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THE ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAIN
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE
CHAPLAINS ASSOCIATION OF THE ARMY AND NAVY OF THE UNITED STATES
1751 N Street, N.W., Washington 6, D. C.
The Professional Journal for Chaplains and
Religious Workers CON TENTS
EDITOR ......... CHAPLAIN HAROLD G. ELSAM COVER-By courtesy of Veterans Administration
ASSOCIATE ..... CHAPLAIN MONROE DREW, JR.
EDITORIAL BOARD Page CHAPLAINS CLIFFORD M. DRURY, San Anselmo, Cal. IN MEMORIAM .................................1
and WILLIAM T. BRUNDICK, Overseas Editor.
ASSIGNMENT WITH IMT ........................
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY .......................6
THE ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAIN is not NEW YORK'S NEGLECTED SHRINE ....7 the official mouthpiece of the Chief of Chaplains
of the Army or of the Navy. The fact that an PROMOTE WEEKDAY RELIGIOUS EDUCATION!. 8 article appears in its columns does not indicate
the approval of the views expressed in it by any TREASURER'S REPORT .......... .........
group or any individual other than the author. It........................
is our policy to print articles on subjects of inter- PATRIOTISM & CHARACTER.................... 9
est to chaplains and religious workers although
some or all of the opinions advanced may be at FROM PULPIT TO PALETTE ..................... 10
variance with those held by the President of the
Chaplains Associationi, the members of the Execu- THE CHAPLAIN AND THE TIN CAN. 11 tive Staff and the Editors.
~___ _-___CAREER PLANNING ............................. 14
JOINT STATEMENT ............................. 15
The Chaplains Association of the EDITORIALS .................................1.. 16
Army and Navy of the United States Keep Your Address Up-to-date.
The Moral Quality of Citizenship.
EXECUTIVE STAFF We are Jealous of the Name!
PRESIDENT A Continuing Service.
CHAPLAIN ROBERT J. WHITE, USNR CHAPLAIN WHITE PROPOSES YOUTH PROJECT .. 18
VICE PRESIDENTS 341 CHAPELS AWARDED ....................... 19
CHAPLAIN FRANCIS V. SULLIVAN, USNR. .. I AA BIBLE PRINTED BY A HORSE ................... 21
CHAPLAIN FREDERICK C. REYNOLDS, NG. 11 AA THE GREATEST STORY EVER TOLD ...........23
CHAPLAIN RICHARD L. ALEXANDER, ChRes. III AA OXNAM RECEIVES NAVY AWARD ............. 24
CHAPLAIN THOMAS F. CORCORAN, VA... IV AA PENTAGON CHAPEL .......................... 24
CHAPLAIN WILLIAM J. MONAHAN, ChRes.. V AA DEPUTY CHIEF OF CHAPLAINS HONORED ...... 25 CHAPLAIN CLIFFORD M. DRURY, USNR . VI AA THE SHIPYARD ................................ 25
CHAPLAIN BERNARD SEGAL, ChRes...... At Large TO THE EDITOR ........................... 26
CHAPLAIN FRANK L. WHITE, AUS ..... At Large LIFE AND CHRISTMAS IN A P.W. CAMP .......... 27
CHAPLAIN JAMES B. CLAYPOOL, USNR. At Large SEE YOU AT CHURCH! ......................... 28
MEMBER T.A.T.......................................... 29
COLONEL A. S. GOODYEAR APOLOGETIC FOR PROFANITY ............... 31
CHAPLAIN ALVA J. BRASTED, Ret'd PROMINENT CHURCHMEN AWARDED MEDAL OF
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY-TREASURER MERIT............... ........... 32
CHAPLAIN HAROLD G. ELSAM DIRECTORY OF FILM COUNCILS ........... Cover III
VOLUME XVIll JULY-AUGUST, 1947 NUMBER I
Published quarterly by the Chaplains Association of the Army and Navy of the United States. Issues are dated January-February, April-May July-August and October-November. Publication, Editorial and Executive Offices, 1751 N Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. Entered as Second Class Matter at Washington, D. C., additional entry at Richmond, Virginia, under the act of March 3, 1879. Mailed to individuals eligible for rnem bership in the Chaplains Association under payment of the current membership fee of $2.00 per calendar year. Subscriptions to all others not eligiblefor membership are $2.00 per calendar year. Foreign subscriptions (non-members) are $3.00 per calendar year. THE ARMY AND NAVY CHAPLAIN does not carry paid advertisements.
IN MEMORIAM
Walter B. Zimmerman
An appreciation by CHAPLAIN ROY J. HONEYWELL
The passing of Chaplain Walter B. Zimmerman on the A keen intellect made Walter Zimmerman an ardent
first day of June is a personal loss to a great host of student. He studied in a university during his civilian friends both military and civilian. During nearly thirty ministry and took courses in adjacent institutions several years in the military service he made a place in the times when his military assignments would permit.
councils and the organization of the Chaplain Corps When he gave information or advice, the first was acwhich will be hard to fill. His place in the esteem and curate and the latter wise. During his service in the ofaffection of those who knew him intimately will never fice of the Chief of Chaplains he came to be recognized be filled. as a man whose judgment seldom was at fault. He held
Despite outstanding abilities as a minister and teacher, several important assignments in succession. When there
a student and administrator, it is as a friend that Walter was a task calling for exceptional tact or understanding, Zimmerman is best remembered. He was a helpful Walter Zimmerman was a good man to carry it through friend to the service men who came to him through the its formative stage or other difficult adjustment, and he
years for counsel. He was a sympathetic friend to the never disappointed these expectations.
hundreds of bereaved who brought their loved ones to a Unfailing kindness marked Chaplain Zimmerman's last resting place in Arlington while he was stationed every relationship. Clerks under his supervision who at Fort Myer. He was a genial friend to those with whom blundered, even through negligence, had their mistake he associated in military circles and many civilian or- pointed out to them, the Chaplain taking the blame on ganizations. He was a loyal friend, tried and true, to his the ground that he should have explained the matter to brother chaplains, his commanding officers, and others them more fully. This kindness seldom failed to react
with whom he worked in the military team. His ready into deeper loyalty and more faithful application.
wit and love of fun were a joy to those who knew him Walter Zimmerman adorned the Christian Church.
socially, and he relished a joke none the less if it were Walter Zimmerman adorned the Christian Church.
at his own expense. Among brother chaplains of various He was an honor to the Corps of Chaplain. He drew denominations he loved to refer casually to his own men to the faith he professed by what he was himself. He church as "the true faith," always with a twinkle in his lives as a continuing inspiration in the lives of those who eye. His wit could be spontaneous and sparkling, but it recognize those traits of noble manhood which marked
was always kind. him as truly a Christian gentleman.
JUY-August, 1947
Assignment With The International
Military Tribunal As Spiritual Advisor
By CHAPLAIN HENRY F. GERECKE, USA
I ENTERED active duty in August 1943. After complet- faith in terms of the Lutheran Church. Four of the six were
ing the Chaplain's course at Harvard I was assigned to Catholic, while 7 of the 15 became communicant members the 98th General Hospital. From March 1944 we spent of the Lutheran Church. Streicher, Jodl, Hess, Rosenberg 14 months in England tending the sick and wounded be- never attended services, although all claimed to believe fore and after "D" Day. In June 1945 we crossed the in a God. During Hitler's time they were "Gottgliabig,, channel for France taking a month to arrive in Munich, Chaplain O'Connor, New York City, was the Catholic Germany where the 98th is still going strong. We arrived priest assigned to the men of that Church preference. We there July 15th. It was my joy to visit the sick until No- made visits to all men but when it came to the business vember 12, 1945 at which time I was ordered to Nuernberg of the heart and soul, we stopped with the men assigned and assigned to the 6850th Internal Security Det. to be the to our groups. Because of the many witnesses confined to Spiritual Advisor to the high Nazis there on trial, the prison, we used the larger chapel for their services.
Chaplain Carl Eggers, then with the 1st Bn., 26th Inf., However, a small two-cell chapel on the second floor was was waiting for me to take over the work. He introduced arranged for divine services for the defendants. A small me to the high Nazi leaders who were in their cells being altar, two candle holders, a crucifix, organ, German hymn. watched continually by the guards posted at their doors. books and a few chairs comprised our equipment. A I was frightened. How could I meet these men who had former Lieutenant Colonel of the SS Polizei was the organ. caused the world so much heartache, men who were the ist. He did a good job of his playing, giving his services to leaders in a world conflict that cost millions of lives? After both chaplains. Toward the end of my stay, he renewed his all, our two boys were in this thing with millions of other vows with our Church and celebrated the Lord's Supper. young men of our country. Our third son was about to The simple Gospel of the Cross had changed his heart. come in. How could I work with these men without hin- Frank, Seyss Inquart, Kaltenbrunner and Von Papen dering the work of God's Word in their hearts? What attended Catholic Services. Keitel, Von Ribbentrop, would they be like? The chaplain suggested that we start Raeder, Donetz, Von Neurath, Speer, Schacht, Frick, Funk our visits with the chief of the group. He led me to Mr. Frietzche, Von Schirach, Sauckel and Goering attended my Goering's cell. I was afraid. After all, I had to speak services. The following celebrated the Lord's Supper dur. German to these men. The problem of conversing with ing their stay there: Keitel, Von Ribbentrop, Sauckel, these men in another language, a language I once knew as Raeder, Speer, Fritzsche and Von Schirach. Our Protestant a boy, was no easy matter. Service was composed of three hymns, scripture reading,
Upon our entering his cell as Mr. Goering jumped to sermon, prayers and benediction. The men were deeply his feet and clicked his heels, I offered my hand. There has devotional and never caused any disturbance at any time. been some criticism about my shaking hands with these men, but I thought it best to offer my hand in order that Chaplains visit prisoners: the Gospel be not hindered by any wrong approach I It should be stated that no defendant was ever ordered might make. After introductions to all the others, we to let the chaplain in to talk with him. We usually asked called it a day. This happened before (November 20th) whether we might visit with the defendant. After several court sessions began. That night I had to have a little talk months of working with them, we often found notes in with Jesus, asking Him to do something especially for me. our office, placed there by guards, that certain men wished I felt a great need of just what I knew God could give me. to see us on our next visit through. Because of court hours Some of you were praying for me. Yet from that moment of 10 to 1, and 2 to 5, we made calls before they left for on I decided to love the sinner and to hate his sins. I re- the courtroom or stayed afterwards to visit with them in called too, that God loves sinners. These men must be told the evening hours. Free Saturdays furnished our best about the Saviour bleeding, suffering and dying on the chances for cell calls. Spot calls were made between services Cross for them. on Sundays.
Unofficialreport: There was a guard at each man's cell door every minute Unofficial report: of the 24 hours. Lights were thrown on them through the
Remember, friends, this report is unofficial and has no door for them to prepare documents and to read. There connection with any report that may come from the War was no speaking between guard and prisoner, according Department. These are my personal observations and feel- to strict orders from the Commanding Officer. ings about the men on trial at Nuernberg. There were several hundred witnesses in the Nue'
There were 21 defendants. Six of them claimed member- berg prison. These had to be seen daily. Talks were held ship in the Catholic Church as their religious preference with them while the defendants were in court session while 15 of them claimed preference of the Protestant Between visits with the witnesses, I felt that I should vit 2 The Army and Navy Chaplain
the court sessions practically every day. I had to follow carefully studying the Sacrament of the Altar, he asked both sides of the story and try to keep my balance in speak- that he might celebrate it under my direction. He made a og with the defendants by hearing a part of the evidence fine choice of Bible readings, hymns and prayers and brought out at the trial. The defendants were in the court- read them himself, aloud. He was unashamed to kneel at room every day except Saturday. After their return to their his bed and together with me make confession of his sins. cells and after their evening meals, the chaplains would On his knees and under deep emotional stress, he received often visit with them until the lights were dimmed. They the Body and Blood of our Saviour in the bread and wine. slept with the lights on them. When any man would turn With tears in his voice he said, "You have helped me more to the wall away from the light, the guard would awaken than you know..May Christ, my Saviour, stand by me all him and make him turn back that his face might be seen. the way. I shall need him so much."
Communion: Christian vs. patriot?
My first communicant was the Labor Chief, Mr. Sauckel. Mr. Ribbentrop was very friendly to my cause so long Like all the others, he was very courteous to me at all as I stayed off the subject of Christianity and the Church. times. Mr. Sauckel was the father of 11 children, ten liv- The moment I struck that note I found him rather cool ig, one had fallen in the war. After a brief talk in which concerning the meaning of true religion and the fundahe would tell me many nice things about his faithful wife mentals of Christian faith and service. However, as we and about the loyalty of his children, we would come to moved along in our daily visits he began to ask questions. the spiritual business at hand. We would read the Bible The one, all important question which seemed to trouble together and have a short prayer. We generally knelt him most, was the following: "Can a man be patriotic and together alongside his bed for prayers. That's the way he Christian at the same time?" My usual answer to this wanted it. He would often tack on to the end of his question was something on the following: "Of course you prayers, the remark of the publican who said, "God be can be patriotic and Christian, provided you do according merciful to me, a sinner." I believe he meant it. to Romans 13 until you come into conflict with Acts 5:29. The next to ask about the celebration of the Lord's Sup- The former will tell you what you owe your government per were Fritzsche, Von Schirach and Speer. Each man and how to be loyal to it as a Christian. The latter will asked that he review the catechism on the doctrine of the emphasize its application to Christian patriotism and tell Lord's Supper. After several weeks of personal guidance you that you must obey God rather than man." After on the doctrine of the Lord's Supper, these three expressed several months, Mr. Ribbentrop began reading and studya desire to celebrate that Sacrament. I felt assured that ing the Bible and learning the meaning of Christian life others' prayers were with me because it was not possible in terms of that little hand book called, "The Catechism." for me to win them to the foot of the Cross at the Com- He did not express any particular interest in the celebration union Table without the intercessions of God's people. of the Lord's Supper until after he and his colleagues had That Communion Service was held in the small two-cell made their final plea in the courtroom. It was during the Chapel on the second floor of the prison. It touched my time that the judges were in closed session that he became heart to see the three big men on their knees before the more interested and during that time celebrated the Lord's Altar about to receive the Lord's Supper. I am convinced Supper. that God worked a change in their hearts through the May I digress for a moment? I attended many sessions Word that had been read and preached to them, and they of the International Military Tribunal, and I was there were ready as every penitent Christian is ready to ask God's when the final sentence was read by Justice Lawrence. forgiveness of sins for Jesus' sake. I saw and heard evidence produced by the prosecution
Another communicant was Raeder, the former head of of the Allied nations as each defendant was brought bethe German Navy. He was an ardent Bible student and fore the court. Many of you have heard statements conwould generally have questions out of the Scriptures for cerning the guilt of the German people in World War II. me when I visited his cell. He read the Gospel portions Dr. Funk, the Reichsbank president, succeeding Schacht, for the coming Sunday in advance and would anticipate holds that every German has a moral guilt in the starting certain thoughts in relation to this reading. Like several of of the war and in the things that happened during the war. the others, Raeder asked many questions about how we It was proven by witnesses and documentary evidence that celebrated the Lord's Supper. I referred him to our cate- the vaults in his bank contained the gold from teeth of chism and to portions of the Scriptures that had a bearing concentration camp victims. He denied any knowledge of on this point. Within a few days he met with Von Schi- this, but said he was guilty because he was responsible. He reach in the little Chapel to celebrate the Sacrament which also held that the guilt of the German people was not the he had studied so devoutly in previous days. same as that of the party leaders like himself. Dr. Schacht
The Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht, Keitel, Was al- (Fritzsche and Von Papen were freed by the Military ways devotional in his bearing when I called to visit with Tribunal), who spent nearly a year in a concentration camp him. I found him deeply Christian, a man who led his own because he dared to protest the party program, held that devotions. He was so thankful for the fact that someone thousands of Germans simply followed the leader, that it In our Army or our nation thought enough of spiritual was like a blind man leading the blind. Goering held that uidance to assign a chaplain to the defendants. At one you don't start a war unless you think that it can be won time he asked me to convey his thanks to the Christian by you. The IMT held that the Nazi leaders were guilty people of America for sending a chaplain to them. After of starting a war, not for taking part in one. Several of July-August, 1947
the convicted said it would take thousands of years to he headed. Local leaders in charge did not always co. wipe out the crimes of this war, crimes committed by Ger- operate with the clergy. This brought criticism upon h' mans. They hoped that personal guilt would not be placed and the movement he sponsored. Public demonstrations on the masses, were staged on Sunday by certain leaders who wanted to win the youth from the Church. These were, however, 0Von
Clique Control: Schirach said, exceptions rather than the rule. The YMCA
We can give you a few thoughts under the heading of in Germany is the young people's organization of the what we might call "Clique Control." A little group got church and church men did most of their young people's into the saddle of governmental affairs. Little by little it work through this organization. The leaders of this group, got into full control. First it gained a foothold because it although doing some splendid work, got only a small per seemed to cater to the working classes. From talks with cent of the youth into its program. The Hitler youth saw the defendants and many witnesses in the Nuernberg the advantage of setting up their own program which soon Prison, I have concluded that many who went along with gave the church competition, and as it grew, became anthe party thought it a good thing for their country. But tagonistic to the church in certain local communities. Von "Clique Control" began to grow. It took a toe-hold on the Schirach hoped the youth would return to the Church, the country through public works programs such as the Auto- only lasting influence and the only firm voice today and in bahn, etc. It did away with unemployment. The cost of liv- the future. He hopes that Pastors will work to help a diJs ing was low and men could support their families on small appointed youth to find its way back to the Altars of its salaries. But, somewhere along the line this group got the confirmation. The American soldier is doing much toward idea of expansion through aggression and from that mo- exerting democratic ideas among the German young ment on plans got under way for war, if that should be- people. The youth movement, originally sponsored by the come necessary to get more Lebensraum. All smaller chaplains in the American zone, has gone a long way groups, about 29 parties, were swallowed up with this ac- toward winning the hearts of these bewildered youngsters, tion and there started a reign of persecution against all Thousands of kiddies received small Christmas gifts from opposition. The clique saw an opportunity to do some- friendly GIs this last Christmas. Certain chaplains organ. thing that would pull others along. Many went along ized Youth For Christ rallies throughout the American thinking, at least at the beginning, that they had found zone. At that, we were very slow in getting started in doing something good for the fatherland. Only a few got to the for the children and young people. It is interesting to note top, and they began to crack the whip over their people. and it is a matter of record that the Salvation Army went Millions were caught in this political current. However, to work with British troops as soon as they entered Germany saw trouble ahead after the Anschluss of Austria. man territory. In the summer following "V-E" Day, EngIn one of their secret meetings Hitler told Raeder, "You land's Salvation Army made it possible for many boys and see, it worked. I told you so. The prayers of a thousand girls to attend summer camps in the British zone. For some years have been answered." Raeder concluded that nothing reason it took us longer to get started on this type of procould stop Hitler from there on. The Clique was in the gram. I hold that we should do what we can for the saddle and in control. Once on their books as a member, children of Germany. This movement can prove to be the no matter how small and insignificant, you were stuck. biggest factor in holding the peace of the future. The fact Your convictions were stifled. It was dangerous to protest, is, children all over Europe need our attention. I'm glad and you could not resign. that our Church and other Churches have hit upon a plan
Hitlerugend Cleared: of assistance in this movement. Hitler Jugend Cleared:
I had many talks with Baldur Von Schirach, the young- Church in Germany:
est among the Nazi group on trial, the one-time Hitler Permit me to mention some observations I have made youth leader of the German Reich. He joined the party concerning the Church in Germany. It is difficult to get a at 16. His mother was American born, of Chestnut Hills, good understanding of problems that raise their ugly Pennsylvania. I heard Von Schirach apologize to the Ger- heads in a State-supported Church. The leaders of the man youth from the witness stand for having taught them Reich claimed they had no un-churched folks in their to follow Hitler. He called Hitler a man who committed country. It was obligatory that the Pastors arrange for murder a million fold. The defendants had already seen baptism and confirmation of the children in their comthe atrocity film and at least three of them refused the munity. The buildings were erected by the State and Pastors evening meal that day. Schirach was among them. He was and teachers were paid by the government. There were sick and terribly dejected. On the basis of that film and re- exceptions, of course. The Moegledorf Church in my viports on concentration camps, Von Schirach called Hitler cinity in the suburb of Nuernberg claimed a membership the Mass Murderer of all history. It was a great comfort of 16,000 souls. Whenever they had an attendance of to him and his wife that the Hitler Youth Organization 150 to 200 in a Service, it was considered good. I have was cleared of criminal charges. The Church, Von Schi- come to the conclusion that thousands have gone through rach said, left much to be desired in its work with the youth the motions of the rite of confirmation, without finding the of his land. In his program for the youth, he insisted Saviour ... young people should study comparative religion and then decide for themselves what they wanted to be. A special Await Verdict: course was so arranged in the Hitler Youth Schools which At the end of the trial the eight judges went into secret 4 The Army and Navy Chaplain
session for several weeks. During this session, the defend- could see, not one flinched when he heard his sentence. ants, having nothing else to do, were permitted to take This day was called "Judgment Day" in the records of their daily walks and, to attend a devotional service every the Tribunal. This was October 1, 1946. evening after supper. The original 13 met with me in these For security reasons, we were no longer permitted to devotional sessions every day, and the 13 always included have assembled services in the tiny prison chapel. The Goering. It was gratifying to see the working of the Holy chaplains spent the greater part of their time in visiting Spirit on some of these men. with the men in "death row." All others had been moved Chaplain O'Connor had agreed with me that we should to the second tier. The work became increasingly difficult ask the IMT to permit the families to visit their men before because "Stars and Stripes" had announced that the the final verdict should be spoken. Justice Lawrence was condemned men would be hanged 15 days after "Judgagreeable, and through my Commanding Officer, Colonel ment Day." Their attorneys had read this item with a Bertram Andrus, the families were notified. The wives and great deal of interest and had conveyed the thought to their the children arrived in Nuernberg and were quartered in clients during the few meetings they still had with their certain homes with- their children under direction of the men. Every man in "death row" seemed quite certain that Internal Security. The wives and the children passed the execution would take place on Wednesday, October through my office, where my office helper, a German secre- 16th and every man wanted to know which part of the day tary, arranged a schedule for the families to see their men- they should have to go into eternity. Would it be the folks in the courthouse. We saw little hands and tender morning? Would it be at noontime? And now, a surhearts moving about from our office to the room arranged prising arrangement was made. By permission of the big for the visitors. We sometimes kept the little ones in our four control council, the condemned men, upon their reoffice while the mothers visited with the fathers. The first quest, should have one more opportunity to speak with visits were indeed hard to take. Then for some reason, the their wives. Those were difficult hours for the convicted closed session of the judges was continued for another and their loved ones, and for the chaplains. Keitel did not week, which gave the families an extra week of visits of want to see his wife because as he said, "I am too emotionone hour every day. They were not allowed to touch each ally unstrung and I simply couldn't bear up under it." I other. The defendants were heavily guarded and the chap- heard Mr. Ribbentrop plead with his wife that their chillain with an officer stayed on the visitors' side of the dren should be kept in the Church and be brought up in screen. The arrangement was such that there wasn't a pos- the fear and admonition of the Lord. This statement, comsible chance to pass anything through. During these visits ing from Mr. Ribbentrop as it does, is especially interesting the little ones became very dear to us. It was my privilege to me because'at the beginning of our work, we discovered and delight to speak to some of them about the Saviour. that the whole family had withdrawn from the church. God forbid any boasting at this point, but I have the con- During Mr. Ribbentrop's imprisonment we arranged for viction that some of the little girls and boys who came the baptism of his three children. Mrs. Sauckel promised to visit their daddies during these sessions became better her husband that their nine children should stay close to acquainted with the Saviour. Many of them knew the same the Cross of Jesus. Goering had asked his wife what their bedtime prayers that I had learned as a child at my little daughter Edda had said about this whole situation. mother's knee. Our hearts were heavy as we bid these She replied that Edda had said she wanted to meet her families farewell at the end of their visits. Daddy in Heaven. By this time Goering was on his feet
Seenced: turning to leave and I saw tears on his cheeks for the first sentenced: time. As I met with him a little later in his cell, he said
After the judges were ready to bring in their verdict on that he had died when he left his wife upstairs.
