|
0) TE! 3 SP ee
FROM 4A
NE Boo G eRe sO
AND OTHER
FAPERS RELATIVE
TO THE
SLA Mes T RADE,
wT stot
Mascuesren, Fronvany ath, 1588,
N the fecond Number of a new periodical Work
called the Rrrosrrory, under the Tile Original
Article, I find the following Letren of a Ne~
Gxol—and whatever may be the Colour of the Wri-
tet’s Face, the Strength of his Arguments renders
any Apology nnneceflary for laying it, at this "Time,
before the Public. “To the cool confideration of the
calm Philufophers, Findex and Angin *, I ftrangly
recommend it; and I hope the cae difnterefied
Bryrisy Anyocares for Stavenry will not deem
it unworthy of their Perulal.
L.
= Wilers under thefetignatures, who hive lately favoured
the public with thelr fentiments in favour af the African Slave
"Trade, in the Liverpool and other newlpapern; towlinm balis
recommend the following Extinét from the Petition to the
Houle of Commons of the Inhabitants of the tewn wnd nelph-
four hood of Sheficld, foretieétion the Abolition of that Traite.
“Your Petitioners, thetefanm, hurnbly Vollelt this Honourable
" Houle to proceed to a full and thorough ineefligation of this
© important fubjeéh: and if the mofl weighty and urgent reo
“ fons cannbt be oppoleil to thole advanced by your petitioners,
“and if thos who are wore dumediately coiceenedl in the
© gueition, canbat prove the Sieve Trade from) frien to be
* agreeable to the didtates of Humanity, conformable to jutt
“ jdens of Liberty, and confiflene with the genuine precepts of
Religion, that thie! ‘this Hononrablé Howe will take: fie
“ fepeasin their wittony may be deemed neceffary, for the
* abolition of that inhumpin and dipreceful traffic.’
LETTER
Ts ee
LETTER or a NEGRO,
AM one pf that wnfortunate tree of men who are
diftinguithed from the vel of the human ‘fpecies
bya black fin and’ woolly hairs difudvantages
of very little moment in thomfelves, but whieh prove
fo ura folirce oF the greaceit milery,) betaute there
are men who will wot be perfuaded, that ts pollible
fara human fail to Ge lodged within a fable body
The Welt Indian planters could not, fF they thoaphe
ts mon! fo seahtonly (pillicur titead ; tor confd: the
natives of this laid of liberty, decoong aa af the fame
fpecieaawith themielves; (utils to he inttramental in:
euflaving as, or think us proper faljeSs of a fordidé
commerce, | Yet, (rong aa the prepidices apaiait we
are, it will-not, TD hape; on’ thié fideithe Athinticy be
confidered usa crime for a poor African nov to con-
fels himbelfia ‘being of an Inferior order tothol, who-
Rappen to be of a diferent colour from himfelf; or
be thoneht very prefimptuots in one who is but a
Negro, to offer fime refleCtions apon the wretched’
condition oF his countrymen, to the happy fubjecte
of this free government. They will not, 1 trufty:
think worfe af my brethren for being difeontented
with fo hard @ lot as thet of flavery; nordifown
me for their fellowsereature, merely becaule D-deeply
fcel-the unmeriéed fullerings which my countrymen:
eudine.
Aes It
Clas
It is neither the yanity of being».an author, nor a
fudden? and ¢apricious galt of humanity which has
prompted'the prefent defign. Ir haa been long eon-
ceived, and long been the principal fubject of my
thoughts. Ever fince an indulgent matter rewarded
omy youthful fervices with freedom, and Supplied me:
“at a very curly age with the meéansof acquiring,
knowledge, I have laboured to wnderitand the true
principles on which the Jibertics of mankind are
founded, and-to poflefs myfelf of the language of thin
country, in arder to plead the caule of thole who
were once my fellaw-flaves, and, if polliley, to make
my freedom, in fome degree, the intlrument of their
deliverance.
‘The firth thing then which feems neceflary, i ore
der ta temove thofe prejudices which are fy unjuilly
entertained againit us, in to prove tharwe tiie mens
atruth which isdifficultof proof only, becaule it is.
difficult to imagine by what arguments ie can Yeepm=
hated, Cam it becontended! that a difference of co-
lour alone:ean-determine a difference of fpecica? and
if not, ia what fingle cireumfance are we different
from mankind ? Whar variety is there in our orga-
vigdtion? What inferiority of art in the falhioning
of our bodies? What imperfedion in the faculties of.
aur minds? “ Hath nota negro even? Hath nota
+ negro hands, organs, iimentions, fentes, affections,
# paflions ? Fed with the fame food ;) hurt with the
« fame weapons; fubjedt to the fame difeaics ; heal-
ed
Teh) 53
‘eed by the futme meaha: warmed and cooled by the
© famedtummer and winter asa white man is? IF
you prick us, do we not bleed? If you poilanyug,
dovwelnot die? ckrevwe not-expofed) to all the
fame wanta? Do we not feel all the fame fenti-
mente? Are we not capable of all the fame exer-
tions—snd are we not intitled to all the fame Hghts’
aa other men 2. 1 4
Yor—anil it is faid we are men, it is true: but we
are: men addiéted.co, more and worle vices than thole
of any other complexion, and fuch is the innate, per-
verfenefs of our minds, thar Nature feems te hove
marked us out for flavery.. Such iz the apology per~
petually made for our orafters, and the juilification
offered for) that uuiverial prolcription uader which
we labour,
But I fupplicate our enemies ta be, though for the
firlk-times julbia their proceedings towards us, and
to efkablish the faét before they attempt to drawoany
conclifion fromat. Nor let them imagine tha this
can be done by merely allerting, that tuch is ouritnl=_
verful character, Tt is the character, 1 grant, that
-our inhuman mallets have agreed to give ts,,and
which they have too indullrionfly, and toa fuccels.
fully propagated, in order to palliate their owa guile
by blackening the-helplefs viGims of it; and te dif-
» guile-their-own cruclty,;amder the femblance of juf-
tices, bet the natural depravity.of ouricharagier b=
proved vat by appeating ta declamatery inus@ivg, and
interafed reprejentations, out by forwing that a greater
A 3 resent
Cc 6 J ;
proportion of crneed have been cominition By rhe aturame~"
ed flavor of the pliittativer, than bythe hiswriiis inlit-
bitants of Europe, who are happily Mrangels to thale
Aggravated provocations by whieh aur paffions are
every day irritated and incenfed, “Shew us, that) of
whe multitude fof†negroes, whoobave within a few
years’ tranfported themfelves to this’ country, and
who are abandoned to themfelyes; who ure corrupe=
cl by example; prompted by pénury, and inftigated
bythe memory of their wrongs to the commiffian of
every erime— Mia try P far i anil the dleravn| rations
if Pte papitle, cannot be dificult) that a greater pre
partion of theft, than of awhite-men, have fallen under
the anintadven fort of yajlite; and haveiieen frerifeed to
jour lente "Vhough avarice flander-and infult one
milery, and though poets heipliten the horror of
their fables by reprefenting us as monilers of vice,
the faét is that if treated like uther men, and wil
mitted toa participation of theit rights, we fhould
differ from them in nothing perhaps, bat in our paf-
fefling ftronger paffiona, nicer fenfibility, and mare
enthofialtic virtue.
Before fo harth a decifion was pronounced on our
hattre, we might have expected, if fad: experience
Nid not tiupht ustolexpedt nothing bur injuitice
from vouf adverfarics, thit {ome pains would bave
Idee taken to alcertain what our namre is; and that
we fhowld have been confidered as we are found in
oir native woods, and not as we are altered and per-
verted by an inhuman political inflitution, But, in-
ftead
â„¢~
fea) ia
Read of. thiay we are examincdy not by philolyphers,
but by intercfted traders snot, aa Nature formed us,
hutas man hae idepraved oi—and from fuck an ins
qiirys proleeuted. under fuch circumflances; the-per=
verfenetsof our difpnfitions is faid to be. eRublifhed.
Cruel that you are! yots make ag flees payow inypland.i ini
ourtaindriall the werrwmibich are im fame dogs rafepee
sable from thatcondition, and you tien improufly dmpate
to Nature and to God the origin af theft utoery te aubich
pou aiine fave given birth, and puntih in tniie-crinier
of aubieb sou are your/eleer the anthors.
