turned back the Clock
of Progress into the Dark Ages of me-
dieval persecution.

COMPLETELY overshadowing all oth-
er problems in world Jewry during
the past year was the terrible plight of
the Jews of Germany since the sudden
and sensational rise to power of Adolph
Hitler last March. The Nazi ascendancy
was as unexpected as it was catastrophic
The Rev. John Haynes Holmes, in an
article in "Opinion" for March, 1933,
was very close to reality when he wrote
pointedly "I FEAR HITLER" and
warned that "For months, ever since the
Nazi leader was suddenly transformed
from a ridiculous into a formidable phe-


nomenon, our thinking about him here
in America has been largely wishful in
character." Nevertheless prominent
Jewish spokesmen and representative
newspapers like the New York Times,
up to January, 1933, apparently blind
to the actualities, continued hopefully to
predict that Hitler and his hoodlums
would never come to power. But he
did! And at once, by boycott, bonfire
and a reign of terror unbelievable in a
country that has long boasted of its
"Kultur," he proceeded to destroy the
economic and spiritual foundations of
German Jewry to the amazement and
shock of the civilized world.
The Union of American Hebrew Con-
gregations, its Sisterhoods and Brother-
hoods, at their sessions in the City of
Chicago in June, 1933, expressed the
anguished sentiments of American Israel
concerning this crime against human-
ity in the twentieth century, when they
adopted a resolution declaring:
"Our hearts go out in this hour of
trial to our Jewish brethren who are un-
dergoing unspeakable suffering in Ger-
many.

WE ARE highly gratified that many
Christians of this and other coun-
tries and numerous secular and profes-
sional bodies have nobly expressed their
condemnation of the unjust actions of
the constituted authorities of Germany.
We are grateful that the representatives
in both Houses of Congress have voiced
the indignation of the American people
regardless of race or creed."
Persecution and Self-Preservation
Two main currents flow through the
year: On the one hand, the vicious up-
thrust of anti-Semitism finding its focal
center in Germany; on the other hand,
the inner forces of world Jewry which
are now welding harmoniously together
to resist the pressure from without. The
past year has marked rapid and hopeful
strides forward in effecting inward sol-
idarity. The Union of American Hebrew
Congregations, at its 33rd council at
Chicago, took the leadership, through its
chairman, in urging the expansion of the
powers of the Synagogue Council of
America, so that, through this body of
reform, Conservative and Orthodox rab-
bis and lay leaders, it might represent
the united voice of American Jewry on
all questions affecting the welfare of
our people.


The Union has accepted the underly-
ing principle of Judge Stern's plan, pre-
sented at the 32nd Council Meeting in
Philadelphia in 1931. Judge Stern main-
tained that the Synagogue is and must
be the center of Jewish life. In the
words of Ludwig Vogelstein, this pro-
nouncement "constitutes a far-reaching
criticism of Jewish life in America."
Sooner of later we will have to learn
the truth, that our supreme distinction
in the Disapora is our Jewish religion.
Any other position is untenable. Ortho-
doxy, Conservatism, and Reform have
a common platform-Judaism.
Unity In Israel
N ORDER to manifest this unity of
American Israel and provide the Ma-
chinery for joint action, the Union, a
few years ago, formed what is known
as the Synagogue Council of America.
It is composed of representatives of the
Orthodox, Conservative and Reform lay
unions and rabbinical bodies. I venture
to propose that this Synagogue Council
should be made th3 organization to rep-
resent the opinion of the Jews of Amer-
ica, both at home and abroad, on all
eauetions affecting our Jewish rights.
It would do away with schism, and pro-
claim to the world that "American Is-
rael" stands loyal and united under its
old flag-Judaism."
It is difficult to exaggerate the im-
portance of this pronouncement. By au-
thorizing the necessary steps for its
consummation, the 33rd Council of the
Union has made an important step for-
ward in the advancement of Judaism in
America. The Synagogue has been the
historic symbol of Israel as a world-wide
religious community and this effort to
make it central and authoritative in
Jewish life in this country should re-
ceive the full support of all Jews.
Christian Concern Over German
Anti-Semitism
The frightful flare-up of Anti-Sem-
itism stirred not only world Jewry but
vigorous repercussions from representa-
tive bodies of Christians. Protest meet-
ings, addressed by outstanding Church-
men, were held all over the land. At
first a startled world questioned the vio-
lence of the persecution. On March 24,
the members of the Executive Commit-
tee of the Federal Council of the
Churches of Christ in America, recorded
the conviction that "the reported serious


Page Twelve







September 15, 1933


The JEWISH UNITY


Page Thirteen


persecution of Jews in Germany con-
cerns all men of brotherly ideals, par-
ticularly the followers of Jesus Christ."
"On Christian grounds," they declared,
"we protest against all forms of racial
and religious intolerance, and express
our deep sympathy for its victims. In
the name of our common Heavenly Fa-
ther we urge Christians everywhere to
re-examine their own racial attitudes
and relationships, to the end that hatred
and strife may be overcome by the pow-
er of that charity which alone can avert
the threatened break-down of Western
civilization."
A Christian scholar, Dr. Conrad H.
Moehlman of the Colgate-Rochester Di-
vinity School, wrote a brave "confession
of sin" called "The Christian-Jewish
Tragedy."
Non-Jewish journalists like H. R.
Knickerbocker and Dorothy Thompson
rendered valiant and heroic service to
the world in publishing the true story
of the German atrocities and the Ger-
man persecution. The editorials of im-
portant papers all over the world be-
came increasingly vigorous as the full
and unbelievable extent of the Nazi
anti-Jewish campaign leaked out.
On March 30th, the New York Times
editorially published a powerful con-
demnation of the Hitlerist government.
"The German Nationalists," declared
the Times, "are forcing the world to see
something more than a 'Jewish question'
in the Reich. By their methods and
manifestoes they are taking the matter
out of the realm of narrow race hatred
and making it appear one of humanity
and civilization itself.
"The thing has already gone far be-
yond an attack upon a single race or re-
ligion. Feelings have been aroused
which transcend political boundaries or
definitions of race .
"One thing the German Government
may set down for certain. It cannot
compel citizens of other nations to be
dumb in the presence of what they con-
sider an outrage upon the finer profes-
sions and ideals of modern States. If
they kept silent, the very stones would
cry out."
Nor did they keep silent. In England's
parliament eloquent and impassioned
condemnation of the Hitler program
poured forth which shook the corners
of the civilized world. Sir John Simon,
Minister of Foreign Affairs, in the
House of Commons, was particularly out-
spoken. In the United States Senate,
on June 10th, Senator James T. Robin-
son of Arkansas, majority leader, and
other prominent senators, denounced
the Nazi Jewish persecution. Senator


Robinson called the German spectacle
"sickening and terrifying."
On May 10th, the Jewish Daily Bulle-
tin released a remarkable statement
signed by one thousand Christian min-
isters of all denominations. The state-
ment was prepared by the Rev. Dr. Har-
ry Emerson Fosdick, pastor of the Riv-
erside Church, and a group of outstand-
ing churchmen. The statement pointed
out that "the endeavor of the German
Nazis to humiliate a whole section of
the human family threatens the civil-
ized world with the return of medieval
barbarity."

Jewish Organizations Protest
Meanwhile National Jewish organiza-
tions registered their protest. On Thurs-
day, May 11, over two hundred and fifty
thousand Jews and n on-Jews in New
York City paraded in a six-hour protest.
General John F. O'Ryan acted as grand
marshal of the parade. Rabbi Stephen
S. Wise, honorary president of the Amer-
ican Jewish Congress, arranged the
protest.
On June 14th, the campaign to raise
$1,000,000 in New York City alone for
the relief of the German Jews, initiated
by the Joint Distribution Committee, be-
gan under the leadership of its national
chairman, Dr. Jonah B. Wise. Another
million was asked from the remainder of
the country.
A few days later, Sunday, June 18th,
the Jewish Daily Bulletin announced
that Samuel Untermeyer, noted lawyer,
would serve as the honorary president
of the National Boycott Committee of
America.
Then on Monday, June 19th, Dr. Cy-
rus Adler, president of the American
Jewish Committee, announced the pub-
lication of the "White Book"-"The Jews
in Nazi Germany: The Actual Record
of Their Persecution by the National So-
cialists." The book was a reliable and
sober recital of the terrible story and
its appearance was widely commented
upon in the public press.
The dark clouds of German anti-sem-
itism cast their sombre shadow across
the deliberations of the Central Confer-
ence of American Rabbis which opened
its 44th annual meeting at Milwaukee
on June 22nd. Rabbi Morris Newfield,
president of the C. C. A. R., in his mes-
sage expressed the grateful appreciation
of American Jewry that "the civilized
peoples of Europe and America have
spontaneously expressed their sympathy
with the Jews of Germany in their sad
plight and have fearlessly condemned
those outrages and brutalities." Presi-
dent Newfield also deplored the "lack of
unity in American Jewish life" in its


approach to the solution of the problem
of the German Jews. He stressed the
paramount need for such unity in order
to bring the fullest "moral and finan-
cial succor to the dispossessed and jobless
Jews of Germany." "Concerted action
by the American Jewish Committee, the
American Jewish Congress, the B'nai
B'rith and other national organizations
would undoubtedly lead to quicker and
better results."
Almost simultaneously with this plea
for unity, word went forth on June 25th
that a joint council, composed of repre-
sentatives of the three national organi-
zations which have spoken for the body
of American Jewry in connection with
the persecution of the Jews in Ger-
many, was functioning. Thus at last the
prospect seemed near when the Ameri-
can Jewish Committee, the B'nai B'rith
and the American Jewish Congress
would find a working agreement for
united and concerted action against the
peril of Hitlerism.

Spain Offers an Ironic Gesture
A striking by-prdouct of the German
calamity was the effect it had on other
lands, notably Spain. The B'nai B'rith
editorially in its May issue pointed out
that since 1492 Spain's treatment of
her Jews has stood as the nadir of cru-
elty. And now Spain performs a ges-
ture that to the hearts of Jews looked
like an amend. In Belgium lingers Al-
bert Einstein, German philosopher, Jew,
an exile from his native land, a man
without a country, upon which his
achievements have conferred great re-
nown. Spain offers sanctuary to Albert
Einstein. The University of Madrid ten-
ders him a professorship."
World Union and the Hebrew
Union College
During the past year the World Union
for Progressive Judaism continued to
labor for the advancement of Liberal
Judaism. Evidence of the far-reaching
influence of the Hebrew Union College
was the appointment of Rabbi Moses
Cyrus Weiler, one of twelve graduates of
this year's class, as Rabbi of the Re-
form group of Johannesburg, South Af-
rica. Rabbi Weiler was sent to Johannes-
burg by the World Union. Another grad-
uate, Rabbi Perry Nussbaum, was called
to succeed Rabbi Jerome Mark, as lead-
er of the Liberal Congregation Beth
Israel of Melbourne, Australia.