the 21 men, the next court session was announced and the From that day on, we were with the men almost day defendants were assembled once more, in fact, for the last and night. Some of the men asked me to stop in to visit time in the courtroom. They sat through one whole day with them four and five times a day. Von Ribbentrop read to hear again the charges read under which they were to be his Bible most of the day. Keitel was especially interested convicted. The next day they were called in one by one and in certain Bible portions and certain hymns which spoke heard their final sentence spoken by Justice Lawrence. of the love of God in the redeeming Blood of Christ. The following men received the death sentence: Goering, Sauckel was much disturbed. He was so unstrung that I Von Ribbentrop, Keitel, Kaltenbrunner, Rosenberg, Frank, feared he would not hold up under the pressure. He would Frick, Streicher and Seyss Inquart. The following received pray aloud and always end our devotional sessions with, life imprisonment: Hess, Funk, Raeder. Von Schirach and "God be merciful to me, a sinner." These three celebrated Speer each received 20 years. Von Neurath, 15 years and the Lord's Supper with me in their cells. God had changed Donetz 10 years imprisonment. Von Papen, Schacht and these hearts along the way and now in the face of losing Fritzsche were declared free men by the Military Tribunal. all material things, even their lives, they could hear the All men were tried on one or more of the following promises of God to penitent sinners through the lips of counts: Jesus who received sin burdened souls.
1. Crimes against peace.
2. Planning a war. Goering's Suicide:
3. War crimes. There was much excitement on the 16th of October. Th4. Crimes against humanity. The Chaplains went from cell to cell and stayed a few The men took the verdicts like soldiers and as far as I (Continued on page 20) ukly-August, 1947 5
"JUVENILE DELINQUENCY"
By CHAPLAIN AUBREY J. O'REILLY, USA
SERIOUS PROBLEMS FACE US rate, the United States will begin to decline in population
SONE OF THE most serious problems confronting our in less than thirty years.
nation today is the excessive rate of crime among our With this unhappy picture before us, it is not surprising young people. Popularly called "Juvenile Delinquency," to learn that parents are manifesting less respect for the it includes any young person between the ages of 7 and 21 few children they do have, and in return children are years, dependent upon the state where the offense is com- showing less respect for their parents and everybody else. mitted, who is guilty of any antisocial or immoral conduct In a recent talk, J. Edgar Hoover, one of whose principal from playing truant to murder. tasks is the curbing of juvenile delinquency, said: "Parents
During the war years many of our most skilled sociolo- who neglect to train their children (and how can they gists explained this excessive rate of juvenile crime by the train them if they don't have them?) in their fundamental disruption of the home, and they fully expected that with obligations to society have violated the dignity of their the termination of hostilities, this high percentage would parenthood and constitute a threat not only to their own decrease. It has been a matter of grave concern not only family, but to every man, woman and child in the conto them, but to the entire nation, that it has not only not munity." We might add that if the wealth of a nation does decreased, but has shown a decided increase since the ter- not consist in its natural resources but in the character of mination of hostilities. It is imperative therefore that we, its people, then the family which is the cell responsible for as honorable American citizens, learn something about the production of those people with character must be prethe causes of this increase in juvenile crime at our earliest served in its strongest form at all costs. opportunity in order that we might do our part to reduce SUGGESTED REMEDIES it to a minimum.
In any discussion of human conduct, especially that of First and foremost in any remedy for giving strength to children, it is necessary to remember that a study of its the weak family ties is education. By "education" we causes is just as complex as the effects that we note; and mean that knowledge that a man or a woman must have in the case of our juvenile delinquents, we must know and in order to observe their marriage vows until death. This understand the causes before we can apply any remedies. knowledge is not obtainable ordinarily any place outside of
To get at the root of juvenile crime, therefore, we must the church, and since more than half of our people attend first examine the home from which the child comes. It goes no church whatsoever, it is certainly imperative that some without saying that the home is no stronger than the mar- form of premarriage guidance be made available and riage bond that holds the father and mother of that home even obligatory for everyone who applies for a license to together; and we might add that no nation is any stronger marry. For if we do not permit a lawyer, for example, to than the families that compose it. There is every indication practice law until he has manifested proof that he is master today that the institution of the family as we know it, is at of his profession, and who in the course of his life may a crisis not only in the USA, but throughout western influence a great number of people, how much more civilization. Justice Birdseye of the New York Supreme important is it to make sure that prospective parents, upon Court in 1857 said: "The family is the origin of all society whom the very life of our nation itself depends, know and of all government... The whole frame of government what their obligations are and how they are to be fit eduand laws has been said to exist only to protect and sup- cators of their children for life. It is well and good to port the family." In analyzing the fall of the Greek and examine prospective candidates for marriage physically in Roman Empires, all historians agree that the causes were order to make sure that they are not carriers of disease. But the same: "(1) Almost universal corruption and disre- how futile if the minds of these same candidates are gard for the marriage agreement. (2) A vanishing birth- morally infected so that they will pass that on to any rate. (3) Juvenile and adult delinquency." children that they may have!
For example, the American divorce rate of one out of The second and we might add no less important remedy three marriages is sufficient proof that too many of our for maintaining the family would be the immediate closing people disregard their marriage vows. This figure almost or at least the curtailing of the divorce mills that operate equals that of the Bolsheviks prior to 1936 during their era on a mass production scale in several of our states. There of "free love." The number of our fellow citizens who dis- are other and more honorable ways of making money regard the oral code entirely in regard to matters of sex than by the breaking up of the family and making a mockcan be surmised by the reports in our daily newspapers. ery out of what was once the most sacred promise that a
Furthermore, there is another and a more serious symp- man or a woman could make to one another.
tom of our national sickness in what has been called the The third factor necessary to strengthen the marriage "International sitdown strike" against motherhood, which bond would be to encourage the couple to have a family. has been growing in geometric ratio since the Industrial This could be done by the preferential treatment of fathers Revolution. Suffice it to say that 44%o of our married and mothers by employers, banks and the State, even to the couples have no children and 22% have only one. At this (Continued on page 13)
6 The Army and Navy Chaplain
New York's Neglected National Shrine*
By CHAPLAIN WM. E. AUSTILL
To the New York Herald Tribune: which he sold to the American public, and contributed the proceeds to the pedestal fund.
The statement that the site of the Statue of Liberty is a proceeds to hepedesta fund.
national disgrace may shock you, but take the boat from Not even the generosity of France, the enthusiasm of Battery Park, New York City, to Bedloe's Island and see Bartholdi or the campaign of Joseph Pulitzer has really for yourself. dispelled the lethargy which seems to enshroud governWhen you visit the Grand Canyon, Yellowstone Mt ment officials and the general public in providing fitting ier, Yosvite and aNyon, Y son t and proper maintenance of Bedloe's Island. For years only Ranier, Yosemite, and Sequoia National Parks you find the three acres were set apart for the public, and the Army natural beauty enhanced by an extensive and elaborate in- used the remainder of the island for a radio station and vestment of public moneys for attractive buildings that fit ue h eane fteiln o ai tto n vetment of public moneys for attractive buildings that fit military police headquarters. It was not until Aug. 9, 1933, into their settings. that a Presidential proclamation transferred the monuAfter visiting these national parks and enjoying not only ment from the War Department to the Department of the the splendor of their settings but the comfort of their Interior to be administered by the National Park Service facilities, and having sailed into New York Harbor, past The Army post was abandoned in September, 1937. Howthe Statue of Liberty, from seven voyages, I finally took ever, three of the Army buildings still stand and are used a boat over to Bedloe's Island to see the "Old Lady," on as quarters for the island's caretaking staff. her sixtieth birthday. What a shock I received! There Plans have already been drawn by the National Park she stands in all her glory, set in the midst of a barren and Service for the beautification of the island. Although a undeveloped island, with a small hot-dog stand the only refreshment stand of some size has been built, it cannot be place of hospitality or refuge from the elements. Eight used because the new docks are not in place; in fact, the acres of land are unusable by the public. On this wasted docks have not been started. The entire plan for improvesection are a power plant and several broken-down build- ment has been shelved since 1941. That is understandable, ings. One set of docks is in disrepair and an unsightly but there is no reason to delay any longer. The present mess. Boats run all winter, but who wants to freeze or be plans include a fine promenade about the island, an abunharassed by the island's meager facilities for comfort and dance of shrubbery, a new dock and sea wall and perhaps a refreshment? shed to shelter the passengers waiting for the boat. HowThe National Park Service has reported that this last ever, plans are still in the blueprint stage.
summer 3,000 to 6,000 visitors daily visited the island. I At least 1,500 visitors an hour are expected to visit the am sure that in the next few years practically every veteran statue this summer. The reputed grandeur of America from overseas will wish to make a pilgrimage there. The takes a beating when a visitor from abroad discovers the statue is a tug at the heartstrings of soldiers who sailed neglect of such a treasure. Moreover, the present plans forth to defend the cause of liberty. She typifies somethin neglect of such a treasure. Moreover, the present plans sacred to them. do not include a spacious and attractive lodge, whose
sacredwide veranda, facing the New York skyline, could be a
But when those veterans visit the statue they will be dis- source both of inspiration and of rest for the visitor weary appointed. Many of them will be shocked. She is magnifi- from his climb to the top of the monument. cent from a distance, but the ground surrounding her The significance of the monument is what it stands for shows shameful neglect. No deep concern would be ex- to every American. We in a democracy are prone to conpressed over the deplorable condition of Bedloe's Island demn a dictator who utilizes fanfare to persuade his people if the gift of the Statue of Liberty was a recent acquisition, of the glory of his doctrine. His fanfare is dedicated to But this is not the case. For the last sixty years the Goddess ignoble ends. Yet we have sinned as much by omission. of Liberty has shed her inspiring light on the waters of We have neglected, and are neglecting, to develop and New York Harbor. When M. Bartholdi was selected by the utilize for the inspiration of all Americans one of the newly organized Franco-American Union to construct a most stimulating symbols of what we all believe in and suitable symbol of the friendliness of France for America hop t ut h ol he e vin and and which would typify the spirit of our new nation, he hope for throughout the world. The renovation and immade a five-month tour of the United States, selecting Bed- provement of facilities on Bedloe's Island are essential if loe's Island as the site of his intended colossus. It took the inspiration of the statue is not to be lost through Congress considerable time to become sufficiently inter- visiting it. The opportunity demands that Bedloe's Island ested in the project to set aside a part of the island for the be so developed that a pilgrimage to the statue will give base of the statue. After the statue was finished, interest the citizen a new appreciation of his nation and what it in its dedication lagged until Joseph Pulitzer used his stands for. The cost of a new sea wall, a fine spacious paper, "The New York World," to campaign for funds lodge, a new pier and other features is estimated to total fr the pedestal M. Bartholdi also published a little book one million dollars. In a world as sordid and scarred as entitled "The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World," on
"The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World," ours, the value of developing points of inspiration and
*Printed by permission of the New York Herald Tribune. beauty in our land cannot be overestimated. luly-August, 1947 7
Promote Weekday Religious Education!
Program At Schofield Barracks
By CHAPLAIN JAMES S. GRIFFES
T HIS MATERIAL has been compiled in compliance primarily for this purpose. One of the chaplains, W. B.
with the desires expressed by Chaplain Roy H. Parker, Alsworth, was given the responsibility for the develop. on his recent visit to this post, of having a write-up on our ment of this program, and carried it on until transferred experience in the Weekday Religious Education program. to the 26th Station Hospital, when Chaplain James S.
When the present Post Chaplain, Daniel H. Trevitt, ar- Griffes took over the supervision of the youth work.
rived at this post in March 1946, a Post Children's School We soon found the chapel too small for the growing had been set up to take care of the rapidly growing child attendance, but by securing the use of the Post Kinderpopulation on the post. He was interested in having some garten rooms nearby for our Beginner's Department, program of religious education started and after consulta- which numbers around fifty children, and building two tion with the School's Officer, a program was hurriedly classrooms in the balcony, we have been able to carry on a instituted, which provided for a half-hour of instruction fairly well organized Sunday School with three classes in on Thursdays after school hours. This program was un- the beginners' department and six classes in what we call satisfactory because of confusion in matter of transporta- the Youth Church: those from grades one to eight. tion, and small irregular attendance. The Youth Church or Sunday School meets at 1000
Looking forward to the school year of 1946-1947 a plan hours, the same time that adult Protestant services are for released time for religious education classes in accord- held at the different chapels. The children are picked up ance with that now in force here in the Territory of Hawaii at their homes by two Sunday School busses as this is a was. proposed to and adopted by this Headquarters. The very large post, and, returned after the session. The atpatrons of the school were sent a letter explaining the tendance averages over 125 children. We have usod graded plan, and during the first week of school the chaplains Sunday School materials put out by the Pilgrim, Methodwent into all the rooms and explained the program to the ist, Graded and Westminister Presses which we could sestudents and gave each a letter and enrollment card to take cure locally. The Youth Church program itself has been home. The response was excellent with 97o of the pupils built around the philosophy that the child learns by doing enrolling in the classes at that time, and with close to and so the children themselves have been the worship 100% now attending, total of around 370 pupils. leaders, helping to plan and execute the worship program
The classes have been held during the last half hour of which precedes the classes. Each class has a representative the school day on Tuesdays with eleven chaplains; seven taking part in the service almost every Sunday. We have Protestant and four Catholic classes running simultane- also been using visual means of education through the ously. use of the few Cathedral films we have been able to seThe Catholic instruction has been given by Catholic cure. women living on the post, who formed into a Catechetical Guild under the supervision of the Catholic Chaplain with canonically approved textbooks being used by the various Treasurer's Report grades. Chaplain Patrick F. McKivigan has been in charge.
The Protestant Chaplains at Schofield and Wheeler January 1st to June 30, 1947 Field all share in teaching along with the two Protestant Balanec, December 31, 1946 .. $1,131.05 women who volunteered to teach the two first grade Receipts ................... 1,284.97
. 8 Bonds Cashed . .. .. .. ... .. 3,800.00
classes. The curriculum used in the first four grades is Bh.0 the "Pilgrim Bible Books For Girls and Boys" (Grades Total .............................. $6,216.02
1-4), published by the Pilgrim Press, Boston, Massachu- Expenditures: setts. In the fifth and sixth grades we use the Weekday Salaries .................... $1,080.00
Religious Education manual edited and published by the Clerical Help ............... 186.00
Honolulu Council of Religious Education. Office Supplies ............. 47.92
This plan has worked quite satisfactorily this year, but Printing (A N C) ........... 3,333.23
with the reduction of chaplain strength on the post, it Postage .................... 81.36
appears that a staggered schedule will have to be planned Telegrams and Tolls ........ 58.58 for the coming year. Advertising & Authorized Travel 97.70
In addition to our program of WDRE we have of course *Services ................... 205.92
our Protestant Sunday School program. It was begun in Miscellaneous ............... 28.78
March 1946 with the coming of families to the Post. As 5,119.49 there was no Sunday School or Religious Education building on the post, the Post Chaplain designated one of the Balance .............................. $1,096.53
Cantonment Chapels as the Youth Chapel to be used *Expenditures covered by designated receipts.