Phe conditiin of flawery ix in nothing mare deplsraties
fiom in itr being f> unfavourable te ioe: practice af cveny
virtue The flere! foundational virtue: iecthe love of
our fellw-creatarery and thal affedtien takes ity birth
fede: jfectal rddetion of shew toone another. Butte ca
flave thee ard wil denied, He never paps or receiver the
pratefal duties of a for. He never kecser or experitn-
cer the) found ilivitude of a father, The tender nanies
af tafbandy ef brether, andiof friend, are: to: him un-
hagwn. He har nocountry to defend and bleed fer. He
eam relieve no fufferiags, for fe toukr round de vain to
pada being gore surctched than dimitiG Ae can in=
dalge ono weneroits fertiment, for he fier dimfelf every
four treated with contempt and ridicules and dijtidgad/t-
ed front irrational briter by nothing Gat the feverit) of
punifiment! Would it be farps fig, ifa fave, tabour=
ing under all theft adjadvantager—opprefid, infultedd,
feartecy and teampled on, flonld coment fief to ie/pife
bnnelf, to believe the calutinics of Hr opprejers, and te
perfiede
eet
Prrfuads Hinfelf that it nwoutl be aguinfP his mature, ta
cherifyany boacuratle jontiment, arte attempt any eir=
Giuraction ? Barone *o BiasT OF vouR eurE-
MIOKITY OVER U5, PLACE SOME OF YOUR owN'to-
LouR (iF YOU HAVE THE HEART To'DO IT) fy ths
fire filuationauith ws y-and for nohetter they have ifrick
fanate virtue, anid fuch uncongucrabls vigour of mind,
ar to becapable of furmounting fuch multiplied difival-
tier, and of kceping their minds free ftom the infection
ofevery wire, even timdér the opprefice yoke af fuch a
jervitide.
Bot, not fatisiied with denying ws tliat indulpence
to which the milery of our condition gives un fo jul
a claim, our enemies havelaid down other and (vider
rules of morality to judge our actions by, than thofe
by which the conded ofall other men is tried. Ha.
bits, whichdin all human beings except ourfelres are
thought innocent, in ui are deemed criminal—and
aftions wlitch are even laudable in.white men, be-
come enormous crimes in negroes, In propertian to
‘our weakviela, the iitéinels of tenfure fy thereaféd .
Mpoo wij cand ae refourees are withheldfrom os, our
duties are multiplied. The terror of punifhmentis-
perpetually before our eyes; but we know not how
to avert it,what rules-to wet by, op what guides to
follow, We haveiwritten laws todecd, compaled in
a language we do not ouderitand, and never promul-
gated ; but) whit avail written Jaws, when’ the fue
preme law with its is, the capricious will of our over--
{etre
feers? To i the didates, AP ourown hearts, and to
yield to the flrong propenfitics of nature, ii often to
ineur fevere punithment ; and by emulating examples
which we find applauded and revered among Euro-
peans, we rif inflaring the wildell wrath of our ins
human tyrants.
To judge of the truth of thefe affertion’, confult
even thofe milder and fubordinate rules for our eon=
duét, the various codes of your Well Indialaws: thofe
Tawa which-allow us to be men whenever they conf
der us aa victimeof theirvengeance, but treat us on-
lylike a fpecien of living property, ae often as we
are to be the objeSs of their protection: thofe lawa
by which, it may be truly laid, that we are bognd to
fuffer, ane be miferable under pain of death, To rr
font an injury received. from at cuhite BhdMy though | of the
fotwofl degree of Life, ard to: dare fo firike ittty thetips
tipo. the firgugesl atid. wrajet provacation, i ait dttar
MoE Crit Taatiompt an ofcape from the crwelties
prencifid over teiy hy fight, tr punijioed avith mutilation,
anid foreetines avith death. To take arms againpl nis [>
tens ealyfe erwelty tio fubmrijiion can mitigate, } 2 paticnos
exbanjhy amd from qwhleh ne other means of deliveranes
are left, is the moft atrocions of etl erinter y aml is
purifhedty a gradual death, lengthened aut by darments
JP exgudite, that none hut thofewbo have teen long fas
willarifed mith Naf fudian barkarity, can beer the bare
recital of them mithoyt forror. And yet “1 learn
from writers whomyou Europeans liald in the higheit
efleem, that treafon. is w crime which cannot he com
mitted hy a flave ugainfl his maller; that a flave
ftanda in no civil relation towards his matter, and
Owes
he a
ewes him no allegiunee; that a mafter and his ‘flave
ire in a flate of war, and if the fave takes up arms
for hip deliverance, he aéta not only jullifably, but ta
obedience to u natural duty, the duty of felf-prefer-
vation. Tread in authors wham 1 Add venerated by
our oppreffors, that to deliver one's felf and one’s
cotintrymen from tyranny, i an aét of the fublimeft
Reroiim. I hear Europeans exalted as the martyrs
of public liberty, the daviwure of their country, and!
the deliverers of mankind, TF fee their memorics
lionouyed-with ftstucs, and their names immortalized
In poetry: wd yet aude w penser neste dy amvtmeante
by che firme peniien wwilach cnngied them y avben de feel
the nurgugs of his cointeyuita ax deep, and attempt
fa recdaige then ar bolidty, J fer dim teeuted by thafecfinee
Europese as the wail ekecrableof mauklud, and ted aut
wid? creler and infill, te aniderge ct pllnfal, gradual,
aed ignyindoay deaths and thos the: fame Biritene
who applauds his own anceltors for atempting ta
throw off the eafy yoke impofed on them by the
Romane, puniflies ue as detefled parricidea for
feeking to get free fiom the ericleit of all tyrannies,
aud yiclding to the irrefftible eloquence of an Afii~
cin Galgacus or Doadica,
Ate vhen the teafon and: the morality for which
Eviropeina fo highly value themfelves, af a nature fo
variable and fluctuating, as to change with the com=
plexion of thof tp wliom they are applied > Do the
riztis of matureceaft te be fushpmihen-a wegre ip is en
Por them © or dict pateiotifon, in the heart of an Afri-
fate Taarinle inte dreifar?
A FREE NEGRO.
Minutes and Missive of the MAN-
CHESTER SOCIETY, Relative to the
Stave TRrave.
Manchefler, Fanwary 1, 1588.
8 DR,
A. 'T the Inftance of the SUBSCRIBERS in thie
place, for the Relief of the opprefled ARI.
CANS, FE requelt your attention to the enormity and
impolicy of the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE, as
they have been lately held out to the public.
We apprehend that the forcible {eizure of the A-
fricana in their mative country, (encouraged by the
fupport afforded the triffic by this.and other Euro-
pean nations) the miferics attending their tran{por-
tation to our fettlements, the exceflive labours and
difproportionate punifhments to which they are fub-
jected there, and the annual condemnation of fo
many thoufands of innocent perfons to unlimited
flavery, are evils which detnand.a full and ape
redrefu-from @ free people,
And when we add to thefe confiderations, this
| undeniable fact, that the principle of the trade can-
not be defended on the ground of common Aane/?y,
we think ‘ouriclves intitled ta affert, that it in: the
duty of every Man, as a Citizen, and as a Chrif-
tian, to fignify his deteltation of this long-continued
abuie. :
Ik
Ta
Tt is the opinion, not only of the Manshefier Sub-
feribers; but of the LONDON COMMITTEE,
who fland firfl in this canfe, that applications to
Parliament, from different parts of the kingdom,
reprefenting the nature of the prievance, and pray-
ing redrefa, will prove molt effectual ia tending te
remove the caules of offence:
The intention of the prefent Addrefs, isto in-'
vite you to join with them and usin this meafire,
which is propofed by the principal inhabitaits of
the town and neighbourhood of Muaachefer, and
which we are alfured will be adopted by feveral of
the molt confiderable places in the kingdom,
We are alfo defirous that the Petitions ta Parlia-
ment fhould be accompanied with inftructions to the
Members, individiully : and in this particular, like-
wile, we retell the aflittance of your County.
We truit that the preffure of the oecafion, which
calls for the immediate and aétive interference of
‘the jult and ‘humane, will excufe the freedom of
this Adirefs, as we make no doubt of obtaining
the concurrence of all good Men, in promoting fo
defirable an objeét as the Relief of the Africans
from their prefent opprefiion.
“I have the honour to be,
S.R,
Your moft obedient fervant,
THOMAS WALKER, ‘Chairman.
. Man.
C13]
Manckefler, December 29; 187.
SOCIETY for the purrose of errect-
inc the aponition of the SLAVE
TRADE,
Ata General Meeting held this day at the Ex-
change Tavern, it was UNANIMOUSLY #ESOL-
veo, that the following SUBSCRIBERS be
appointed a COMMITTEE for conduting thiv
_ Balinefs.
THGMAS WALKER, Cuamman.
Jofeph Atkinfon,
Rev, Thomas Barnes;,
Db. D,
George ‘3B itrtan,
Thomas B. Bayley, Efq; |.