Jewish Education
A Jewish consciousness which derives
solely from prosecution and Anti-Sem-
itism must in the end become patho-
logical, psychopathic and introverted.
Aware of the dangers inherent in the







The JEWISH UNITY


world crisis precipitated by Naziism,
Jewish leadership during the past year
strengthened its fortresses of Jewish
education. Mr. Chrales P. Kramer,
president of the National Federation of
Temple Brotherhoods, at its meeting in
Chicago, said:
"The growth which we want and which
we are getting ... is not from enthusi-
asm alone but from conviction which
can only arrive by knowledge and ap-
preciation of what being a Jew really
means and therefore we take pride in
stating that Jewish education is a fea-
ture in practically all Brotherhood or-
ganizations today."
Dr. Joseph Rauch, of Louisville, Ky.,
emphasizing the concern in Jewish edu-
cation, when he said in the course of his
paper before the Union:
"The major interest today of the
Union of American Hebrew Congrega-
tions, as expressed through the Depart-
ment of Synagogue and School Exten-
sion and the Commission on Jewish Ed-
ucation, is religious education to
me a Jewish survival, unless it be dis-
tinctly religious, is not only meaningless
but worthless."
A similar trend of thinking is evi-
denced by the words of Mr. Adloph
Rosenberg of Cincinnati, who declared:
"Our world is upset. Men clamor for
a new order. We Jews feel that the
spiritual values crystallized in the cru-
cible of Israel's experiences and pre-
served in the imperishable poetry of her
prophets and sages, should be the spir-
itual foundation on which to build for
the new order. The open sesame to the
spiritual reservoirs of the Jewish people
is Jewish /education. Therefore, Ithe
Synagogue must provide adequate edu-
cation for child and man."
Dangers of Assimilation
But while the past year saw an in-
tensification in the program of Jewish
education and a widening of its empha-
sis to embrace youth and adult groups
in addition to the elementary and high
school groups, some Jewish thinkers
were not blind to the danger of Judaism
as well as Jews being assimilated into
the thought current of our secular age.
In his address at the opening exercises
of the Hebrew Union College on Oc-
tober 15th, President Julian Morgen-
stern warned against the vogue of "Hu-
manism" as "naught but a smug arro-
gant, egoistic Atheism. Its corollary,
the substitution of man's better self for
God, is naught but a foolish self-decep-
tion which deceives no one except those
who want to be deceived."
A similar warning against "playing
fast and loose with revered tradition"


was voiced by Dr. Israel Bettan, speak-
ing at the annual Founder's Day Exer-
cises at the Hebrew Union College
Chapel, on March 25th. Pointing to the
life-teachings and character of Isaac M.
Wise, founder of the college, Dr. Bettan
declared that "he ever insisted that
however modified and purified, Judaism
must never cease to flow from the an-
cient fountains of Jewish truth and in-
spiration. As he expressed it again and
again: 'Judaism must be studied in the
products of the Hebrew mind, and these
are preserved in Israel's great litera-
ture."
Reading a paper on "The Concept of
God in Jewish Life and Literature" be-
fore the Central Conference, Rabbi Ber-
nard Heller of Ann Arbor, Mich., crit-
icized the attempts of a certain school of
Jewish thinkers who "have attempted to
dovetail the implied creed and implicit-
character of Judaism with the idealogies
of modern Humanism, secular Hebraism
and a non-religious or even irreligious
type of nationalism. These scholars,
warned Rabbi Bernard Heller, believe
that "allegiance to the Jewish people
rather than to the Jewish religion is
supreme and cardinal in Jewish life."
Dr. Samuel Schulman of New York
City, speaking before the Union Sym-
posium in Chicago at the 33rd Council,
declared that "Zionism," in his opinion,
was "the greatest piece of assimilation
that the Jewish people have ever ex-
perienced. It has assimilated away the
Jewish soul and has made of the Jewish
people a modern nation in the Western
sense of the word-something entirely
new and breaks altogether with Jewish
tradition." "Our -ideal," declared Dr.
Schulman, "is not to make of the Jewish
people a secular nation." The Jewish
people are to be regarded as a great
spiritual influence in the world-"not a
nation but the binding tie amongst all
nations-an eternal people, transcend-
ing distinctions of time."

Anniversaries
Among the significant anniversaries
observed during the year were the fif-
tieth anniversary of Temple Emanuel,
reform congregation of Montreal, Can-
ada, in November; the 90th anniversary
of the Plum Street Temple, Cincinnati,
Ohio, in December; the 200th anniver-
sary of Congregation Mikve Israel of
Savannah, Gerogia, which was memorial-
ized by the Union at its Chicago meet-
ing.
In October, Congregation Bene Israel
of Cincinnati appropriately celebrated
the 70th birthday of Dr. David Philip-
son, dean of the American Rabbinate,
whose birthday occurred on August 9th.


September 15, 1933


Mr. Vogelstein, on behalf of the Union
of American Hebrew Congregations,
sent an appropriate message of congrat-
ulations. The Alumni of the College
meeting in Milwaukee, paid him a beau-
tiful tribute.
On April 7th, Galvestonians of all
faiths and friends throughout the state
paid tribute to Dr. Henry Cohen, Rabbi of
Temple B'nai Israel, on the occasion of
his seventieth birthday and forty-fifth
anniversary of continuous ministry in
Galveston. Dr. Cohen was eulogized as
a humanitarian and reference was made
to the characterization of him by Pres-
ident Woodrow Wilson as "the foremost
citizen of Texas."
On February 28th Adolph S. Ochs and
Effie Miriam Ochs, daughter of Isaac
M. Wise, celebrated their golden jubilee.
On March 12, Mr. Ochs celebrated his
75th birthday. Mr. Ochs has frequently
acknowledged Judaism as the touch-
stone of his life.
Advance of Youth Work
SYMTOMATIC of the will to perpet-
Suate Judaism and to advance its pur-
pose have been the efforts of Liberal
Jewish leaders during the past year to
enlist the loyalty of the rising genera-
tion. Thus the Union, through its depart-
ment of Youth Activities, under the lead-
ership of Dr. Harr L. Comins, has pub-
lished an excellent monthly called "The
Youth Leader," for use in Youth Clubs,
and has sponsored and planned meetings
of youth leaders in various cities in the
United States. The National Federa-
tion of Temple Sisterhoods has actively
supported the Youth Work. Mrs. Albert
S. May, National Chairman of the Com-
mittee on Youth Folk's Temple Leagues,
has been especially active in the youth
program. In Cincinnati, Ohio, on May
5th, a Conclave of Jewish Youth was
attended by representatives of all shades
of Jewish opinion in the city.
In England, under the auspices of the
World Union for Progressive Judaism,
at the West London Synagogue of Brit-
ish Jews, on July 29th, a youth meeting
was held. Mr. L. I. Edgar, a youthful
and talented minister serving the Liber-
al Jewish Synagogue, St. John's Wood
Road, addressed the gathering on "What
Youth Hopes for From Religion." He
treated his subject from the point of
view of the personal life, social life, and
finally religious institutions.
In all the Youth meetings held during
the past year one senses a seriousness,
a candor, and a willingness for a self-
criticism on the part of the speakers.
Thus the director of the Hillel Funda-
tions, addressing the delegates to the
(Please turn to page 26)


Page Fourteen







Septen


Fifteen


THE HITLER regime has been in
power in Germany for six months.
It was swept into power on March
5th on the promise of bread and
work for the masses. Despite falsi-
fied figures issued for foreign con-
sumption, showing an alleged rise in
employment and in trade, the Hitler
government has made little progress in
approaching a solution of pressing eco-
nomic problems at home.
Its entire program today has consis-
ted of creating scapegoats in the farm
of Jewish and other minority groups.
Its "achievements" consist of a series
of decrees of expulsion and extermina-
tion which have ruined the Jewish popu-
lation in Germany, physically, economi-
cally, spiritually and brought about
Germany's isolation by the civilized na-
tions of the world.
In a little less than half a year, the
Hitler government has issued close to
100 decrees relating to the Jews, the
effect of which has been to expel them
from citizenship; deprive them of all
possibilities of livelihood; prevent their
children from procuring an education;
the property of the Jews is being con-
fiscated. They are denied the right to
practice the liberal professions, trades,
or in the mercantile field.. They may
not inherit land. They may not liquid-
ate their property for transfer abroad.
Their passports are withdrawn and free
exit abroad is denied them.
One hundred thousand Jews it is es-
timated are in dire need; some 80,000
Jews are in enforced exile abroad. One-
sixth of the Jewish population of Ger-
many has within six months been ruined
irreparably. How long the remainder
of the population will be able to subsist
in a land which has cut them off from
every right as human beings and as
citizens, no one can predict.
The situation is growing from bad
to worse. Each day brings its new crop
of edicts designed to strangle the Jew-
ish population until all breath of life is
choked off. And as Hitler struggles to
keep the ranks of the National Socialist
Party closed and the divergent elements
appeased, there is every reason to be-
lieve that a new stringency-if that is
possible-will be applied to Jews.
The record of persecutions of the Jews


has no parallel in modern history. At
least 300 Jews have been killed in Hit-
ler's "bloodless" revolution; at least 3,-
000 cruelly tortured. But this physical
violence pales in significance by the
side of the slow strangulation of eco-
nomic, political, cultural and social boy-
cott.
The picture of the situation in Ger-
many is portrayed in all its harrowing
intensity in the following decrees pub-
lished by the Hitler government. They
require no comment. The Day By Day
Record follows:
Hitler's War of Extermination Against
The Jews
Was announced on February 25th, with
the adoption of the program of the
National Socialist Party.
It was preached for 13-years by the
ever-growing ranks of the National So-
cialist Party.
It was launched on January 30th, 1933;
when Adolf Hitler, head of the National
Socialist Party, was named Chancellor
of Germany by President Paul von Hin-
denburg.
It become the avowed purpose of the
German government beginning with
March 5th, when Hitler and his Party
were returned to office by an over-
whelming majority in the national elec-
tions.
It is incorporated in the laws of Ger-
many in the following decrees:
March 25th: Jews who came into the
Rhenish Palatinate after August 1, 1914,
ordered to report to the Police; their
passports withdrawn and their bank ac-
counts confiscated.
March 29th: The German government
officially ordered a boycott against all
Jewish places of business for April 1st.
Business firms ordered to dismiss Jew-
ish employees.
March 31st: All Jewish judges and
attorneys ordered cleared from the
courts.
April 1st: Twenty-four American
Film companies ordered to dismiss the
Jews.
April 1st: Decree eliminating Jews
from practising as notaries issued by
Minister of Justice Kerrl:
"Maintenance of public order and se-
curity will be exposed to serious danger


if Germans are still liable to be served
with documents in legal proceedings
which have been drawn up or certified
by Jewish notaries. I accordingly ask
that Jewish notaries be urgently advised
in their own interests to refrain until
further notice from exercising their
calling.
"In this connection the attention of
notaries should be drawn to the fact
that should they refuse to comply with
this recommendation they will expose
themselves to serious dangers in view
of the excited state of public opinion.
Notaries should be recommended to in-
form the competent presidents of pro-
vincial courts that they will refrain
from exercising their calling pending
the issue of further regulations regard-
ing conditions applying to notaries."
April 2nd: The Prussian Minister of
Justice issued instructions to all presi-
dents of district courts, attorneys gen-
eral and presidents of offices superin-
tending prisons and correctional insti-
tutions in Prussia requesting "those con-
cerned immediately to invite all Jewish
judges on the bench to apply for leave
without delay and to grant such applica-
tions immediately. I furthermore re-
quest the authorities concerned to cancel
at once the powers of Jewish court clerks
and court attaches.
"Any Jewish judges refusing to apply
for leave shall be forbidden to enter the
court building on the basis of the law
of trespass."
April 4th: Government by decree
forbade exit from the country without
permission of the police. This ruling,
insofar as foreigners were affected, was
later withdrawn when found contrary
to treaties.
April 4th: Law for the restoration of
the regular Civil Service:
"Par. 1-(1) For the restoration of
a nationally minded Regular Civil Ser-
vice-there may be dismissed those who
come under the following rules, even
if, according to the general laws valid
at present there is no basis for such
action.
"Par. 3-(1) Civil servants of non-
Aryan origin must retire; as regards
the honorary officials they must be dis-
missed.