8 The Army and Navy Chaplain
PATRIOTISM AND CHARACTER
By HON. KENNETH C. ROYALL
A MERICA wants peace and not war. It has no appetite Closer contact with the citizens we serve will mean that for further conflicts, with the inevitable casualities the Army, the Navy and the Air Forces must be increasand 'costs. And the growing popular support of adequate ingly responsive to the public will. Our program and our preparedness is due not only to the fact that we may need achievements will be subjected to scrutiny and discussion to use our Army and Navy and Air Force for defense of as never before in peacetime. In the fulfillment of our our country, but it is also largely due to the conviction- mission, we will become more and more dependent upon the sound conviction-that in a world fraught with dis- the good will and support of the nation at large. cord and political conflict, the existence of military We will need good public relations in the broadest strength is the best guarantee of peace-the best assurance sense-public relations not only through the familiar that this strength will never have to be used in another media of press releases and selling campaigns, but through war. a convincing demonstration of good sense, through the The country at large would prefer to assume that our proper conduct of our men and officers, and through the armed forces would always be peacetime forces. But you wisdom and fairness of our military leaders. officers of the Army, Navy and Air Forces cannot pro- We must attune our conduct to this new circumstance. ceed on this assumption. If you did, you would defeat the The defense departments are no longer things apart. We very purpose of preparedness. You must train and plan are vital and important elements-and servants-of a great with war in view. No matter how placid the international democratic nation. We cannot keep ourselves in a military waters may become, you must have definitely in mind at hermitage. We must live with the people of America, lease the possibility of an immediate conflict. Otherwise, maintain their standards, and contribute to the enrichment you lack both purpose and a definite objective, of their lives. In thus preparing yourselves for defense of your coun- America is a moral nation-some tabloids notwithstandtry-its immediate or future defense-you must take into ing. America is a home-loving nation-divorce figures account two broad factors, the lessons of the past and the- notwithstanding. America is a religious nation-despite probabilities of the future. Some military fundamentals are Communistic propaganda. Our nation is filled with devout just as sound today as they were 100-or 1,000-years and honest people who believe in God and look to Him ago. Still others have changed little, if at all, with the for guidance and consolation. These are the people we advent of new calibers or new ranges, or with the increase represent. We must show them in every way at our comin the mechanization or average altitude of warfare. mand that we recognize and uphold the same principles,. Our strategic plans and our tactics for defense and of- and the same rules of life which they cherish. fense must take into account all reasonable contingencies. This is the right thing to do-and that is reason enough. And you know better than I how greatly this extends the But if you need another reason-it is a sound thing to do field of military preparedness, how it enlarges in numbers for national defense. For you can rest assured that in a and in variety the troops and equipment we need-how it free-thinking and free-acing democracy like ours, a large expands the size and expense of the requisite military armed force cannot continue and cannot remain efficient, establishment-how it multiplies and complicates the unless it conforms to national ideas and ideals-unless it problems of our security planning. thereby gains and holds the confidence and support of the These uncertainties make the country more dependent people as a whole. upon you and other officers of our armed services-de- You well appreciate, I am sure, that all the Army's pendent upon you for sound and wise leadership. Adapt- battles are not fought with the firepower of battalions nor ability and flexibility become more necessary in your men- with planes and tanks. Today's battle is for America, for tal approach and in your training, prosperity and the good things of life for her people-and Further demands on your professional ability stem from for her political and moral and religious ideals. It is a the increased peacetime size of the Army and Navy, and battle that calls forth all the tremendous resources of a from the proportionately larger expenditure of public democratic nation. It calls for the exercise of the qualities funds that this security establishment will entail., that brought America to its present position of world With a million or more men in the Regular forces, and leadership. other millions trained in the Reserve and the National Your contribution to the victory-which America must Guard-and probably the universal military program- and will win in peace or in war-is in the enlightened there,will be a new and stronger interest in the armed leadership you can impart to the Army, and to its program. services in every city, town and hamlet in the nation. And That leadership must be reflected in the character and the with a greater part of the tax dollar devoted to military
purposes, the taxpayer will view the armed services with energy and the ii ohe men you lead. I have seen redoubled interest. and known the military commanders our Army and Navy
-eoule for the years just behind, and I have no fear for the
*Extract from an address delivered by Hon. Kenneth C. Royall before future of America-nor for the high calling which they the Graduating Class Command and General Staff School, Fort Leaven- have served so proudly and so well. July-Au italics ours-Editors. 9 JUIY.August, 1947 9
FROM PULPIT TO PALETTE
By CHAPLAIN ALVA J. BRASTED, Ret., USA
M OST MEMBERS of the Regular Army and Navy Having had a throat operation, which left one vocal cord
.. look forward to the day of retirement as the begin- practically inert, he was advised by medical authorities not ning of many carefree and happy years, when one can do to take any speaking engagements. Golf never appealed to about as he pleases. But, by and large, experience has him. He devoted some time to photography but found this demonstrated that retirement without interesting and too expensive. A great lover of color, he answered the urge worthwhile work is no utopia. to take up his present hobby, painting.
Recently I visited a colonel who has been retired about One day he visited an art supply shop in Washington a year. He owns a beautiful and valuable residence in our and bought a complete oil painting outfit and began to city. His retired salary is adequate to support his wife and experiment by putting color and form on canvas. That was himself. They have no children and no debts and are free the beginning of the avocation from which he has derived to go and come at will, but this retired colonel is restless great benefit in terms of morale and health. He bought a and unhappy. He said, "Chaplain, for me retirement is few works on technique in painting and "began to expunishment." pend a lot of color and spoil a lot of good canvas."
For the normal person in good health there is no happi- At first the results were most unsatisfactory, but after ness without the stimulus of work. I have known so many much hard work and perseverance his first picture was officers and enlisted men, who without employment have completed. It was a seascape on Nantucket Island, where died shortly after retirement, that it is my opinion that Chaplain and Mrs. Yates have a cottage. He said: "Bewithout interesting work, which brings into action both lieve it or not, without any effort on my part, this, my first the mind and body, the person who has lived an active picture, was purchased at a good price." life and is still able to work will not survive many years An art colony on Nantucket Island gave him incentive of inactivity. and encouragement. Self-taught and doubtless unorthodox
In the spring of 1913 I was appointed to the regular 'in his methods, he learned from books and received valu.army chaplaincy. That I might become familiar with the able suggestions from artists whose counsel he sought. I duties of this office I was assigned to serve with Chaplain was impressed with his statement that next to talent the Julian E. Yates, who, at that time had served as a regular things that count for most in the effort to attain success army chaplain for eleven years. Chaplain Yates retired for are patience and persistence. He said: "I cultivated these age October 31st, 1935, nearly twelve years ago, after virtues and sat for long hours trying to express with brush thirty-three years of active service, four of which (1929- and color what my eyes beheld." 33) he was Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army. Chaplain Yates began to paint without thought of finanI wish to cite him as an example of one who has solved cial remuneration. His pictures have been included in exthe problem of retirement. hibitions of the works of local artists on Nantucket, and
Recently I visited with Chaplain Yates and I said to him all have been quickly sold. In 1943 his was the first picture that an article should be published in THE ARMY AND sold. In 1944 he submitted five canvases and in 1945 seven NAVY CHAPLAIN concerning his activities since retirement; landscapes. All were sold. Last year six of his canvases that such an article would illustrate the value of a worth- were placed on exhibit and sold, one bought by another while hobby to the one who has retired and that it would competing artist. Also, three special commissions were be of special interest to the many chaplains throughout the executed. His best effort of last season sold for one huncountry who have not had opportunity to keep in touch dred and twenty-five dollars. This season he will have with him since his retirement. The chaplain hesitated but seven or eight canvases on exhibition and for sale. finally said: "If my experience will help any one else to Chaplain Yates says that no pastime is more fascinating
find happiness in work after retirement you have my per- than painting and he recommends it to any retired person find happiness in rticlereiemn a sgwho loves the beauty of nature and has a talent for drawmission to write the article as suggested."
Chaplain Yates said that after retirement he found him- ing; that any one who can draw can paint, unless he is
alfwitu atai thaer wetomth to im color-blind; that even though the painter may not find self without a vocation; there was too much time for purchasers for his pictures, or wish to find them, he will leisure and too little to do. His flower garden didn't take have the satisfaction of producing a permanent record of much time. The condition of his eyes was such that read- something beautiful and inspiring. We are reminded of the ing had to be curtailed. He did not feel inclined to write, words of Keats:
EDITOR'S NOTE: The five former Chiefs of Chaplains USA served in "A thing of beauty is a joy forever; the following order: John T. Axton, Edmond P. Easterbrook, Julian E.
Yates, Alva J. Brasted and William R. Arnold. Chaplains Axton and Its loveliness increases; it will never Easterbrook are deceased. On retirement from the office of the Chief of Pass into nothingness; but still will keep Chaplains and for age Chaplain Arnold was appointed to the bishopric.
Following retirement from the Army the second time for age, Dec. 1st, A bower quiet for us, and a sleep 1943, Chaplain Brasted, a former Chief of Chaplains, USA, has been Full of sweet dreams, and health and quiet breathserving as an interim pastor in Alexandria, Virginia, Washington, D. C., and Arlington, Virginia. ing. 10 The Army and Navy Chaplain
The Chaplain And The Tin Can
By CHAPLAIN MONROE DREW, JR., USNR.
I'M feeling bad right about now, but you wouldn't be too I felt new life coursing through me, and even managed a Much interested in the story behind that. It's just that half-decent salute as I clambered on deck and asked pera chaplain has to find some way of telling his troubles, and mission to board. maybe if I tell you what happened that other time you'll I left my gear topside and asked to be taken to the deget a kick out of it and I'll feel better, so it'll be a good stroyer's executive officer. He was a big, lanky lieutenant thing all around. with an easy smile-nice to talk to, that guy. It was like this: I'm sitting with my gear on the small- Says I, "Lieutenant, I will appreciate your asking the boat landing at Eniwetok. Just about as sad a sack as you'd captain if he could use a chaplain. I have been a transient ever hope to see.-And a sad-sack chaplain is an extra officer for almost as long as I can remember and I am now sight, I'm telling you! convinced that there is a status in the Navy ranking with Yeah, there I am, and it's just as dawn is breaking, and but not equal to a prisoner-at-large. I could go aboard the the slap, slap of the waves is all I can hear. But I'm listen- tender, but they have a chaplain, and I would very much ing for something entirely different,-the steady whine of like to make myself useful.-Never thought a lazy guy an LCVP that was going to take me out to a big Fletcher like me would feel this way,-but circumstances have class destroyer. driven me to it." I'd just flown down from Guam, and a day before that, The "exec" tells me they have been seventeen months from Okinawa to Guam, and a week before, that from out of Pearl, that I am the guy he's been dreaming about, Guam to Okinawa, and that selfsame day from Samar in as his own shoulder has been wet, lo these many months. the Philippines, where I'd left the APA that had packed He trundles off to check with the skipper and comes back us in from Frisco, and left us stewing in our juice for a in a minute with the news I'm hired.-I'm to consider mycouple of weeks at Tacloban over on Leyte,-and brother, self part of ship's company. I was tired. Tired of getting kicked around-tired of hear- Talk about a good feeling!-The H. L. Edwards (DDing people who should've known telling me my ship. was 663); a place to call home, an outfit I can feel a part of,somewhere she wasn't or telling me how the hell did they and besides I'd always wanted to ride a can!know where a combat ship was and would I please go It was a Thursday when I came aboard, and it took me away. a couple of days to get squared away. At last, hot showers
Like up at Okinawa. They said, "Just go out in the and laundry! I lingered long at the unusually good bay, and look around,-maybe they'd know about a cruiser chow,-in fact there is a certain head of cheddar cheese on the command ship." Oh yes, they knew all right.-"The which once reposed in all its golden glory in the wardChester, sure, she's here. We'll give you the bearing on room ice box of that destroyer that made uncounted conher,--she's over about two miles from us." tributions of an inestimable degree to my internal welfare.
So I practically have to bribe the coxswain who thinks The captain and I used to sit at the green-baized table, he's out of gas to take me over. And when we get close late at night, munching that delicious cheese with crackers enough to that big beautiful cruiser to read her number and fruit juice, sharing our views of life in general, and through the pouring rain-she's the Portland, and besides religion, in particular. she's just getting underway-I like to jumped overboard! Like as not we'd be joined by one or two officers,--and
Yeah, I'm tired all right-and that's a gross understate- soul-shaking was the wisdom unloaded with the breeze. ment. They told me in Guam I'd catch a seaplane tender That first Sunday was something to write home about,or her escorting destroyer at Eniwetok, if I were lucky. and many of the ship's people did, the censors told me. These ships were joining the Chester and her task force in I had borrowed a portable organ and microphone from the Aleutians, of all places! the chaplain on the AV the day after coming aboard and
---So there I sat, listening to the slap, slap of the waves had conducted a little community singing, before the
-and watching a big Fletcher class destroyer glide movies-beat the bushes a bit for some talent and added through the gray dawn of Eniwetok. a couple of vocal solos of my own to the concoction.
I was just a little indifferent when the LCVP finally We had a lot of fun, and of course it didn't detract in showed up, and couldn't even think of anything to say the least from the general novelty of having a padre" when the coxswain explained he knew I hadn't minded aboard. their picking up a cup of coffee on the way down. Preparations for Sunday stirred up a lot more interest.
Well, we puttered around where that can was supposed We decided to rig church on the fo'csle, and one of the to be, and couldn't find her. Then, after I'd given up, ship's carpenters built me a very acceptable altar. We dethe coxswain decides he's been looking in the wrong an- cided to use the movie screen as a windbreak and cover it chragoe-and finally pointsher out-to-me, with bunting--and signal flags, as wet as the 'national
One of the "twenty-one hundreds," she swung at her ensign.
anchor like a trim hound on a leash, and as I caught a I asked if we had a church pennant aboard, that snowwhiff of ham, eggs and toast wafted as it were in greeting, white triangle with the blue cross that is flown above the July-August, 1947 11
national colors while divine services are being conducted could say that the Heywood L. Edwards was lacking in rein Navy ships or stations. The answer was "yes." ligious facilities. Ordinarily the men and officers of the
"Well, let's do this right," I said.-"We'll break out destroyers do not see chaplains for months at a time.
that pennant.-I want church call and the word passed." The great day finally dawned! We made contact with
"But we have no bugler, Padre,-and nobody would the task force right on schedule, and there she was, the recognize the call if the bo'sun piped it. Guess we'll just mighty Chester steaming down the middle of the forma. have to do without that." tion in all her regal splendor. We knifed across her
"I think I can arrange for church call," I said. wake, about 100 yards astern, to pick up mail from the "You can't arrange it if there's no bugler around, Chap- command ship. So near and yet so far! All I could do lain," they explained gently. was watch the Chester disappear over the horizon, as we
Sunday dawned bright and clear. At 0845 I unpacked took up our station with a carrier force to patrol off the the trumpet I'd brought with me and ambled down to the Japanese coast as the rest went in. P.A. box on the quarterdeck. The bo'sun's mate was As if I hadn't had enough! For a whole weary week we checking over the traditional word I had given him. He churned the choppy seas,-back and forth, back and forth, grinned when he saw the trumpet.-"I'll be damned," he with me pacing the director platform like a lunatic. My said, and then added, hurriedly,-"Pardon me, Padre, it jolly shipmates were a great help. The fourth day of our slipped-and on Sunday morning too." patrol, the Communications Officer came down to chow
He held all circuits open for me and the long notes of with a dispatch in his hand, excited as could be, and waved that beautiful call flowed into every compartment of the the darn thing under my nose. "Padre," says he with the ship. Then the bo'sun intoned the familiar, "The smoking intensity and fervor only sincerity and truthfulness are lamp is out. Knock off all games-Keep silence about the supposed to produce, "the Chester has just gotten orders to decks during Divine Service." India,-too bad, old man." I tried to pick myself up from
You could feel the ship vibrate with surprise over that under the table with gentlemanly grace, amid the general bugle call. The skipper called the "O.D." and asked, interest and condolences. .They had a near-berserk chap"Where in hell did we get the bugler ?" And about blew lain on their hands-And was I in good hands! They a gasket when he answered, "It's that crazy padre we have escorted me to the navigating bridge, showed me meaboard, Captain!" ticulously, on the charts just how the Chester left without
We had a wonderful turnout for church, well over half our being able to see her, and everyone cooperated in prothe crew, even counting the people on duty. And it wasn't viding me with all the incentive I needed for planning to hard to feel "the spirit" that beautiful morning-It gave spend the rest of my days aboard that little can,-never to me a strange feeling, beyond the range of my powers of see home and loved ones again ;-I sob even now as I think description, when I noticed how many eyes of those kneel- of it. ing kids were suspiciously moist as they took Holy Comn- I was able to take a little nourishment, of course, when munion. She'd been a lucky ship, that can, as much action we finally were ordered off patrol, and my bleary eyes took as any destroyer of her class and nary a scratch or a casu- in the sad sights of Hakodate, Saporo and the straits as we alty.. And somehow it didn't seem like luck as we all sang felt our way into Mutsu Bay. We didn't drop the hook the Navy hymn, "Eternal Father, Strong to Save." until after nightfall, so they had to wait until morning to
Well, the end of the war hit us just as we were about to show me the long lean Chester sitting serenely off the "shi6ve off" for Attu. We had been delayed because of starboard bow. last-miiute trouble with the AV's engines. So we were They told me they had already sent a blinker message still riding at anchor in Eniwetok when news of Japan's that I was aboard and the Chester would be sending a boat final surrender broke. Immediately our orders were in a few minutes. I went up to the Captain's cabin to pay changed to proceed to a rendezvous with the task force off my respects, and what do you suppose the "old man" Northern Honshu, main island of the Japanese chain. greeted me with?-"Where d6. you think you're going,
Man, what a ride! We had a trigger-happy skipper, and Padre?'" says he, just like that. Again I pick myself up the routine target practice leaving Eniwetok was "one for off the deck. I have traveled 16,000 miles for this! I pull the book." I am willing to bet the pilot towing that myself together and say feebly that I. am going to my sleeve never saw so much lead at one time in his life. We ship at last,-at long last. had every gun on the destroyer firing at the same time, and "But you have no relief, Chaplain," says the skipper. "I "the joint was really jumpin'." can't let you leave without a relief."
About the second night out, when we picked up a sound I hastily suggest the ship's doctor, with whom I had contact, the jittery watch thought sure is was a desperate spent many bull sessions as I shared his cabin. And the Jap sub, so we did one of those fancy cakewalks for which skipper solemnly agrees and gives me a hearty and friendly destroyers are famous over the spot, and .prepared to drop farewell. depth charges. But by that time it was decided we were My gear was already in the Chester's boat alongside, stalking a whale, so we let the matter, but not the depth and after completing my goodbys all over the ship I charges, drop. stepped out on the quarterdeck. Half the crew, for some
In between those typical "talks with the chaplain," I strange reason, seemed to be in the vicinity, all grinning organized a discussion group, which met during the week and chattering like a bunch of monkeys. I elbowed my way in the messing compartment, and on Sundays I had a serv- to the Officer of the Deck, saying goodbye along the way, ice in the m'r&ng and one in the afternoon, so no one and finally asked permission to leave the ship.
12 The Army and Navy Chaplain
"Just a minute, Padre," says the '"O.D.," as he whips and almost 80% had only nominal church affiliation. From out an official envelope. I tear the thing open, and find, this it would be safe to deduce that a weakening and even on the letterhead of the U. S. Pacific Fleet, Flagship of a total lack of religious influence in the lives of too many the Commander in Chief, the following citation: of our nation's parents and their children is an important factor in accounting for the nation's high rate of juvenile
"For his patience, perseverance and understanding crime and delinquency. Of all the influences for good at while aboard the destroyer USS Heywood L. Edwards. crime and delinquency. Of all the influences for good at y our disposal today, none surpasses that of the church for By his constant devotion to duty and untiring zeal he it is the only agency that represents all that is Good and aided materially in maintaining the morale of the crew. True and Beautiful. Too many parents in their eagerness His untiring efforts in keeping the wardroom ice-box to prepare their children for the material things of this temperature up to a maximum saved many tiresome world, miss the most important thing of all-religion. hours of defrosting. His conduct throughout was in The failure to instill in their offspring the necessity of keeping with the highest traditions of the United States following the established moral and ethical teachings of Naval Service. God has resulted, and is resulting every day in horrible
-Commendation Ribbon was authorized and they in- tragedy for the children themselves, their parents and the cluded the forged signature of Admiral Nimitz on the nation. For what good is it to teach a child that it takes crazy document. Down at the bottom was Pete, the dog's, five twenty dollar bills to equal one hundred dollars, for pawprint! The "O.D." and the rest gave me a hand as I example, if at the same time you fail to teach him that it is finished reading it, so I didn't have to say anything. But terribly wrong to steal or kill in order to obtain those I muttered, "Thanks very much, everybody," and started five twenty dollar bills? over to the ladder.