William Brocklehurtt,
Thomas Cooper, Efqs
Nathan Crompten,
Edward £. Deweon,
ames ntwille,-
fatthew Falkner,
John Ferran, ML Dk
‘Thomas Henry,
‘Tittis Hibbert,
Thomas Hudfon,
Nathan Hyde, Ely;
‘Thowas: Johufon,
Jolin Leaf,
George Lloyd, Efq;
Tinae Mofr,
Thomas Percival, M,
Db
Thomas Philips. -
Robert Philips,
George Philips,
Samuel Rawlinfon, “
Thomas Rachurdfow,
William Rigby, jun.
James Toucher,
George Walker,
Richard Wilker,
Thomas Carill Worley,
Ey;
SAMUEL JACKSON, SECRETARY.
Excuayce Tavean, Dectmaen 20, t7hy.
Ta GENERAL MEETING, held this day,
in order to receive the REPORT of the
COM-
. C140]
COMMITTEE, the follawing RESOLUTIONS
were Unanimouily agreed to:
That the trafic and Mavery of the Human Spe-
cies, ta a direét violation of the precepts of true
Religion; in oppolition to the principles of Liber-
ty, Juitice, and Humanity ; and difpraceful in’ the
extreme to every country by which it is encouraged,
er cven tolerated, :
That the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE is fich
a Traffic; and that this Meeting regards with ab-
horrence, & commerce produdtive of Opprefliany.
Cruelty, and even Murder, upon millions of our
Fellow Creatures,
That this Mecting, though fally fenfible of the
importance of Manufactures and Commerce to the
real interelta of this nation, is yet too jealous of
that reputation which all honeft men ought to de-
fire, to with the pramuotion of any trafic, however
lucrative, by ameana inconfiftent with humanity or
integrity ; and they are convineed moreover, that
the traffic in queflion, is highly impolitic as well as
inhuman.
That it is extremely defirable to call the attention
of Parliament to this unjultifiable traffic, by peti-
tions from the people at large.
That it is expedient to prefent a petition with this
view, from the town and tieighbourhnod of Man.
che/Pers ;
That a Circular Letter be addrefled on behalf of
this meeting, to the Mayor or other chicf Mapiltrate,
_of every principal town throughout Great Britain,
requelting their cuncurrence in a fimilar meafure,
"'T hat
(Gras a
That in order to procure: the general and fal
Abolition of the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE,
it will be highly expedient to extend information on
this important fubjeétto every part of Europe.
That this Meeting approves of the fteps which
have been taken in Mancureren, by the Boraugh-
reeve, Conitables, and other Gentlemen, who have
hitherto intere(ted themfelyes in this bufinefs.
That the Society formed in London, for the pur-
pofe of effecting the abolition of the Slave Trade,,
having been the firfl to come forward aa a body in)
this kingdom, in fiivour of the oppreffed Africans,
are intitled to the particular thanks of this meetings
and of every other friend to this caufe of humanity,,
for a condnG fo dilinterefted and fo laudable.
That the farther fam of One Hundred Guineas,.
“out of the money fubferibed in Manchelter, be tranf-
mitted to the Committee of that Society, in aid of.
their truly benevolent exertions
That thefe refolutions be immediately publifhed im
fach a manner, a fhall infure their circulation
throuphout the kingdoms of Great Britain and Tre-
land.
THOMAS WALKER.
=," The Socicty inflituted in London in 1587, for
the purpofe of effeéting the abolitien of the Slave
Trade, will thankfully receive any communication on
that fubjeét, addreffed to Granville Sharp, Efi the
Chairman of the Committee, at their Office, No, 18;
Bs in
+ oe
C6 7
“inthe Ol Fenory, and ze the bufinct has already hea
ded with a confidersble expenoe, and cannot be
“yefleGedt awithourmuch more, the fubferiptions af thole
who are difpofed to contribute towards the accom
'plifhment of the above defirable objet, will be received,
by Sanuel Hoare, juniors Elq; "Treafurer to the So-
‘ciety in Lotmbarditreety Lomifon.
‘= <-
oil : aed
} ‘ee
, fo." le Or
5 e : oe
Caer
’ PB†ay
Mee
|
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PAGE 1
1ll L E T T E R -P llQM A N E G R o. ND OTffE APERS RELATIVE TO llE SL AV E T R D E.
PAGE 2
[ 1 ] the r cr 11 1 11mbu of 11 n w pcrioJic, 1 Wor C'.:Llk t4 ~ RFnH'l'ou1 llll a t he Tith: Or1•J11 1 ,I .,1rtfr~, ( find the olli:ming L TTl 1\ i r.ko '-;md wha11: r m(ly he tile C i:l l ou r of1ht •~ F e, the 'tr 11,gtb. of h i, Argumllnll 11drr 1rty .1 \ p fogy u1111tc:~ff.1ry r. r faying [1 1 R t 'l'imL" 1 l, for !be Pul!]iC' , T'!l d1~ ctl'Ol l'!ml'ill.: 1 :t1iu11 or tl1 u llll Pbilur. p l .. , l'mJ,~ l'11 1 J .AJ,111,-, I I r 11ply n:com ncni.l it ; ;iod hope th other i!Ji 1ft i,.1 .Du ri II llH1c.J.Tu. for "t..-H r \" 1 \ dll II l d dl1 it unwonh , of thtir P~th l. W1i•, ri II~ U thcfc J;wu rh.: puhl~ dth th
PAGE 3
[ ] LE TE . R 0 F A ; E , R 0. .'1'tnnenf1ha• mfir1rn:itt."r:r c rJfm tl\lihCJ,r. J in ,ilh .. r I, 1m.1.n fp.C'i,.. hr O bl:,c I" }" h:iir ; I.ii 1 1 1 'lllltilg•:1 or , t.ri litd~ in ch~1orclv ,. bu whiah ?T \' fo u .. n [I llf C C)r "l''r , be ~11'1: I I cir;: Iii~ men whu \\ill uffi f.ir :i t 11m nt frr11I c I). 'J 1 l,c , ',; 11 I I r,'1. u m I th.: m•: (prci l in 11IJ1 Ji cnmm~r.: 1 , u1 0 Ui .m: it .~•i11 nu,, l l11l , u lie aniirl 1 d um I cd1m: for ll porJr A f11~,1,1 rwt t on-fd~, lilmfcl, ., ci g r " "nto:rT r rJ I to I fl', who , pprn U> be of .i!t<':'t'tl' tfl 111' F :ti im11r1 t t or e I tiuu., t ,r.ry prrf.umf!lltltii 111 c,111: "ho i, L a. (fi:r fim1cc re .: ion~ pon th wn: ehl.'d C'Om.lion of his coumrpw: , 1 1lit hap_ f fub".:~ of his fr, t go,•tr11tn~11t. Tluy 1nill no , l ru~, tlti I ,.vorfi: nt my bruhrro for bdui 1.hfoo11ttn!cd with f1J luu•J lut a ol 1119Ci")'; 111,r c.lifo\ fit' Fur thdr L 11 -art' llll e, in,r I)' br urc I u lr"lr I il du: 1111"1 i tJ f111Ic1i-1ug5 wli.i h lllf c 1mtry : mcn 01111111. Aa
PAGE 4