aber 15, 1933 The JEWISH UNITY Page




Hitler's Day by Day Record of



Persecutions of the Jews

By JOEL BERNE








The JEWISH UNITY


"(2) The above section does not ap-
ply to officials who were already em-
ployed as officers of the civil service
on the 1st day of August, 1914, or who
during the Great War fought at the
front for Germany or her allies, or who
lost their fathers or sons in the War.
Further exceptions may be granted by
the Minister of Interior, in cooperation
with the competent heads of specific
Ministeries or by the States' authorities:
regarding civil servants working
abroad."
"Par. 1-(4) The Federal Railways
Company and the Reichsbank are author-
ized to make arrangements in conform-
ity with these rules."
April 7th: First decree with reference
to the law for restoration of regular
civil service: Referring to Paragraph
3 of the law, the decree says:
"1. Non-Aryan descent means de-
scent from non-Aryan and especially
Jewish, parents or grandparents, even
though only one of the parents or
grandparents was of the Jewish reli-
gion.
"2. If a civil servant was not already
a civil servant on the 1st of August
1914, he must prove that he is of Aryan
Descent, or that he fought at the Front
in the War, or that he is the son of the
father of a man killed during the War.
"3. If the Aryan'descent is doubtful.
an opinion must be requested from the
authority on race questions (Sachver-
staendiger fuer Rasseforschung) of the
Ministry of the Interior."
April 7th: Schechita prohibited
throughout Germany.
April 7th: The withdrawal of the un-
paid subsidies of the past fiscal year to
Jewish religious and charity organiza-
tions ordered by Minister of Finance.
April 8th: All Jews forbidden to ma-
triculate in Bavarian universities.
April 8th: Jews barred from Leipzig
University for a period of ten terms.
April 8th: Jews ousted from public
offices, including schools, hospitals and
large number of industries and banks
which are controlled by the state.
April 10th: Law regarding admittance
to legal profession:
"Par. 1. The admission of lawyers,
who are non-Aryans within the mean-
ing of the law for the restoration of
regular civil service may be cancelled
until the 30th of September, 1933. This
rule may not be applied to lawyers al-
ready admitted before the 1st of Au-
gust, 1914, or who, during the Great
War fought at the front for Germany
or her allies or who lost their fathers
or sons in the war.
"Par. 2. Admission to the Lawyers'
Corporation may be refused to lawyers


who are not of Aryan descent in the
sense of the Law for the Restoration of
the Regular Civil Service-even if there
exists none of the reasons enumerated
in the Regulations for Lawyers.
"The same rule must be observed in
cases where a lawyer wishes to be ad-
mitted to another court."
April 10th: Law ordering "new elec-
tions of grand and petit jurors to take
place immediately. New commercial
judges to be appointed before July 1,
1933."
April 13th: Bavarian Minister of Jus-
tice issued decree declaring "grand and
petit jurors who are of Jewish descent
shall no longer be permitted to attend
sessions of the grand juries and crim-
inal courts. They shall be replaced by
assistant jurors who are not disquali-
fied on these grounds.
"Until the appointment of new com-
mercial judges, the following shall ap-
ply: Commercial judges who are of
Jewish descent shall no longer be per-
mitted to serve. The President of the
State Court shall appoint in their place
another commercial judge of the same
or another chamber."
April 13th: Wholesale ouster of lead-
ing Jewish professors, including Nobel
prize winners, is fully launched.
April 21st: Post office authorities and
National Telegraphic Company refuse to
accept messages to persons with ob-
viously Jewish names until names are
re-spelled to eliminate vestige of Semitic
origin.
April 21st: Telephone directory de-
mands phonetic spelling of all Jewish
names.
April 24th: All schools closed until
May 2nd, to permit the Hitlerization of
teachers, curriculum and books.
April 24th: Law concerning the ad-
mission to Patent Lawyers' Association.
"Par. 1. Patent lawyers who are
within the meaning of the Law for the
Restoration of the Regular Civil Service
non-Aryans may be struck off the roll
of the patent lawyers on file with the
Patent Office.
"This does not apply to patent law-
yers whose names were on the roll of
the first of August, 1914, or to those
who fought during the war at the front
for Germany or her allies, or who have
lost fathers or sons in the war.
"Par. 2. The admission to the exam-
inations referred to in par. 4 of the law
referring to patent lawyers and their
inscription on the roll of patent lawyers
may be refused to individuals who are
non-Aryans in the sense of the law for
the Restoration of the Civil Service."
April 25th: Law establishing numer-
ous clauses in schools, colleges and uni-


September 15, 1933


versities: It stipulates: "The number
of non-Aryan Germans, within the mean-
ing of the Law for the Restoration of
the Regular Civil Service, who may be
admitted to Schools, Colleges and Uni-
versities, must not exceed a number pro-
portionate to the Aryan students in
each school, college or university as the
total number of non-Aryans in Germany
is the total population of )Germany.
This proportion is fixed uniformly for
the whole of the German Empire at 1.5%.
If in certain schools the number of non-
Aryan students has, in accordance with
law, to be reduced, the proportion of
non-Aryans may be 5%.
"These rules do not apply in cases of
non-Aryans whose fathers have fought
during the War at the Front for Ger-
many or her Allies or to children whose
parents were married before the adop-
tion of this law if the father or mother
or two of the grandparents are of Ar-
yan origin. The number of these stu-
dents may not be included when calcu-
lating the quota of the non-Aryans."
Children of East European Jews who
entered the country after August 1,
1914, are to be entirely barred.
April 25th: Law ordering the unem-
ployment of Jewish physicians in Health
Insurance service, from which a large
proportion of physicians derive a major
portion of their income. The law de-
clares:
"Article 1. The work of panel doc-
tors of non-Aryan descent must cease.
Further admission of such physicians as
panel doctors in the national health in-
surance service is forbidden.
"Article 2. The registration is per-
mitted only if the physician is of Ger-
man nationality and is of Aryan descent.
Non-Aryan descent does not cancel a
doctor's registration if that doctor has
done military service during the war
on the side of Germany or her allies, or
if his father or sons have fallen in the
war.
"Par. 8 of the law stipulates that to
the petition for registration as a panel
doctor there must be attached:
"a. Birth certificate and certificate
proving that the petitioner as well as
his parents and grandparents are of Ar-
yan descent.
"b. For physicians of non-Aryan de-
scent the father or sons of whom have
fallen in the war, authenticated proof of
the fact.
"c. For physicians of non-Aryan de-
scent who have taken part in the war,
proof that they fought at the front or
rendered medical service at the front or
in an isolation hospital. -
"Par. 27: The associations of panel
doctors on the first of July, 1933, must


Page Sixteen







September 15, 1933

proclaim as cancelled the admission of
all physicians who are not capable of
being admitted in conformity with the
new rules. This need not be applied to
physicians who practiced before the first
of August, 1914, providing they have
not shown any Communist sympathies."
April 25: Jews ordered expelled from
Universities of Berlin and Dresden.
April 26th: Expulsion of holders of
Nansen passports decreed.
April 26th: Jews barred from Ger-
man sports organizations.
April 30th: Certificates issued to Ar-
yan clients in Baden by Jewish physi-
cians no longer to be honored for offi-
cial records.
May 4th: Second decree on law for
Restoration of Regular Civil Service:
"Par. 3. Service contracts of persons
of non-Aryan descent must be annulled
within one month, effective at the end
of the following month."
May 4th: Decree declaring that no
firm may have more than 3% Jews in
its employ.
May 4th: Race Bureau in Dortmund
ordered to gather racial statistics and
to help administer the laws against per-
sons of alien race in public employment
and the like.
May 5th: Famous Mosse publishing
firm, publishers of "Berliner Tageblatt,"
forced to give up paper to Nazis and
turn over earnings of past fifteen years
to establish fund for war veterans.
May 6th: Decree ordering the retire-
ment of officials of non-Aryan descent
to whom exceptions in the law do not
apply.
May 8th: Jews excluded from tennis.
May 9th: Minister of Interior Frick
lays down principles of educational pol-
icy for German schools, ordering empha-
sis on teachings of history and race
science. "Race science," he ruled, "will
receive adequate attention in all grades
of the schools in order that the pupil
may become well acquainted with the
fundamental qualities of the most im-
portant races and in order that his eye
for independent observation of racial
differences may be sharpened."
May 11th: Jews ordered dismissed
from editorial and managerial positions
on staff of Ullstein Company, one of
the largest publishing firms in Germany.
May 12th: Law forbidding the es-
tablishment of new retail stores or the
enlargement of existing retail stores,
specifically aimed at Jews thrown out
of professional life and seeking new ave-
nues of livelihood in this manner.
May 14th: Offices of Bavarian Jewish
societies and private residences of of-
ficers searched; funds and property
confiscated.