"Break out the side boys," yells the "O.D." and then NEED OF FAITH comes the payoff;-they pipe me over the side with ad- We are coming to realize more and more that the chaos niral's honors and the side boys in their blues! and confusion in the world today is but a reflection of, the The Chester's boat shoves off with a flourish, and a chaos and confusion in the minds of people all over the flurry of spray. It's a good thing we have a little of the world. Just as we are now beginning to realize that world latter so I can wipe some of it out of my eyes. strife is due in no small measure to a lack of faith in God and man, and the daily practice of the basic principles of
It lt ft morality and decency as taught by religion, so too we have learned that the same lack of religion is at the bottom of
Juvenile Delinquency the maladjustments of personality, unhappiness, inadequacy, crime and delinquency. Why is it that with the ad(Continued from page 6) vance of science and education, especially here in America, people are more confused, maladjusted and unhappy than
granting of free hospitalization of mothers if necessary. ever before? Why is it that with all of the material comHomes, moreover, should be provided at a reasonable cost forts available here in America that should, according to for all married couples with children; and the irreligious the anti-religionist, make of our life a literal paradise birth controllers should be scourged out of the temple for on earth, there are more than 700,000 patients in our what they are-enemies of the family and the state that mental hospitals, with an additional two million who are gives them refuge. suffering from various types of borderline psychosis? How can we explain away the 17,000 yearly suicides and the two
OTHER FACTORS INVOLVED million medical alcoholics. (600,000 of whom are instituHowever, there is more to juvenile delinquency than tionalized)i and the unaccountable millions who are runparents or a home. For delinquent children are not con- nihg here and there for help from the sound therapy of fmed to any particular economic or social level. Like disease modern psychiatry to the quack nostrums of popular lecand death, juvenile crime strikes at the homes of the rich tures, cheap magazines, escape types of movies, and night and poor alike. Nor is the problem limited to any certain clubs, behaving, in a word, very much likefrightened little section of the country. One thing that may be stated here children who grasp at anything to reassure, themselves that for certain, however, is that delinquency exists wherever there really are no ghosts and it is not so dark after all. there are self-centered and indifferent parents and where There is only one explanation and that is the desperate short-sighted communities fail to discharge their obliga- need they have of the Divine Physician. "Thou hast made tions to the younger generation. our hearts for Thee, O God! and they are restless until In the training of children, there is a tendency today to they rest in Thee" is just as true of us today as it was when disregard and to eliminate altogether the teachings of St. Augustine wrote these words 1600 years ,ago. If we God. Some years ago, a survey of 50,000 students attend- ;are serious then, about the solution of the problem of juveing the New York City high schools disclosed the startling 'nile delinquency, we must first solve the problem of the fact that three-fourths of the students did not know the Ten delinquertt and maladjusted adult, and that can be solved Commandments, and nearly two-thirds had never even only -at the foot of the Cross. heard of them! A survey of delinquent children of the
osame ct rn c EDIT. NOT.: The writer recently attended theChaplain School, Carlisle, same city revealed that 63% had no church connections, Pa. aS
July-August, 1947 : .' 13
CAREER PLANNING
By CHAPLAIN (COLONEL) ROY H. PARKER*
C AREER Planning has been in practice in the Army as War Department Career Management Branch whose sub.
long as our forces have been organized. The latest stance I herein present continues as follows:
Career Planning Program which has been initiated and is "It would eliminate repeated assignments to the same already being developed under the supervision of the War type of duty and substitute greater opportunity for de. Department, Director of Personnel and Administration is serving officers to experience key staff and command as. an implementation and application of sound personnel signments. The program contemplates a standard pro. principles and management to the choice, training, place- cedure of advancing responsibility on each assignment ment and utilization of officers and enlisted men for Army where officers habitually serve as understudies or as. service. This presentation is offered not to describe in detail sistants before being given positions of primary respon. the multifarious actions and procedures being developed sibility. Further, the program would reduce to a mini. in the War Department for a rich Career Management mum the influence of bias and favor on the careers of program but just to state the purpose and problem for the individuals and in the interest of the welfare of our sake of developing understanding, cooperation, confidence country seeks to broaden the horizons of opportunity for and patience for the work of the men to whom the pro- all officers. It is realized that there is nothing particularly gram and its implementation are committed, new about such a Program. Capable commanders have
The purpose has been suggested in the use of a phrase always endeavored to follow the principles enunci. which is frequently applied to men who have achieved ated. The adoption of the proposed program will give success in the commercial world-"learned their business permanence to an administrative pattern that has long from the ground up." This phrase defines the basic aim of been acknowledged as right and proper. Permanence, present plans for Career Management. For officers in the continuity, coordination, cooperation and understand. Army it has been found important to have a knowledge of ing are the essential elements of the plan." all phases of Army activity for solid leadership. And for The same aims will be exercised in the assignment pro. all personnel, such understanding, for full cooperation, cedures of all personnel in the Army. These are thus genaction and accomplishment. Everything that concerns a sol- erally stated by the War Department: dier's professional and personal existence-his ability, po- T he War Department tentiality and professional knowledge; his food, clothing, "The War Department is preparing an outline of career personal comfort and promotion; his character formation plans which will be a guide for all personnel of the Army. and spiritual outlook, and in time of war, his very life- The program is intended to: depend upon his commander's richness of knowledge a. Provide a rounded and balanced career for each and training and upon his very appreciation of the im- officer, warrant officer and enlisted man. portance of his leadership and also upon the respect of his b. Insure equal opportunity for selection, promotion Command, each for his own being and job and for the and for preferential assignment. personality and mission of his comrades as well as his c. Arrive at an accurate classification of the qualificaleader. The directors of the War Department program of tions of each officer, warrant officer, and enlisted man of Career Management in evaluating their recommendations the 1st grade and to insure that they are a matter of and initiating their actions state these factors as the de- record. terminants of its worth: (1) the value of human life; d. Insure that, in event of a national emergency, the
(2) the appreciation of the rights of the individual; (3) Army will have the proper balance of trained personnel the importance of maintaining our democratic institutions, qualified to fill appropriate command, Staff, and specialThe security of our country and the welfare of the military ist positions on all levels." service is the basic utilitarian purpose of personnel assign- It is realized that there are numerous and difficult prob ment. It is regarded, however, as an obvious fact that lems to be faced and solved as a Career Planning Program this basic aim can best be accomplished by utilizing per- is initiated and developed. The definition as well as solusonnel where their abilities, aptitudes and desires can best tion of problems, immediately seen and subsequently recog be used to accomplish the Army's assigned missions. nized as well as solved, will depend not only on the War
An effort will be exerted to make careful integration of Department, Procurement and Assignment Division, but each individual's desires and special qualifications into on the cooperation of all Arms and Services and their subcareer patterns designed to fit the needs of the Army. This divisions. Some of these problems are already reported be-. purpose contemplates the use of every type of assignment ing tackle&: during peace for training purposes, assignment with troops 1. Research to discover methods and measures for deand staff as well as schools. Assignments will be set up on termining accurate indices of ability. the basis of sound reason that emerges from a detailed 2. Administrative plans to insure impartial and proper plan. On the matter of assignment the release from the opportunities for military education.
*Director, Personnel Section, Office, Chief of Chaplains. (Continued on page 18) 14 The Army and Navy Chaplain
JOINT STATEMENT
By FOURTEEN CLERGYMEN
A COMMISSION of fourteen clergymen appointed by America. The recovery of Germany must be an essential the War Department to survey the problems and part of every plan for the recovery of Europe and hence conditions of the American Occupation of Germany and of the world. Austria completed its work and returned to Washington The difficulties of the quadri-partite arrangement, esthis morning. The group had left Washington June 23rd. pecially those that follow from Russian policy appeared Among the cities and areas visited were Rome, Geneva, to the clergymen an important factor in slowing down if Vienna, Berlin, Munich, Berchtesgaden, Garmisch-Parten- not preventing rehabilitation of Europe. America may be kirchen, Oberammergau, Salzburg, Nurnberg, Ansbach, confronted with this dilemma: either to recognize Western Heidelberg, Darmstadt, Frankfurt, Hamm Cemetery, and Germany as a separate economic and political unit, or to Paris. Individual men made many side trips to places of pour endless sums into a diseased, starving, and dismemspecial interest. At every place the utmost courtesy and bered Germany. hospitality were extended by General Lucius Clay and his The problem of the postwar democratization of GerCommand. There was unfailing good will, understanding many, apparently so simple before the war, looked quite and cooperation among the members of the commission different when observed on the spot. The commission was during the entire trip. of the opinion that a more active course should be adopted. The members of the commission were particularly im- This is particularly true in the field of education and youth pressed by the candor and general helpfulness of both the activities. The ideology which undergirds the democratic Army and Military Government. No attempt was made to way of life should be disseminated among all. hide anything. Military installations, D.P. Camps, The members of the commission are unanimous in their churches, service clubs, civilian homes of Germans were belief that the root of Germany's problems is spiritual. The visited. "Only the United States with its free institutions results of crass materialism are evident. Men were without and its tradition of the responsibility of government to its God and therefore without hope. The mind of the youth citizens could permit such freedom of investigation," one was systematically poisoned for 12 years. Today many are of the members of the commission stated. totally disillusioned. The exist in a vacuum. That vacuum Speaking by and large, the clergymen were amazed that may be filled again with corrosive beliefs. The destruction so much had been done by so few. Opinions previously of many churches, the dearth of schools, and the great lack held, based on an over-simplification of the problems of of newsprint are perilous realities. Men of good will must Occupation in Germany and Austria, have -largely been help immediately toward the alleviation of this situation. corrected. Perhaps the outstanding impression taken home On the trip church leaders in Austria and Germany were by the members of the commission was that of the be- encountered who are striving heroically in the face of wildering complexity of the task and of the earnest attempt great hardships to renew the spirit of the people. The work being made to solve it. The tangled economic, social and of our chaplains is outstanding. They have labored most political situation viewed at close range challenges every commendably among our soldiers and among the civilian attempt at solution. population of occupied areas. They have interpreted the Equally vivid in the minds of the visiting prelates was an heart of America to the peoples of Europe. In a country awareness of the dire physical need of all Europeans. The beset by hunger and many years of moral paganism, disdestruction of once beautiful cities, the end result of the turbing reports of deplorable moral conditions were enschemes of wreckless and ruthless men, is terrible to be- countered. In some cases these reports involved our officers hold. Precipitated by her leaders, the war has plunged and men in their relations with the native population. It Germany into the abyss of suffering. The German people was gratifying to know that the condition is recognized and are drinking the dregs of retribution. The philosophy of that steps are being taken to correct it. secularism and materialism so loudly preached by the Concerning displaced persons, the commission is of the prophets of National Socialism has yielded appalling re- opinion that these unfortunate men, women and children suits. When we are told that 40% of the students of one should be enabled to leave the camps as soon as feasible. large university are tubercular and that 100 students of Continued presence in the camps demoralizes men and another university have no known residence and therefore women. The problems of resettlement must be faced no ration cards, and that almost half of the children of squarely by every nation including the United States. These another area are proven by X-ray to be tubercular, the situ- people should not be left where they are now. ation seems desperate. Excellent work is being done by way It was obvious to the commission that there is a close of relief and assistance by various Christian and Jewish connection between democracy in the United States and agencies. However, much more needs to be done. The the democratization of Europe. The people of America are members of the commission came to believe that a dis- sincerely interested in exerting a helpful influence for deorganized, disunited and diseased Germany with its starv- mocracy on the peoples of Europe. Therefore they must not 'ng millions must inevitably be fertile soil for political and forget that the peoples of Europe watch closely their exsocial infection. Eventually a sick Europe must mean a sick ample and their life at home. July-August, 1947 15
Editorials
Keep Your Address Up-to-date G., 2026 Hammond Ave., Superior, Wisc.; Rodman, J. R., Nay, Trng. & Dist. Cen., Farragut, Idaho; Roebuck, C. V., Ca Our greatest single problem in the office is that of keep- Shelton, Norfolk, Virginia; Sanders, J. T., 71 Montgoae
ing addresses up-to-date. Many hours are spent each week Graniteville, S. C.; Shell, J. L., 123 East 9th Street, York, N. Y searching the files for current addresses. At best there Shurtleff, P. M., 511 West Broadway, Webb City, Missour; will always be changes of address that cannot be caught Soderburg, H. E., 520 East C., St., Iron Mountain, Michigan; in time before mailing. With an office force of one secre- Swann, S. C., Jr., Hanover, Pennsylvania; Taylor, W. A., 5th Ave., Huntington, W. Va.; Tollefson, G. V., Box 749, Bonne
tary it is physically impossible to attain even that high de- Ferry, Idaho; Tormey, R. T., Naval Hospital, Treasure sland, gree of perfection. Hence many magazines are returned San Francisco, Cal.; Tuxbury, V. W., USS San Saba (APA-232) unclaimed. FPO, San Francisco, Calif.; Van Arsdale, W. S., Jr., 4034 Cleve.
Members can help. (1) They can keep this office posted land Avenue, Ashtabula, Ohio; Voll, B. F., 7405 S Street,
on each change of address. (2) They can arrange with Andrews Place, Los Angeles, Calif.; Wagoner, W. D., 409 on each change or ar e r to he thn ar s for- Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut; Wendling, L. E., USS their Postmaster or Postal Officer to have their papers for- Pitt (APA-223) FPO, San Francisco, Cal. warded. (3) In event that they have taken these two essential precautions and yet have not received their papers, ARMY they can write to us. Allen, W. W., 3104 W. Main St., Parsons, Kansas; Bain, J.
We suggest the last procedure because numbers of our C., 706 Benton Ave., Springfield, Mo.; Barish, L., 2921 W. 31st papers are torn in the mails. At the present time we have St., New York, N. Y.; Brian, S. E., Nolan, Texas; Butcher, A. E., 2505 South Commercial St., Salem, Oregon; Case, L. L., R.R. 2,
nearly one hundred magazines returned with defaced or Richmond, Indiana; Clark, Archie D., 1925 7th Ave., Columbus, missing addresses. Georgia; Davis, Booker T., 81st Inf. Bse. Unit. APO 729, c/o Names and last 'known addresses of the following PM, Seattle, Wash.; Davis, Jonathan M., 2004 N. Weller, Spring. chaplains are here printed in hope that some friend will field, Mo.; Dickson, Charles W., 1904 E. Oak Street, W. Frank. bring our files up-to-date. fort, Illinois; Dickson, J. S., 75 Ferry Lane, Barrington, R. I.; Eichorn, D. M., 1227 East 5th St., Tulsa, Oklahoma; Elliott, E.
NAVY D., Hammond, Louisiana; Elliott, J. S., 820 Dexter Street, Clay Center, Kansas; Ellzey, H. J. H., 3501 Milton Street, Dallas,
Archibald, Albert G., Crawford Hotel, 185 San Marcos Ave., Texas; Everett, J. R., 314 East Second St., Washington, North St. Augustine, Fla.; Bagley, R. I., 709 Main Street,.Blytheville, Carolina; Frank, V. C., APO 942, c/o PM, Seattle, Washington; Arkansas; Bartlett, James E., U. S. Maritime Sta., Brooklyn, N. Geiger, L., 3501 AAF B U, Boca Raton AAF, Boca Raton, Fla; Y.; Beery, S. F., Box 80, Memphis, Tennessee; Bell, S. W., First Gillmor, D. T., 245 San Jose Ave., Los Gatos, California; GregMethodist Church, Franklin, Ohio; Berhenke, Carl H., 2544 N. ory, R. L., 3822 Davis Place, N.W., Washington, D. C.; Honey. 61st St., Omaha, Nebraska; Brown, S. E., 154 St. Mildred's cutt, C. J., 1306 Eng. Gp. Ser. Regt. APO 503, c/o PM, San Court, Danville, Ky.; Campbell, C. H., Navy 926, FPO, San Francisco, Cal.; Hunter, E. D., Route 4, Nampa, Idaho; Harbert, Francisco, California; Casazza, D. J., 2d Regt. 2d Mar. Div. FPO, J. T., Pnt. Fitzsimmons Gen'l. Hospital, Denver, Colorado; HartSan Francisco, Calif.; Cooper, Dale G., 666 Eleventh St., Arcata, felter, S. W., 5249 N. Central Avenue Apt. 1, Indianapolis, Ind.; California; Cothen, Grady C., 1230 Sixth Street, New Orleans, Haynes, A. C., First Methodist Church, Memphis, Tennessee; La.; Curtis, R. A., Receiving Station, San Francisco, California; Heuell, G. H., University, Alabama; Hewlett, C. W., Linneus, Danielsen, J. M., 1619 A Laura St., Jacksonville, Fla.; Davies, Mississippi; Johnson, C. E., 1208 Second Ave., Silvis, Illinois; Thomas G., U.S. Naval Amphibious Bse., Little Creek, Va.; Johnson, J. C., 1016 Coleman St., McKinney, Texas; Jungmeyer, Donohue, T. E., USS Bushnell (AS-15) FPO, San Francisco, A. F., Hildreth, Nebraska; Kapica, F. A., 15th Constab. Reg. California; Evans, B. W., 41 Main Street, Springfield, N. Y.; APO 160, c/o PM, N. Y.; Kennedy, H. S., 1816 Wood Ave., Everhart, W. L., RFD 3, Gaithersburg, Maryland; Fischer, J. N., Colorado Springs, Colo.; King, F. O., Box 507, Firebaugh, St. Joseph's Church, Ellenwood, Kansas; Ford, E. J., USNAS, Texas; Knies, H. E., 601 Arden Rd., Roanoke, Va.; Krizin, S. E., Banana River, Florida; Gittelsohn, R. B., 301 Earle Ave., Lyn- 2913 Det WRC, APO 227, c/o PM, New York, N. Y.; Lawrence, brook, L. I., New York; Homrighotise, F. M., Naval Training A. S., Jr., 1151st Eng. Grp Hqs Berlin Dist. APO 755, c/o PM, Station, Bainbridge, Md.; Huff, H. S., Box 451, Independence, N. Y.; Lee, B. D., Hqs. Engr. C.R.P. 2 APO 776, c/o PM,
Wisconsin; Johnson, J. E., Corn Phil Sea Fron Box 12, FPO, San N. Y.; Lewis, Thomas X., Hq & Hq Co, APO 848, c/o PM, Francisco, Calif.; Keeley, J. A., 233 Central Avenue, Medford, Miami, Fla.; Lounsbury, W. R., 15 Elm St., Woodsville, N. H.; Missouri; Kennedy, D. W., Nay. Trng. & Dis. Cent., Shoemaker, Lowry, Mark, Goss, Michigan; Lyon, H. L., 114 S. Broadway, Calif.; Kuykendall, W. F., Route 1, Box 187A, Albuquerque, N. Sylacauga, Alabama; McFarland, W. G., Box 4733 Duke Street, M.; LaBarre, G. P., Williamsburg, Virginia; Landes, H. P., 926 Durham, N. C.; Maben, J. K., 1429 E. Portland St., Phoenix,
Nathaniel St., Johnstown, Pennsylvania; Lewis, E. R., FMF Pac., Arizona; Maris, M. E., Hancock Rd., Williamstown, Mass.; c/o FPO, San Francisco, California; McComas, R. F., Potomac Matheney, L. F., 1st Bn. 39th Inf. Regt. APO 9, c/o PM, N. Y.; River Naval Command, Washington, D. C.; McKenna, J. T., U. Mitchell, P. L., Camp Polk, Louisiana; Moore, Mark R., 4105 S. Merchant Marine CBS, San Mateo, California; McNeill, Victor, Dallas, Texas; Moreland, W., Jr., 1st Inf. 6th Inf. Div. M. T., Naval Base, Key West, Florida; Miller, E. A., Auk- APO 6, c/o PM, S. F., Cal.; Morgan, C. M., 67th Qm. Bn. APO
land Nay. Aux. Navy 132, San Francisco, California; Miller, 315, c/o PM, S. F., Calif.; Mulherin, R. C., 9960 T. U. Halloran T. C., FPO, San Francisco, California; Miller, T. S., 4147 Sears Gen'l. Hosp., Willowbrook, N. Y.; Nash, P., 121st Evac. Hosp.,
Drive, Seattle, Washington; Morten, W. R., Jr., Hq & Hq Co Camp Polk, Louisiana; Nelson, K. A., 1675 So. Winter St., FPO, San Francisco, California; Nelson, G. A., US Nay. Spec. Salem, Oregon; Nelson, V. E. M., 3rd Repl. Bn. APO 776, c/o Hosp., Glenwood Springs, Colorado; Norwood, H. R., Navy PM, N. Y., N. Y.; Nolan, J. F., 467 AAF Base, Hamilton Field, 3062, FPO, San Francisco, California; Payne, H. M., Lansdowne, California; Null, H. G., 401st AAF B U Hamilton Field, Calif.; Maryland; C. G. Pfeiffer, USS Ranger (CV-4) FPO, New York, Odell, C. N., 175 Soto Street, Hayward, Calif.; Osborne, M. S., N. Y.; Porter, H. A., 1224 11th Avenue, Spokane 10, Washing- Jr., 901 Fourth St., Rupert, Idaho; Overstreet, C. O., Route 10, ton; Rankin, Robert P., Navy Pier, Chicago, Illinois; Riggle, A. Box 903, Houston; Texas; Parmer, Quay, McCloskey Gen'l.