4 lt i s neitht'r the l'Onlty of btin 11.n n utbor , nor fudilr:n: am) CA)lri ou gufl f llum 1 l1y liidi h prompted l t' prcfct1t ddign. It htrn rn:m lang ,un ccivt1d, and lnng hn t.h prio i' al fohj ct of ny chou~ht-n. V(r fincc ,1n fod.ulgt'nt ma_U~ r \' ;mlcu my youthr111 fenic s 'th fT~tlo J .md ru,,,.i,Ld rn e at v t-r)' eur1y t1ge with th e rt11'i!RS o , ,q, lrln~ k in,wli:dgc. 1 llil\'e hi.bourcJ lll Untl~Tn pd th mn: 1wlnripbo on \ hi,eh th llbctti<'~ 111" mau i 11 I 1u: foum!r,d, nnd lopoffifs mrfi: lf" qftb~ l.11 1g11 hi1 co rntry, in o r e r Lo ~~ad the c.iur ol t ut , II were once m)' fdl11v.•.n Vl'llt and, if r111ffil I:, IIJ milh. my re-rrJom 1 in fomc dr:gTeC, L hc: in rutm L cil L !1~1r ddi'l'C.'rl!DU. The lit t 11 .Ju:n i,hich li:am• n no, C rr j11dic ,,hid1 \,illy nt r nine,I , u , io to pro\ 11 : a I uni "br1•h i 11 iffi1:ult 11r p ill 11iffi nil , ,.., im.tt,m: y wit I ar 1nhr11t:J. C u i1 be cqmc-ud.:J f cu1 ,iur lnt1r can d~1vrrninr Ji r nc , l nil ii not f 1 "hat ffn ,I.: ci,~umll:im: from m nkint! i Wlt:tt v ric-ly i tht:r ' i,, r 1,rg 111i . . i,m ) \ h, t inforlnl iry uf rt iii L he. f.11l1toni11g , ir our boc.lii,!d Vhnr it ptrfo.: i II in 1 h f. ~ul-ie-1 of ur min I 'lhi.l.b 11ct !1 11 ll'gr-o t") ? l-:1,,t.h no :t j 11cgru h ni.l 1t , 1 n111, ,lirn.:nfion ft/J'l r.ci , qffc iorr, . pclftom, 1 Ftd witl• i.l II filmc f,iod ; 1tnr witli 1he ,, Ji 1111!1 woapoo:t i C"u~jc-tl; lo the l,Utl .. uri aft ; hr ., I! r
PAGE 5
[ s J ri J 11 the rnmi: muns : w:.irm~ 1)1 l bt tht: ' fame !umnr, :rnJ n •in er 11; a a u I If u you pridt us, 1fo \\•c ritlt hleti:l, l } 11 r,oi! o us, u cJ c nut die~" .-he, m: llll U(>ilf. (Q 11!1 t1 1c f me w nu ! lJa -.. no t f~e l 11 tl1e fom~ fonti nlc-11 ? \r w no c:11p.i lu at' all th,:, r~me cc u~ li m1-11r1 :ire IY.1! iwl inlltlcd lo nlt U1 f:.Unr.: hg! u u uth -r mr:n? 'n, nntl it i [,.id w " ~re men , I~ is ~re ; lull we: re men a ,. h Ji!S;c '. to mDrll ;ind or , ,r~eg. th 11 lb J~ Q ,m y athc:ompl.i:t.iQD , 11.nd (uc jJ L hc: i11n11 1 r r~r<:rfc.n c fs of oar 1111ad~, t b11-t ntrm; r. m to hu e fflJI' i.-tl IJ CJl.ll for n ,cry . Such ill Lhe po ! I ; pi. r LU1ll!) .1.dc for uur m f!C'u, u_n the juiU 1 1.'l!ti affi:re.l r ~hll '\Jllivenal prafc ip~icri 11.1..!cr ,; l1 : w I l,o u r, ut. I fupplieate cur ,memic t b I though fc11 the Ii It t1m •, j u ll in their pr cenling 1 tpw.1r k uG, 1 ~"(I rH.iblHh the .F.i before lhcy :i.Ltc1:np1 t llL \Ya n a)II rur.ri n r-,Qm It. Nor l ~t tl,c-in im~tim: t h J l tl1 i c 11 b1: dum: by mcrclr lllr-c:rting ch t fu h is our 1t11 ! r:rfii l chnr118er. T t in rhc cht:1m ~,rt I r,m , t l c1l our inhut t1.n IILlner Iu111e g J ro g:i u .md whi.i:h they hnvc l Q i n uun.rfouflr. :i n toa .:-ce!-. fully p rc?',1g-, t~ in ot1.h:r w ttlliat~ ihcir nw11 gi:ik by h la~k1m i og the: bdpl f ii: im of it ; auJ tu 0 1 gu i f c t l 1111 r own e;udl.), wul rtJ,~ fem bl mci: f j t.ice . Li:i the a . mr.it dc:ipr;i\"il)' of our cb r:tc\.cr I,~ pro,~d 11 t t:, .f('/'f,1hng ro d, A1111.1la,<:r inv.lli:, ,, , , .,,; inltrefl::/ r-tprtfo11J.Jt}q,11, but 6//l "Wf JI Jl,.,t,;: : a / ,A 3 r,~,
PAGE 6
[ 6 J fnt, •'//w ,r .. .'('I / i fl: 11 C .i,'.'lrif. rJ jl11w th: plin:illie::J,. 1J..t11 t,_, 1,r /11. ,r1 u, I l!a1b11, nt1 oj ',,np , who re h: p11ily R 111n t r ,11 d r1mo~.1tiuo11 h}' which ur fl ffi ri r "c:ry dn irritate anti i.u~tfi .Sh w , 1fou ,, 1hc 11rnl "tui.l~ of oc-groc 11 1 wh h 1v wid,in a f )'t u 1.-nnlp rte~ 1.hi;mfdr Jo thi.1 rouu ry, 111l vlrn :1 e 11bam:foricd o 111,rmCl!l\ll
PAGE 7
[ 7 J ., lhi,, Lil f,1pl1 , bu fcri cd Ii, 1 1 m n Ii 11ra\~d Ull-.1 fucb an in~ qn;,-y, prnfC"cUtcJ und r fu nc 'P rtrfrntf i ur dtrpulhio bi: llrhrJ.. Cruel /hat .Jf!rl an: I _Tll'/1 m.iA r,1 i•:ctJ : p• h if•l,ud JTI• o ,. ,,,;,ult Jf //:;1 l. 1 '. 1,, I pm!ifl, ;,, IIJ /tr Cf'lfMI if 1u/Jk(,ou Jtf," J{J.Jrfll:n t uut;/Ol'J. 'Ih ,::,1,JJ11~ ifJl.rvu .,, W mlN,. l'iUr 'fld'avle, re n i,'1 itr "r J:, r,,dm. ru,,U• f~ I~ pralh•..f ntr; t /, llifl. 'TlL fa,d} ji11Jn 111 ~/' noi.~ 11 th Irr,;~ if '"" p/fe,w-~reJS,,rr,, ,1.~J t/J,t qj!iffi , t;Jlrs 1lJ hirth ;,. 1 h f,&i,tl ftl,,1io11 ol n~,. [,!; /JR 11!.•tra. D I f jJ.t11 liJfr ,, r ,di ,/~rdd. Hr~" ;11p r rtCc lrui JIM gr:tr.-f:J J1;/le1, if u .far1. Hr nrt.irr A1;-~-1,1J '" ~~pt,.ft:n• 4",1 ,1.:i (onJ falinJr1df' ;-, foil.v:r. 'r/.i( I r;,ll'r 11,uilt'" oj tf/O,rflrl, ,f I, fhfi"1 ,wJ f ftufl.rl tm: t, him :.in• h,vmn, 11~ l-111 m ,(; nlr_r to d" t'11J ,,,,J U, I far. 1k tall rsl,, t' no fitffed11rr1, fer I-~ loo'-1 1ul m NIii ff) I ,.z #'t'i11rr 1,,rt-r ,wr ,W fl!,m li11fpl1: Ht ,,,11 in J /gt' II~ JMUO IIJ flt:tim.:nt fi /.,• jcu /,/mft!f ~ery fur lr.111 .t •u.ulb tonltw,pl md ri,li,:11/~, , r,J uytir,g ,ijh ,,J p-rmJ ,, n1tin1.1/ ,r11fo Ji;t1~/l,,.,!I l 11 :h fi rn')• of prJ11j/h111ml IV1111!.tf it '17' Ji11 Pl !ling, if.i Jlwt', la!.• ,._ ing rmdtr all t/Jif. rl1f1Jtt1ml1.1 o-orp•JJjfi mfoltrJ, ,1111/ l•,11tfl~J jlYJ11l.1 m1J: ,I 1,1jl ro t!rtf!fo ~infi!f, to l,t:/i(". t!J~ ,.,JJr.J:,•JirJ ,f f:.hof!, -.Jftr.,. u11,} to f~,ji, .. •d~
PAGE 8
[ 8 J /Y:rr~,1/lt bimfalf that ii "11,l(J!Jl ~t t1gfllqfi. i1i t/,J}iJ ,, : . r:ln,JQ, at{~ 1:-,ti~ufii/,/( fmti1mm1; er lo 11tl,-i11pt m, r /.J.J p{lf 'f DuoitE Vb llU,UT 01" . :11n1 !IOI' 11J.I. l~ITY DV l 1.1!, Pl..41:111. SiDMt. !Jr \'it, \' ill t1f our 1nrrk-rr1. ,
PAGE 9
G:ers To obey t e diffotcS or "rnwn h ,ll't"1 na.d lo 7i 1d to ti llron propenliaie o f n ture,. i K often o i c r (i vc r,c pun'O, en ; 1md by cmu 1 atin ex m1 I whida e find a ph1udl'd ntl ri:!vi:n:tl :i n11I1 l.lT ~ (K'41l I II: rm, infl 111icg th wil dl. \\'t, UJ ol OLir in• hum:m ty r11ot To ju g~ pf I of d1cfc 11ffi:rtinnll 1 eonfolt t'~e n olc I ilJ r 1111d. Jli ina C: rul r~r nr condu lhcuri, )U~i;o i,ofyou, \'(n 1ndl l,1w : lb fo. Jn.•• ,1 l1id llaw u t l1ii men whc11eHr tlii:r rcmli dc:r Ult ru1 villl111~ oft c.-i1 v .:incc. ut tr at ut 011Jy Hk~ ;t (C of Jjyj ){ propcrl , '1 rl~n :I.! 1ve ,an~ to be the n of h<"Lf pr o t ton : di ie I 1 by , hiol 1 , it lthlf b 1, ul I, 1J, lh t we r , bu1111J l<1 (offer, 011d bi: m l111"11bk under I ir of deai h To /p i t ,w i,:j r; r wm/jrr,rr; ,.; rJih 111 , I r ,gl• of' Jl~ /~ .wifl l~g,t, of l!J~, rtd r -l11rr: I" firilf Mr., th1ug/J 11 ~,, ti: P141ig~Jl ,,,.J gr,ff{/l fr, c:urOtJ 1 i1 a11 ~n,,I 1n111 ,,1,i.,.,. , 'T~ ittlrm,.1 ,., tfi't1(" ft .,, tt