The JEWISH UNITY


May 15th: Law prohibiting Jews from
inheriting ldnd. According to Article 2
of the law:
"Only a German citizen of German
blood can inherit land as a farmer.
"German blooded is he who has neith-
er Jewish nor colored blood within four
generations.
"Future marriages with persons of
non-German blood deprive an heir ap-
parent of his legacy."
June 2nd: Marriage doles of 1,000
marks granted, but Jews were excluded.
June 9th: Germans ordered to re-
port all property abroad exceeding 1,000
marks. Penalty for failure to do so is
loss of civil rights.
June 21st: Bachelors, including Jews,
were ordered to pay tax to aid marriage
dole from which Jews are not permitted
to benefit.
June 27th: Jews excluded from the
German labor front of wage earners
formed by the government.
June 29th: Federal Minister of In-
terior Frick proposed the sterilization of
the Jews.
June 30th: At ten o'clock curfew hour
was set for Jews in the town of Tilsit,
East Prussia.
July 1st: The Minister of Interior
dissolved all branches of the Central
Union of German Citizens of the Jewish
Faith in Thuringia.
July 1st: Up to this date 60,000 Jew-
ish physicians were expelled from sick
funds.
July 6th: Jews prohibited from be-
ing life savers in Breslau.
July 9th: Chancellor Hitler declared
all political parties dead forever.
July 9th: None but Aryans and Nazis
permitted to join Greater German Chess
Association.
July 12th: All Jewish relief funds
were confiscated by the authorities.
July 13th: Jews excluded from all
mercantile and retail fronts by a new
decree ordering employees to make a
declaration of their non-Jewish descent.
This was preliminary to the formation
of a huge government labor front, mem-
bership within which is essential in or-
der to get jobs.
July 14th: Declaration that there ex-
ists in Germany only one political party,
namely the National Socialist Labor
party, and imposing a penalty of six
months to three years' imprisonment for
the organization of a new political party.
July 14th: 180 families of East Eu-
ropean Jews expelled from Germany by
order of the Breslau municipality for
no other reason than that they are Jews.
July 17th: Decree declaring that only
Germans, i. e., Aryans, may make movies


Page Seventeen


and Jews ordered ousted from all phases
of movie industry.
July 18th: Riech minister declares
that marriage subsidies cannot be spent
in Jewish shops.
July 18th: Citizenship law was issued
declaring citizenship by birth nullified
and rendering citizenship only open to
Nazis and members of the Labor front.
July 22nd: Minister of Justice Frank
declared all Jews would be thrown out
of the practice of law.
July 22nd: Prussian Premier Wil-
helm Goering issued a decree invoking
the death penalty for the dissemination
of so-called "atrocity propaganda," even
though the truth.
July 26th: Sale of grain or cattle to
Jewish dealers prohibited.
July 26th: Official order of Minis-
try of Education announces that all Jew-
ish lecturers throughout the Reich will
automatically be dismissed for the term
1933-34.
July 29th: Citizenship was withdrawn
from all East European Jews.
August 1st: By a new decree such
Jewish physicians as were permitted to
practice under the civil service law are
forbidden to consult with non-Jewish
physicians or to make recommendations
to them.
August 1st: Jewish firms were barred
from participation in style show.
August 3rd: The Association of Ger-
man Chemists expelled all Jews.
August 3rd: All Jewish student homes
in Wurzburg, Bavaria, occupied by Nazi
troops, confiscated and appropriated for
the use of the troops, while the Jewish
Student Association was ordered dis-
solved.
August 3rd: German girls prohibited
from keeping the company of Jews un-
der threat of punishment.
August 5th: Jewish architects barred
from membership in the Association of
German Architects.
August 7th: The municipality of Ba-
den announced that no Jews will be ad-
mitted to citizenship; no Jew, no de-
scendants of Jews and no person mar-
ried to a Jew will be able to obtain cit-
izenship.
August 7th: Jews ordered to leave
towns in Nuremberg area.
August 7th: Municipality of Debern-
dorf in Nuremberg prohibits members
of community from trading with Jews;
Jews forbidden to use public baths and
swimming pools.
August 8th: New ordinance amends
Civil Service law and permits only such
Jewish physicians to remain in practice
(Please turn to page 19)








Page Eighteen


The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1938


Anti-Semitism and How to Meet It


By RABBI MORRIS LICHTENSTEIN
Leader of Jewish Science


THE recent events in Germany have
astounded the world. They have hor-
rified the humane portion of humanity,
not only because of their heartlessness
and savagery, but also because they
are a menace to the very foundation of
civilization. When persecutions against
the Jewish people were rife during the
Middle Ages, the more enlightened cher-
ished the hope that when mankind shall
have outgrown its ignorance, its bar-
barism, its superstition, the unspeak-
able attacks upon the Jewish people will
cease. These Middle Ages were, after
all, enveloped in deep darkness and re-
ligious fanaticism. Centuries later, at
the end of the nineteenth and the be-
ginning of the twentieth, when pogroms
and oppression were the lot of the Jews
in Russia and Roumania, it was still
felt by the rest of the world that such
a tragic situation could obtain only in
semi-civilized nations and must resolve
itself when the sun of enlightenment
and knowledge would rise above the
horizon. But now that this savage per-
secution is taking place in a land of
supposed culture and enlightenment, now
that this rabid anti-Semitism is raging
in a land that boasts of its high contri-
butions to civilization, the human mind
that seeks anchor for its hope in the
future, stands altogether abashed, it is
altogether overcome.
We see now that anti-Semitism does
not necessarily take its roots in ignor-
ance, nor that it makes its exodus with
the incoming of enlightenment. We must,
therefore, in endeavoring to understand
the phenomenon of anti-Semitism, search
for another cause or causes, perhaps
deeper causes, to account for its incep-
tion and persistence.
Some have attributed the rise of anti-
Semitism to the spread of Christianity,
believing particularly that the story of
Christ and of his crucifixion, as it has
been transmitted among the ignorant,
from generation to generation, has sowed
the seeds of hatred for the Jew. Un-
doubtedly, the anti-Jewish stories con-
tained in the New Testament, and taught
at the most impressionable age, have
nurtured an inimical attitude towards
the Jew; undoubtedly, the opposition ex-
pressed by the early Christians to cer-
tain Jewish classes, has been sustained
through subsequent centuries, and deep-
ened the antagonism against the Jew


Nevertheless, we believe it would be an
error to identify th beginning of Jew-
ish suffering with the birth of Chris-
tianity. For we find that the Romans,
too, have harbored hatred against the
Jew, and the story of Esther tells us in
very dramatic terms that even in an-
cient Persia the Jew was not free from
persecution.

T IS the Talmud, we find, that has the
clearest understanding of the processes
underlying the phenomenon of anti-Sem-
itism. The Talmud says "that at the
moment when Israel stood before Mount
Sinai to receive the Ten Commandments,
hatred to Israel was born." This means
that from the hour the people of Israel
were formed into a distinct spiritual
group, from the hour they pledged them-
selves to become witnesses to the one
God, standard bearers of a high moral-
ity, and at the same time to relinquish
all the taints and impurities and super-
stitions of the other nations, from that
hour, the prejudice of the nations was
stirred up against them. It is the selec-
tion of Israel that has made all other
nations its enemy. As Israel grew into
a people that adhered to its own distinc-
tive laws, divinely ordained for them,
refusing to yield in matters of religion
to any other people on earth, the nations
of the earth found them a stiff-necked
people and different from themselves;
hence they became, and particularly dur-
ing the Diaspora, when they no longer
had a land of their own to bulwark
them, the object of intense hatred and
persecution. But the more it was de-
spised and segregated by the nations,
the more did Israel grow strong within
its own sphere; the more the others cast
him down, the greater was the unity
formed within its own ranks. Through
these adhesive forces within, the Jew
has survived; indeed, with many sacri-
fices and many wounds, but it has sur-
vived.
In recent times, the more civilized na-
tions of the world began to bethink
themselves of the injustice of religious
persecution, and slowly but surely came
to the realization that from any angle
there was no justification for their cruel
segregation of the Jew. And in accord-
ance with their new conviction, they
demolished the walls of the Ghetto and
offered the Jew equal political rights.


The Jew opened his eyes and thanked
God for the new freedom; he saw a new
horizon, promising hope; he beheld a new
sky with no black clouds to mar its
light. But his hopes were not altogether
justified; for while the religious preju-
dice actually abated, while the religious
ceremonies of Judaism were no longer
mocked at, and the freedom of faith
and worship was justly granted, yet the
discrimination which had been fostered
and accumulated through many centuries,
still persisted and they still persist to-
day. They are no longer called religious
prejudices; they have taken on different
airs and different forms.

T THIS moment we are particularly
interested in the course that anti-
Semitism has taken in German. Germany
has the distinction of always having
been the hotbed of modern anti-Semitism.
Germany is a scientific nation, and there-
fore everything that Germany does, right
or wrong, must have a scientific flavor.
As far back as the early part of the nine-
teenth century we find certain German
so-to-speak scholars pointing the way to
a scientific foundation for anti-Semitism.
They discovered, it seems, that the Semite.
is much inferior to the Teuton, and that
a juncture of the Semitic mind with that
of the Teuton would prove disastrous to
the latter, and that the participation of
the Semitic people in the affairs of the
Teutonic race would degrade the Teuton.
Here you have a scientific basis for
prejudice and discrimination against the
Jew! Hitler has gained ascendancy in
Germany chiefly through his propagan-
da hammering on the inferiority of the
Jew and the superiority of the Teuton.
But it appears that even Hitler cannot
explain why an inferior people, consti-
tuting less than one per cent of the pop-
ulation, should show such a predominance
in every field of intellectual and artistic
endeavor. He cannot explain why the
greatest of German jurists, the leading
physicians of the land, its greatestmu-
sicians and professors and inventors, its
kings of industry and commerce, should
all be Jews, members of that inferior
race.
But it is not our purpose at this mo-
ment to point out the absurdities and
stupidities of these prejudiced people,
ours is rather to see what we can and
(Please turn to page 20)


go' v!







September 15, 1933


The JEWISH UNITY


Page Nineteen


HITLER'S DAY BY DAY RECORD
(Continued from page 17)


in sick benefit posts as served at the
front during the World War.
August 9th: Jewish firm of Tietz or-
dered to dismiss 8,000 Jewish employees.
August 9th: The Prussian Ministry
of Interior decreed that only Aryans may
be officials of Prussian communes and
ordered the antecedents of applicants
and that of their wives investigated.
August 9th: Jewish dentists barred
from treating patients under the gov-
ernment's health insurance scheme.
August 10th: Burgomaster of Ober-
rossback, Nnterrossback and Limbach,
forbids Jews to enter towns without spe-
cial permission.
August 10th: Jews ordered to leave
town of Norderny, a summer resort.
. August 14th: Foreign Jewish papers
barred from Germany.
August 16th: Rule established that
Jews may not plead in courts or serve
as executors.
August 16th: Boycott of German films
in the making of which Jews assisted,
announced.
August 17th: Berlin court rules Jews
doing business in Germany act at their
own risk.
August 20th: Jews warned against
using public baths in Lauf, Upper Fran-
conion Town.
August 22nd: Municipality of Gross
Groebach bars Jews.
August 22nd: State commissar orders
Jews barred from Wannsee, Germany's
largest bathing resort.
August 22nd: Public telephones or-
dered removed from drug stores and
other places of business owned by Jews.
August 22nd: German exhibitors
warned against showing films in which
Jews or other "aliens" take part.
August 23rd: Three Franconian vil-
lages prohibit Jews from entering.
August 23rd: New Reich order calls
for documentary proof that all salaried
public officials and honorary officers of
the government and their wives are of
Aryan descent.
August 24th: The Prussian Minister
of Interior, in an official communique,
withdrew citizenship from Lion Feucht-
wanger, distinguished novelist; Dr. Bern-
hard Weiss, former vice-president of the
Berlin Police Department, and Dr. Georg
Bernhard, noted journalist, and for many
years editor of the "Vossische Zeitung."
August 24th: The German govern-
ment officially forbade the Maccabee
team from proceeding to Prague to par-
ticipate in World Maccabiade.


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Page Twenty


The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


ANTI-SEMITISM
(Continued from page 18)
should do to counteract anti-Semitism.
Anti-Semitism is one of the remnants o-
old savagery. It has its roots in in-
stincts from which humanity has long
been endeavoring to emancipate itself.
It can only be identified with the brute
stages of mankind. Why should men
hate one another? Why should races
harbor bitterness one against the other?
Why should some of the children of God
be so presumptuous and so tyrannical
in their dealings with their brothers?
There is no answer to these questions,
except that the brute has survived in
some natures and is seeking for human
blood to satiate its beastly appetite.