16 The Army and Navy Chaplain
Hosp., Temple, Texas; Pentz, P. W., Fontana, Kansas; Phillips, dulcet tones of beer and whiskey advertising and we have j. H., American Uni., Washington, D. C.; Phillips, W. C., 213 permitted the propaganda of beverage alcohol to take high Ridgewood Avenue, W. Chattanooga 5, Tenn.; Pickhardt, R. C., pitted the ro of ba lco to t i 440 Douglas Ave., Kalamazoo 48, Mich.; Ramsey, E. E., General place in the control of national publicity. Add to our sis Delivery, Decorah, Iowa; Riley, J. K., 42nd Air Depot Grp. APO of commission the divorce-marriage ratio of one to 162, c/o PM, N. Y.; Robaczewski, A. F., 521 E. 3rd St., Erie, three; add the unforgivable betrayal of veterans in the penna.; Robertson, E. M., 535 Re Bn. 2 Rd. APO 776, c/o PM, field of housing, and its corollary-the comparative ease N. Y.; Rutledge, Aaron L., 1449 ASU Sta. Comp. Ft. Bragg, N. with which the building of pleasure palaces is impleC.; Savage, Win., 3261/2 25th Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
Scott, F. D., 334 Maple Avenue, North Hills, Penna.; Seitz, C mented; add the thousand and one guilts of a modern J., 71st Reinf. Bn. APO 776, c/o PM, N. Y.; Sessions, G. F., Babylon and again we find cause for the prophet to cry 802cd Qm. Sal Co., Camp Lee, Va.; Sheffield, L. O., 1880 SCU doom! Sta. Comp. Camp Polk, Louisiana; Sherwood, J. C., 473rd Qm. We have given lip service to our documents of freedom Grp., APO 59, c/o PM, San Francisco, Calif.; Skinner, L. C., but we have spent less on education than on drink or cosHqs 360 Sta. Hosp. APO 75, c/o PM, S. F., Calif.; Taggart, W. bumetics. We have spent lessft undon education the command on drink or cos-that C., 2800 Toledo Street, Coral Gables, Florida; Taylor, G. J., metics. We have left undone the commands of god that 1322 SCU, Ft. Geo. G. Meade, Md.; Unger, S. R., 518 Arbutis cry "do justly-have mercy, walk humbly-." St., Philadelphia, Penna.; Van Murry, W., 9984 T. U. (Pat Det) Our task is to call the nation to a knowledge of the Coral Gables, Florida; Whelpley, T. H., 208 West 23rd St., truth that there is a moral quality essential of good citizenNew York, N. Y.; Wiggins, W. Z., Box 111, Wedowee St., ship. Only as we reach beyond our finite possibilities to the Bowden, Georgia; Wilch, C. E., 5th Inf. Reg't. APO 541, c/o infi de of God can we hope to accom PM, N. Y.; Wogan, M. F., Wakeman General Hospital, Camp finite aptitude of God can we hope to accomplish this Attbrbury, Ind.; Wolcott, R. D., Hqs. Fourth Army, Ft. Sam task. Houston, Texas; Wood, G. H., 75 Union Street, Westfield, New To this end the chaplains of our armed forces have Jersey; Wright, J. B., 7th S. C. Camp Crowder, Mo.; Yinger, P. urged the disciplines of religion upon their congregations. W., The Claremont Church, Claremont, California; Zimmerman, For these chaplains know that a citizenry can remain free D). W., 99 Pomeroy Ave., Pittsfield, Mass.' Fothschpankowhtactiercnrminfe
D. W, 99 Pomeroy Ave., Pittsfield, Mass only so long as their collective character is strong. And they can be strong in character only as they are disciplined
The Moral Quality of Citizenship by moral principles.
From Sinai to Hiroshima history has proved the need To this end we implement our preaching and visitation for a moral quality of citizenship. The tablets of stone-be by the use of "citizenship" lectures; and every obtainable they symbols of Vox Dei or the no-less-divine voice of ex- modern audio-visual aid. To this end we serve-that the perience-have uttered for all time the edict of moral law citizens of our republic may grow in grace and knowledge; and order. The fission blast over Hiroshima has but mod- that the moral quality of our people shall be good. ernized the implacable truth that man does not live by
bread alone.
Thinking as we do in terms of a Judeo-Christian the- We Are Jealous of the Name! ology we yet cannot lose sight of the aspirations of other We chaplains are jealous! We are jealous of the name religions. The teachings of Zoroaster, the other-worldli- "Chaplain." We cherish it as a distinguishing mark that ness of the Gautama, the philosophy of Socrates, all point sets us apart from our fellow officers because of the unique to the same truth-that good citizenship cannot continue task we must perform. in a society wherein moral order has been denied. We want to be known as "Chaplain." The old Army and This Judeo-Christian approach has ever held the ideal currWe want Navy to berm "Padre" is loved an." The old accepted byrmy and higher than the achievement. Always the challenge is bemany. But use of rank is a misnomer.
fore us, "Thou Shalt love the Lord thy God. ., and thy' We understand that both Navy custom and Army regunleighbor as thyself.,," We understand that both Navy custom and Army reguneighbor assten to those Hebrew prophets-the eachin of Amoslations prescribe "Chaplain" as the official term of address. Listen to the Hebrew prophets the preaching of Amos, It has been brought to our attention by Navy friends the tended rness of Hosea, the thundering of Jeremiah. See that they think Army Chaplains prefer title by rank. This Jeremiah's last, wistful look at the land where his people is not generally, or officially so. We, in turn, misunderstood had an opportunity to establish God's kingdom, and lost it. Navy custom. Army and Navy alike prefer "Chaplain." Listen to these prophets and we shall hear the reiteration Yes, Gentlemen, we are a jealous profession. We are that there is a moral quality fundamental to any social jealous of the name "chaplain." progress and essential to each individual contribution to
good citizenship.
All too apparent has'been our human failure. "We have A Continuing Service done those things we ought not to have done, and we
have left undone those things we ought to have done." Our cover page shows a typical "contact," made by a We have committed our society to the Scylla of greed and Veterans Administration chaplain, with one of his flock. largesse on the one side and to the Charybdis of economic Reaching from one generation of fighting men to another revolution on the other. We have denied the moral re- -spanning the difference in age-the Chaplaincy finds Responsibilities of man to such a degree that an eminent men in common brotherhood. zoologist now claims that naught should be done in the We congratulate the Chaplaincy Service of the Veterans military pattern or the civilian picture to educate against Administration upon its fine contribution, and wish for it sex laxity because "it is the natural thing" to indulge, every success under its new director, Chaplain Alexander We have schooled our radio-eared children to the J. McKelway.
JUIY-August, 1947 17
Chaplain White Proposes Youth Project
of the American home," he told the Chaplains' group
EDITOR'S NOTE: We take the liberty of printing this ex- "After personal interviews with more than 500 Navy
cerpt from a San Diego clipping. We can give no credit prisoners, I found that 85 per cent of them could trace as the clipping is unidentified. S. D. Chaplains please their delinquency to broken homes, either their own or
help! their parents'."
Bearing a startling resemblance to President Truman,
APLAN whereby juvenile delinquents would report to he is 53 and now is on leave from his post as Dean of the II former military chaplains instead of probation of- Law School at Catholic University, Washington. A civilian ficers was proposed here yesterday by Commodore R. J. lawyer, before becoming a priest, he was District Attorney White, a naval chaplain who was a District Attorney be- of populous Middlesex County, Massachusetts. fore being ordained a Catholic priest.
"I have learned from experiences in thousands of cases
that the hero worship inherent in the young will lead them Career Planning to trust and confide in us more than in anyone," said (Continued from page 14) Father White. 3. Full use of all available facilities for the development
Highest ranking chaplain in the Naval Reserve, he is of practical experience.
President of the national Army and Navy Chaplains' As- 4. Development of evaluation methods to determine sociation, composed of chaplains on duty in the regular with all possible accuracy individual aptitudes. and reserve branches of the services, and ex-chaplains The Chaplain can help in the development of the Career who are back as ministers, rabbis and priests in their Planning Program by acquainting himself with current civilian pulpits. plans and details and with future developments so that in LOCAL PROBLEM instances of personal counseling he may lend helpful The juvenile project would be one undertaken in cities guidance to men he serves.
throughout the United States by the members of local As for the career of the chaplain himself, that is partially chapters of the Association. But Father White made it clear formed when he comes on duty. The Chaplain's profession that no criticism of existing juvenile probation systems was already initiates and shapes his career. When he is cornimplied, nor would Association members ever venture missioned a first lieutenant, he is already equipped to "to jump into public questions." serve a particular job in the service. His career status is a
"To the chaplain and former chaplain the plan presents bit different than officers in other Services. The chaplain's an opportunity to increase his service to his religion, his main job is to provide personnel of all Arms and Services, community and his country," Father White explained. and their dependents with an adequate opportunity for ex"He would volunteer his efforts only if called on or pressing and developing their religious faiths. But because after conferring with and obtaining permission of the pre- of particular and distinct characteristics of Army organizasiding Juvenile Court Judge or other constituted author- tion, there is need for a career management program in the ity." Chaplain Corps. Administrative and unique orientation
"In a similar way, members of the Chaplains' Association functions must be performed by a chaplain in the course stand by to assist if needed by hospitals and veterans' of a full Army career. The experience for these duties may organizations in their home areas." be gained right on the job. The War Department also seeks to make available to chaplains the most recent findSPEAKS To S. D. GROUP ings of research and study by providing attendance at
The Commodore spoke to 30 San Diego chaplains and Army and civilian schools. In the selection of chaplains for former chaplains, representing the three service branches matriculation in civilian colleges, the choice will be made yesterday, at the Marine Base Officers' Club. The meeting not so much to give the chaplain an opportunity to add a was called to form a San Diego chapter of the Chaplains' degree but rather to give him training and knowledge, Association and was arranged by the 11th Naval District which will enhance the performance of his duties as an Chaplain's Office, with Lt. Comdr. W. L. Wolf, USN of Army Chaplain during his whole career. The aim of every the District Office, and Comdr. Walter A. Mahler, individual is to enrich his capacity for service with advancSenior Chaplain at the Marine Base, as co-chairmen.- ing years and experience. It may sound selfish of the Army; Father White is on leave from Washington, D. C., while for what it is doing amounts to saying, "We are concerned receiving treatment at the Naval Hospital here for an ill- with what benefit extra education is going to accomplish ness contracted in Africa. Decorated in both World Wars, for the Army as a whole during the next ten or twenty he recently completed an exhaustive survey of Navy disci- years." But the individual who can enjoy such an investplinary cases at the request of Secy. of the Navy James ment being placed in him will have the personal satisfacl Forrestal. tion of enlarging his usefulness as well as his personal K capacity. As the Career Management Plan is implemente BROKEN HOMES "WORST. EVIL" for the Chaplain Corps itself, each chaplain will benefit in
"The greatest evil in the country today is the breakdown prestige and recognition for the advancement of the Corps. 18 The Army and Navy Chaplain
341 CHAPELS AWARDED
By CHAPLAIN KARL L. DARKEY
THREE HUNDRED AND THIRTEEN surplus Army American Reformed ...................... 2
SChapels have been awarded to American churches by Christian & Missionary Alliance .............. 2
the War Department Chapel Disposal Board. Twenty Christian Science .......................... 2
have been awarded to government units, schools and colleges and for memorials. All have been awarded for use as Congregational-Christian ..................2
Houses of Worship. Four Square Gospel ....................... 2
The present and former Chiefs of Chaplains, Army Salvation Army ........................... 2
and Navy, were called to a Conference at the White Seventh Day Adventist ...................... 2
House in regard to chapel disposal. It was decided that Wesleyan Methodist ....................... 2
chapels would not be disposed of in the same manner as Bible Presbyterian ......................... 1
other surplus property. The Offices of the Chiefs of Chap- Church of God ............................ 1
lains, Army and Navy, were to receive all chapel applications from disposal agencies and make award of same. Community Church ........................ 1
Their decision was to be followed by the disposal agency Evangelical Free .......................... 1
in the sale of chapels. Evangelical Reformed ..................... 1
Due to the Army having a larger number of chapels Evangelical United Brethren ................ 1
than the Navy a Chapel Disposal Board was appointed Federated ................................ 1
by the Chief of Chaplains, War Department. The first Gospel Mission chapel was awarded 26 July 1946. This report is compiled..........................
as of July 31, 1947. Needs of the individual church and Non Sectarian ............................ 1
denomination arp weighed by the Disposal Board in mak- Pentecostal ............................... 1
ing award of the chapels. During this period the Navy Unitarian ................................ 1
awarded 8 chapels to various denominations. United Church .......... ................. 1
Chaplains of the following churches have been members of the Army Chapel Disposal Board: Baptist, Chris- States, Cities and Counties: tian, Evangelical and Reformed, Lutheran, Methodist, *Bartow, Florida .......................... 1
Protestant Episcopal, and Roman Catholic. A Jewish Chap- California ............................... 2
lain has served ex-officio in the disposal of chapels to those Delaware ............... .............. . 1
needing synagogue buildings. Louisiana .............................. 1
The following is the breakdown of disposals: Virginia ................................. 1
Churches Numer *Walterboro-Colleton County ................ 1
Churches Number
Airport Commission,
Roman Catholic ...................... 65 Walterboro, N. C.
Hebrew ............................. 5 .*Will be restricted to use for Memorial services and
Protestant ........................... 243 religious.worship.
Baptist ............................... 65 Schools and Colleges:
The Methodist Church ..................... 41 Alabama, University of .................... 1
Presbyterians ............................. 29 Bryan, W m. J., University .................. 1
Lutheran ..................... .......... 26 Chipola Junior College .................... 1
S(Mo. Synod 9) Hill Military Academy ..................... 1
(National Council 17) OklahomaA & M ........................ 1
Church of Christ .......................... 11 Opportunity School, Columbia, S. C........... 1
Protestant Episcopal ....................... 10 Perkinston Junior College ................... 1
Colored Churches .......................... 8 Shaw University (Colored Baptist) ........... 1
(Baptist 6) Washington & Jefferson College ............ 1
(Methodist 2)
Interdenominational ........ .............. 6 W hitworth College ........................ 1
Nazarene ................................. 6 Memorials:
Assembly of God ....................... 5 Boys Ranch ............................. 1
Christian (Disciples) ...................... 4 Negro Memorial ......................... 1
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints .... 4 Veterans Of Foreign Wars .................. 1
July-August, 1947 19
Assignment With IMT their last meal. Few of them ate. Since Goering had taken
(Continued from page 5) his life, the march to the gallows started with Mr. Ribben. moments with ,ach man, listening as he unburdened trop. Before leaving his cell, I spent a few minutes with his heart because he felt he was soon to go into eternity, him in prayer and meditation and heard him say that That evening at 8:30 P.M. I had a long session with he put all his trust in the Blood of the Lamb that taketh Goering. I tried to keep him on the subject of eternal away the sins of the world. While yet in his cell, he asked values and how a man can be prepared to die, to meet his that God have mercy on his soul. Then, the signal was God. In the course of our conversation, I found him given to start down the corridor toward the execution making sport of the Bible story of the creation of man. chamber. He walked between two guards and the chap. He ridiculed the idea of the Divine Inspiration of the lains walked just ahead of him behind the Commanding Scriptures and refused to accept the great Gospel funda- Officer. We passed through the door, through the court. mental doctrine that Jesus died for every sinner. There was yard, and walked into the execution chamber with the pris. an outright denial of the power of the Cross and the mean- oner. His hands were tied. He was promptly marched to ing of that Holy Innocent Blood that was shed upon the the first gallows where he paused a moment at the foot of Cross for the salvation of saved sinners. He said he the 13 steps. Upon request of the officer in charge, he gave thought that when one is dead that is the end of every- his name and was marched to the top of the gallows where thing. He put one question that evening which surprised he stood on the trap door facing cold spectators who had me a great deal. "Chaplain," he said, "how do you cele- assembled as witnesses to the executions. A guard tied his brate the Lord's Supper ?" Inasmuch as he had claimed to legs, while an officer asked whether he had a last word to be in membership with the church at all times, I took the say, after which he turned to me for the final prayer. The liberty to remind him that as a so-called member of the moment the Amen was pronounced, the big black hood church, he should be somewhat acquainted with its custom was pulled over his face, the large knot of 13 coils adand practice. After reviewing the doctrine of the Lord's justed behind his head, and he dropped through the trap. Supper and stating that only fully surrendered penitent The chaplains returned to the prison corridor where we Christians should partake of the Lord's Supper he made waited for the signal to come with the second man. This this statement, "I have never been refused the Lord's Sup- was Keitel, Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht. In his cell per by a German Pastor." Whereupon I answered, "I can there was a brief devotion and prayers before we started not, with a clear conscience, give you the Lord's Supper the final march. As we came into the execution chamber, because you deny the very Christ who instituted that Sacra- Keitel's eyes took one swift glance at the first gallows. ment. You may be on the Church roll, but you do not That look told me that he knew his friend Ribbentrop was have faith in Christ and have not accepted Him as your hanging there. We ascended the steps of the second galSaviour, therefore you are not a Christian and as a Chris- lows, Keitel had a final word, followed by my closing tian Pastor I can not commune you." Then I asked him to prayer. He responded with the statement, "I thank you remember what his little daughter had said about wanting with all my heart." The Catholic chaplain accompanied to meet him in Heaven, but he only answered, "She be- the next man to the gallows while I stayed nearby, just lieves in your Saviour, but I'll take my chances." At that inside the door. Both chaplains made ten trips, walking moment, I felt that Goering would request the visit of a the last mile with each man. When the signal was given German Pastor. But he said nothing more, and I left him to bring in Mr. Sauckel, I found my heart missing a few for the last time. At 10:30 or thereabouts, a guard ap- beats. This man had been somewhat nervous during the peared at the guard office and with an excited voice de- previous day and especially the evening before, and it was cleared that Goering was having a spell. He was on his back apparent he found it rather difficult to compose himself. with his right hand lying on the floor. I spoke with him, While standing on the trap door, he said something conand although his heart seemed to be beating, he gave no cerning his 11 children and their mother. This gave my answer. A little empty cartridge was lying on his chest. heart a severe jolt, and for a moment or two I felt that I That is the way he went! If I blundered in my approach could not go on. I managed to have the final prayer, after to reach this man's heart and soul with the meaning of the which he quickly went into eternity. While in Mr. Frick's Cross of Jesus, then I'm very sorry and I hope a Christian cell conducting a brief devotion, and showing signs of exworld will forgive me. haustion, Frick assured me that he had found his Saviour From that moment on, excitement reigned throughout while attending our simple Services. He said he believed the prison. It became my duty, at the request of my Com- that the Blood of Jesus had washed away his sins. Mr. manding Officer, to tell the other convicted men what had Frick did not partake of the Lord's Supper. While on the happened and that they would be closely guarded for that trap door, he had little to say, and we closed his life with a reason. Most of them thought it was pretty small of Mr. short prayer for his soul. The last one of my group was Mr. Goering to get out of the situation in this manner. For Rosenberg, who had consistently refused all Spiritual over a year he had bragged about how brave le would be helpfulness. He had no final word to say and when I asked until the end. Now, several of them felt that he had missed him for permission to have a final prayer, he smiled and the chance to become a legend to the German people. said, "No thank you." He lived without a Saviour, and that is the way he died! I should like to mention Mr
Death: Streicher at this time. He refused, at first, to give his name, At midnight the indictment and the sentenceiwereagain and as he walked up the 13 steps, he made a "Heil Hitler." read to the convicted men in death row They were offered (Continued on page 25) 29 The Army and Navy Chaplait
"Bible Printed By A Horse"
By WILLIAM L. STIDGER*