PAGE 10
l 10 J ,, him 110 lkgi11r.t::l! , that m . nrr and l is lhve ;,re: fo 111 fl.tte of w, T~ 11nd ,r t.hc finvc takt"S \IP ,irmi, for hi dcHYCI 1nce, lac: a D r nly ju11i1iil ly, butiu obc:dicmcc: to tntu~ duty, be duty of fdf-prtfi:ration . I re d in au hors born 1 find 1 .r neratcd hy ou1 o preffi tlut t d_lhc:r om:' frlf nnd ont' 0110 q men from ynrnny, i1 an aa of 1111; fulihmdl hi,rnilm.. I l11mr 'll op a.ti$ cuiltc:J nu llu: m nyu or p.lJ Ile ltbr:r1r. , ti<: i'.1 i11Uril uf ~cir CCl\111 ty Jlll~I t1u: d lhtrLj~& of nurA . ilil , I Jh, I hrir mc1nm 1a 1'1 nour d with I ~~111:i;, . 11-11d lhdr DlltJlC:I in1 or :1l1~t~ in 11 try: , wt -~, ,w ,:,; ,1,:; •,;~ro:u , 1, ,1 fft;tn.11,J llriLl'lu \' r n1~inz 1 0 'I hww t, n '11 Bl by tl1c 1 1111"1nn, p111t'ffie~ 1p ;u , p!!rrii.:iJca fo't" j, t' iu e fw1n lilt!. Lttll It: r, all )'r'I.Uttic:u 1 ,mJ y 1c in-cilllil,k t'luq1Jrn f an .," f.i ... 111 0 I eu11 'Ir Du~ic..t. Arc l"hlln th I c:~ C , 11n t re mor tlil y for whidi Lur v.ilmi the fd c, uf na.tun fD ~:itibl nd fiu8.11i1tillg, u tti thang witl1 tbc com b,i1,111 11f thofo tp ~,Jiom 1h •y .m: .11•r>l11,,t? J) fl•.: r~h if 1.iJI.Jm~ Ct'llfi' ~,d,ft"~'" /h!/1 .1 ,,r re. ,1 l• rlJ J~ru, i' or d~ r (' 1Jriolifo,, i,1 lt•: 1,:,,rt. af nn A.fri• , ., rr.'.1 iM1 t•.' ii:, A FR. E
PAGE 11
s [ n J lV!ui. u'i' 12 s and hssrvr, o.F tl.i , e lYIA CHE ER SOCIETY, l dative to die .S1,o'.V.EI TR .Ul.l!, JllJ11t/Jr'fl rr , '7nn 'lllf'j 1J 1 7 !IS. s r 'Il, A T the h,ffom : e of the SiJilSCR.InK S iri 1lii pltiie!: 1 for the R!!',lirf or the tifl\'rtn'd A li"RC CA. s. l ;r.:,qm ! ll y n ur at~-i::pl:'ron to i.he cnarmity .a!ld imp l) ~icy .of ll~ -.. A FIUC N SL:\ 'E TR.ABE, iUt t'hoy nnve be en ll\h:fr b It! CIUt t!il the public-. , e -n.pprllhl.'lil~l 1h t I.ho forcibl1t foi'll.utt of the fric: n11 io I uc:ir n ; uive c , rn11cry, ( .:~eour.ij;dd hr the foppOrt 11mml , 1: the tf!lffie by i hilr ancl 01J11:r Euiv;ean 1111 ltcms) die mifcrii:.11 , T&c:ndil!lg tbtir tllt,i n tsi our ft1 lli::1•unl,ll1 the neeilivi: l 11bours and difpT pt'l'rl L mne punilhnumh to wb.al!'li th~r are fub j~8cd 1.h,re, u1d th!! 111111u11I co11d nalfl'ln , /o mauy tballf1md~ of innoq;nt perfon 1 [0 u1.1limitcJ a \m-y. !lrc c:,;oi!ll wli i ck ..1 m.i,ud 11. full and r ~tly rcdrcf from a .free ptC1ple. nd u hcn ai.lJ ID 1l11tfc i:0nlhli::-rnllo1u t ' urrdcr1i-i1blc fu&, ~bat I he , prittilf', of ih~ trllile c-i!ll~t b1: (!ef1mded oo th.= gr und c J TNtJffm lt,11efl 1 , w.11 tbfol;: ouirfdte! i11titl~rl m illfor1, th1.1t i i.o rhe . duty ar ev~y " -C,..hn, llij I1 Ci izcm, IIM il8 C)lrir t.illn. to ligu_iFy hh 11ic~aU1Hil'J!il f tbf long•tontimied abufi:. It.
PAGE 12
[ L'2: l ti~ ,he npini.on, not only i:,[tlLe lt'!J11 h,jitr Sub frnbcrs. but or ;h LO 'D01 1 O. lMlrTE., ,1,o !l nd firfl ia this ~ufe, thlll :irplic.uinna Lo ;u H me t, from deffer nt part, of th Icing om, ftprefcntin Lb n:itun: of the gric,•ancc, nod pray ing ~d,,cfa, ill prove moll: dfeclm1l in lcni.llng re.mave he c.1ufcs of off,mcc. Thi: in ntioll flf the pri:fcm t Aildrer, , iA to l'ilt ;--011 ~1:1 joi11 wid1 dtiem ri.nt! 1111 n th-ia lllemfuri: 1 whLc:h is prlipafc:il by 1l1 p,incipal inba.tlirnnts e-f t c town 110d ncighbourhoo I of 11-f~ric&Jler, and ~•hich we Qr< ulTored will be i!dtiptcd by feve.ra! of 1..bc: mo!\ coo!icl1miblc plncc in Lbc: Jr.fogdocn, ,vc IU'C ' fo (fo(irou1 lllt tlie Petitions lel p rlia men 1 t r ld b~ 1ilccomr,auicd with in(lru ion• o tlu~ M,mhar•, imll 1 ichlDll)' : ,, in tlii~ part 1oula.r, lilte wirc1 we: r r111.!ll the 11.lli[l nee f ynur Coullt}' c mill flt I-he prdforc or ll1c ncl!llGtin, . wI1;ch c11lh .for t'He mmedhll :rnd Dcti e inticrfacMr: of lh Jull nod hillllilne, will c ufe l,e frwfo1n o,t' t\1ls AclJref1, aa we m11h na doubt af obur:iniog the ronct.1rrcoec of all ood Meon, in romutlog fo dmrab!c n objc& as the R.clkf o. the AfricaH rom their prcfo1 opprcffi,u1. I h c the honou?' to b s .I ft, ' , ou ' r m1ill obi! i1mt fervant, THOMAS WALKER., C?mir-mao, lt1an~
PAGE 13
f r lj ] :OCffiT for the ruR.l'OSE J. o tue ADOI.lT10N of T[ DE. of E-FHCT hc , LA -.E General Mc~ting he-1d this d:i:y :it tl1e Ez: nbe T11,-vcm, it ,-.ns t1NAS 1111 11J.!lt.'t II llUILr.n tlt,t d1c fall11wing 85 cuur i:R be: ppoin ed a CO'.MMl'l'' 'EE for comJudiog tlti uiin rs. ''HO.MAS W L Jo, ph /\ tki11fon, l cv. 'J'.homiu B11rnc~ U.D. G~orge 11.Lrrou, Thorn~ !t Bay!ev Ef,i; 1111.1111 Bmekli:hru-fl, Tlloinai. Co per. Efq; t ' hnn 0,pmpLOn, d wurd E. k,;re J1, J~m,:, .E11lw1fle, M.ml1 v Falkntr. John Ferri11r, r. D, ' hom Henry. 'rat.111 Htb crt, Th ma, Huufon 1Hl11rn Hfdc, EftL; rJ.110111.ia J 'ohufo-n, Ell, CH 111\M J 1..n L f, Gcnr5tc LI yJ, Efq; Jrmu: Mfr, Thom Pcr11i\1'11I, 1 " hn rnA Philil' tu , I b~rt I hilfp , i::orge PhHip , S.1.1Uud Rawlin~,n. T Ii mn1 H. i hmL (-11 , ., \.Villi tu1 Ri~by, jun. j me Tuuch -r, Geor c Wulku, icbnnl W; I er, 'rton ,~ CariU ru,tlr, Efq; SAMUU JACI O , J::CII. I Tl\l KCH.'l ca T,t Elu~. Dn t ,.,a 11 19, r;H7. A l' GEN R:\L IEE.re iu or.Into T ci::il c die B G, hdd 1hi d y. c.f RT o bi:
PAGE 14