N OW, what is the Jew to do when
anti-Semitism breaks out in one
land or another? The Jew must
learn to do something which he
has never learned to do before,
and that is, stand his ground
and defend himself. Until today our
people, at least the large majority of
them, in the presence of anti-Semitism.
suffered silently; a very small minority
in cowardly manner, simply left their
ranks and surrendered their Judaism.
But this did not solve the problem at all.
On the contrary, it aggravated it; it
gave. courage to the enemy to persecute
with more vigor. We number many
millions, everywhere wide-awake, and
with these we should be able to form
some defense against outrage and per-
secution. Such a defense cannot, nat-
urally, consist of physical force, but it
can consist of everything else that is in
our power, and with these we can combat
atrocities against our people.


Our first aim must always be to strike
at the root of anti-Semitism. Wher-
ever we see it growing, we must do our
best to prevent its advance; we must
crush it in the bud. Let me illustrate
what I mean. The Jews in Germany to-
day surely deserve all the help and co-
operation that .we can possibly give
them. Yet let me say that the Jews
of Germany have in the past overlooked
something very vital, which, we believe,
would have prevented their present
plight. Hitler has been propagating his
intense anti-Semitism for more than a
decade, and the Jews of Germany have
done altogether too little to counteract
his wild agitation. The youth of Ger-
many has been brought up on anti-Sem-
itism, it has been fed on it from sunrise
to sunset, and yet we have not heard
of any attempt on the part of the Ger-
man Jews to expose Hitler's false accu-
sations, to disprove his wild and pre-
posterous claims, at least to present the
other side before the public mind of
Germany. Silence is sometimes a vir-
tue, but sometimes it is a gross error.
It is a virtue when it prevents its owner
from maligning or slandering a fellow
man, but it is an unpardonable mistake
when it keeps one back from necessary
self-defense. To the general public, si-
lence is sometimes a confession of guilt
it strengthens the hand of the false ac-
cuser. During the period of its plant-
ing the Jew can do a great deal to stop
the growth of bitterness against him.
He must not be satisfied with the thought
that no decent man would credit that
type of propaganda, or that the age of
Mediaevalism is past. Yes, perhaps it is,
but sometimes there is a recrudescence
of that foul disease.

O WE say that the Jewish people must
learn to fight anti-Semitism in its
budding state. For every anti-Jewish
article that appears, carrying its ma-


licious intent of defaming our race, there
must appear another or others, expos-
ing its falsehoods and its evil intent.
For every pamphlet, for every booklet
published with the purpose of casting
reflection upon the patriotism, the cour-
age, the honor of the Jew, there must be
others published to prove the malice and
falsity of those charges. When a novel
appears which portrays the character
of the Jew in unjust or bitter or mock-
ing terms, there must be vigorous criti-
cism, and a strong attempt on the part



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The JEWISH UNITY


of the Jewish critics to teach the read-
ing world the faithful and finer aspects
of Jewish life. This is what we mean
by self-defense; for people read, and
they are influenced by what they read,
and they act in accordance with the in-
fluences which they thus imbibe. And
just as every human mind is susceptible
to falsehood and to prejudice and to
hatred, so is it even more susceptible
to truth and to sympathy and to kind-
ness; but these human tendencies must
be appealed to in order to bring them
into action. By overlooking these, we
give evil a full opportunity to develop
and to prosper.
Self-defense, therefore, against anti-
Semitic propaganda is an absolute neces-


sity. In the past few months, we have
learned of two other great weapons
with which to fight our battle. We
have learned, in the first place, that lib-
eral humanity, the kinder, the more hu-
mane nations are unsympathetic to the
outrages of anti-Semitism. As each na-
tion is dependent upon the good will of
other nations, we must appeal to the
liberal minded nations to use their in-
fluence to put a stop to those deeply
(Please turn to page 24)


Sincere Good Wishes for a
Happy New Year
SHELDON DUBLER


Extending You The Season's Greetings
SEARS ROEBUCK AND CO.
1, Miami, Florida

r
A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL


RED CROSS DRUG
DEPARTMENT STORE
"AMERICA'S LARGEST"
^ -J


WISHING YOU A HAPPY NEW YEAR



Piggly Wiggly

"A LOCAL INSTITUTION"


Sincerest Good Wishes
for a

Happy New Year


Burdine's


WE DO OUR PART


Miami's Largest
Exclusive Tire Store

General Tire Co.
OF MIAMI
824 Biscayne Blvd.
Thru to N. E. 2nd Ave.

Phone 3-2661


BEST WISHES FOR
A HAPPY AND
PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR


September 15, 1933


Page Twenty-One







The JEWISH UNITY


The Major Problem

Of Jewry

A NEW YEAR MESSAGE
By ABRAHAM HERMAN
President of the Hebrew Sheltering and
Immigrant Aid Society (Hias)

HE year 5693 began somewhat inau-
spiciously and we all believed that
tines would be changing for the better.
We hbped that the days of distress with
itP unemployment and accompanying
suffering would soon give way to re
newed prosperity and work for all. The
clouds, it seemed to us, were lifting and
we dreamed of the sun piercing through
the blackness of the sky. Then sudden-
ly, there came a thunderbolt from the
blue. German Jewry, which for cen-
turies had not tasted the bitterness of
persecution and which was prosperous,
never seeking the aid of fellow Jews in
other parts of the world, was stricken
as Jewry was never stricken before.
600,000 Jews who by their efforts had
helped to make the German Empire
rich and mighty, who had given the
best that was within them for the wel-
fare of what was their Fatherland, be-
came the objects of virulent hatred and
violent oppression unequaled since the
days of Torquamada. At first, there
w4s the thought that conditions in Ger-
many as far as Jews are concerned
wbuld only be of a temporary nature.
But it soon became evident that the
Nazis were determined to crush these
6d0,000 of our people, body and soul.
Thousands and thousands fled leaving
everything behind them and the lives of
those who remained are made so mis-
erable, are so persecuted, there is no
other outlook but that of emigrating as
well.
What happened in Germany in 1933
is almost a repetition of the events that
transpired in Czarist Russia fifty years
ago, resulting then in the Jew having
to grasp the wanderer's staff and set-
ting forth in search of a resting place
for his weary head and tired feet.

W ORLD Jewry has protested, prayed
and fasted and paraded. But all
these manifestations of grief and of an-
ger and of outraged humanity offer no
permanent solution to the problem. Of
course, there has been immediate relief.
The destitute and the hungry and the
homeless are being taken care of, for
the time being. But what of permanent


relief? Whilst we of the Hebrew Shel-
tering and Immigrant Aid Society
(HIAS) are rendering immediate help
to the Jewish refugees from Germany
we viewed this entire question from a
larger and wider aspect. We at once
realized that this was a question of mi-
gration and we set about putting our
machinery in the foreign countries to
.work with that purpose in view. We
did not assume this attitude because of
any panicky condition or arising out
of a hysteria as a result of the terrific
blow that has been dealt to German
Jewry. We arrived at this conclusion
out of our experiences gained during
half a century of functioning. It is be-
coming evident now that our viewpoint
was the correct one.
There seems to be no safety for the
Jew in Europe with the exception of a
few favored countries. We have pointed
this out for many years now. We have
called attention to the condition of
world Jewry and have reasoned and
argued that world Jewry be on the alert


September 15, 1933


and prepare so that whenever the oc-
casion arises Jewry should be ready.
The past year has fully substantiated
this viewpoint.

W E ARE not writing this in a spirit
of pessimism or out of the heavi-
ness of our hearts. We are pointing the
lesson that has been learned at so terri-
fic a cost. We do not want American
Jewry to lull itself into a false security
or to be buoyed up by hopes that may
be shattered. We of the Hebrew Shel-
tering and Immigrant Aid Society say
emigration constitutes the greatest prob-
lem Jewry has to meet. The reports
we have received during the past year
not only of the German situation but of


J/ HAPPY NEW YEAR
J. L. Reed & Son
Florida and Palm Avenues
Phone 2259 Tampa, Fla.


PIGGLY WIGGLY STORES
of
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Sarasota-Winter Haven-Clearwater
WISH YOU ALL A HAPPY NEW YEAR



Where the discriminating Housekeeper Shops




TAMPA BRADENTON FT. MYERS CLEAR WATER ORLANDO
v WINTER HAVEN WINTER PARK
Wish Their Many Friends
A HAPPY NEW YEAR

r


Sholem


THESE High Holidays are a Time for Higher
Resolves, the turning point of the Year.
We Trust that the Year 5694 will advance the
chimerical ideals of Peace and Brotherhood which
in turn bring about a greater measure of universal
J happiness.

This is our sincere wish to our Jewish Friends



Tampa Electric Company

^- j


Page Twenty-Two







September 15, 1933 T h e JEW ISH UNITY Page Twenty-Three

conditions generally, convince us more
Compliments of the Season to Our and more that this issue will have to A HAPPY NEW YEAR
Friends and Patrons be met and not in a haphazard manner
GEO. L. DIXON CO. but constructively and on the lines of
continuity. We feel that there are yet SHELL'S GROCERY
Hotel and Restaurant Equipment countries in the world, wherein the op- 1235 S. W. 8th St.
1100 N. E. 2nd Ave. Phone 2-6751 pressed and persecuted of our people
can live securely and happily. It is a
matter of planning, it is a matter of
WISHING YOU A HAPPY negotiations and of directing the stream
NEW YEAR of migration.
Reviewing the events of the past year The Management of
JUDGE A. B. SMALL from a Jewish point of view the He-
brew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid So- WILLIAM PENN HOTEL
city once again sounds a note of warn-
ing. We cannot be like the ostrich who Miami Beach
Sincere Good Wishes for a buries his head in the sand and then SEND GREETINGS TO THEIR
Happy and Prosperous New Year imagines that he cannot be attacked. MANY FRIENDS
VICTORIA HOSPITAL Israel is assailed and the persecutor's
lash beats the Jewish body mercilessly.
925 N. W. 3rd Street Let us all work together, let us plan
together so that in the year that is
dawning, plans will be laid for bringing
SEASON'S GREETINGS! permanent relief to those of our people
who must wander and for whom new
JARRETT COFFEE CO. homes must be found. HAPPY NEW YEAR


507 N. W. Miami Court. Ph. 2-2174


Best Wishes for a Happy and
Prosperous New Year
Loftin, Stokes & Calkins
Ingraham Building



GREETINGS!


J. N. LUMMUS, Jr.



HAPPY NEW YEAR
Faunce's Ice Cream Co.
1631 W. Flagler Street
1819 Biscayne Blvd.
Roman Pools Bldg., Miami Beach


GREETINGS!

lorida Linen Supply
1403 N. W. 7th Court



BEST WISHES FOR TE ,
NEW YEA *

CLYDE CLEAN RS
1036 Biscayne Blvd. Phone 2-8265


May the New Year bring you Peace
and Happiness, Health and
Prosperity
Butler's Shoe Stores
Miami, Jacksonville, Tampa,
Orlando, West Palm Beach


BEST WISHES FOR THE NEW YEAR
May it bring to you and your family health
happiness, peace and prosperity. May it see
your hopes fulfilled and may it be rich in
the successful accomplishment of your
highest aims.