0 NE of those quiet, reverent, and unforgettable "giant this chapel and received from Boston University the imShours in the life of Boston University School of primatur of the degree, Bachelor of Sacred Theology, gave Theology happened recently; and it was so newsworthy their lives while serving in the chaplaincy during World that even the Boston newspapers gave it a two-column War II. If there are any others of whom we have not been heading and the story with the above title, which appeared informed, it is'Mrs. Kimball's desire and our intent to in The Boston Globe. honor them also in this service. My small part is merely to introduce what I looked upon Raymond L. Hall graduated from this school in 1932. as one of the most dramatic scenes that has ever hap- Early in the recent war he left the pastorate to minister to pened in our beautiful and memory-filled chapel; the the young men who had been called to battle. It was not presentation and acceptance by Presidenit Daniel Marsh his lot to serve overseas nor to win world acclaim for some and Dean Walter Muelder of the Clyde E. Kimball col- deed of conspicuous valor. Like the unknown soldier of lection of Bibles in memory of three of our own chaplains Arlington and many a Christian martyr he died in humble who gave their lives in the recent war. station. He had no opportunity to write some new saga of Present at that memorial presentation were Mrs. Kim- heroic service for all the world to read. But God, who ball and her two stalwart sons who stood on the platform knows the intent of every heart, must honor him no less for as this fine collection of Bibles was given to the school. that. He obeyed the call he heard and was ready for any Lining the altars of the chapel were the Bibles themselves post to which he might be assigned. We are proud to honor laid out in rows, open for inspection. Present were the him. authorities on books from the great libraries of Boston, Occasionally, on the bleakest hillside there grows a other theological schools and the families of those who single blossom so beautiful that even alone it is a garden. were being memorialized; a crowded chapel. Dr. Robert Occasionally, in the abyss of desolation which is war, some Pfeiffer, Boston University and Harvard's great authority great deed of mercy catches the radiance of God's love on Biblical Literature and editor of The Journal of Biblical and reflects it 'so purely that the darkened world is brightStudies, told the audience the histories of each of the ened by its glory. In his last hour on earth, our second treasures in the important collection, which contains many chaplain to lay down his life was transfigured by his parrare and valuable editions, including the famous "Britches ticipation in such a deed. Bible," and the "Bible Printed by a Horse" in New Eng- George L. Fox left these halls in 1934. He was already land; Bibles dating as far back as 1497; a collection which a veteran of one war. For at the age of seventeen he had had been made as a hobby by Chaplain Kimball before he enlisted in the Army Medical Corps for a work of healing went into the chaplaincy and during his European service; ministry in World War I. He served so valiantly that he many of the Bibles having been presented to him by grate- was four times honored for courageous service. The Croix ful people in the war zones where he had served so un- de Guerre and the Silver Star were his. When. war came selfishly. again he knew all too well what it meant. As he saw the However to me, the most important, fascinating, and young boys from his parish in Vermont going off to battle, stirring news story of that great chapel service was the he wanted again to take them healing and comfort, this actual story of the three chaplains, graduates of our school, time in the role of chaplain. who gave their lives for 'thers in this war; and that story On a cold winter day, early in 1943, he was on a little was told by Dr. L. Harold DeWolf in beautiful, simple merchant vessel, the Dorchester, on the way to Greenland. and impressive words. I have asked him for permission to The little ship was convoyed by destroyers, but was still an un that piece just as he spoke it that morning for I know all-too-attractive target, for it was crowded with troops. that the readers of this paper will be grateful for having When a torpedo plunged through a raging sea to blast a it in permanent form: great hole in the Dorchester's side, all the men on board
,OUR IMMORTAL CHAPLAINS knew that many of them were doomed. A wild scene folThere is no hell so low as to be unreached by the mercy lowed in which neither military discipline nor all the of G ere is no hell so low as to be unreached by the mercy carefully practiced drill was sufficient to quell the tempest of God. Even in the hate and horror of war His redemp- of stark fear. But some men on board had other resources tie mercy continues to work in the hearts and minds of on which to draw. Four men of God refused to take their men. His call to works of love and healing was answered turns in entering the lifeboats. Instead they stood by, helpin widely different ways by different men and women dur- ing frightened, fumbling boys put on their life preservers, Ing the recent awful holocaust. Nowhere was that call in mo te.recent awful holocaust. Nowhere was that call calming fears with light talk and strengthening them with honre heroically obeyed than bythe men whom we would solemn words of faith in God. Seldom have four clergyThree wh'"hese alls, w hmen united by a single creed worked in such perfect reemen w tudd in thee has, worshipped in brotherhood ,of heroic faith as did those four-a Roman
*Printed by Permission of Zion's Herald. priest, a Jewish rabbi, and two Protestant ministers. Jhly-August, 1947 21
Finally all life preservers which could be reached were Belgian villages for whom he arranged a St. Nicholas gone. But still some men remained without them. The party on December 6th." ship was sinking fast. The lifeboats had all pulled away. But most of his work was not so pleasant. Colonel Rein. The air was calm, but the water was bitter cold and the hardt writes, waves ran high from a recent storm. To plunge into that "The mission -of this organization often placed small sea without a life belt was to face sure death. Quickly, detachments of soldiers on isolated, difficult, sometimes moved by one common faith and love, these men of God dangerous duties. It was your husband's invariable rule to took off their own life belts and each fastened his on an reach these men frequently, carrying them small but very enlisted man. Then the four linked arms. Some of the last important little personal comforts as well as his message. men to go overboard to safety still tell of the four chap- This he did repeatedly without regard to the hardships lains standing together, with bowed heads, praying aloud, and frequent dangers he incurred in so doing .... in Hebrew, Latin and English, before making their last "During a recent engagement with the enemy, your futile effort to save themselves. "Greater love has no man husband was at the command post of the unit most heavily than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends." engaged, a post he had voluntarily selected for himself,
Clyde Edward Kimball held two degrees from Boston when reports were received of an outpost position having University, graduating both from the School of Religious wounded men unable to reach medical care. Immediately Education and also from the School of Theology. From your husband set out with an officer of the company to 1931 to 1933, when he graduated from this school, he was rescue the wounded and evacuate them to a safe place. It one of my own most intimate friends, was in performance of this courageous, humanitarian act
Clyde Kimball hated war with every fibre of his being. that Chaplain Kimball was fatally wounded."
He hated its brutality, he despised its senselessness, he con- No more fitting close to these remarks could be given demned the tyranny of military organization. He loved his than some words which Clyde himself wrote exactly twenty wife and his two fine boys with rare tenderness. His min- years before his death. Graduating from high school at istry was effective and satisfying. Bishop Hartman, who the age of sixteen, he experienced a call to the Christian deeply regrets his absence from Boston today, en route to ministry. He answered with a bold parody on the lines of a meeting with the Council of Bishops in California, the poem, "I have a Rendezvous with Death." These are writes, "Clyde Kimball was one of the most promising young Clyde's words, a fitting epitaph for him and a fitting of the younger ministers in this area." He had everything statement of vocation for any young man starting prepa. to live for and every possible tie to hold him at home. But ration for the ministry: the young men who were always favorite objects of his I have a rendezvous with Life pastoral care were going out into unknown perils and A e nd os t we At some bhnd-cross roads, where
temptation. He believed God called him to go with them. s eid o ro wer I shall decide to bear or not to bear
He went. A heavy load through Life's long run,
He served sixteen long months in Iceland, much of the A heaving my lofight a gainless strh Life's long run, time within the Arctic Circle. His labors were indefatig- Making my fightfe a rut till all be done.
. And Life a rut till all be done. able. His diary shows that hardly a day passed without at least one church service. Many a day, Sunday or weekday, Fate, men call this cross roads, he preached five times or more. In addition, he was per- Fate, with success or weary loads, petually busy visiting the sick, writing letters, giving coun- Fate, who gives unceasing strife sel for the anxious and the tempted, and doing all the Or restful ease, and says to me,other things a chaplain could do to cure sin and ease the "Thou hast a rendezvous with Life, homesick, troubled hearts of other men while his own Go, meet it, not with craven plea heart was nearly breaking with yearning for his homeland For lazy, selfish, useless ease,and loved ones. Instead, a wish to serve and thy Creator
Just before Christmas, 1943, after a severe attack of please."
diphtheria, he was transferred to England, to prepare for God knows 'twere better just to rest the invasion of France. On June 27, 1944, three weeks no re bes tr after D-day, he went into Normandy, with the 1128th Unworried in my easy chair Engineers Combat Group. The rest of the story I will tell Without that grim and fateful test in the words of Colonel George C. Reinhardt, his com- Without that killing, toiling strifemanding officer. Writing to Mrs. Kimball in the midst of Perhaps to ruin methe Battle of the Bulge, soon after Clyde's death, Colonel But I've a rendezvous with Life Reinhardt said, Which can mean all if I but dare, Reinhardt said, I om l gdwr mtu
"In addition to all his military duties,' your husband If I to my pledged word am true yet found time and energy to devote to the comfort of I shall not fail Life's rendezvous. liberated communities. His cherished collection of old In view of his early death, would not Clyde KiMba Bibles from foreign countries will seem more important better have left the poem as it was originally? Did he not to you, I'm sure, when you know it was mainly composed have a rendezvous with death? He did, indeed. But he was of gifts from grateful- beneficiaries of his kindness. In right. He was called to Life. It was that call he answered this connection I hope to send you, at a later date, the He lived richly, and by the grace of God he lives 0n for original letters received from children of two war-torn ever. 22 / The Army and Navy Chapain
/~
"THE GREATEST STORY EVER TOLD"
RADIO'S GREATEST ACHIEVEMENT
Dramatic Presentation of the Teachings of Christ Shows a New and Remarkably Successful Way to Public Service
THERE MAY be a great many things wrong with radio, of the program could and would be consistantly mainSdepending on what critic you read, or what programs tained. you like or dislike. But there's one thing with radio that's One other point came up here. The program was of a right-very right. That is "The Greatest Story Ever Told," nature that would hardly lend itself to any commercial a coast-to-coast dramatic presentation based on the teach- product-promotion. To follow the voice of Christ with a ings of Christ; a radio program that, early in 1947, boldly plug on Goodyear tires would spoil the entire effect of the came on the air with tradition-breaking innovations which program. It was decided, therefore, that no commercial no one dared try before, and which have proved to be ex- would be used on the program. Goodyear felt that this actly what a large segment of the radio audience wanted, would be definitely a public service offering, without any and what this world of ours needed. commercial attached to it. "The Greatest Story Ever Told" first went on the air This reasoning followed the belief of Mr. P. W. Litchon the ABC network on Sunday, January 26, with nothing field, chairman of the board of Goodyear: more than simple announcements that here was a program "It seemed to us that many people felt the lessons taught which dramatized the teachings of Christ; a religious pro- by the Prince of Peace should become more a part of our gram, presented with all the reverence and piety that the thinking and action than has been the case in recent years. best talent could offer, yet given with dramatic impact that We consider it the duty of all large business corporations, would make good radio listening, not only to their stockholders, employees and customers, This, of course, was not the first time a religious program but for the good of the general public, both nationally and was offered on the air. Others had been on before, though internationally, to render any service we could along perhaps not on such an extensive network, and not pro- these lines and that it would be a justifiable expenditure. duced with such a large cast of actors, a large orchestra, "One Person two thousand years ago, confined by transand a choir. Furthermore, never before had any program portation to a radius of eighty miles, during his short lifeused the voice of Christ on the air. Nor had any other time, traveling on foot or on the back of a domestic animal, regularly sponsored program ever gone on the air without reaching only those within the sound of His voice, left any commercials whatever. Only the sponsor identification such an impression on the hearts of mankind throughout of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, required by the world and over many centuries, that we thought it Federal Communications Commission rules, was used. would be a worthwhile contribution to society if this same But behind this opening program was a great deal of lesson could be brought, through the power of modern effort, a great deal of thinking, and a great many fervent radio, to a world-wide audience who today are so much prayers that such a greatly needed program would get in need of it." the reception it deserved. The production of the program presents its own probFive months before that opening night, executives and lems. Because of the intimate nature of the performance, directors of the Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company were there is no studio audience. All the actors are leading radio asked to listen to a recording of a new program as part of performers, selected each week to play the particular charthe presentation made to them by their advertising agency. acters needed in that week's story. In order to avoid any When the half-hour recording was played to them, hardly commercialism from this standpoint, no pictures are taken, anyone stirred for that full time. No one even so much as no connection between actors and the parts they play is lit a cigarette. When the recording was completed, the permitted. The actors take their parts very seriously, and opinion was almost unanimous that this was a program the greatest problem, according to Director Marx Loeb, is worthy of Goodyear's sponsorship. not to have them play their roles reverently enough, but One question came up, however. The first program, to have them play them naturally enough, to act the part based on the parable of the Good Samaritan, was excel- as actors, rather than as Biblical characters, and thus overlent. Could other programs of equal merit be produced? doing it. Fulton Oursler, senior editor of the Readers' Digest, and The orchestral and choral music, likewise, is, in its one of the country's leading religious authorities, who was fashion, "anonymous." Musical director William Stoess responsible for the original program, was sure that this prepares music which is religious in nature, but yet not iigh standard could be kept up. He went to work, together the recognized music of any particular religious group. with the Kudner Agency representatives, and prepared and Occasionally there are exceptions, as in the case of outrecorded a second program. This was presented to Good- standing hymns which have come to be accepted as repreyear executives, and convinced them that the high quality sentative music by all faiths.
*Printed by permission of American Broadcasting Company. (Continued on page 26) J -August, 1947 23
PENTAGON CHAPEL
By WILLARD S. KRIEGH
"Going to Chapel?" The only chapel in the mammoth
Pentagon building is in the Office of the Chief of Chap.
plains in "E" ring. Roman Catholic Mass is said each week.
day in the Signal Corps auditorium.
Church call is usually announced by playing a recording
of the official chaplains' march, Soldiers of God," or by
the soft strains of an old familiar hymn played on the
chapel's field organ. Yet it is not at all unusual to heat
some jovial chaplain announce in clear, lusty tones, "Let's
go, gang-prayer meetin' time!"
Visiting chaplains, affectionately referred to as "visiting
firemen," are warmly greeted and promptly pressed into
Oxnam Receies Na y Award service to "pinch hit" for some chaplain scheduled to X OM It Cl S I AL Tf conduct services, but who is "unavoidably" absent, or who
T HE United States Navy on April 2 presented to Bishop feels disinclined to serve when the visiting clergyman
G. Bromley Oxnam a Certificate of Appreciation for seems so "eager" to accept the proffered invitation.
meritorious personal services during the war, as President Let us enter the chapel now and partake of its simple of the Federal Council of Churches and also as a member beauty. The front row of seats (there are three rows of ten of the Secretary of the Navy's Civilian Advisory organiza- chairs each) is unofficially reserved for distinguished tion. The presentation was made by Rear Admiral Monroe guests and the highly respected and venerable chaplains. Kelly, USN, Commandant of the Third Naval District, at It is commonly known as "bishops" row. Notice the soft
Kelly USNrestful shade of heavy green broadloom carpet covering a luncheon given by the Federal Council. In the photo- restful shade of heavy green broadloom carpet covering graph, left to right, are: Rear Admiral W. N. Thomas, the floor-the glowing candles, erect and imposing in USN, Chief of Chaplains; Bishop Oxnam; Rear Admiral shining brass candelabra-the cross, missal stand and Kelly, and Commander Joshua L. Goldberg, USN, then flower-filled vases of highly polished brass-the altar Acting District Chaplain of New York. covering of heavy maroon-colored velvet inscribed with the
"Your visitations to our chaplains and personnel in the traditional, "Holy, Holy, Holy" in gold lettering. Observe Mediterranean and North African Theaters as the repre- the dossal curtains of like coloring and texture forming a sentative of the Federal Council and Service Men's Chris- background for the white oak plyboard altar complete with tian League, brought cheer, renewed faith and courage cupboard for Communion articles and side boards. Dito all who were privileged to be reached by your rich and rectly in front of the altar is the lectern and pulpit. The inspiring personality," Rear Admiral Kelly said, in pre- American flag-symbol of freedom and unity-stands in senting the Certificate. honorary position to the speaker's right-the Chaplain's
In his brief speech accepting the award Bishop Oxnam flag of blue and white silk, to his left. The indirect lightexpressed his belief that "the chaplain who saw the values of a united service may lead the churches to the possession ing blends well with the churchly surroundings, lending of a oneness for which the Master prayed. beauty to the placid, restful atmosphere. One immediately of a oneness for which the Master prayed.
"Men of many Christian denominations, conserving the senses the spirit of worship upon entering the chapel. The values of their own religious families, at the same time red morocco-covered hymnals neatly piled upon the table moved to religious experience that became richer in the are the same as those used in Army Chapels. The olive drab true unity of the Christian faith. field organ, inconspicuously placed to the right of the altar,
"It is our mission now to unite the religious forces of the contains only four octaves, but is capable of producing world to establish upon the earth the life of the spirit, music of sufficient volume and tonal quality to accompany Strangely enough the factors that divide us were unknown the congregation. to Jesus. Was He concerned with theories of polity? Did Services are brief and informal consisting of a hymn, He ever discuss orders? Are there long dissertations in His. Scripture reading, prayers (during which God's blessings teachings concerning bishops, elders,- deacons? What did are invoked for the preservation and prosperity of the He say about church architecture, vestments, liturgies? He Chaplain Corps), sermonette and benediction. Reverence prayed that we might all be one. He insisted that we were to love God and brother." and sincerity symbolize the brief services.
What began as a mere experiment a number of years
*Reprinted from Federal Council Bulletin, May 1947. ago in the Chaplain's Office has developed into a daily custom. All Pentagonians desiring to pause and commune
Chapter Secretaries, Send in news items! with their Lord-all those. who thirst and hunger after Chapter Secretaries, Keep us up-to-date on all righteousness-the disconsolate and languished-aremade
information! welcome.
welcome.24 The Army and Navy Chap
24. The Army and Navy Chap1"
Deputy Chief Of Chaplains
Honored By Pope yTHE SHIPYARD
By CHAPLAIN JOHN F. MERRILL, USNR.
It was a tall, gaunt building. The gray coldness of the stone, the pulled blinds, and the fence offered no sign of welcome. "Could this be the home for which I am looking?" I asked myself. My eyes continued to wander in appraisal. I discovered two facts. This was a typical metropolitan boardinghouse. It was the house I was looking for. The street number on the doorsill proved that. And the third floor windows, with their colored drapes and garden boxes, told me that behind them lived the people on whom I was calling. I rang the bell.
As I climbed the stairs, I remembered what I knew of the man who had left this home. He was a staunch churchman. He was a force in one of the young people's groups at church. He would be a Deacon when he returned from the Army. For three years he had served with General "Ike." He had written out the order for and then kept the secret of D-day. He held a responsible position. It had been my fortune to read two of his letters. His attitude toward the Army was more than commendable.
I reached the third floor landing, and stopped short. Before me, hanging on the wall, was a sign, "The Shipyard." Being a man with Navy inclinations, such a sign in an Army home intrigued me. The soldier's father stood in Chaplain (Colonel) Patrick J. Ryan, Deputy Chief of the doorway. As he greeted me, he observed my curihas been elevated to the rank of Domestic osity. We entered his home. I met a sweet old lady. We Chaplains, has been elevated to the rank of Domestic sat down and talked. Prelate, with the title of Right Reverend Monsignor, by There had been the son and two friends living there. Pope Pius XII. Now there were three stars in the window, pictures about Monsignor Ryan was notified by his Ordinary, Arch- the room, and the feeling of cherished memories. The son bishop John G. Murray, Archbishop of St. Paul, of his new was in the Army. One friend was in the Navy. The honor. other friend was in the Merchant Marine. Two to oneperhaps this was why the home was called "The ShipMonsignor Ryan was born in Manannah, Minnesota, yard." But, no. December 3, 1902, and is a graduate of St. Thomas Col- The old man spoke. "Our home is called The Shipyard. lege and St. Paul Seminary, St. Paul, Minnesota. He was But we are careful as to what kind of ship enters. In this ordained to the priesthood in 1927, was appointed to the day a man must be continually preparing for the world Church of St. Helena, Minneapolis, and served his first of tomorrow. For the security of our lives we rely upon assignment there. He was appointed to the Regular Army the ships that come into our yard." in April 1928. Chaplain Ryan has also held the posts of "We have three auxiliaries. 'Fellowship' is the first. On April Chaplain Ryan it we can travel to meet our fellow-Christians throughout Division Chaplain of the 3rd Infantry Division; Army the world bringing them our prayers, our tithing, and our Chaplain of the Fifth Army throughout the Italian Cam- material support. paign; Planning and Training Officer of the Office of the 'Friendship' is the second. On it we cruise as the Good Chief of Chaplains. Samaritan journeyed his road. We offer to strangers a For his military accomplishments the Deputy Chief of smile and a word of good cheer, a place to refresh, and Chaplains has been awarded the Legion of Merit, the enough to help them on their way.