r 0 f:\lffI'1'EE, the follriwirig ESOLUTrO S wi:;r un;immoulJy gri:ied to: 1 h.11 1he tn1ffi11 11.nd {h,v,:ry af the Human Spe -.:ic~, i• n 1.hn:tl , 1ol1nion of the precc:"p i of uue Religi~n j in oppofjfinn lo the p inci lesc of 1 Jcr t;-1 J ullicc, :Ind . Hum 1111y mid tllf P,rnccful in tl.ie eurcmc to every cu11L1l.ry by ,,•Wcli it ie c.uci;,ur, g~d, or \'llll rn]cr;\tC' , Tl'1.i1 1hc AFR.lCi'\N' SLAVE 'l'R.A.DE i1 wiili Iii Tl'Jill'ic j llnJ d, 1t thu Mrt:'r.ing rtg11.rd1 with ab . l1DJTi.!llCC1 a commtr'(!c prad11 ve uf OppT'tilioD., Cr,udty, nm.I C',"1:'JI NufJtr; Upqfl mlllii:m~ of 11r lrc;Uow Crt'ulureJ, Th:.il tliis 1cc-tin tbougb full)• r,nfiblc of the i11111t1rtauec f l\fa1Jufu6\11~e and Commcrc.ci to tit~ rc 1l fotcrc!la of lhi 1 n, "i 11. i yet ioo jealous of that rl!ymtntion which all hollcft meli ought to de~ Jitt to \, rn1 the pmrmttton of a11ny lraffi . c . , howeve.l' fow,uive, b)' mrmn1 inwl'llillcnt ,~ith humnnitf or ink~rit} ;. and tb1:y al'C! e;on inc:cd mo~..-cr, l1mt. l~ trnffic In uclli n 1 i& highly impolidc u v.--ell 1111 inhum:in, 1'11t1t i i, xlrcmdy di:flr.able to c:a.11 the n t11rriti0n of Pi1rli~mc.11t to d1i unjullifiablc ua.ffic 1 b)' p~ti Lion• from the people u large. 'l'h:it it i11 cxp~icn, to prcfc11t -a pe.tition w.itli ll1i1 iew, from tbc town Bntl ll
PAGE 15
[ •s T Tlmt in ardel' t procmr-e Ii vencmt nnJ 6 iltl Abc,Jirion of lfu: A F'RICA SL o\ V Ii; RADE. it will be: ILighl e~ icnt tu c1't nd lnfarmarion 011 thiw irnpelr ilflt fohjc;!t ta i:v11rp~rt of Eur p.e. 'I'h11t tlii Meeting :approwes f rltr tlc a which lul\•c been ,.-k n in ,\ r1111 ru, by the Borough rcc1ci, CorllL,blc , ,nnd other Gentlc:mcn, who ha,,c J1i her~n im111 1 ll~J 1ln:m dvn in chi, bufincf~. Thnt tbi: a lety formcin London, for the pu,-. pofc of dfc ing tJJe :i1:wlit,on 0 Le Slt1ve TmJc h ving tiun the firll co come furw .rd 11a II h11dy in thln kingdom, of be pjlrl!IT~d Africa.n r intillet.l to the pnrti,rnl r tbanhof t ti meetmg, rul of nc rt.er fncrul tll this t.;tufi ~f l11.1m.a11ity_. fur a ctinu.u fo diftnrctc.llecl n fo I ud ble. Tb11t the fnfthcr furn 0 One Hundred. Guin~ir. Ollt 11f the mun~y fu rcriLed in i~ ncbclh:r, be trnof. mittl!d to th CommiLtee 11f b;u Sacia-ty, in ,;i.i of tbdr truly a 1evQlent exertioM, Tl, t thtfo 1efolutio I bl! immedi t.ely publilhed i roch m1.1i,mer, a• R1t1U j11furtl lhll'tr' circCllatioti throughout th,: lungd1:m1s of Great: .Britliin and lrc l11n
PAGE 16
C 16 J i in the 0/J j •u''}' ad a the hurineft tTrttidt ,cD \ 11tLd wilb a c I lh.ln-11blc 1::qir11cc. nn c:rnnut be IT ~rt wi l,ou much t11nrc 1 Jir f b~ iption f tl1Dfe "h r~ ,Mpufr:d to c n, rihu t: nv. tJ he acOJ111J!lin 1mt oft he abo•u! d fir.ihl~ 1H be uc~..-cd by ,1murl H11nr,, jnni r, Efq; t ciety in L ti rd, lln: L,n lc11,
0) TE! 3 SP ee
FROM 4A
NE Boo G eRe sO
AND OTHER
FAPERS RELATIVE
TO THE
SLA Mes T RADE,
wT stot
Mascuesren, Fronvany ath, 1588,
N the fecond Number of a new periodical Work
called the Rrrosrrory, under the Tile Original
Article, I find the following Letren of a Ne~
Gxol—and whatever may be the Colour of the Wri-
tet’s Face, the Strength of his Arguments renders
any Apology nnneceflary for laying it, at this "Time,
before the Public. “To the cool confideration of the
calm Philufophers, Findex and Angin *, I ftrangly
recommend it; and I hope the cae difnterefied
Bryrisy Anyocares for Stavenry will not deem
it unworthy of their Perulal.
L.
= Wilers under thefetignatures, who hive lately favoured
the public with thelr fentiments in favour af the African Slave
"Trade, in the Liverpool and other newlpapern; towlinm balis
recommend the following Extinét from the Petition to the
Houle of Commons of the Inhabitants of the tewn wnd nelph-
four hood of Sheficld, foretieétion the Abolition of that Traite.
“Your Petitioners, thetefanm, hurnbly Vollelt this Honourable
" Houle to proceed to a full and thorough ineefligation of this
© important fubjeéh: and if the mofl weighty and urgent reo
“ fons cannbt be oppoleil to thole advanced by your petitioners,
“and if thos who are wore dumediately coiceenedl in the
© gueition, canbat prove the Sieve Trade from) frien to be
* agreeable to the didtates of Humanity, conformable to jutt
“ jdens of Liberty, and confiflene with the genuine precepts of
Religion, that thie! ‘this Hononrablé Howe will take: fie
“ fepeasin their wittony may be deemed neceffary, for the
* abolition of that inhumpin and dipreceful traffic.’
LETTER
Ts ee
LETTER or a NEGRO,
AM one pf that wnfortunate tree of men who are
diftinguithed from the vel of the human ‘fpecies
bya black fin and’ woolly hairs difudvantages
of very little moment in thomfelves, but whieh prove
fo ura folirce oF the greaceit milery,) betaute there
are men who will wot be perfuaded, that ts pollible
fara human fail to Ge lodged within a fable body
The Welt Indian planters could not, fF they thoaphe
ts mon! fo seahtonly (pillicur titead ; tor confd: the
natives of this laid of liberty, decoong aa af the fame
fpecieaawith themielves; (utils to he inttramental in:
euflaving as, or think us proper faljeSs of a fordidé
commerce, | Yet, (rong aa the prepidices apaiait we
are, it will-not, TD hape; on’ thié fideithe Athinticy be
confidered usa crime for a poor African nov to con-
fels himbelfia ‘being of an Inferior order tothol, who-
Rappen to be of a diferent colour from himfelf; or
be thoneht very prefimptuots in one who is but a
Negro, to offer fime refleCtions apon the wretched’
condition oF his countrymen, to the happy fubjecte
of this free government. They will not, 1 trufty:
think worfe af my brethren for being difeontented
with fo hard @ lot as thet of flavery; nordifown
me for their fellowsereature, merely becaule D-deeply
fcel-the unmeriéed fullerings which my countrymen:
eudine.
Aes It
Clas
It is neither the yanity of being».an author, nor a
fudden? and ¢apricious galt of humanity which has
prompted'the prefent defign. Ir haa been long eon-
ceived, and long been the principal fubject of my
thoughts. Ever fince an indulgent matter rewarded
omy youthful fervices with freedom, and Supplied me:
“at a very curly age with the meéansof acquiring,
knowledge, I have laboured to wnderitand the true
principles on which the Jibertics of mankind are
founded, and-to poflefs myfelf of the language of thin
country, in arder to plead the caule of thole who
were once my fellaw-flaves, and, if polliley, to make
my freedom, in fome degree, the intlrument of their
deliverance.