SHAW BROS.
OF FLORIDA, INC.
DISTRIBUTOR Gasoline Murrat Tires
Batteries Stations All Over Miami


SEABURY & CO.
Investment Securities
Phone 26726 112 Shoreland Arcade


May the solemnity and Spirituality of the
Holidays strengthen all
Friendship



HARRY M. SMOKER
"PACKARD SERVICE"
Complete Garage Facilities

340 N. E. 13TH ST. Phone 2-6783


IT IS A PRIVILEGE....

To Extend To You
Our Sincere Wishes for
STHE NEW YEAR


TH E KEYE lDM PANY


Real Estate Management Rentals
13 W. Flagler Street, Ground Floor Phone 2-7671
Branch Office: Washington at 5th St. Phone 5-1906








The JEWISH UNITY


ANTI-SEMITISM
(Continued from page 21)

anti-human acts. The minds of the more
civilized nations, that rebel against acts
of injustice, the conscience of the more
kindly nations, that feels outraged
against acts of unrighteousness and mer-
cilessness, must be appealed to interfere
with anti-Semitic cruelty and rapacity.
Anti-Semitism is no longer an outrage
solely against the Jew, it is an outrage
against humanity, and let humanity join
us in battling against it.


W E HAVE also learned recently that
iV in its battle against anti-Semitism,
the Jew possesses a great power
of which he has not been con-
scious hitherto. Every country to-
day must seek an international
market for the surplus of its national
production. The Jew, we know, occu-
pies a prominent position among the
merchants of the world; the Jewish peo-
ple of other lands, therefore, can use its
great purchasing power against the anti-
Semitic nation. Under the present cir-
cumstances, a boycott against German


products is decidedly effective and le-
gitimate. It will give German anti-
Semites a little taste of what it means
to have one's livelihood taken away. A
boycott of revenge we would surely op-
pose, the Jews have never been desirous
of vengeance; but a boycott by means
of which the enemy may be brought to
his senses, a boycott the object of which
is self-defense, is surely in place now
and must be encouraged and supported.
An anti-Semite nation must learn that
by oppressing the Jew, she indirectly and
directly also hurts herself.
The Jew, until now, has been silent
under persecution. Yes, he did indeed
invoke divine aid, but beyond that he
did naught. We, too, invoke divine help
at every step, but we realize that God
himself desires man to do his share. God,
we realize, desires man to do his share
of labor in his daily life; He desires
man to do his share in finding his sus-
tenance; and He desires man to do his
share in self-defense. We must be ready
to do our share and God will help us;
for He has always fought on the side
of justice and righteousness, He has
always fought in defense of His people,
Israel.


RECOMMENDED SERVICE

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irlS I1111S11SS11l1S1l1ll1111111lS1l1111l11S 11l111S 11S11S11S11 SSSSSSS1 ll ssslmslslsslsil Slll Sllllill llll nllIIl llli Sll lil~iS1111111l111S111 l11 S1 lil


ABSTRACTS
FLORIDA-DADE TITLE CORPORATION--'Title
plants with 48 years of service." Abstracts
and Title Insurance. 24 hour service. Entire
third Floor Security Bldg.
GUARANTY TITLE & ABSTRACT CORP.-Ab-
stracts, Title Insurance, Escrows. Second Floor
Security. Bldg., Don Peabody, President. Phone
25181.

AUTO PARTS
SIMPLEX PISTON RINGS-Panther rings by
Simplex. Piston Pins, Pins fitted, Rods aligned.
All jobs guaranteed. 722 Laura St., Jackson-
ville, Fla., Phone 5-0629.

AUTO REPAIRS
GENERAL REPAIRING All makes of cars.
Guaranteed workmanship. Also Storage, Wash-
ing, Polishing and Greasing. Very reasonable.
Becks Garage. 804 1st St., Miami Beach, Fla.
Phone 51422.
BAKERS
FRESH 4 TIMES DAILY-Vienna Rolls, genuine
Jewish Rye and Pumpernickle. August Bros.
Bakery, 361 S. W. 8th St. Delivery Service.
Phone 29435.

GROCERIES


es-s.


12.35
S. W.
8th St.


HOTEL & RESTAURANT SUPPLIES
WE CAN SUPPLY your every need. Geo. L.
Dixon Company, 1100 N. E. 2nd Ave Phone
26751.


PIANO TUNING
ALL MAKES OF PIANOS tuned and repaired.
30 years' factory work. Shop completely
equipped. W. Hehr, 1759 N. W. 1st St. Phone
21837.

PRINTING
KOHN PRINTING COMPANY
Everything in Printing.
701 Professional Bldg.
Phone 23522.
RADIO REPAIRS
RADIO REPAIR & ADJiTMENT SERVICE-
Free inspection. Best eqipped shop in Flor-
ida. 17 years in business fin Miami. Accurate
work, minimum cost. 388 N. W. 7th Ave.
Phone 25055.

REFRIGERATION
ELECTROLUX-The air-cooled Gas Refrigerator.
No moving parts, lowest operating cost. Ut-
ter permanent silence. Gas Appliances, Inc.
1601 N. E. 2nd Ave.. Phone 25233.

ROOFING
MIAMI ROOFING AND SHEET METAL WORKS.
Barrett Bonded Roofs. Johns-Manville Roofs.
127-129 N. W. Fifth St. Phone 2-7141.

RUBBER STAMPS
J. H. MALLETT
111 W. Ashley Street Phone 5-4836
Jacksonville, Fla.

TRANSFER & STORAGE
JOHN E. WITHERS TRANSFER & STORAGE
Co., Inc. Two fireproof constructed ware-
houses. Custom bonded. 1000 N. E. 1st Ave.
Phone 8-2667.


September 15, 1933


SINCERE GOOD WISHES

ERNEST MAAS, Inc
VP "Fashions in Good Taste"
511 Tampa St., Tampa, Fla.



BEST WISHES FOR
V THE NEW YEAR

Tampa Stock Farms Dairy
Tampa, Florida


SEASONS GREETINGS


HILLSBORO HOTEL
Tampa, Florida


THE

POINSETTIA DAIRY
TAMPA, FLA.

EXTENDS

V SINCERE WISHES

for the

NEW YEAR






HAPPY NEW YEAR




MAAS BROS.

Tampa, Fla.







May You Be Inscribed for a

HAPPY YEAR






FLORIDA MILK CO.

Tampa


Page Twenty-Four







September 15, 1933

THE CHURCHES AND CRIME
(Continued from page 11)
the direction of more rigid laws and
local ordinances, the problem of their
adequate enforcement has not yet been
solved. There can be no doubt of the
right of the government to prevent the
sale of unwholesome recreation just as
it has the right to prevent the sale of
unwholesome food. Questions involving
morals, however, are hard to deal with,
and the government faces serious per-
plexities when it attempts to operate in
this field. The indirect attack upon un-
desirable amusements by providing rec-
reational facilities of a wholesome kind
seems in the long run to have been the
most effective way of dealing with this
difficult problem."
Creating Intelligent Public Opinion
Finally, the churches can focus their
forces upon this great human problem
of delinquency and crime in ourselves,
in offenders causing social difficulties
in our communities, in those appre-
hended by the law, and in those con-
victs incarcerated in institutions. When
the churches really get excited about a
problem, great social awakenings for
good can occur. "The Church is a great
educational institution," Rev. Worth M.
Tippy of the Federal Council of the
Churches, reminds us. Dr. Tippy con-
tinues,
"The Churches have a great press.
We have between two and three million
people who are subscribers for church



FEMININE HYGIENE
M ODERN women use Sanex
products in the assurance
that they are safe, non-ir-
ritating antiseptics for fem-
inine hygiene. Please-for your own
sake-don't take chances. Sanex
has three convenient forms -
Powder, Jelle and Cones-all eco-
nomical.
AT RED CROSS DRUG
DEPARTMENT STORE


HAPPY
NEW
YEAR


Phone 20565


The JEWISH UNITY


papers. We have a great Sunday School
organization, presumably about twenty-
five million, with a couple of million
people teaching. With all the imper-
fections of the Sunday School, it is very
significant thing. You remember down
in the Indiana Reformatory, 65 percent
had never been in a Sunday School .
We also have our pulpits. We have
probably 220,000 churches-Protestant,
Catholic, and Hebrew, and we have 140,-
000 or 145,000 ministers, priests and
rabbis in charge of congregations. That
is a very great army."
Yes, it is a great army, and the need
is great, too. The problems involved,
1. An aroused conscience on the part
of Protestants, Catholics, and Jews re-
garding delinquency and crime.
2. Permanent community planning
councils, with consideration for child
and adult life in the light of causes and
cure of crime, including a church club
for every youth.
3. A committee in each local church
and synagogue,
(a) to study continuously the local
delinquency and crime situation.
(b) to cooperate with officers of the
law, mental health clinics, and other
social agencies.
(c) to study conditions and methods
in local jails and state prisons.
(d) to heighten the degree of effec-
tiveness of the churches in preventing
delinquency and remedying crime.
Crime is a stark problem facing
Catholics, Jews, and Protestants mutual-
ly. The current situation summons us
to co-operate as citizens. Perhaps the
most effective means will be to form
local community study groups, in which
thoughtful and earnest Catholic, Protes-
tant, and Jewish citizens will share in-
formation, methods, and enthusiasm.
Possibly some joint action will ensue.
In any case, American communities need
some such instrument to collect moral
energies like a great sunglass, and to
focus the Catholic, Jewish and Protes-
tant forces upon the causes and cures of
delinquency.



A Happy New Year



Frank A. Logan, Co.

First National Bank Bldg.


TAX ADJUSTMENT MATTERS


Page Twenty-Five


HAPPY NEW YEAR
Peacock Lumber & Supply Co., Inc.
LUMBER AND BUILDING MATERIAL
Hardware Sash and Doors
COCONUT GROVE, FLA.


Best Wishes For a Successful
and Happy New Year
ETHELDA M. BETTER
Shenandoah Beauty Shoppe
Phone 2-0412 1170 S. W. 17th Ave.



ROSH HASHONAH GREETINGS
to all our Friends

Sunny South Paint Co.
801 N. Miami Ave.


A HAPPY NEW YEAR
TO ALL
Drink



In Bottles
Miami Coca Cola Bottling Co,



Best Wishes for the New Year



PEOPLE'S GAS CO.



637 Washington Avenue
Miami Beach






May the New Year Bring
Life and Sustenance, Con-

tentment and Peace



HIALEAH
BREWING
COMPANY

Hialeah, Fla.