SSt "Our third is 'Companionship.' Once there were three Bronze Star, and the Army Commendation Ribbon. Allied young men, two young women, and ourselves living here. nations have honored his service. He wears the Medal of Now there are two of us. Yet we all remain together in War (Brazil), the Order of Crown (Italy), the Bronze spirit and by letter. The love and the understanding in Medal of Valor with Star (Italy) and the Order of the this home are strong enough to withstand and to wait. British Empire. "Any group of ships must have a flagship. We have ours. Its name is 'Worship.' We worship God, our Heavenly Father, Jesus Christ, our Saviour, and the Holy Assignment With IMT Spirit, our Comforter-our Captain, our Executive Officer,
(Continued from page 20) and the Chaplain."
Although he the Catholic chaplain to accor- "But know this, young man. In our Shipyard there is no although he permitted the Catholic chaplain to accom- room for one ship to anchor-a warship. There is no war pany him to the trap door, yet he refused to accept any here, only peace." of his Spiritual Ministry. He went through the trap calling After a time I left. While descending the stairs, I rehis wife's name. membered the words of our Lord, "I have not found so It was now a little after 3 in the morning. The chap- great faith, no, not in all Israel." lains went into separate 'cells for personal prayers and "Lord, it was good for my soul to have been there." private devotions. Then we waited for several hours before returning to the execution chamber for prayer. Jly-August, 1947 25
The Greatest Story world, in giving the program a special award, called it (Continued from page 23) "an unselfish endeavor toward utilizing radio in the public interest, a gesture that well-nigh stands alone."
Since the subject is one that might very easily offend The program was selected as one of the ten best for Navarious groups-of people, an advisory board composed of tional Family Week, and in giving it this honor, the com. three clergymen representing various faiths approves each mittee pointed out that it was the youngest of the programs script. Such care in selection and treatment of programs has so selected. One of Goodyear's competitors in the rubber resulted in high commendation from all religious groups, business, the General Tire and Rubber Company, took even in cases where highly controversial subjects were full page ads in many of the country's leading Sunday treated. Mr. Oursler continues to select the themes and newspapers, urging the people to listen to "The Greatest supervise the preparation of the program. Story Ever Told," even though it was sponsored by a com.
Before the first presentation of the program on the air, peting firm. Other companies have since reprinted this an-private hearings were held all over the country before re- nouncement, urging people to listen to this program. ligious, civic, and educational groups. Comments invari- Religious, civic and educational organizations have been ably were enthusiastic, with many suggestions that aided in wholehearted in their support. Publications reaching these improving the program. A "closed circuit" broadcast, to groups have been enthusiastic in their support of the pro. which additional community leaders were invited by the gram. Priests and ministers have urged their congregations, two hundred stations in the network, was also held before from the pulpit, to listen. Other organizations have mailed the first program was aired. cards and letters to all their members urging them to tune
The response to the program was amazing. It was ex- in. Some of these mailings were as high as 300,000 letters. pected that many people would enjoy it. Everything in The program has been shortwaved to all parts of the the preparation and production of the program was aimed world by the State Department, and has also been transto make the program not only inspirational, but also enter- lated into Spanish for Latin American broadcast. taining, still keeping within the limits of the respect and reverence due the subject. But criticism was expected. For f f f example, the matter of using the voice of Christ on the air To The Editor was a point that was discussed for a long while before it Sir: was decided to use it. While the matter is of no great import, in order to keep
Surprisingly, no such criticism was forthcoming. Almost the record straight, I submit that you misused the word unanimously, everybody who heard the program marked it "substitute" in your editorial on the pronunciation of as one of the greatest things in radio. "trespass" in the "Our Father," or the Lord's Prayer. Your
Typical comments from the clergy, for example, are by concluding sentence reads: "Of course, should we want to Monsignor Nelson, representing Bishop J. Francis Mc- avoid the whole debate we could indeed adopt the PresbyIntyre, Auxiliary Bishop of New York. He said, "It is terian-Disciple form (and the Matthian) by substituting really like a great crusade. This may be the one thing to 'debts' and 'debtors.'" avert the collapse of civilization and avert the return to Since, as I take it, the original form of the prayer is to the jungle. It may save us from the forces that we have let be found in the sixth chapter of Matthew, and since in loose, and if the Divine personality of Christ and His every translation with which I, at least, am familiar, the teachings are preserved and presented as they are in the word "debt" appears in the body of the prayer and not scriptures through this wonderful dramatic method, you "trespasses," it would seem that the substitution is not on have the opportunity to perform a great service." the part of the Presbyterians and Disciples. I do not know
Dr. Daniel MacGregor, head of the department of the case for the use of the word "trespasses," but there Christian Education of the Episcopal Church of America seems to be no question as to the fact that "debts" was said, "I have been amazed and delighted at the resource- the word originally used in Scripture. The Westcott-Hort fulness, the balance and the reverence displayed. The Greek text gives the word as "opheilemata," and Tisthing is not only done well technically, but it is also done chendorf lists no alternative reading in any of the ancient well religiously." manuscripts. That word means, simply, "what is owed, a
Dr. Harry Emerson Fosdick said, "This program may debt; sin, offence." It is based on the word "opheil," help save the world from chaos. It can do what preachers which means "to owe." cannot do-it can take the message of the brotherhood In verse 14 of the sixth chapter of Matthew, after the of man and the Fatherhood of God beyond the pulpit, and conclusion of the prayer proper appears the word "'parap outside the churches into the hearts of the people." tomata," which is correctly translated "trespasses." Here Dr. Johnson, of the Inter-Council Committee on the Master is explaining the Prayer which he has urged his Christian Family Life, said, "I think the idea and the disciples to pray, saying, "For if ye forgive men their programs I have heard are both superb. They can make trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you a very important contribution to real religious faith and For the record, Sir, and on the basis of the evidence subliving." mitted above, the Presbyterian-Disciple form is not a sub Even more- praise came from the professional enter- stitution.
tainment world. The New York Times radio critic called Very truly yours, it "one of the most significant ethereal achievements in re- HERBERT BOOTH SMITH, JR., Pastor cent years." "'Variety," the "bible" of the entertainment Ex-chaplain, AUS. 26 The Army and Navy Chaplain
ife And Christmas In A Prisoner Of War Camp
By EINER ROMER*
SHE Christmas season a year ago found me stationed at had been approved by our Intelligence Department, we L a Prisoner of War Enclosure in France ninety miles made them Yrisoner of War Chaplains to serve among east of Paris. This camp had about 35,000 German prison- their men. ers of war held by the United States. I had charge of the Of these chaplains, twelve were German, nine Protesreligious work among these men. tant, most of them Lutheran, and three Catholic; four were Let no one suppose that life in a prisoner of war camp Hungarian, representing both faiths. Some of them spoke in Europe can be compared to that of a pleasure resort. Life English well, others a little, and some not at all. I had at such a place is of necessity pretty dull, drab and severe, daily contact with these Chaplains and came to know them However, the men got enough to eat, 2,300 calories a day. quite well. I had two or three discussion meetings a week This is the food allowance scientifically determined to be with them. It was my task to support them in their work sufficient for preserving a man from malnutrition. Most and see that they were given as favorable conditions for civilians in the war-stricken countries of Europe are getting rendering religious service to their men as the situation much less food than that, often only half as much. Adult permitted. The pattern for our set-up was the religious civilians in America consume about 3,000 calories a day. work of the United States Army. Though my office was A small daily fuel allowance was made for each tent oc- responsible for that branch of work, they were permitted copied by men, enough to keep a fire from six to nine in to do their work as ministers and counsellors of their men the evening. The winter was not severe, but during a cold in their own way without'close supervision. We furnished snap it happened that the prisoners had to stay up during them with all their supplies, literature through voluntary the night, keep dressed with all their clothes and exercise agencies and other supplies through our Army. Although out of doors to keep warm. Inspectors from Geneva re- I knew some German, still I found an interpreter useful. ported that food and living conditions in our camp were One who was my interpreter for a time had been a major satisfactory and, on the whole, as good as they could be in in the German army, and before the war he was a professor a prison camp. at the University of Rostock. Their Chaplains were very Mail facilities were very meager. Most of the men had appreciative of the opportunity given them of working as not heard from their wives or families for a year or more. ministers among their men, and our relations were brothTheir homes in many cases were in cities or areas that had erly. been badly bombed out. We had a hospital for the sick, Our tent city, only a year old, was divided into twelve sufficiently heated and with medical doctors in charge. sections, or "cages," which had from 2,000 to 3,000 men We had our share of mud, of which there is always plenty each and operated as separate units in the daily run of in such a place. Seven thousand of the prisoners were things, each with its own kitchen, chapel, recreation faciliHungarians, and sc;me were from the Baltic Provinces. ties and leadership of prisoner of war personnel, super The latter had been impressed into the Nazi army as labor vised by American personnel. In each cage were usually battalions. One had a daily impression of the terribly two chaplains who occupied the chaplain's tent. This tent broken up, ruined and complicated conditions of Europe. was used as his quarters, office, study and the place where One man told me, "I have nothing further to live for. I am men could call on him for consultation. The chapel was a a Christian and look forward to the day when the Lord "100-man tent" which had a full week schedule of Protes- will take me out of this suffering world and home to Him- tant and Catholic worship services, each at their own self." hours. Approximately two-thirds of the men classified as The prisoners were given about as humane treatment Protestant and one-third as Catholic. Attendance at. reas conditions permitted. The religious and recreational ligious worship was voluntary. About ten per cent of the work did much to soften the severity of their life and men attended. The difference in the religious temper of keep the personality of the men from disintegrating dur- their men and ours was not as great as one might have ing their stay which varied in length from months to more expected, except in one respect. Among their men the than a year. Recreation was both physical and mental. The feeling of the non-churchgoer was commonly anti-Chrislatter was known as "mental relief." The American Chap- tian, or hatred; while among ours the men who were unlains' Office, of which I had charge, was responsible for responsive to the religious work were in the main just inthe religious work, and in some measure also for recre- different. national work. The latter was carried out almost entirely Two or three assembly halls, or theaters, each with a under the leadership of a qualified prisoner of war who seating capacity for 500 men or so, were for recreational was designated as the culture leader of his section. The re- programs and lectures. Weekly schedules of programs, ligious work had a set-up that covered the entire camp. It musical, dramatic, and educational, were held in these unwas carried out by more than a dozen prisoners of war who der the leadership of prisoners of war who were educators were clergymen by civilian profession. These men had or professional entertainers. There was a mimeographed been inducted into the Nazi army as soldiers. After they newspaper sheet in the camp. There were some outdoor of this article served as chaplain of the United States football games and indoor boxing matches. Walking Amh r Eoe. He is now pastor at in the United Statesg. through the camp at night before nine or ten o'clock, passJY-August, 1947 27
ing the rows ot tents, one would often hear a group of men The program took an hour. It stirred one's feelings to see cheering their spirits by singing, first in this tent and then what they accomplished under such adverse circumstances in that one. And how they could sing! I have heard pris- This program was repeated eight times through the holiday oners of war sing like a male chorus of an American col- season before an audience of about 500 men each time. lege. From a humanitarian aspect the provisions made for The religious work of the camp was eminently worth physical recreation and "mental relief," though not very. while, and the provision the American government made ample, were well worthwhile activities, for it surely was an excellent way of building for future in.
For Christmas the chaplains gave me a beautiful cruci- ternational good will. We felt, as we worked together, a fix carved from a piece of wood. This work of art was sense of Christian kinship and that Christianity does not done by a prisoner of war in the camp, who by civilian pro- stop at national boundaries but is international in its scope. fession was a professor of art in the University of Prague. Now these men have gone to their homes. The camp was It was touching to see what some of their artists did with dissolved in June. Last Christmas I said to the chaplains, few materials to beautify their chapel tents and other parts "In six months or a year when you have returned to your of their premises. homes and I to mine, I would be interested in hearing
Both the Protestant and Catholic chaplains and some of how you are getting along. If you write me, I'll answer their culture leaders, "Kulturleitere," combined their ef- your letter." Some of them have written. One writes, forts in getting up a sacred Christmas song service pro- "When I reached home I found living conditions much gram. It consisted of hymns, the Yuletide hymns you and more difficult there than in the prison camp. Food is very I sing and love, sung by a male chorus of 101 voices, scarce, but I'm glad I can do the work of a minister of the music and hymn numbers by quartettes, reading of the word of God." Another writes, "I am the only pastor in Christmas Gospel, and a sermonette, given upon their re- three towns with a population of 17,000. People are so quest. After I had given my sermonette in English a Ger- hardened and embittered that it is very difficult to know man translation of it was read by the Chaplain in charge. what to say to them."
SEE YOU AT CHURCH!
By CHAPLAIN JOHN B. McPHERSON
Often chaplains, those people who always try to take This would mean that there would be less inclination to the joy out of life, cogitate. After cogitating, they emerge steal, murder, duck responsibility, or neglect children or with irrefutable reasons why people should attend church. spouses. There are many likable policemen, judges, Well, it seems that I was dropped, or, perhaps, pushed, wardens, and reformatory workers who would find their while still of holding size from a fifth-story window and services no longer required. It would become necessary to landed squarely on my head. Thus, having meditated on fire them. This would increase our unemployment and the same subject, I emerge with three reasons why some further dislocate our present economy. At the present people should not go to church. time, local, state and federal budgets have provided billions of dollars to provide "wet nurses" for infantile
GOING To CHURCH Is DANGEROUs adults, wise guys, and corner cutters whose ideas of inSome people have discovered in worship many new tegrity, fidelity, value, and fair play have never progressed radical, and definitely constructive ideas. These ideas have beyond the "diaper" stage. To suddenly find such expendiled them to forsake the security and smug satisfaction of tures unnecessary would cause economic repercussions. the status quo, without thought of personal safety, to IT WOULD INTERFERE WITH PLEASURE challenge injustice, greed, bigotry, and prejudice. It has led them from safety into danger---often to their death. A Church attendance on Sunday morning would interfere great many people are perfectly safe and quite satisfied with some of the more gruesome Saturday night frivolity. without any constructive ideas. They are personally con- Inasmuch as ice bags on throbbing noggins are not being tent to vegetate. It would be unthoughtful and dangerous worn in church this season, it would mean that many to make them stop making like turnips, people would have to leave "George's Sophisticated Bucket of Blood" at a reasonable hour in a semi-respectable conIT WOULD LEAD TO AN UNBALANCED ECONOMY dition. This may conceivably conflict with the inalienable
Many people, by attending church, would have their right of "the pursuit of happiness" guaranteed by the ideas of fidelity, integrity, value, and fair play changed. Constitution.
For these reasons we must discard, for some people,
Reprinted from lax Air News. that fine old greeting: "See you at church."
28 The Army and Navy Chaplain
HOUGHTS, A CTIVITIES, ECHNIQUES
A Department of Helpful Suggestions and Materials for Chaplains
Religious Screen We appreciate your response to TAT's new REThe Army Chaplain Corps has entered the audio-visual LIGIOUS SCREEN department. Chaplain W. Theodore field in no small way, with several very promising projects. Allison, of Ontario, California, writes, asking that we An overseas distribution system has been set up, and "stress the need for intelligently building a program for the following films are available, at no cost, from the each showing of a film." . "Too many church leaders," Command Chaplains of the European, Alaskan, Caribbean he says, "think of a film showing ... as a sort of 'sacred and Far East Commands: entertainment' that keeps young people from seeing "The First Easter," "Where Love Is, God is," "The poorer quality films." We agree that many religious films Life of Paul Series," "The 2,000 Years Ago Series," must be used with discussions and "follow up" to be of (usable by Jews as well as Christians) . "Of Thee, My value, but we are looking forward to the day when rePeople," (recommended by the Jewish Welfare Board) ligious motion pictures will tell their own stories so well "Camps of the Dead," (also recommended by the that they will be complete "packages" in themselves. JWB) . "The Eternal Gift," (of particular interest to After all, some of Jesus' own parables required no buildRoman Catholics, and reviewed in TAT last issue) . up or detailed explanation. He used that "' sacred enter"Perpetual Sacrifice," (also for Catholics) . and "St. tainment" technique more than a few times . and it Francis of Assisi," (reviewed in the NEW FILMS AVAIL- worked pretty well. ABLE section this issue).
In the Army Chaplain mill, at present, are plans for the The theatrical film makers are notoriously short-winded production of a series of motion pictures, stressing the when it comes to the task of telling John Q. Publiceany moral basis of good citizenship. There will probably be unpleasant facts about his world. When they do come film versions of the citizenship lecture material now in out with "the straight dope" it behooves anybody that use by Army and Air Force chaplains, and will not conflict cares to give them every encouragement... All of which with the Navy Chaplain Corps morale education series, leads up to the observation that the RKO-Pathe film, "For Which We Stand," the first picture of which, "Men "Passport to Nowhere," is a splendid presentation of of the World;" is now in production with RKO in New actual information on displaced persons. Ask your local York. theaters to show it.
The Lutherans (ULC) have evidently changed the
"Naval Chapels in the Pacific," a film report for re- name of their stewardship film from "Now Thank We All lease to the religious public, has met with production de- Our God" to. . "And Now I See." lays, but will be available soon. Ralph Morgan, the screen star, plays an important part in the picture, and Dr. Franklin Clark Fry, president of
the United Lutheran Church, appears for an important
"Educators Guide to Free Films," Sixth Annual Edition, message.
is available, at $4.00 per copy, from Educators Progress The film is to be used in conjunction with the effort to Service, Randolph, Wisconsin. This handbook is well in- raise double the apportionment-$5,500,000-for the dexed, and lists 1,883 films, of which 1,152 are 16mm ULC in 1948. sound, 363 are 16mm silent, 231 are 35mm sound and 137
are 35rmm silent. In all, 3,2611/2 reels of FREE films, in The Film Council list provided on the inside back cover addition to about 82 slidefilms, are brought to you. They of this issue represents a "must" for anyone actively interprovide rich supplementary visual materials at a minimum ested in the progress of audio-visual techniques. The Film cost, Council movement is a comparatively young one in this
ft country, beginning with the formation of the Washington Another useful catalog is that of Brandon Films, 1600 Film Council in the early days of the war. It offers great Broadway. Films listed are selected 16mm.sound motion promise as a consumers' clearinghouse, although propictures. ducers and distributors of non-theatrical films are vitally f interested, and play an important part in plans for a more aggressive and more closely coordinated nation-wide pro"1000 and One,". the Blue Book of Non-Theatrical gram under the Film Council of America. Religious and Films, is a highly dependable listing published at $1.00 educational films will be increasingly involved. Join the per copy, by The Educational Screen, 64 E. Lake Street, nearest Film Council and do your part in the utilization of Chicago 1, Illinois. modern media. July-August, 1947 29
New Films Available General Items "Boundary Lines," an animated color film, produced by A thought-provoking quotation from Dr. Alfred G Julien Bryan, deals with the "walls" people build between Carpenter, Executive Chairman of the Committee of Camp each other;-race, class, etc. The picture is a bit on the Activities of the Southern Baptist Convention: . "it is "arty" side, with some clever examples of the use of not the chaplains who need refresher courses before regraphics and still pictures adapted to motion and sound. turning to their churches-but the clergymen who have not Some will say it does not offer many answers to the ques- witnessed or seen the crying need for spiritual help that tions it raises. You will find it stimulating and useful, has awakened every chaplain." however, with a wide age range; especially good for high We wish it were possible to agree that every chaplain school and college young people. 16mm sound. Running has seen what he ought to see, but we note with interest time: 12 minutes; rental should not be over $3.00 per day. that the bulk of the chaplains now entering the Regular Information at Cineffects, 1600 Broadway, New York 19, Navy through civilian procurement are young ex-chapN.Y. lains who, for one reason or another, did not apply for
"St. Francis of Assisi," a biographical film of particular transfer before the dead line. They are becoming a group interest to Roman Catholics, it is rich in atmosphere and of significant size and of a high caliber. And they are background. The film is deeply moving in its power and not complaining over the fact that they must reenter sincerity, following closely the life of St. Francis. The dia- as Lieutenants (jg) regardless of previous rank. They logue is Spanish, with English titles. Available in 16mm found that, for them, at least, the opportunities for sound through Gateway Productions, Inc., 49 Main St., higher service were with the Chaplain Corps. San Francisco, Calif., or from Mr. Gerald Barry, 19-38
79th Street, Jackson Heights, L. I., New York. Running Speaking of Southern Baptists, it gives us great pleasure time: 120 minutes; rental $25.00 per day. to reprint the following:
The following three films are available through the SOUTHERN BAPTIST PRINCIPLES OF CONDUCT IN National Film Board (Canada) offices listed in the Jan- RACE RELATIONS uary-February issue under "New Faces Come Back," or
from the Canadian Embassy, 1745 Massachusetts Ave., 1. We shall think of the Negro as a person and treat him Washington 6, D. C.: accordingly.