‘The firth thing then which feems neceflary, i ore
der ta temove thofe prejudices which are fy unjuilly
entertained againit us, in to prove tharwe tiie mens
atruth which isdifficultof proof only, becaule it is.
difficult to imagine by what arguments ie can Yeepm=
hated, Cam it becontended! that a difference of co-
lour alone:ean-determine a difference of fpecica? and
if not, ia what fingle cireumfance are we different
from mankind ? Whar variety is there in our orga-
vigdtion? What inferiority of art in the falhioning
of our bodies? What imperfedion in the faculties of.
aur minds? “ Hath nota negro even? Hath nota
+ negro hands, organs, iimentions, fentes, affections,
# paflions ? Fed with the fame food ;) hurt with the
« fame weapons; fubjedt to the fame difeaics ; heal-
ed
Teh) 53
‘eed by the futme meaha: warmed and cooled by the
© famedtummer and winter asa white man is? IF
you prick us, do we not bleed? If you poilanyug,
dovwelnot die? ckrevwe not-expofed) to all the
fame wanta? Do we not feel all the fame fenti-
mente? Are we not capable of all the fame exer-
tions—snd are we not intitled to all the fame Hghts’
aa other men 2. 1 4
Yor—anil it is faid we are men, it is true: but we
are: men addiéted.co, more and worle vices than thole
of any other complexion, and fuch is the innate, per-
verfenefs of our minds, thar Nature feems te hove
marked us out for flavery.. Such iz the apology per~
petually made for our orafters, and the juilification
offered for) that uuiverial prolcription uader which
we labour,
But I fupplicate our enemies ta be, though for the
firlk-times julbia their proceedings towards us, and
to efkablish the faét before they attempt to drawoany
conclifion fromat. Nor let them imagine tha this
can be done by merely allerting, that tuch is ouritnl=_
verful character, Tt is the character, 1 grant, that
-our inhuman mallets have agreed to give ts,,and
which they have too indullrionfly, and toa fuccels.
fully propagated, in order to palliate their owa guile
by blackening the-helplefs viGims of it; and te dif-
» guile-their-own cruclty,;amder the femblance of juf-
tices, bet the natural depravity.of ouricharagier b=
proved vat by appeating ta declamatery inus@ivg, and
interafed reprejentations, out by forwing that a greater
A 3 resent
Cc 6 J ;
proportion of crneed have been cominition By rhe aturame~"
ed flavor of the pliittativer, than bythe hiswriiis inlit-
bitants of Europe, who are happily Mrangels to thale
Aggravated provocations by whieh aur paffions are
every day irritated and incenfed, “Shew us, that) of
whe multitude fof†negroes, whoobave within a few
years’ tranfported themfelves to this’ country, and
who are abandoned to themfelyes; who ure corrupe=
cl by example; prompted by pénury, and inftigated
bythe memory of their wrongs to the commiffian of
every erime— Mia try P far i anil the dleravn| rations
if Pte papitle, cannot be dificult) that a greater pre
partion of theft, than of awhite-men, have fallen under
the anintadven fort of yajlite; and haveiieen frerifeed to
jour lente "Vhough avarice flander-and infult one
milery, and though poets heipliten the horror of
their fables by reprefenting us as monilers of vice,
the faét is that if treated like uther men, and wil
mitted toa participation of theit rights, we fhould
differ from them in nothing perhaps, bat in our paf-
fefling ftronger paffiona, nicer fenfibility, and mare
enthofialtic virtue.
Before fo harth a decifion was pronounced on our
hattre, we might have expected, if fad: experience
Nid not tiupht ustolexpedt nothing bur injuitice
from vouf adverfarics, thit {ome pains would bave
Idee taken to alcertain what our namre is; and that
we fhowld have been confidered as we are found in
oir native woods, and not as we are altered and per-
verted by an inhuman political inflitution, But, in-
ftead
â„¢~
fea) ia
Read of. thiay we are examincdy not by philolyphers,
but by intercfted traders snot, aa Nature formed us,
hutas man hae idepraved oi—and from fuck an ins
qiirys proleeuted. under fuch circumflances; the-per=
verfenetsof our difpnfitions is faid to be. eRublifhed.
Cruel that you are! yots make ag flees payow inypland.i ini
ourtaindriall the werrwmibich are im fame dogs rafepee
sable from thatcondition, and you tien improufly dmpate
to Nature and to God the origin af theft utoery te aubich
pou aiine fave given birth, and puntih in tniie-crinier
of aubieb sou are your/eleer the anthors.
Phe conditiin of flawery ix in nothing mare deplsraties
fiom in itr being f> unfavourable te ioe: practice af cveny
virtue The flere! foundational virtue: iecthe love of
our fellw-creatarery and thal affedtien takes ity birth
fede: jfectal rddetion of shew toone another. Butte ca
flave thee ard wil denied, He never paps or receiver the
pratefal duties of a for. He never kecser or experitn-
cer the) found ilivitude of a father, The tender nanies
af tafbandy ef brether, andiof friend, are: to: him un-
hagwn. He har nocountry to defend and bleed fer. He
eam relieve no fufferiags, for fe toukr round de vain to
pada being gore surctched than dimitiG Ae can in=
dalge ono weneroits fertiment, for he fier dimfelf every
four treated with contempt and ridicules and dijtidgad/t-
ed front irrational briter by nothing Gat the feverit) of
punifiment! Would it be farps fig, ifa fave, tabour=
ing under all theft adjadvantager—opprefid, infultedd,
feartecy and teampled on, flonld coment fief to ie/pife
bnnelf, to believe the calutinics of Hr opprejers, and te
perfiede
eet
Prrfuads Hinfelf that it nwoutl be aguinfP his mature, ta
cherifyany boacuratle jontiment, arte attempt any eir=
Giuraction ? Barone *o BiasT OF vouR eurE-
MIOKITY OVER U5, PLACE SOME OF YOUR owN'to-
LouR (iF YOU HAVE THE HEART To'DO IT) fy ths
fire filuationauith ws y-and for nohetter they have ifrick
fanate virtue, anid fuch uncongucrabls vigour of mind,
ar to becapable of furmounting fuch multiplied difival-
tier, and of kceping their minds free ftom the infection
ofevery wire, even timdér the opprefice yoke af fuch a
jervitide.
Bot, not fatisiied with denying ws tliat indulpence
to which the milery of our condition gives un fo jul
a claim, our enemies havelaid down other and (vider
rules of morality to judge our actions by, than thofe
by which the conded ofall other men is tried. Ha.
bits, whichdin all human beings except ourfelres are
thought innocent, in ui are deemed criminal—and
aftions wlitch are even laudable in.white men, be-
come enormous crimes in negroes, In propertian to
‘our weakviela, the iitéinels of tenfure fy thereaféd .
Mpoo wij cand ae refourees are withheldfrom os, our
duties are multiplied. The terror of punifhmentis-
perpetually before our eyes; but we know not how
to avert it,what rules-to wet by, op what guides to
follow, We haveiwritten laws todecd, compaled in
a language we do not ouderitand, and never promul-
gated ; but) whit avail written Jaws, when’ the fue
preme law with its is, the capricious will of our over--
{etre
feers? To i the didates, AP ourown hearts, and to
yield to the flrong propenfitics of nature, ii often to
ineur fevere punithment ; and by emulating examples
which we find applauded and revered among Euro-
peans, we rif inflaring the wildell wrath of our ins
human tyrants.
To judge of the truth of thefe affertion’, confult
even thofe milder and fubordinate rules for our eon=
duét, the various codes of your Well Indialaws: thofe
Tawa which-allow us to be men whenever they conf
der us aa victimeof theirvengeance, but treat us on-
lylike a fpecien of living property, ae often as we
are to be the objeSs of their protection: thofe lawa
by which, it may be truly laid, that we are bognd to
fuffer, ane be miferable under pain of death, To rr
font an injury received. from at cuhite BhdMy though | of the
fotwofl degree of Life, ard to: dare fo firike ittty thetips
tipo. the firgugesl atid. wrajet provacation, i ait dttar
MoE Crit Taatiompt an ofcape from the crwelties
prencifid over teiy hy fight, tr punijioed avith mutilation,
anid foreetines avith death. To take arms againpl nis [>
tens ealyfe erwelty tio fubmrijiion can mitigate, } 2 paticnos
exbanjhy amd from qwhleh ne other means of deliveranes
are left, is the moft atrocions of etl erinter y aml is
purifhedty a gradual death, lengthened aut by darments
JP exgudite, that none hut thofewbo have teen long fas
willarifed mith Naf fudian barkarity, can beer the bare
recital of them mithoyt forror. And yet “1 learn
from writers whomyou Europeans liald in the higheit
efleem, that treafon. is w crime which cannot he com
mitted hy a flave ugainfl his maller; that a flave
ftanda in no civil relation towards his matter, and
Owes
he a
ewes him no allegiunee; that a mafter and his ‘flave
ire in a flate of war, and if the fave takes up arms
for hip deliverance, he aéta not only jullifably, but ta
obedience to u natural duty, the duty of felf-prefer-
vation. Tread in authors wham 1 Add venerated by
our oppreffors, that to deliver one's felf and one’s
cotintrymen from tyranny, i an aét of the fublimeft
Reroiim. I hear Europeans exalted as the martyrs
of public liberty, the daviwure of their country, and!