131 Shoreland Arcade







The JEWISH UNITY


The City Finance Co.
234 N. E. First Street
Extends Best Wishes for jhe
New Year V



HAPPY NEW YEAR

Florida Sugar Distributors

JACOB RUPPERT BEER



Sincere Wishes for the
New Year

DAN HARDIE



Sincere Good Wishes
To All

JAMES A. DUNN


Compliments of the Season
To Our Friends and Patrons
H. H. TRICE & CO.
Real Estate and Property
Management
210 E. Flagler St. Phone 3-1758



SEASONS GREETINGS

PACKARD MIAMI
MOTORS, Inc.

PACKARD
HUDSON TERRAPLANE

1740 N. E. 2nd Ave. y




COMPLIMENTS OF

CURTISS
Aero Car Company


306 Avenue Valencia
CORAL GABLES, FLORIDA
(Greater Miami)


A REVIEW OF LIBERAL JUDAISM
(Continued from page 14)






















Victor Emanuel Reichert
National Federation of Temple Sister-
hoods, objects to -the segregation of
youth as a class apart.
"We constantly hear of the youth
problem," Dr. Sachar said, "youth being
assailed as irreligious, or as restless,
or as revolting against the traditional
moral code, or as dominated by the crud-
est materialism. But there is no such
class apart. Youth does not live in a
vacuum. Young people live in a society,
they share its forces, they are molded
by the currents which mold all men and
women. If young people are in revolt
against dogmatic religion it is because
society in general is in such revolt. If
young people seem to be swallowed up
by a class materialism, it is because the
environment in which they live is shot
through with such a spirit."
Particular mention should be made of
the work of the Union with Jewish stu-
dents at Universities. Regional Rabbis
visited a number of colleges in the North
Central, the South East and the North
East regions of the country and made
worthv4(hile contacts 'with the Jewish
students in these institutions of learn-
ing.
MONG the new books issued by the
Union during the past year, mention
may be made of "Peace Stories for Little
Children" by Dr. Abraham Cronbach;
"The Unconquered" by Joseph Gaer;
"Gilenu, The Play-Way to Hebrew" by
Dr. Emanuel Gamoran and Abraham H.
Friedland; and "The Jewish Peace Book"
by Dr. Abraham Cronbach. The De-
partment of Synagogue and School Ex-
tension also began during the past year
the publication of the "The Jewish


September 15, 1933


Teacher," a Quarterly Magazine for
Jewish Religious Schools.
Other books of interest were "The
Beloved Rabbi" by Max E. Berkowitz
(the story of Rabbi Henry Berkowitz);
Rabbi Marvin Nathan's "Attitude of
Jewish Student in the Colleges and Uni-
versities towards his Religion"; "Reli-
gion and its Social Setting" by Abra-
ham Cronbach; "History of the Mar-
ranos" by Cecil Roth; "Josephus" by
Lion Feucht-wanger.
Thus viewed in rapid perspective, the
Jewish year 5693 has been one of the
most critical and trying in our whole
history. We have passed through an
ordeal of fire such as has rarely fallen
to the lot of any people. German Jewry
its head bloody, bears with unexampled
courage the cruel lash of the frenzied
oppressor. But world Israel is only
spurred on the more to strengthen its
defenses to meet the onslaughts of the
foe without and the lassitude and in-
difference within its own ranks. As the
New Year, 5694, dawns, it may be said
that soberer, more resolute and more
united Israel marches on into Time
strong in the will to carry forward the
deathless hopes and ideals of Judaism!


HAPPY NEW YEAR


DR. M. R. MORRIS



HAPPY NEW YEAR


FRED PINE


HAPPY NEW YEAR
PACIFIC LUMBER &
SUPPLY CO.
/ 1505 N. W. 1st Avenue
Phone 3-2422


HAPPY NEW YEAR

ROBBINS ROOFING
and Sheet Metal Co., Inc.
222 N. W. 26th St.

Responsible Roofers Since 1919
c,
Phone 2-3705

Inspections and Estimates Free


Page Twenty- Six








September 15, 1933


The JEWISH UNITY


Page Twenty-Seven


Wishing You

A, Happy New Year



BECKWITT OPTICAL CO.
S36 N. E. 1st Aye.

CAMERON AWNING CO.
234 Alhambra Circle
Coral Gables

DOBSON & CO.
S. W. 8th Ave. and 4th St.

GULF STREAM ICE CO
S2037 N. W. 7th Ave.

HIPPODROME CIGAR STAND
7 N. E. 2nd Ave.

THE HUB DRY GOODS
129 N. Miami Ave.

SLeLIAN KRUMM
147 N. E. 1st St.

MIAMI MULTIGRAPHING CO.
108 N. W. 1st Ave.

MIAMI FURNITURE CO.
400 N. Miami Ave.

NEHI BOTTLING WORKS
540 N. W. 24th St.

J/PEPPS FISH CO.
65 N. W. 5th St.

B. L. RIESNER, Inc.
59 N. W. 14th St.

. THE SCHLAMP STUDIOS
2134 Biscayne Blvd.

TOKIO ROOF GARDEN
Chop Suey Chow Mein
272 West Flagler St.

W. C. WATSON

PARKMOOR GRILL
3100 N. W. 7th Ave.

ROSEDALE DELICATESSEN
170 N. W. 5th St.

FLORIDA BEER DISTRIBUTORS
456 W. Flagler St.

O'NEAL BLOCK CO.
1338 N. W. 29th St.

E. B. GLADSON
3017 Douglas Road


/RADIANT OIL CO.
9 58 N. W. 73rd St.


This picture, "My Father's Legacy," drawn by the well-known artist,
Todros Zeller, is one of five lithographed drawings which appears
in the new Art Calendar for 5694 published annually by the National
Federation of Temple Sisterhoods.




1}Iersun (liretminge


-A-
MR. AND MRS. G. AUGUST
extend New Year Greetings.
-B-
MR. HARRY BASS
extends New Year Greetings.
-C-
DR. FRANK CORET
extends New Year Greetings.
MR. AND MRS. ISIDOR COHEN AND FAMILY
extend New Year Greetings.
-D-
MR. AND MRS. JERRY C. DAYISSON
extend New Year Greetings.
MR. AND MRS. JULIUS DAMENSTEIN
AND DAUGHTER -
extend New Year Greetings.
-E-
MR. W. P. EAVENSON
extends New Year Greetings.
-F--
MR. AND MRS. ARTHUS FINNIESTON
extend New Year Greetings.
MR. AND MRS. J.lS:-rIELDS
extend New Year .Greetings.
DR. RAYMOND FISHER
extends New Year Greetings.
-G-
MR. AND MRS. HARRY GORDON
Extend New Year Greetings.
MR. AND MRS. ROLAND W. GRANAT
AND DAUGHTER
extend New Year Greetings.


-H-
CARL HOFFMAN
extends New Year Greetings.
-K-
MR. AND MRS ABE ,KOHN AND FAMILY
extend New Year Greetings.
-L-
HYMAN LIEVER
extends New Year Greetings.
-o0-
MR. HENRY L. OPPENBORN
extend New Year Greetings.
-P_
DR. J. W. PUFFER
extends New Year Greetings.
-R
DR. AND MRS. A. E. ROSENTHAL
AND CHILDREN
extend New Year Greetings.
MR. AND MRS. ABE RUBIN
extend New Year Greetings.
-S-
MR. AND MRS. PETE SIMON
extend New Year Greetings.

MR. AND MRS. W. L. WILLIAMS
extend New Year Greetings.

MR. AND MRS. SAM WEISEL
extend New Year Greetings.

MR. AND MRS. SIDNEY WEINTRAUB
AND SON
extend New Year Greetings. >


J I.







'Page Twenty-Eight T he JEW ISH U N I T Y September 15, 1933

NAZIDOM IN THE UNITED STATES
BEST WISHES FOR THE (Continued from page 5) Compliments of the Season
NEW YEAR from
The Hamburg-American Line as well
JUDGE E. C. COLLINS seems to cooperate with the local Nazi JUDGE W. F. BLANTON
groups. It is known that it has placed
its steamship the "SS. Resolute" at the
disposal of the "Friends of New Ger-
many" for a dance on September 10th.
Sincere Good Wishes for the Officers of the liners of the latter, it is SINCERE GOOD WISHES
New Year alleged, attend meetings and visit the
DR. H. A. LEAVITT headquarters of the groups mentioned.
One of the more important leaders, DUVAL JEWELRY CO.
127 N. E. 5th St. whose name does not appear publicly
very often, is Count Sauerma-Douglas,
regarded as the head of espionage ac-
tivities. The latter, it is stated, directs
Accept my sincere wish for hap- the spying activities on Jewish families
and Jewish organizations. Too, he issues HAPPY NEW YEAR
piness during the coming Year orders to Nazi spies functioning in labor
and anti-fascist organizations. Many
S. PIERRE ROBINEAU White Russians allegedly are amongst VICTOR POWE
his close assistants. White Russians
play an important role in the espionage
system because they are able to attract
more confidence as Russians than as
MR. AND MRS. M. RAUZIN Germans. An active member of the Sincere Good Wishes for a
White Russian delegation in this activity Happy New Year
is a chemist by the name of O. Memzel. MRS. FRANK McGHAN'S
Extend._most sincere wishes for a FUNERAL HOME
Happy New Year AZI propaganda is also contributed AMBULANCE SERVICE
11by the so-called "Liberation" group 29 N. W. 3rd Ave. Phone 2-3535
founded by William Dudley Pelley and
operating from Asheville, N. C. This
SEASONS' GREETINGS latter group's official name is "The Sil-
From ver Shirts". The organ of the "Silver May Your New Year Be
THE CATE SCHOOL Shirts" is "Liberation". The propaganda a Happy One
of of this group is rather more subtle and Everglades Paper Co.
Individual Instruction in every issue of the publication, the COARSE AND FINE PAPERS
807 Collins Ave. Miami Beach views of representative Louis T. Mc- 26 N. W. 7th St. Phone 3-2176
Fadden, notorious anti-semite, are ex-
tolled. On June 3rd, the magazine car-
ried an article by Dr. Anna B. Sloane,
SOUTHERN which not only defends the anti-semitic
CAFETERIA program of Hitler, but agitates against HAPPY NEW YEAR
356 E. Flagler St. American Jews on the same grounds. Miami ivri Hospital
Mr. Pelley, it is alleged, is in con- Miami Riverside Hospital
Extends to Their Jewish Friends stant communication with Nazi head-
A VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR quarters in New York on questions of 1450 S. W. 7th Street
tactics, etc. and there seems to be little
doubt that they are linked in their anti-
semitic program.
A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL COMPLIMENTS OF
ASTLING'S W. L. PHILBRICK
Filling Station and Barbecue
36th St. and 27th Ave. Miami Serving Greater Miami
Serving Greater Miami i
Happy New Year Phones 2-3456-2-6641
ra rw nn


The Nicely Funeral Home
1236 Washington Ave.
MIAMI BEACH
Extends Best Wishes for a
Happy New Year


Extending Best Wishes for a
Happy, New Year
TANNER'S STORES
1753 1263
N. E. 2nd W. Flagler
Avenue .. Street _