"Out of the Ruins"-Photographed in Greece, this film 2. We shall continually strive as individuals to conquer all is a poignant record of the ruin and suffering brought by prejudice and eliminate from our speech terms of conwar. The bitter civil strife is included, but we are re- tempt and from our conduct actions of ill-will. minded of the great debt all the world owes to ancient 3. We shall teach our children that prejudice is un-ChrisGreece and shown something of the country's hope for the tian and that good will and helpful deeds are the duty future. The task of restoring her unfortunate children to of every Christian toward all men of all races. health and happiness is outlined and emphasized. 16mm
sound; running time: 29 minutes; rental $3.75. 4. We shall protest against injustice and indignities against Negroes, as we do in the case of people of our
"Suffer Little Children"-Much of this film is taken own race, whenever, and wherever, we meet them. from "Out of the Ruins," so do not show them at the same
time. This film is a study of what war has done to the 5. We shall be willing for the Negro to enjoy the rights children of Europe and what is being done to rehabilitate granted him under the Constitution of the United them. Invaluable in your overseas relief projects. 16mm States, including the right to vote, to serve on juries, to sound; running time: 10 .minutes; rental $1.25. receive justice in the courts, to be free from mob violence, to secure a just share of the benefits of educational
"Music in the Wind"-The development of pipe organs and other funds and to receive equal service for equal is traced from the pipes of the ancients and the early foot- payment on public carriers and conveniences. pump instruments. The making of the various parts is
shown, and their final assemblage. The film concludes with 6. We shall be just in our dealing with the Negro as an the playing of Bach's Tocatta and Fugue in D Minor. individual. Whenever he is in our employ we shall pay 16mm sound; running time: 10 minutes; rental $1.25. him an adequate wage and provide for him healthful working conditions.
"The Way of Peace," puppet color film, given its pre- 7. We shall strive to promote community good will bemiere showing recently at Constitution Hall, Washington, tween the races in every way possible. D. C., is an interesting experiment, pointing in the right We shall actively co-operate with Negro Baptists in the direction. The horrors of an atomic war are depicted with 8. We shall actively co-operate with Negro Bapti their remarkable realism, and while scripture quoting is the ex- building up of their churches, the education of their tent of its positive message, it has many merits and will im- ministers and the promotion of their missions an press many people. Information on its distribution may evangelistic programs. be obtained from the Religious Film Association, Inc., 45 From the Report of the Committee on Race Relations at the Annual Astor Place, New York 3, N. Y. Meeting of the Southern Baptist Convention in St. Louis.
30 The Army and Navy Chaplainfl
The following poem is the unassisted effort of a six- Governor Dewey called the Brooklyn parade "the most year-old girl: spectacular demonstration of faith on the part of the people to be found anywhere in America." He praised the It's very hot in church today and very sleepy too. parents as well as the children who took part. President And the preachers talking and talking away Cashmore said, "the Sunday school members march today As preachers always do. because they are humble enough to commune with God and to go out on the streets to bear witness to their faith in I never can get the thred of anything they say, the teachings of their fathers and mothers."
Both when their sermons are being red -The Presbyterian Tribune.
And when they start to pray.
If I could have church the way I like, Book Reviews:
The preacher wouldn't be there, "The Life We Live" by Chaplain L. R. Schmieder, USN, And wed have no sermon or a reading from Jobe Published by Robert H. Mitchell, 717 Hazel St., Louisville
And only a littil prayer. 11, Ky., 1946, 204 pages. Price: $1.00.
Chaplain Schmieder, now with the USS Missouri, writes
And we would sing all the hymns so glad of a group of boys as they live from pre-Pearl Harbor And then reed a littil text, days through the experiences of a global war. Written And if we got tired of the seet we had primarily for Roman Catholics, we describe the book in
We would go and sit in the next. its author's own words: 8 its author's own words: From Bulletin of Chaplain Leslie F. Zimmerman, Seattle Control Group, "Every cross over a grave contains a story-often a story Everett, Washington. of the average American boy with high ideals who lived a e full life, who gave his life that his country might live.
"This is such a story. It is filled with their joys and
Brooklyn Parade... sorrows, with their hopes and fears-yes, with toil and From the standpoint of Protestant Christianity the most sweat, with blood and death."-M. D., Jr. remarkable event of the year in Brooklyn is the annual "Thoughts From the Sea" by Lt. John W. Alexander, "Anniversary Day Parade" in which 90,000 members of USNR, Published by Young People's Missionary Society, Brooklyn's Protestant Sunday School parade through the Winona Lake, Indiana, 1948, 159 pages with illustrations. streets of the world's largest Borough. It has been going on The author, who was not a chaplain, here presents a for 118 years. For many years all Presidents except Presi- series of devotional readings, each about two pages long. dents F. D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, have come He writes out of four years experience in the Navy during to Brooklyn to review parades. This year the reviewing was the recent war, and draws many interesting and helpful led, again, by Governor Dewey, accompanied by New analogies between Navy life and the Christian life. The York City's Mayor O'Dwyer and Brooklyn's Borough little volume is rich in short poems that pertain to the sea. President Cashmore. All in all, a splendid volume!-CLIFFORD M. DRURY.
APOLOGETIC FOR PROFANITY
By CHAPLAIN J. P. FORSANDER, JR.
From time to time there have been chaplains that 4. It indicates how clearly my mind operates.
have caused embarrassment on their ships or stations. 5. It makes my conversation so pleasant to everybody. These chaplains have come upon a group of men to be 6. It leaves no doubt in people's minds as to my good greeted by a burst of language hot enough to fry eggs. breeding. Then some one notices the chaplain's presence and hurriedly says, "Knock it off, here comes the Chaplain." Im- 7. It impresses people that I have more than an ordi-. mediately some faces turn red and a lame apology is of- nary education. fered in a face-saving move. Chaplains do not like to 8. It is an unmistakable sign of culture and refinement. cause embarrassment, so the following reasons in defense 9. It makes me a very desirable personality among of profanity are offered. women and children and in respectable society.
1. It Pleases Mother so much.. 10. It is my way of honoring God, who said, "Thou 1. It pleases Mother so much. shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in
2. It is a fine mark of manliness. vain."
3. It proves I have self control. There has been talk of conversion since the close of the
-war. Why not carry that conversion over to language and From U.S. Naval Hospital "Dry Dock." make it fit for every group in society? JUly-August, 1947 31
PROMINENT CHURCHMEN AWARDED
MEDAL OF MERIT
Rabbi Barnett R. Brickner 18,000 miles in 1942 visiting military establishments throughout the Uni
Rabbi Barnett R. Brickner States and Alaska. As a result of his tour of the battle fronts in 1943 in North
The citation accompanying the award read: "Rabbi Barnett Robert Briekner, Africa, the United Kingdom and the for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services Far East, 14,000 letters were sent to to the United Nations during the recent war. Rabbi Brickner, as representative relatives of American servicemen of all of the Jewish community in the United States, made an extensive tour throughout faiths whom he greeted personally durthe Caribbean, Central African and Middle Eastern Areas; China-Burma-India, ing his tour. As a result of his assoMediterranean and European Theaters. He conveyed the assurance of the Jew- ciations with both civilian and military ish people in our country of their spir- authorities in the countries which he itual support to the chaplains, oticers visited, Cardinal Spellman crystallized and servicemen on the far-flung battle public opinion in those countries as fronts. He made an inestimable contri- well as at home concerning the milibution to a better understanding be- tary observation of the United Nations. tween the Jewish civilian natives in At the close of the war he visited the the various countries which he visited Catholic chaplains and members of the and the military personnel of the Armed Forces in the Pacific Theater. United Nations. From his observations His services have been characterized at he could bring the assurance to the all times by a magnanimous spirit, his Jewish people in the States that their eminent wisdom, his ecclesiastical sons were receiving unbiased spiritual statesmanship, diplomacy and high pacare, and that they were experiencing triotism. As a representative of Ameriin the Armed Forces a greater demo- can Catholicism, Cardinal Spellman cratic spirit and understanding in race brought encouragement and high inrelations than in civilian life. He ral- spiration, first to the chaplains, then lied the support of the Jewish commun- to all military personnel, including the ity for the prosecution of the war effort high command wherever he went." through confidence placed in him by
the Jewish community in America. He
was representative of the Jewish leaders who placed high confidence in what
he said from the observations made B W while on his mission abroad. His pres- Dr. William Barrow Pugh ence inspired Jewish personnel to greater effort and higher degree of morale The citation accompanying the award read: "Dr. William Barrow Pugh, for than otherwise could have been at- exceptionally meritorious conduct in the tained. Rabbi Brickner also urged his performance of outstanding services to people through example, and through the United Nations during the recent his writings to stand by the War Department in the efforts of bringing about war. Dr. Pugh, as Chairman of the a greater democratic world." General Commission on Army and Navy Chaplains, exerted a tremendous influence upon the leaders of thirty Prob.
estant denominations helping to crystal.
lize public opinion and rally support
regarding the moral issues of the war,
and to bring approximately two thou
sand clergymen into the Chaplaincy.
Bishop Henry Knox Sherrill As Stated Clerk of the General Assetbly of the Presbyterian Church in the
The citation accompanying the award read: "Bishop Henry Knox Sherrill, United States of America, he exercised for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding serv- powerful influence upon elergymen o ices to the United Nations during the recent war. Bishop Sherrill, as Vice hs own c hrh irende a decis ion i Chairman of the General Commission on Army and Navy Chaplains, Episcopal favor of the Chaplain Corps. His in Bishop of the Diocese of Maa terest in assisting the War Department and Chairman of his Church Commis- in executing its mission is manfested in sion on the Army and Navy, made an his discriminating judgment in urging extended tour of the Alaska Theater in his own denominational support. His 1941, visiting Army and Navy chaplains outstanding work in the Service Men's i 193, sitig Amy ad Nvy caplinsChristian League established a bond of and servicemen in the interest of the fellowship, and a powerful influence for Protestant Churches in the United good among servicemen and chaplains S States and for the purpose of stimulat- of allam Protestant service as. s a reprlaiing morale among the chaplains and sentative of American Protestantism, servicemen. He exerted a tremendous Dr. Pugh brought encouragement and influence upon the High Command by high inspiration to chaplains in the Pacific and European Theaters of Operaway of inspiring them, and through tions." moral support crystallizing friendly
relations among the Protestant groups
as well as among the three major
faiths. In 1945 as a guest of the British Dr. Daniel A. Polin Government, while attending the enthronement ceremony of the Archbishop The citation accompanying the award read: "Dr. Daniel Alfred Poling, for of Canterbury, he exercised powerful exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services influence upon the Church leaders of to the United Nations during the recent war. Dr. Poling, as an accredited war the Anglican Church in the United correspondent, President of the World's Christian Endeavor Union, Editor-inKingdom and through high ecclesiasti- Chief of the Christian Herald, and Vice cal leaders conveyed the greetings and Chairman of the Service Men's Chrisgood wishes of a large section of the tian League, exerted a world-wide influProtestant Churches of America, not ence upon the young people and youthonly to the citizens of the United King- fu leaders iupon the ChristiYoung people and Church. As dom, but also to the leaders of British ful lEditor-adn-Chief of the Christian Church. Asald political life. As he continued on his Editor-in-Chief of the Christian Herald extended tour of Germany, Geneva h le did much to crystallize public opinextndd turofGeran, Gnea, ion and rally support regarding the Italy and the Azores, he demonstrated his ability to influence not only the moral issues of the war, and to enchaplains and servicemen, but civilian clergymen in the countries visited. His mergeArmy of NaryChdla in mission was characterized by discriminating judgment, magnanimous spirit, ecclesiastical statesmanship, and all inclusive understanding of the problems the performance of their duties. With confronting the Protestant Church, especially in Germany bringing about the the title 'America's Spiritual Ambassarehabilitation of the spiritual life of that Nation. As a representative of dor of Good Will' bestowed upon him American Protestantism, Bishop Sherrill holds the respect of the majority of by the late President Roosevelt, he did the Protestant -groups, and was representative of the American Protestant much to influence religious leaders of Church in all Theaters of Operations." all faiths concerning 'the statement of the Christian Conference on War and
Peace.' On his tours abroad he conducted the preliminary discussions out
of which came pronouncements of Protestantism in regard to the moral issues
of the war. He carried with him at all
Francis Cardinal Spellman times letters of commendation from the Chief of Chaplains as an approach to
Army and Navy Chaplains and to Army
The citation accompanying the award read: "His eminence Francis Cardinal personnel while on his missions abroad. Spellman, for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of out- His outstanding work is recognized by standing services while touring the battle fronts and theaters of war through- the Protestant world and not alone by out the world. Cardinal Spellman, as Military Vicar of the Armed Forces of the his own denomination. As a represenUnited States, in his mission abroad among high military personnel of the tative of American Protestantism, Dr. Poling carried credentials from vari United Nations and civilians, both in secular and ecclesiastical high places, organizations, and brought great encouragement and high inspiration toriuths did much to establish good will and a high degree of friendship and loyalty chaplains as well as to all military personnel and civilian leaders in the vari between the United Nations in prosecuting the war. He covered more than theaters that he visited."
DIRECTORY OF ESTABLISHED FILM COUNCILS
It is suggested that interested chaplains associate themselves with the nearest established film councils listed below. There is no greater opportunity to further the cause of community education than through the medium of the non-theatrical motion picture.-EDITORS.
ALABAMA-BIRMINGHAM FILM COUNCIL (Birmingham, Rabbi Albert Lewis, Chairman, Temple Adath Israel,
Alabama) Lexington, Ky.
E. E. Sechriest, Chairman-Ensley High School, Birming- D. T. Davis, Secretary.
ham, Alabama FALLS CITIES FILM COUNCIL (Louisville, Kentucky)
ARKANSAS-GREATER LITTLE ROCK FIL COUNCIL Frank Richterkessing, Chairman, Cissell Mfg. Co., 831 S. ARKANSAS-GREATER LITTLE ROCK FILM COUNCIL FisLuvleKnck
(Little Rock, Arkansas) First, Louisville, Kentucky
Don Schaber, Chairman, 240 C. Street, Little Rock MICHIGAN-ALLEGAN FILM COUNCIL (Allegan, MichiAl Ostedgaard, Vice Chairman, Aetna Life Insurance gan)
Company, Little Rock Rev. Charles Dobbertin, Chairman, Allegan, Michigan
Mrs. Helen Elrod, Sec. Treas., Little Rock
NEW YORK-NEW YORK CITY FILM COUNCIL (New CALIFORNIA-BAY AREA FILM COUNCIL (San Francisco, York City, New York)
California) Richard Griffith, President, National Board of Review,
Earl F. Mennett, Chairman, Director Audio-Visual Aids, 70 Fifth Avenue
Hayward, California Albert Rosenberg, Vice Chairman, McGraw Hill Book DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA WASHINGTON FILM COUN- Company, NYC
CIL (Washington, D.C.) Miss Emily S. Jones, Secretary, Ed. Film Library Association, NYC
Chester A. Lindstrom, Chairman, Motion Picture Division, Wm. Rogers, Treasury, Religious Film Association,
U.S.Deprtmnt f Aricltur, Wshigto, DC. Win I. Rogers, Treasury, Religious Film Association,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. NYC
Mrs. Marian Jarnagin, Sec. Treasurer, Washington, D. C. ROCHESTER FILM COUNCIL (Rochester, New York)
GEORGIA-ATLANTA FILM COUNCIL (Atlanta, Georgia) Paul C. Reed, Chairman, Rochester Public Schools, RoPaul F. Runge, President, 509 Henry Grady Building, chester, NY
Atlanta, Georgia Rex Johnson, Secretary, Research Director of Council of
Grady L. Elliott, Secretary, 101 Marietta Street, Room Social Agencies, Rochester, NY
301, Atlanta
ATHENS FILM COUNCIL (Athens, Georgia) OHIO-CINCINNATI FILM COUNCIL (Cincinnati, Ohio)
ATHENS FILM COUNCIL (Athens, Georgia) BetColeharnDT.avs omny91
Nicholas Reed, Chairman, Southern Ed. Film Service, Betty Collier, Chairman, D. T. Davis Company, 911
Inc., University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. Main Street, Cincinnati 2, Ohio
Rev. David Wright, Vice Chairman, Emanuel Episcopal TEXAS-AUSTIN FILM COUNCIL (Austin, Texas)
Church, Athens Shelby Collier, President, First Baptist Church, Austin Miss Mary Towers, Secretary, Athens Regional Library, Bob Birdsong, Vice Pres., Municipal Building, Austin Athens Mrs. Viola White, Sec. Treas., 12th and Lamar, Austin
IDAHO-BOISE FILM COUNCIL (Boise, Idaho) DALLAS FILM COUNCIL (Dallas, Texas) O. D. Cole, President, Ass't Supt. of Schools, Boise, Idaho Miss Bertha Landers, President, Dallas Public Library, Rita Hanson, Secretary, Boise, Idaho Dallas Mrs. Erma Watkins, Sec., Film Dept. Dallas Public ILLINOIS-CHICAGO FILM COUNCIL (Chicago, Illinois) Library, Dallas Ralph Creer, President, American Medical Association, FT. WORTH FILM COUNCIL (Ft. Worth, Texas) 535 N. Dearborn N. E. Buster, Chairman, Ft. Worth Public Schools, Ft. Mrs. June Hamilton; Secretary, 84 E. Randolph Street, Worth Chicago HOUSTON FILM COUNCIL (Houston, Texas)
INDIANA-MUNCIE FILM COUNCIL (Muncie, Indiana) Harold Wigren, Chairman, Director Visual Education, Sidney E. McClellan, President, 600 Cromer Avenue, Houston Public Schools, Houston, Texas Muncie, Indiana WASHINGTON-SEATTLE FILM COUNCIL (Seattle Mrs. Merrill Brinson, Secretary, 1815 W. Adams, Muncie, Washington) IndianaWahntn
Indiana Mrs. Grace Stevenson, Acting Chairman, Seattle Public
IOWA-QUAD CITY CHAPTER (Davenport, Iowa) Library, Seattle, Washington Laurin Ashbaucher, Chairman, Visual Aids Department, WISCONSIN-MILWAUKEE FILM COUNCIL (Milwaukee, Moline High School, Moline, Illinois WISCONSIN-MILWAUKEE FILM COUNCIL (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)
KENTUCKY-BLUE GRASS FILM COUNCIL (Lexington, Mrs. Rea Kraft Birch, Chairman, 844 N. Plankinton, MilKentucky) waukee, Wisconsin
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PLAN EARLY TO ATTEND the
17th ANNUAL CONVENTION
and
TRAINING CONFERENCE
HOTEL NEW YORKER New York City May 10-17, 1948
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