the deliverers of mankind, TF fee their memorics
lionouyed-with ftstucs, and their names immortalized
In poetry: wd yet aude w penser neste dy amvtmeante
by che firme peniien wwilach cnngied them y avben de feel
the nurgugs of his cointeyuita ax deep, and attempt
fa recdaige then ar bolidty, J fer dim teeuted by thafecfinee
Europese as the wail ekecrableof mauklud, and ted aut
wid? creler and infill, te aniderge ct pllnfal, gradual,
aed ignyindoay deaths and thos the: fame Biritene
who applauds his own anceltors for atempting ta
throw off the eafy yoke impofed on them by the
Romane, puniflies ue as detefled parricidea for
feeking to get free fiom the ericleit of all tyrannies,
aud yiclding to the irrefftible eloquence of an Afii~
cin Galgacus or Doadica,
Ate vhen the teafon and: the morality for which
Eviropeina fo highly value themfelves, af a nature fo
variable and fluctuating, as to change with the com=
plexion of thof tp wliom they are applied > Do the
riztis of matureceaft te be fushpmihen-a wegre ip is en
Por them © or dict pateiotifon, in the heart of an Afri-
fate Taarinle inte dreifar?
A FREE NEGRO.
Minutes and Missive of the MAN-
CHESTER SOCIETY, Relative to the
Stave TRrave.
Manchefler, Fanwary 1, 1588.
8 DR,
A. 'T the Inftance of the SUBSCRIBERS in thie
place, for the Relief of the opprefled ARI.
CANS, FE requelt your attention to the enormity and
impolicy of the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE, as
they have been lately held out to the public.
We apprehend that the forcible {eizure of the A-
fricana in their mative country, (encouraged by the
fupport afforded the triffic by this.and other Euro-
pean nations) the miferics attending their tran{por-
tation to our fettlements, the exceflive labours and
difproportionate punifhments to which they are fub-
jected there, and the annual condemnation of fo
many thoufands of innocent perfons to unlimited
flavery, are evils which detnand.a full and ape
redrefu-from @ free people,
And when we add to thefe confiderations, this
| undeniable fact, that the principle of the trade can-
not be defended on the ground of common Aane/?y,
we think ‘ouriclves intitled ta affert, that it in: the
duty of every Man, as a Citizen, and as a Chrif-
tian, to fignify his deteltation of this long-continued
abuie. :
Ik
Ta
Tt is the opinion, not only of the Manshefier Sub-
feribers; but of the LONDON COMMITTEE,
who fland firfl in this canfe, that applications to
Parliament, from different parts of the kingdom,
reprefenting the nature of the prievance, and pray-
ing redrefa, will prove molt effectual ia tending te
remove the caules of offence:
The intention of the prefent Addrefs, isto in-'
vite you to join with them and usin this meafire,
which is propofed by the principal inhabitaits of
the town and neighbourhood of Muaachefer, and
which we are alfured will be adopted by feveral of
the molt confiderable places in the kingdom,
We are alfo defirous that the Petitions ta Parlia-
ment fhould be accompanied with inftructions to the
Members, individiully : and in this particular, like-
wile, we retell the aflittance of your County.
We truit that the preffure of the oecafion, which
calls for the immediate and aétive interference of
‘the jult and ‘humane, will excufe the freedom of
this Adirefs, as we make no doubt of obtaining
the concurrence of all good Men, in promoting fo
defirable an objeét as the Relief of the Africans
from their prefent opprefiion.
“I have the honour to be,
S.R,
Your moft obedient fervant,
THOMAS WALKER, ‘Chairman.
. Man.
C13]
Manckefler, December 29; 187.
SOCIETY for the purrose of errect-
inc the aponition of the SLAVE
TRADE,
Ata General Meeting held this day at the Ex-
change Tavern, it was UNANIMOUSLY #ESOL-
veo, that the following SUBSCRIBERS be
appointed a COMMITTEE for conduting thiv
_ Balinefs.
THGMAS WALKER, Cuamman.
Jofeph Atkinfon,
Rev, Thomas Barnes;,
Db. D,
George ‘3B itrtan,
Thomas B. Bayley, Efq; |.
William Brocklehurtt,
Thomas Cooper, Efqs
Nathan Crompten,
Edward £. Deweon,
ames ntwille,-
fatthew Falkner,
John Ferran, ML Dk
‘Thomas Henry,
‘Tittis Hibbert,
Thomas Hudfon,
Nathan Hyde, Ely;
‘Thowas: Johufon,
Jolin Leaf,
George Lloyd, Efq;
Tinae Mofr,
Thomas Percival, M,
Db
Thomas Philips. -
Robert Philips,
George Philips,
Samuel Rawlinfon, “
Thomas Rachurdfow,
William Rigby, jun.
James Toucher,
George Walker,
Richard Wilker,
Thomas Carill Worley,
Ey;
SAMUEL JACKSON, SECRETARY.
Excuayce Tavean, Dectmaen 20, t7hy.
Ta GENERAL MEETING, held this day,
in order to receive the REPORT of the
COM-
. C140]
COMMITTEE, the follawing RESOLUTIONS
were Unanimouily agreed to:
That the trafic and Mavery of the Human Spe-
cies, ta a direét violation of the precepts of true
Religion; in oppolition to the principles of Liber-
ty, Juitice, and Humanity ; and difpraceful in’ the
extreme to every country by which it is encouraged,
er cven tolerated, :
That the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE is fich
a Traffic; and that this Meeting regards with ab-
horrence, & commerce produdtive of Opprefliany.
Cruelty, and even Murder, upon millions of our
Fellow Creatures,
That this Mecting, though fally fenfible of the
importance of Manufactures and Commerce to the
real interelta of this nation, is yet too jealous of
that reputation which all honeft men ought to de-
fire, to with the pramuotion of any trafic, however
lucrative, by ameana inconfiftent with humanity or
integrity ; and they are convineed moreover, that
the traffic in queflion, is highly impolitic as well as
inhuman.
That it is extremely defirable to call the attention
of Parliament to this unjultifiable traffic, by peti-
tions from the people at large.
That it is expedient to prefent a petition with this
view, from the town and tieighbourhnod of Man.
che/Pers ;
That a Circular Letter be addrefled on behalf of
this meeting, to the Mayor or other chicf Mapiltrate,
_of every principal town throughout Great Britain,
requelting their cuncurrence in a fimilar meafure,
"'T hat
(Gras a
That in order to procure: the general and fal
Abolition of the AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE,
it will be highly expedient to extend information on
this important fubjeétto every part of Europe.
That this Meeting approves of the fteps which
have been taken in Mancureren, by the Boraugh-
reeve, Conitables, and other Gentlemen, who have
hitherto intere(ted themfelyes in this bufinefs.
That the Society formed in London, for the pur-
pofe of effecting the abolition of the Slave Trade,,
having been the firfl to come forward aa a body in)
this kingdom, in fiivour of the oppreffed Africans,
are intitled to the particular thanks of this meetings
and of every other friend to this caufe of humanity,,
for a condnG fo dilinterefted and fo laudable.
That the farther fam of One Hundred Guineas,.
“out of the money fubferibed in Manchelter, be tranf-
mitted to the Committee of that Society, in aid of.
their truly benevolent exertions
That thefe refolutions be immediately publifhed im
fach a manner, a fhall infure their circulation
throuphout the kingdoms of Great Britain and Tre-
land.
THOMAS WALKER.
=," The Socicty inflituted in London in 1587, for
the purpofe of effeéting the abolitien of the Slave
Trade, will thankfully receive any communication on
that fubjeét, addreffed to Granville Sharp, Efi the
Chairman of the Committee, at their Office, No, 18;
Bs in
+ oe
C6 7
“inthe Ol Fenory, and ze the bufinct has already hea
ded with a confidersble expenoe, and cannot be
“yefleGedt awithourmuch more, the fubferiptions af thole
who are difpofed to contribute towards the accom
'plifhment of the above defirable objet, will be received,
by Sanuel Hoare, juniors Elq; "Treafurer to the So-
‘ciety in Lotmbarditreety Lomifon.
‘= <-
oil : aed
} ‘ee
, fo." le Or
5 e : oe
Caer
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