September 15, 1933 T h e JE W I S H U N I T Y Page Twenty-Nine

r a' SHALL WE ENCOURAGE SEPARATE
Sincere Wishes for a Happy New Year YOUTH SERVICES?
(Continued from page 6)
M IA M I C 0 0 K 'S, IN C. permanent bonds of interest and com-
panionship. The real difficulty arises
1733 N. W. Seventh Avenue from the fact that ONLY the adult or
ONLY the youth experiences a service.
Distributors of Then there is no basis for companion-
ship grounded upon common religious
Cook's Goldblume Beer experiences.
Perfection of the Brewers' Art EASSURANCES in reference to the
J I fourth objection also come from the
young people themselves. Their desire
to worship at independent services is
not at all based upon a conviction that
such services will INTRINSICALLY be
of greater merit than the old and time-
tested adult service. No one is attempt-
W fishing A Happy and Prosperous ing to write SUBSTITUTE services for
adults. Nor does anyone aim at un-
New Year to Our M any dermining the faith in the worth of the
adult prayers and ritual.
S We have come to recognize that in
Jewish Friends the process of growth, it is not the
QUALITY of the product which matters
so much. It is the direction, the aim
Sof the activity which is of moment. It
The City Ice Fuel Co. is the PURPOSE of the action which is
important. We can hardly hope to de-
velop the finest poetry, art, music, etc.,
before young people reach matur-
2637 N. Miami Avenue. Phone 32191 ity. But what we can hope for is that
their interests will be in those directions.
Once this interest is established, we
Y j have done all within our power. The
rest depends, in a large measure, upon
the inherited talents of the individual.
These considerations are pertinent to
our problem. Granting that the services
5694 1933 developed by young people do not com-
Spare favorably in quality with adult
services, the desire and interest on the

should be cherished. If such a purpose
ROSH HASHONAH 'j '" orsh inchis own way
exists, we should by all means encourage
Sit, because if it exists in the youth, it
This opportunity to extend our greetings will most likely exist in the man. The
to our Jewish friends is gladly accepted. desiression worthwhile; the highest reacheforms
of expression will come when he reaches
It is our sincere wish that your cup of life the highest stage in his development.
Denying this desire will either destroy
be brimful of health, wealth, happiness and it or convert it into hostility towards
prayer and worship in all forms.
prosperity.
SM O O THE FIFTH objection is also a pro-
~i~ j I A M LI U found one. It touches upon the sta-
MORRIS PL AN COMPANY bilizing of tradition, and hints at is-
sues which involve the fundamental doc-
OF M IAMI trines of Reform Judaism. How much
of modern Reform Judaism is a faithful
105 N.E. First Ave e reflection and reproduction of the Ju-
irt AV e daism of antiquity? If the change has
been enormous, and it undoubtedly has,
VINCENT R. BRICE, Manager what can we say of the stabilizing in-
Sfluence of tradition? Nor can we ex-







The JEWISH UNITY


September 15, 1933


Best Wishes for the New Year

Miami Wholesale Grocery Co.

216 N. E. 11th Street



GREETINGS
FROM


JUDGE W. F. BROWN




SEASONS GREETINGS


SOUTHERN DAIRIES


HAPPY NEW YEAR

SIDEBOTTOM
ICE CREAM CO.
715 N. W. 34th St.



BEST WISHES FOR THE
HOLIDAYS

Miami Plating Works
1146 N. E. 2nd Ave.




SINCERE GOOD WISHES
FOR THE NEW YEAR

P & A GARAGE
53 N. E. 8th St.




HAPPY NEW YEAR
Alexander Orr, Jr., Inc.
PLUMBING
45 N. W. 3rd St.



HAPPY NEW YEAR

Beach Shoe Repair Shop
518 Collins Ave.
Miami Beach


pect the Liberal Judaism of today to re-
main intact and untouched by the mael-
strom of social forces which are affect-
ing the very roots of our social exist-
ence. To what extent will the Liberal
Judaism of tomorrow be the outcome
of the stabilizing force of tradition?
It is certainly true that part of youth's
dissatisfaction with the adult service is
due to the rebellion against the STATUS
QUO of institutionalism in general rath-
er than to inherent defects in the serv-
ice. However, since the needs and in-
terests of young people are admittedly
somewhat different than the needs of
adults, there must be a substratum of
truth in their desire for separate serv-
ices.
Such a restlessness is a healthy sign
that tradition is being challenged by
youth to make its perennial adjustments
to new conditions. It is a sign that the
leaders of Reform Jewry, as reposi-
tories of tradition, are being challenged
to lead young people to adjust their
thinking in accordance with the best in
that tradition. To the extent that we
understand the "Reform" in Reform Ju-
daism to mean "re-forming," "re-mak-
ing" is youth's desire for leading its
own religious life in full accordance
with tradition of change and adjust-
ment in which Reform Judaism has his-
torically conceived.

THERE is of course the danger that
youth will run amuck. But this can
hardly serve as a restraining influence
towards necessary readjustments. It
should rather be the occasion for ex-
ercising a careful leadership to assure
that changes are basically evaluated.
Our concern should also be with conser-
ving the Jewish elements in Reform as
well as the remaking elements. Con-
tinuous progress can best be attained
by preserving a proper balance between
these two factors in Reform Judaism.
Youth would take the bit in his teeth
and be off in the direction of change,
but the experienced jockey never jerks
the reins. He gently curbs his steed
until the proper speed and direction is
attained.


WISHING
YOU HAPPINESS
THROUGHOUT THE
COMING YEAR



DR. E. J. HALL


Best Wishes for a Happy and
Prosperous New Year

DR. E. THOMAS KINSEY



HAPPY NEW YEAR
Metropolitan
BAR AND LUNCH
Sporting Headquarters
N. E. SECOND AVE. AT SECOND ST.
On Draught-Cook's and Schlitz
J. R. BROWN, Manager



A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO ALL


Combs Funeral Service
MIAMI MIAMI BEACH



Best Wishes for a
HAPPY NEW YEAR

FRED HOWLAND, Inc.
GENERAL CONTRACTOR
Postal Building



Accept My Most Sincere Good
Wishes for the Coming Year

H. E. ROSS
CITY CLERK



Accept Our Sincere Good Wishes


WHIPPLE COMPANY
Store Equipment
1798 N. W. 20th St. Phone 28723


HAPPY NEW YEAR
CHILI JACK
Miami's Original Makers of Real
Mexican Dishes
Beer drawn from wood
Chili sold in containers to take out
1032 Biscayne Blvd.



HAPPY NEW YEAR

EVRGLADES HOTEL
%0 Miami, Fla.


Page Thirty















Happy


New


Year!


AS you turn a new leaf and begin a New
Chapter of achievement, we hope it
will bring into view a greater measure of
prosperity and happiness than in the year
just gone by. We hope that the even
great achievements of the Jewish race in
the past will be surpassed in this New
Year. May the arrival of the New Year
bring you naught but health and hap-
piness and prosperity. May the Supreme
Being smile kindly upon you and yours.


I I


The


Miami Herald
"Florida's Most Important Newspaper"


FRANK B. SHUTTS, Publisher
Read THE SUNDAY MIAMI HERALD only Sunday paper in Miami with
Associated Press service.


N---P-~~-ca


L;r~-2~5-~












Crush War and/You'll Crush Hitlerism

THE HITLER REIGN OF TERROR
PROCEEDED LOGICALLY FROM THE WORLD WAR


THE war resulted in the Ver- slaughter' house. You drive a
sailles settlement. Hence bayonet through the bowels
Germany became ripe for of: a manr you never saw be-
Schauvinism in its extremest fore. You Jave your jaw shot
form. What a breeding ground of!f-- you are blinded at"
for a demtagogue! He arose, tacked with poison gas from
He knew that people respond which you die a horrible, ling-
to a hate motive. He sounded ering death. WAR IS HELL!
the primitive tribal appeal to
stamp out whatever is differ- How to stop war? It can
ent. He unified the nation on be stopped just ps duelling
the basest of motives: hatred has been. Diplomacy has fail-
and persecution. But note this ed. Unaided it will always
point: Hitlerism sprang logi- fail. But diplomacy backed by
cally and sequertially from public opinion can stop war.
war. When Mary Woolley returned


Hitlerism lies latent in
many countries, Russia under
the Czar had its pogroms. We
have had our own Ku Klux
Klan. War Militarism -
Persecution of minority
groups-here is a trio of evil
forces logically linked. Stamp
out war aud you stamp out
Hitlerism -

,Can War Be
** Abolished?
War must be abolished. If
we don't crush wr-war will
crush us. What a brutal, stu-
pid senseless thing is war!
Even when yolywin you lose.
Who woan4f last great war?
Who won*iBe San Francisco
earthquake?. War is stupid-
ity savagery insanity.
As fought today it is about
as "glorouS" as a Chicago


from Geneva, she said "We
must have moral disarma--
ment. We must mould public
opinion." That is what World
Peaceways is organized to do.
We are.solidlx behind Bruce
Barton'S project of a govern-
meht, fund ior advertising
Peace. We recognize the need


"You rrnist read his now fa-
,::out~article "Let's Advertise
this ATfTT' We have distri-
buted'thousands of copies. We
are beginning nationally; we
intend to operate internation-
ally. Advertising propa-
ganda that is;our method.
We are publishing messages
like this in media'with a cir-
culation of millions. We are
a purposeful, practical, busi-
ness group which knows what
advertising can do.


World Peaceways
Hotel Roosevelt, New York ity


Help us to down War. Help
us to build a nobler civiliza-
tion. A dollar contributed to
us does $100 worth of work
for Peace.

Act Today
Send us a dollar; more if you
can afford it-less if you can't.
Send stamps, check, money-order
or registered mail. Every contri-
butor will receive a copy of Bruce "
Barton's "Let's Advertise .this
Hell!"

Our Board Members antd
EndorsersF include:
Rabbi Jonah B. Wise
Mrs. Rebekah Kohut
Estelle '. Sternberger
Bruce 'Barton -
Stanley High
Mary E. Woolley
Prof. Franz Boas
Prof. Benj. R. Andrews
Rabbi Sidney Goldstein
James G. McDonald
Walter Dill Scott ,_,
Norman Thomas
Alvin Johnson ,i
Theresa Mayer Durla i ;
Dr. Max Winkler
Prof. Harry Allen Overstree-
Prof. Carlton J. H. Hayes
Dr. Lynn Harold Hough -
Tucker P. Smith
Rev. Reinhold Niebuhr
Dr. George S. Counts
Dr. Alvin C. Goddard
Herbert S. Houston
etc., etc.

UNImT
World Peaceways, Hotel Roosevelt, N. Y. City
Here is my contribution. I am showing your
appeal to friends with the hope that they too
will respond.
Name .............
Address ................... .... ......... ..
City ...................... ...................
State .... ................. ........... .....


I.-'.<


A4061.-_. I


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Magic City Engraving Company

Halftones Colorplatlos
Cldverli.Slu, g i rt


301 "Dally N.\S To\'er


Phone 22742


Miami-Florida.
Ilovember


SOLD TO


11, 1931.
TERMS
NET CASH


The Jewish Unity,


1 Combination Halftone and Line


on Zinc Quoted
10'.


QI~C


OUR NUMBER


YOUR NUMBER
20058


2 7.30
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S. I0


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